CN112902163B - Hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system and method based on ammonia decomposition - Google Patents

Hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system and method based on ammonia decomposition Download PDF

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CN112902163B
CN112902163B CN202110250647.XA CN202110250647A CN112902163B CN 112902163 B CN112902163 B CN 112902163B CN 202110250647 A CN202110250647 A CN 202110250647A CN 112902163 B CN112902163 B CN 112902163B
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combustion
ammonia
gas
ammonia decomposition
decomposition
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CN112902163A (en
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许焕焕
葛一
马春元
王志强
任霄汉
钱钊
卢林
朱子霖
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Shandong University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system and method based on ammonia decomposition. Including ammonia decomposition device, the air source, burner includes first combustion zone, the second combustion zone, the inside nitrogen gas device that removes that sets up of ammonia decomposition device, ammonia decomposition device's decomposition gas export respectively with first combustion zone, the gas access connection of second combustion zone, the air source respectively with first combustion zone, the gas access connection of second combustion zone, there is some fresh ammonia and the end connection of second combustion zone in addition, first combustion zone is rich combustion zone, the second combustion zone is lean combustion zone. The low-nitrogen combustion system is provided with ammonia as a hydrogen carrier, ammonia decomposition gas as combustion gas and air as an oxygen supply body. The problem of the transportation of hydrogen has been solved, has solved the problem that improves the release rate of heat of combustion, has solved the problem that reduces nitrogen oxide and discharges.

Description

Hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system and method based on ammonia decomposition
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ammonia decomposition hydrogen production combustion, and particularly relates to a hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system and method based on ammonia decomposition.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Hydrogen, as a fuel of high reactivity, is considered to be unreactedAnd one of the most important green clean energy sources. H2High combustion speed, high heat release rate and H as combustion product2O, free of CO2And (5) discharging. The development of new combustion technologies and equipment using hydrogen as fuel has become a breakthrough to alleviate global warming and energy shortage. Due to the high diffusion characteristic and high reactivity of hydrogen, a series of safety problems of easy leakage, easy explosion, easy tempering and the like exist in the processes of transportation, storage and combustion of hydrogen, and the safety problems are also a key bottleneck for developing a hydrogen fuel utilization technology.
The ammonia molecule contains three hydrogen atoms, and the unit mass of ammonia contains 17.6 percent of hydrogen. The energy density of ammonia reaches 13.6GJ/m33 times as much as hydrogen, and the specific energy cost is only 13.3$/GJ, which is only one third of hydrogen. The ammonia has high energy density, is easy to liquefy and convenient to store and carry, and is high-quality H2An energy carrier. Furthermore, NH3The ideal product of combustion is N2And H2O, no CO in the combustion process2And (5) discharging. By means of NH3The fuel is also one of the current ways to reduce carbon emission. No CO is generated in the process of ammonia utilization2The discharged ammonia is produced by mature ammonia production process in China, and the source of the ammonia fuel is guaranteed, if no CO is produced in the production process2If new energy such as wind energy, solar energy and the like is used for synthesizing ammonia, the whole life cycle chain of the ammonia can realize CO2And (4) zero emission. However, ammonia gas, as a fuel, has a narrow flammable range and a low flame propagation speed, and produces a large amount of nitrogen oxides during actual combustion in air, thereby polluting the air.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a system and method for hydrogen-loaded low-NOx combustion based on ammonia decomposition.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
according to the first aspect, the hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system based on ammonia decomposition comprises an ammonia decomposition device, an air source and a combustion device, wherein the combustion device comprises a first combustion area and a second combustion area, a nitrogen removal device is arranged in the ammonia decomposition device, a decomposed gas outlet of the ammonia decomposition device is respectively connected with gas inlets of the first combustion area and the second combustion area, the air source is respectively connected with gas inlets of the first combustion area and the second combustion area, part of fresh ammonia gas which does not enter the ammonia decomposition device is connected with the tail of the second combustion area, the first combustion area is a rich combustion area, and the second combustion area is a lean combustion area.
The low-nitrogen combustion system is provided with ammonia as a hydrogen carrier, ammonia decomposition gas as combustion gas and air as an oxygen supply body. The problem of transportation of hydrogen is solved through ammonia-carried hydrogen, the problems of improving the release rate of combustion heat and the combustion stability are solved through adjusting ammonia decomposition hydrogen production and air distribution, and the problem of reducing nitrogen oxide emission is solved through oxygen shortage at the initial stage of combustion and ammonia reduction at the later stage of combustion.
