CN112901179B - Carbon dioxide pneumatic rock breaking method based on creation of free surface in tunnel - Google Patents
Carbon dioxide pneumatic rock breaking method based on creation of free surface in tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN112901179B CN112901179B CN202110111384.4A CN202110111384A CN112901179B CN 112901179 B CN112901179 B CN 112901179B CN 202110111384 A CN202110111384 A CN 202110111384A CN 112901179 B CN112901179 B CN 112901179B
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon dioxide pneumatic rock breaking method based on creating a free face in a tunnel. The upper step is horizontally drilled, the upper step is divided into an induction hole and an air explosion hole according to the function of the upper step, the induction hole is centered, no substance is filled in the hole, and a cavity type temporary surface is created in surrounding rock. The gas explosion holes are arranged at the periphery in multiple layers by taking the induced holes as the center, carbon dioxide cracking devices are filled in the holes, and after the gas explosion is initiated, the surrounding rock of the upper step is presplitted into fragments towards the cavity type empty face; the lower step is lagged by a certain distance and is processed in a vertical slope mode, the vertical slope is taken as a temporary face, two rows of vertical drilling holes are arranged on the top surface, carbon dioxide cracking devices are filled in the holes, and after the carbon dioxide cracking devices are excited and exploded, surrounding rocks of the lower step are presplitted into fragments towards the slope type temporary face. The invention creates two types of free surfaces, improves the rock breaking effect and safety, and reduces the comprehensive cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a carbon dioxide pneumatic rock breaking method based on creating a free face in a tunnel.
Background
China is a large country for tunnel engineering construction in the world. Tunnel engineering is increasingly working under or sideways through building conditions. In urban areas, the ground construction is very complex, and tunnels even need to be penetrated by some dangerous houses or ancient cultural relics sensitive building (construction) structures; in addition, as the national railway network and the highway network are gradually perfected, the condition that the tunnels pass through the railway and the highway is quite large. Under such working conditions, tunnel construction must take into consideration the influence of deformation, vibration, noise, bearing capacity and the like, and control within the allowable range of surrounding building (construction) to avoid safety accidents and civil disputes.
Currently, two main methods of drilling and blasting and mechanical excavation are available for tunnel excavation. The drilling and blasting method has the remarkable defects of overlarge vibration, overproof deformation, noise pollution and the like due to high power of the high explosive, and has poor safety and general prohibition of being adopted for working conditions of tunnel underpass or side-through sensitive building (construction). The mechanical excavation methods such as the vibrating hammer have the defects of slow progress, low efficacy, high comprehensive cost and the like.
The carbon dioxide pneumatic rock breaking technology has the characteristics of small vibration and low noise, and provides a new thought for solving the problem of excavation of bedrock of a tunnel underpass or side-through building (construction). However, the space in the tunnel is limited, surrounding rocks have a constraint effect on the tunnel face, and if the tunnel is constructed by referring to the method of blasting with common explosives, the blasting effect is poor due to lack of a free face, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: in the prior art, a free face is lacking in a bedrock tunnel, the pneumatic carbon dioxide rock breaking effect is poor, the comprehensive cost is high, and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a carbon dioxide pneumatic rock breaking method based on creating a free face in a tunnel, which comprises the following operation steps:
(1) Dividing the tunnel face of the bedrock tunnel into an upper step and a lower step, setting an upper step boundary line and a lower step boundary line, dividing the tunnel face into an upper step and a lower step, drilling an induction hole in the center of the upper step, creating a cavity type temporary face, opening holes around the induction hole, filling a carbon dioxide crack generator in the holes, triggering blasting after hole sealing, and deslagging after surrounding rock of the upper step is broken;
(2) Constructing an initial support of an upper step;
(3) In the lower step of the tunnel face, according to the vertical side slope treatment, taking a vertical face as a temporary face, vertically downwards drilling a hole on the top face, filling a carbon dioxide fracturing device in the drilled hole, after hole sealing, triggering blasting, and after surrounding rock of the lower step is broken, deslagging;
(4) Constructing an initial support of a lower step, and backfilling a secondary lining, an inverted arch and an inverted arch;
(5) According to the above steps, the circulating water operation of the up-and-down steps is advanced.