In some embodiments of the invention, a burner and a gas nozzle are disposed within the first combustion zone.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second combustion zone is provided with a secondary air inlet and an ammonia gas inlet, and the ammonia gas inlet is connected with the outlet of the ammonia gas decomposition device.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ammonia decomposition device further comprises a heat exchanger, the ammonia decomposition device is provided with a heat exchange jacket, and the flue gas outlet of the combustion device is respectively connected with the heat exchanger and the heat exchange jacket of the ammonia decomposition device.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ammonia decomposition device further comprises an ammonia gas supply device, the ammonia gas supply device is connected with the heat exchange device, and the heat exchange device is connected with the ammonia gas decomposition device.
In a second aspect, the method for low-nitrogen combustion by using the ammonia decomposition-based hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system comprises the following specific steps:
part of ammonia decomposition gas and air form primary air, the primary air enters a first combustion area to be combusted, and the ammonia decomposition gas is only a mixed gas of hydrogen and ammonia;
the residual ammonia decomposition gas and air form secondary air which enters a second combustion area for combustion;
and (3) allowing the undecomposed ammonia gas to enter an ammonia gas inlet of a second combustion area for reduction reaction, wherein the ammonia gas inlet of the second combustion area is positioned at the rear section of the combustion chamber, and finally obtaining the flue gas.
The undecomposed ammonia gas refers to ammonia gas that does not enter the ammonia gas decomposition device. The amount of undecomposed ammonia introduced is related to the nitrogen oxide content in the second combustion zone.
The combustion device is provided with two combustion areas, namely a first combustion area and a second combustion area, wherein the first combustion area is rich in fuel, the second combustion area is lean in fuel, gas generated by the first combustion area enters the second combustion area for further combustion, and meanwhile, the second combustion area supplies fuel and excess air for combustion, so that the fuel is completely combusted, the integral combustion effect is better, and the heat release amount and the heat release rate of combustion are improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ammonia decomposition gas after ammonia decomposition is respectively introduced into the first combustion zone and the second combustion zone, and the ratio of the ammonia decomposition gas introduced into the first combustion zone and the second combustion zone is 3-5: 1; preferably 4: 1. The total amount of the ammonia decomposition gas introduced into the first combustion zone and the second combustion zone is constant, wherein the volume flow ratio of the ammonia decomposition gas introduced into the first combustion zone and the second combustion zone is different.
In some embodiments of the invention, the excess air ratio of the first combustion zone is in the range of from 0.5 to 1, preferably from 0.8 to 1. The excess air ratio is the amount of air actually supplied compared to the theoretical amount of air required for complete combustion of the fuel. The ratio of oxygen provided to the amount of oxygen required for complete combustion.
In some embodiments of the invention, the decomposition ratio of ammonia in the ammonia decomposition gas is 0.2 to 0.8; preferably 0.4 to 0.5. The volume flow ratio of the decomposed ammonia gas to the total ammonia gas.
In some embodiments of the invention, the excess air factor of the second combustion zone is in the range of 2 to 2.8.
The first combustion zone and the second combustion zone are rich combustion and lean combustion respectively, and combustion heat release rates of the rich combustion and the lean combustion and tail smoke NOx emission are adjusted through adjustment of the parameters, so that the overall combustion heat release rate, combustion stability (the condition of flame pulsation is better) and NOx emission are the lowest and optimal.
The undecomposed ammonia gas is ammonia gas which does not enter the ammonia gas decomposition device.
By regulating the amount of ammonia decomposition passing through the ammonia decomposition chamber, i.e. H in the ammonia decomposition gas2And the content is controlled, the rich combustion degree of the first combustion area and the lean combustion degree of the second combustion area are regulated, and the fresh ammonia gas injection amount of the second combustion area is regulated, so that the combustion stability and the heat release rate are ensured, and the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced.
One or more technical schemes of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
the system and the method for hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion based on ammonia decomposition are provided, ammonia decomposition gas is used as fuel, oxygen is provided by air, and the air enters a combustion device for combustion so as to provide energy; through the control of the combustion method and the design of the device structure, the heat release rate of combustion reaches a high point, the combustion regulation and control means are fully utilized, the generation of nitrogen oxides is reduced, and the initial fuel is utilized to reduce the nitrogen oxides generated in the flue gas, so that the lower emission of the nitrogen oxides is ensured.