In the step (1), guiding holes are arranged on the upper step in a parallel direction, the guiding holes are perpendicular to the face of the upper step, multiple layers of drilling holes are arranged around the periphery of the guiding holes in a layering mode by taking the guiding holes as circle centers, and each layer of drilling holes comprises multiple drilling holes.
Specifically, the pilot holes are positioned below the center of the upper step, the number of the pilot holes is one or more, and the diameter of the pilot holes is larger than or equal to 150mm. The inducing holes are not filled with any substances, so that cavity-type temporary faces are created, and surrounding rocks are induced to be broken towards the weak temporary faces.
Further, among the multiple layers of drill holes circumferentially arranged outside the induction hole, the first layer of drill hole closest to the induction hole is a cut hole, and the cut hole is focused towards the center of the induction hole at an inclination angle of 30-45 degrees; the other drilling holes are not provided with inclination angles and are arranged in parallel with the induction holes. Specifically, the cut hole is first excited to blast, and under the action of the component force of the parallel face, the surrounding rock is broken towards the hollow cavity type temporary face of the induced hole, and under the action of the component force of the direction perpendicular to the face, the broken surrounding rock is 'spitted' towards the face to create a larger temporary face. The cut holes and other holes are small and dense, and are adjusted according to the surrounding rock grade.
Specifically, the induction holes are not filled with any substance and are not sealed; the cut hole and other holes are air explosion holes, and the carbon dioxide cracking device is filled in the cut hole and other holes, and the holes are sealed.
In the upper step, the diameter of the induced hole is larger than that of other holes so as to create a larger cavity-type free surface; the horizontal gas explosion holes have smaller diameter and denser hole distribution, so that the rock breaking effect under the cavity-type temporary surface working condition is improved.
Further, after the upper step undercut hole is excited, other drilling holes are sequentially excited from the inner layer to the outer layer.
In the step (3), the lower step is processed according to an upright side slope, and the face of the lower step is a free face. Two rows of holes are arranged in the vertical direction and are inwards arranged from the face of the lower step, and the first row of holes and the second row of holes of the lower step are arranged in sequence.
Further, the first row of holes of the lower step and the second row of holes of the lower step are air explosion holes, and a carbon dioxide cracker is arranged in each hole and is sealed. The lower step drilling hole has the characteristic of large and sparse, and is adjusted according to the surrounding rock grade.
Further, when the lower step is excited, a first row of holes of the lower step are excited first, and surrounding rock is crushed towards the free surface under the action force of the vertical free surface; and then the second row of drilling holes of the lower step is excited, and surrounding rock is continuously crushed towards the free surface.
Specifically, the hole sealing length of the gas explosion holes in the upper step and the lower step is larger than or equal to 0.5m, so that the hole sealing effect can be ensured, and the flying tube is avoided.
In the invention, the working principle of the pneumatic rock breaking of the carbon dioxide fracturing device is as follows: firstly, placing a solid carbon dioxide fracturing device into a borehole of a bedrock, and sealing the borehole; then, a heating program is started to enable part of solid carbon dioxide to be changed into liquid carbon dioxide, when the pressure is 7.5-10MPa and the temperature is 15-30 ℃, an energy storage material is excited to burn by an exploder, a large amount of heat is instantaneously released, the solid carbon dioxide is instantaneously changed into gas, the volume is instantaneously increased by more than 780 times, the instantaneous pressure is over 1000MPa, the gas instantaneously breaks down a pressure control shear blade of a fracturing device, the pressure control shear blade enters a sealed drilling hole, huge energy continuously extrudes bedrock, and the pressure control shear blade is promoted to be broken towards an empty face.
The invention divides the tunnel face into an upper step and a lower step, the upper step creates a cavity type temporary face through the induced hole, the lower step is processed into an upright side slope, the tunnel face is taken as the temporary face, the blasting condition is improved, the pneumatic rock breaking effect and the safety of carbon dioxide in the tunnel can be obviously improved, and the comprehensive cost is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention has reasonable drilling arrangement, creates a free surface, has simple working procedure and convenient operation, can obviously improve the efficiency of excavating the bedrock tunnel by utilizing the carbon dioxide gas explosion effect, reduces the comprehensive cost, has high operation safety, and is particularly suitable for the working condition of the tunnel underpass or side-through sensitive building (construction).