The ammonia gas is used as a carrier of the hydrogen gas, so that the transportation and storage of hydrogen energy are facilitated, the air pollution is less, and the cost is lower.
The strong combustion characteristic of hydrogen is utilized to overcome the defects of narrow combustible range, low flame propagation speed and the like of ammonia gas, and the stability of the combustion process is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hydrogen-blended low-NOx combustion system based on ammonia decomposition;
wherein, 1-ammonia gas supply device; 2-a flow control valve; 3-a heat exchanger; 4-ammonia decomposition unit; 5-air pump; 6-a combustion device; 7-a burner; 8, a secondary air inlet; 9-fresh ammonia gas nozzle; a first combustion zone A-B-C-D; a second combustion zone B-E-F-C.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The utility model provides a low nitrogen combustion system of hydrogen loading based on ammonia decomposition, including ammonia decomposition device, the air source, burner includes first combustion area, the second combustion area, the inside nitrogen removal gas device that sets up of ammonia decomposition device, ammonia decomposition device's decomposition gas export respectively with first combustion area, the gas inlet of second combustion area is connected, the air source respectively with first combustion area, the gas inlet of second combustion area is connected, ammonia decomposition device's ammonia entry and the end connection of second combustion area, first combustion area is rich combustion area, the second combustion area is lean combustion area.
In some embodiments of the invention, a burner is disposed within the first combustion zone.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second combustion zone is provided with a secondary air inlet and an ammonia gas inlet, and the ammonia gas inlet is connected with the ammonia gas inlet of the ammonia gas decomposition device.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ammonia decomposition device further comprises a heat exchanger, the ammonia decomposition device is provided with a heat exchange jacket, and the flue gas outlet of the combustion device is respectively connected with the heat exchanger and the heat exchange jacket of the ammonia decomposition device.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ammonia decomposition device further comprises an ammonia gas supply device, the ammonia gas supply device is connected with the heat exchange device, and the heat exchange device is connected with the ammonia gas decomposition device.
Ammonia gas decomposition device 4, ammonia gas is under the high temperature or the effect of catalyst, partial decomposition produces H2、N2And NH3And (4) mixing the gases. The ammonia gas decomposition device is internally provided with a nitrogen gas removing device, so that the ammonia gas decomposition gas is H2And NH3And (4) mixing the gases. The combustion device 6 provides a location for combustion.
The ammonia decomposition gas respectively enters a first combustion area and a second combustion area, the first combustion area is a rich combustion area, the second combustion area is a lean combustion area, the first combustion area is a main combustion area, the second combustion area is an auxiliary combustion area, the second combustion area is used for assisting the first combustion area, the gas which is not completely combusted in the first combustion area continues to be combusted, and meanwhile, the newly-entered ammonia decomposition gas is combusted, so that the combustion is more sufficient, and meanwhile, the total release rate of heat is improved.
The air source is respectively connected with the first combustion area and the second combustion area, and the fresh air and part of the ammonia decomposition gas are subjected to fuel-rich combustion in the first combustion area and subjected to fuel-lean combustion with the rest of the ammonia decomposition gas in the second combustion area. The ammonia gas inlet of the ammonia gas decomposition device is connected with the rear section of the second combustion zone, and undecomposed ammonia gas is introduced into the tail part of the second combustion zone and is used for reducing nitrogen oxides, mainly NO, generated by combustion. The air source may be powered by an air pump 5.
The ammonia decomposition gas is the gas of ammonia after decomposition, and the air source mainly contains nitrogen and oxygen, so the ammonia decomposition gas is introduced into the air source to be combusted, and a large amount of nitrogen oxides are generated. The nitrogen oxides are reduced by ammonia gas, so that the emission of the nitrogen oxides is greatly reduced.
A burner is arranged in the first combustion zone. The first combustion zone performs rich combustion.
The second combustion area is provided with a secondary air inlet 8 and an ammonia gas inlet 9, and the ammonia gas inlet 9 is connected with an ammonia gas inlet of the ammonia gas decomposition device. The secondary air inlet 8 is an inlet for air and ammonia decomposition gas, the ammonia gas inlet 9 is an inlet for undecomposed ammonia gas, the ammonia gas inlet is positioned at the tail part of the second combustion area, the concentration of nitrogen oxide at the position is maximum, the temperature is higher, and the ammonia gas reacts with the nitrogen oxide at higher temperature to reduce the emission of the nitrogen oxide.