Drawings
Fig. 1: a schematic vertical section of a bedrock tunnel excavation drilling layout in example 1.
Fig. 2: a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper step drilling arrangement in example 1.
Fig. 3: a top view of the lower step drilling arrangement in example 1.
The device comprises a guide hole 1, a cut hole 2, a hole 3, other holes, a boundary line of an upper step and a lower step, a central line of a tunnel 5, a tunnel 6, a tunnel excavation outline line 7, a radial interval of the upper step, a tangential interval of the upper step, a tunnel face 9, a first row of holes 10, a second row of holes 11, a transverse interval of the lower step, a longitudinal interval of the holes 13, an upper step, a tunnel face 14, an initial support 15, a secondary lining 16, a back filling 17, and an inverted arch 18.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail by specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a longitudinal section view of a bedrock tunnel excavation is shown, along the tunneling direction of the tunnel, the excavation of the bedrock tunnel is divided into an upper step and a lower step, wherein 14 is an upper step face, and 9 is a lower step face, and the upper step face and the lower step face are regarded as upright faces of side slopes, namely, empty faces.
On the upper step, an induction hole 1, a cut hole 2 and other holes 3 are arranged perpendicular to the tunnel face 14, wherein the induction hole 1 and the other holes 3 are holes horizontally arranged, and the cut hole 2 is a hole obliquely focused to the induction hole 1.
At the lower step, a lower step first row of holes 10 and a lower step second row of holes 11 are arranged vertically downwards from the top surface.
And constructing a tunnel structure at the excavated part of the tunnel. The surrounding is close to surrounding rock and is provided with an initial support 15, and a secondary lining 16, an inverted arch 18 and an inverted arch backfill 17 are also poured inside. The tunnel structure can strengthen the support and prevent collapse.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a method for pneumatically breaking rock in a tunnel based on carbon dioxide for creating a free surface comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Dividing the tunnel face of the bedrock tunnel into an upper step and a lower step, taking an upper step boundary line 4 as a boundary line, respectively setting the upper step and the lower step, drilling a horizontal induced hole 1 in the center of the upper step to create a cavity type free face, drilling horizontal gas explosion holes 2 and 3 around the hollow type free face, filling carbon dioxide cracking devices in the gas explosion holes 2 and 3, sealing the holes, then triggering blasting, and crushing surrounding rock of the upper step and then deslagging;
(2) Constructing an initial support of an upper step;
(3) The lower step of the working face is treated according to an upright slope, the working face 9 of the lower step of the upright face is taken as a temporary face, vertical gas explosion holes 10 and 11 are drilled in the top face, a carbon dioxide cracking device is filled in the holes, blasting is excited after hole sealing, and slag is discharged after surrounding rock of the lower step is broken;
(4) Constructing a lower step primary support, a secondary lining 16, an inverted arch 18 and an inverted arch backfill 17;
(5) According to the above steps, the circulating water operation of the up-and-down steps is advanced.
Wherein, the step (1) is implemented according to the following steps:
first, at the center of the step on the face, the induction holes 1 are drilled along the horizontal direction, and the number of the induction holes 1 is one. The diameter of the induction hole 1 is 150mm or more, no substances are filled, a cavity type temporary face is created, and surrounding rock can be induced to be crushed towards the weak temporary face.
Then, a plurality of layers of air explosion holes 2 and 3 are arranged around the induced hole 1, and the innermost layer is a cut hole 2. The cut hole 2 focuses towards the center of the induction hole 1 at an inclined angle of 30-45 degrees, so that surrounding rock can be broken towards the empty cavity surface of the induction hole 1 under the action of the component force of the parallel tunnel surface, and fragments can be 'spitted' towards the tunnel surface under the action of the component force of the direction perpendicular to the tunnel surface, so that a larger empty surface is created. The other bores 3 are arranged in a horizontal direction.