Still include heat exchanger 3, ammonia decomposition device 4 sets up the heat transfer and presss from both sides the cover, and burner's exhanst gas outlet is connected with heat exchanger, ammonia decomposition device 4's heat transfer jacket respectively. Flue gas discharged from a flue gas outlet of the combustion device enters the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the ammonia gas in the ammonia gas decomposition device and the heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the ammonia gas is increased, and heat is provided for ammonia gas decomposition.
The device also comprises an ammonia gas supply device 1, wherein the ammonia gas supply device 1 is connected with a heat exchange device 3, and the heat exchange device 3 is connected with an ammonia gas decomposition device 4. The ammonia gas supply device is connected with the heat exchange device and the ammonia gas decomposition device 4 to provide an ammonia gas source. A flow control valve 2 can be arranged on a pipeline for connecting the ammonia gas device and the heat exchange device, so that the flow can be conveniently controlled. The ammonia gas supply device 1 can be a liquid ammonia tank.
NH3Stored in an ammonia gas supply device 1 in a liquid state, the flow is controlled by a flow control valve 2 after pressure reduction, the temperature of the ammonia gas exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas in a heat exchanger 3 is increased, and the ammonia gas enters NH3A decomposition chamber, which is partially decomposed at high temperature or under the action of a catalyst to generate H2、N2And NH3And (4) mixing the gases. A part of NH3The decomposed gas is mixed with air pumped by an air pump (the process can also be mixed with traditional fossil fuels, such as coal dust, CH4Etc.) to form primary air, the primary air is injected into the combustion device 6 from the combustor 7 to generate ignition combustion, and the combustor 7 can be in a rotational flow structure or provided with a bluff body to strengthen a flow field and promote combustion. The combustion chamber is divided into two zones, the first combustion zone A-B-C-D, in which fuel-rich combustion, air-poor, NH-is used3Insufficient combustion, second combustion zone B-E-F-C, which uses lean fuel combustion, from NH3Secondary air consisting of decomposed gas and air is sprayed into the second combustion area by a secondary air spray nozzle. Unburned NH in the first combustion zone3Reacts with the formed NOx to reduce the NOx to N2. Selectively formed by SNCR NH based on NOx reduction in the second combustion zone3The nozzle injects into the tail of the combustion chamber to control NOx emission at a low level. High-temperature flue gas returns to the heat exchanger 3 to heat NH3When NH is present3And a high-temperature decomposition mode is adopted, and part of high-temperature flue gas flows through the ammonia decomposition device 4 to provide a heat source.
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples
The total amount of ammonia gas was set to 100SCCM in the following examples.
Example 1
The method for low-nitrogen combustion by using the hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system based on ammonia decomposition comprises the following specific steps:
the ammonia decomposition gas and primary air of air enter a first combustion area to be combusted, and the ammonia decomposition gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and ammonia;
the residual ammonia decomposition gas and secondary air enter a second combustion area for combustion;
and (4) introducing the undecomposed ammonia gas into an ammonia gas inlet of the second combustion area for reduction reaction, and finally obtaining the flue gas with lower NOx content.
The decomposition ratio of ammonia gas is 0.5, the volume flow ratio of primary air to secondary air ammonia decomposition gas is 4:1, the volume ratio of ammonia gas to hydrogen gas in the ammonia decomposition gas is 2:3, the excess air coefficient of the first combustion zone is 0.8, and the excess air coefficient of the second combustion zone is 2.8.
Example 2
The method for low-nitrogen combustion by using the hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system based on ammonia decomposition comprises the following specific steps:
the ammonia decomposition gas and primary air of air enter a first combustion area to be combusted, and the ammonia decomposition gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and ammonia;
the residual ammonia decomposition gas and secondary air enter a second combustion area for combustion;
and (4) introducing the undecomposed ammonia gas into an ammonia gas inlet of the second combustion area for reduction reaction to finally obtain the flue gas.