The length of the drilling hole is 0.8-2.0m, the surrounding rock grade is high according to the surrounding rock grade adjustment, the rock mass is weak or the crack develops, the self-stabilizing capability is weak, and a small value is needed to prevent the longitudinal footage from being too large and collapse from occurring under the condition of no support. The surrounding rock is low in grade, the rock mass is hard or cracks do not develop, the self-stabilizing capability is strong, and a large value is needed to be taken, so that the excavation speed is increased, and the efficacy is improved. The preferred length of the V-class surrounding rock drilling holes is 0.8m, the preferred length of the IV-class surrounding rock drilling holes is 1.0m, the preferred length of the III-class surrounding rock drilling holes is 1.5m, and the preferred length of the II-class or I-class surrounding rock drilling holes is 2.0m.
The holes are uniformly distributed, the radial distance 7 of the holes on the upper step and the tangential distance 8 of the holes on the upper step are 0.8-1.2m, the surrounding rock grade is high according to the surrounding rock grade adjustment, and the rock body is weak or cracks develop, so that the gas explosion energy is completely consumed, and the efficiency is improved. The surrounding rock is low in grade, the rock mass is hard or cracks do not develop, and small values should be taken so as to ensure that the gas explosion energy is sufficient to break the rock mass. The preferred spacing of the V-stage surrounding rock drilling holes is 1.2m, the preferred spacing of the IV-stage surrounding rock drilling holes is 1.0m, and the preferred length of the III-stage, II-stage or I-stage surrounding rock drilling holes is 0.8m.
The diameters of the air explosion holes 2 and 3 are preferably 60mm, and the holes are small and dense, so that the explosion effect under the cavity-type temporary working condition is improved.
Then, a carbon dioxide cracker is put into the gas explosion hole. The diameter of the carbon dioxide fracturing device is 50mm and is 10mm smaller than that of the drilling hole, so that the carbon dioxide fracturing device can be placed into the drilling hole smoothly. The length of the carbon dioxide cracker was tailored to the borehole length, 0.5m shorter than the borehole length.
Then, sealing the drill holes 2 and 3 by using sealing mud, wherein the length of the sealing mud is not less than 0.5m, and the strength of the sealing mud can reach more than 20Mpa within 10 minutes, so that the sealing effect is ensured, and a fly pipe is avoided.
Then, a heating program is started to change the solid carbon dioxide in the fracturing device into liquid carbon dioxide, and an initiator is adopted for excitation when the pressure is 7.5-10MPa and the temperature is 15-30 ℃. The cut holes 2 are first excited, and the other holes 3 are sequentially excited from inside to outside at intervals of 30 seconds.
After all excitation, tapping is carried out by a loading machine weighting type truck.
Wherein, the step (3) is implemented according to the following steps:
first, the lower step of the face is regarded as an upright slope, and the upper step face 9 is a free face. The first row of holes 10 is drilled vertically downward and the second row of holes 11 is drilled vertically downward.
The transverse distance 12 of the lower step holes between the first row of lower step holes 10 and the second row of lower step holes 11 and the longitudinal distance 13 of the lower step holes are 1.5m-2m, and the surrounding rock grade is high according to the surrounding rock grade, so that the rock mass is weak or cracks develop, and the value should be large, so that the air explosion energy is completely consumed, and the efficiency is improved. The surrounding rock is low in grade, the rock mass is hard or cracks do not develop, and small values should be taken so as to ensure that the gas explosion energy is sufficient to break the rock mass. The preferred spacing of the V-stage surrounding rock drilling holes is 2m, the preferred spacing of the IV-stage surrounding rock drilling holes is 1.8m, and the preferred length of the III-stage, II-stage or I-stage surrounding rock drilling holes is 1.5m.
The lengths of the first row of holes 10 and the second row of holes 11 extend 5cm below the bottom of the tunnel to ensure that the excavation profile meets the design requirements.
The diameters of the first row of holes 10 and the second row of holes 11 are preferably 110mm, and a fracturing device with the diameter of 100mm is adopted, so that the holes are large and sparse, and the blasting efficiency under the working condition of a large vertical type free surface is improved.
Then, a carbon dioxide cracker is put into the gas explosion hole. The length of the carbon dioxide cracker was tailored to the borehole length, 0.5m shorter than the borehole length.
Then, the first row of holes 10 and the second row of holes 11 are sealed by sealing mud, the length of the sealing mud is not less than 0.5m, the strength of the sealing mud can reach more than 20Mpa within 10 minutes, the sealing effect is ensured, and a fly pipe is avoided.