The decomposition ratio of ammonia gas is 0.5, the volume flow ratio of primary air to secondary air ammonia decomposition gas is 4:1, the volume ratio of ammonia gas to hydrogen gas in the ammonia decomposition gas is 2:3, the excess air coefficient of the first combustion zone is 0.9, and the excess air coefficient of the second combustion zone is 2.4.
Example 3
The method for low-nitrogen combustion by using the hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system based on ammonia decomposition comprises the following specific steps:
the ammonia decomposition gas and primary air of air enter a first combustion area to be combusted, and the ammonia decomposition gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and ammonia;
the residual ammonia decomposition gas and secondary air enter a second combustion area for combustion;
and (4) introducing the undecomposed ammonia gas into an ammonia gas inlet of the second combustion area for reduction reaction to finally obtain the flue gas.
The decomposition ratio of ammonia gas is 0.5, the volume flow ratio of primary air to secondary air ammonia decomposition gas is 4:1, the volume ratio of ammonia gas to hydrogen gas in the ammonia decomposition gas is 2:3, the excess air coefficient of the first combustion zone is 1.0, and the excess air coefficient of the second combustion zone is 2.0.
Comparative example 1
The method for low-nitrogen combustion by using the hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system based on ammonia decomposition comprises the following specific steps:
the ammonia decomposition gas and primary air of air enter a first combustion area to be combusted, and the ammonia decomposition gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and ammonia;
the residual ammonia decomposition gas and secondary air enter a second combustion area for combustion;
and (4) introducing the undecomposed ammonia gas into an ammonia gas inlet of the second combustion area for reduction reaction to finally obtain the flue gas.
The decomposition ratio of ammonia gas is 0.5, the volume flow ratio of primary air to secondary air ammonia decomposition gas is 4:1, the volume ratio of ammonia gas to hydrogen gas in the ammonia decomposition gas is 2:3, the excess air coefficient of the first combustion zone is 1.1, and the excess air coefficient of the second combustion zone is 1.6.
Comparative example 2
The method for low-nitrogen combustion by using the hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system based on ammonia decomposition comprises the following specific steps:
the ammonia decomposition gas and primary air of air enter a first combustion area to be combusted, and the ammonia decomposition gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and ammonia;
the residual ammonia decomposition gas and secondary air enter a second combustion area for combustion;
and (4) introducing the undecomposed ammonia gas into an ammonia gas inlet of the second combustion area for reduction reaction to finally obtain the flue gas.
The decomposition ratio of ammonia gas is 0.5, the volume flow ratio of primary air to secondary air ammonia decomposition gas is 4:1, the volume ratio of ammonia gas to hydrogen gas in the ammonia decomposition gas is 2:3, the excess air coefficient of the first combustion zone is 1.2, and the excess air coefficient of the second combustion zone is 1.2.
Comparative example 3
The method for low-nitrogen combustion by using the hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system based on ammonia decomposition comprises the following specific steps:
the ammonia decomposition gas and primary air of air enter a first combustion area to be combusted, and the ammonia decomposition gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and ammonia;
the residual ammonia decomposition gas and secondary air enter a second combustion area for combustion;
and (4) introducing the undecomposed ammonia gas into an ammonia gas inlet of the second combustion area for reduction reaction to finally obtain the flue gas.
The decomposition ratio of ammonia gas is 0.5, the volume flow ratio of primary air to secondary air ammonia decomposition gas is 4:1, the volume ratio of ammonia gas to hydrogen gas in the ammonia decomposition gas is 2:3, the excess air coefficient of the first combustion zone is 1.3, and the excess air coefficient of the second combustion zone is 0.8.
Example 4
The method for low-nitrogen combustion by using the hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system based on ammonia decomposition comprises the following specific steps:
the ammonia decomposition gas and primary air of air enter a first combustion area to be combusted, and the ammonia decomposition gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and ammonia;
the residual ammonia decomposition gas and secondary air enter a second combustion area for combustion;
and (4) introducing the undecomposed ammonia gas into an ammonia gas inlet of the second combustion area for reduction reaction to finally obtain the flue gas.
Unlike example 1, the decomposition ratio of ammonia gas was 0.2.
Example 5
Unlike example 1, the decomposition ratio of ammonia gas was 0.4.
Example 6
Unlike example 1, the decomposition ratio of ammonia gas was 0.6.
Example 7
Unlike example 1, the decomposition ratio of ammonia gas was 0.8.
The decomposition ratio X of examples 1 to 6 was 0.5, the fuel in the primary air accounted for 80% by volume of the total fuel, and the fuel in the secondary air accounted for 20% by volume of the total fuel, and the combustion heat release rates obtained under the conditions of different air excess coefficients were as shown in table 1. Examples 1 and 7-10 were carried out with different decomposition ratios of ammonia gas and the emission of NO as shown in table 2, and the following data were carried out at room temperature with a total ammonia gas volume flow of 100SCCM (i.e. the total ammonia gas entering the ammonia gas decomposition unit) and a non-decomposed ammonia gas volume flow of 5SCCM entering the tail of the second combustion zone to participate in the reduction of nitrogen oxides.
TABLE 1 average combustion heat release rate and NO emission at 0.5 ammonia decomposition ratio X
Figure GDA0003145162360000101
Figure GDA0003145162360000111
Figure GDA0003145162360000121
TABLE 2 first combustion zone excess air ratio 0.8 average combustion heat release rate and NO emissions for second combustion zone excess air ratio 2.8
Figure GDA0003145162360000122
To summarize: it can be seen from the above data that, while ignoring errors, the average heat release rate of the first combustion zone increases as the excess air factor of the first combustion zone increases, and the average heat release rate of the second combustion zone decreases due to a corresponding decrease in the excess air factor of the second combustion zone, but the average heat release rate of the entire combustion apparatus increases; overall, as the decomposition ratio increases, the NO production increases and the average heat release rate of the two combustion zones increases, but when the decomposition ratio reaches 0.6, the average heat release rate of the first combustion zone slightly decreases.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system based on ammonia decomposition is characterized in that: the ammonia decomposition device comprises a first combustion area and a second combustion area, wherein a nitrogen removal device is arranged in the ammonia decomposition device, a decomposed gas outlet of the ammonia decomposition device is respectively connected with gas inlets of the first combustion area and the second combustion area, the air source is respectively connected with gas inlets of the first combustion area and the second combustion area, an ammonia inlet of the ammonia decomposition device is connected with the tail part of the second combustion area, the first combustion area is a rich combustion area, and the second combustion area is a lean combustion area;
the ratio of ammonia decomposition gas introduced into the first combustion zone and the second combustion zone is 3-5: 1;
the excess air factor of the first combustion zone is between 0.8 and 1;
the decomposition ratio of ammonia in the ammonia decomposition gas introduced into the first combustion zone is 0.2-0.8;
the excess air ratio of the second combustion zone is in the range of 1.2 to 2.
2. The ammonia decomposition based hydrogen-loaded low-NOx combustion system of claim 1, wherein: a burner is arranged in the first combustion zone.
3. The ammonia decomposition based hydrogen-loaded low-NOx combustion system of claim 1, wherein: the second combustion area is provided with a secondary air inlet and an ammonia inlet, and the ammonia inlet is connected with an ammonia inlet of the ammonia decomposition device.
4. The ammonia decomposition based hydrogen-loaded low-NOx combustion system of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a heat exchanger, the ammonia decomposition device is provided with a heat exchange jacket, and the flue gas outlet of the combustion device is respectively connected with the heat exchanger and the heat exchange jacket of the ammonia decomposition device.
5. The ammonia decomposition based hydrogen-loaded low-NOx combustion system of claim 1, wherein: the ammonia supply device is connected with the heat exchange device, and the heat exchange device is connected with the ammonia decomposition device.
6. The ammonia decomposition based hydrogen-loaded low-NOx combustion system of claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the ammonia decomposition gas introduced into the first combustion zone and the second combustion zone is preferably 4: 1.
7. The ammonia decomposition based hydrogen-loaded low-NOx combustion system of claim 1, wherein: the decomposition ratio of ammonia in the ammonia decomposition gas introduced into the first combustion zone is preferably 0.4 to 0.5.
8. A method for low-nitrogen combustion using the ammonia decomposition based hydrogen-doped low-nitrogen combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:
part of ammonia decomposition gas and air form primary air, the primary air enters a first combustion area to be combusted, and the ammonia decomposition gas is only a mixed gas of hydrogen and ammonia;
the residual ammonia decomposition gas and air form secondary air which enters a second combustion area for combustion;
and (4) allowing the undecomposed ammonia gas to enter an ammonia gas outlet of the second combustion area for reduction reaction, and finally obtaining the flue gas.
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