Then, a heating program is started to change the solid carbon dioxide in the fracturing device into liquid carbon dioxide, and an initiator is adopted for excitation when the pressure is 7.5-10MPa and the temperature is 15-30 ℃. The first row of holes 10 for the lower step are activated at 30 seconds intervals, and the second row of holes 11 for the lower step are activated.
After all excitation, tapping is carried out by a loading machine weighting type truck.
In the embodiment 1, compared with the traditional high explosive, the invention has the advantages of mild power, small vibration and noise and high safety under the working condition of tunneling or lateral penetration of sensitive building (construction); meanwhile, large-diameter induced holes are drilled on the tunnel face in a step mode, and a cavity type temporary face is created. The lower step is treated as an upright slope, the drilling direction is changed, an upright empty face is created, the blasting condition is greatly improved, the pneumatic rock breaking effect of carbon dioxide in the tunnel is obviously improved, and the comprehensive cost is reduced.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, if the induced hole 1 is not arranged, the carbon dioxide pneumatic rock breaking power of the upper step is insufficient to damage the complete tunnel face because of no empty face, the blasting effect is poor, and the rock breaking can not be basically successfully performed.
Example 3
On the basis of embodiment 1, if the cut hole 2 is not focused to the induction hole 1 by setting a certain inclination angle, that is, the positions of the cut hole 2 and the induction hole 1 are horizontal, broken surrounding rock cannot be thrown out of the face after the cut hole 2 is excited to blast, and the face cannot be enlarged continuously, so that the blasting effect of other subsequent holes 3 is affected.
Example 4
On the basis of the embodiment 1, if other drilling holes 3 are provided with a certain inclination angle to focus on the induction hole 1, the blasting effect is good, but the outer contour of the tunnel cannot meet the design requirement.
Example 5
On the basis of the embodiment 1, if the face is not divided into an upper step and a lower step, horizontal drilling holes are all required to be arranged, under the action of gravity, the lower surrounding rock is subjected to larger pressure of the upper surrounding rock, and the cavity type free face is relatively larger than the free face without standing, so that the blasting effect is much poorer.
Example 6
On the basis of the embodiment 1, if the face is divided into an upper step and a lower step, but the face is drilled horizontally, the top surface is used as a temporary surface, under the action of gravity, the surrounding rock of the lower step is subjected to larger pressure of the surrounding rock of the upper step, and when the height exceeds 3m, the blasting effect is more poor.
Example 7
On the basis of the embodiment 1, if horizontal gas explosion holes adopt large-diameter drilling holes and the drilling hole spacing is increased, the explosion effect is not as small as that of dense hole distribution under the working condition of a cavity type free face.
Example 8
On the basis of the embodiment 1, if the vertical gas explosion holes adopt small-diameter drilling holes and the drilling interval is reduced, the explosion effect is not as large as the sparse hole distribution effect under the working condition of the vertical type free surface.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the design concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A carbon dioxide pneumatic rock breaking method based on creating a free face in a tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following operation steps:
(1) Dividing a bedrock tunnel face into an upper part and a lower part, arranging an upper step boundary line and a lower step boundary line, dividing the tunnel face into an upper step and a lower step, arranging induction holes in a parallel direction on the upper step, arranging a plurality of layers of drill holes around the periphery of the induction holes in a layering manner by taking the induction holes as circle centers, and focusing a cut hole at an inclination angle of 30-45 degrees towards the center of the induction holes in the plurality of layers of drill holes around the periphery of the induction holes, wherein the first layer of drill holes closest to the induction holes are cut holes; other drilling holes are not provided with inclination angles and are arranged in parallel with the induction holes, each layer of drilling holes comprises a plurality of drilling holes, a cavity type free face is created, drilling holes are formed around the induction holes, a fracturing device is filled in the drilling holes, the fracturing device is excited after hole sealing, slag is discharged after surrounding rock of an upper step is broken, when the upper step is excited, a slotted hole is excited first, and other drilling holes are excited from an inner layer to an outer layer in sequence;
(2) Constructing an initial support of an upper step;
(3) In the lower step of the tunnel face, taking the vertical face as a temporary face, drilling a vertical drill hole on the top face, filling a carbon dioxide fracturing device in the drill hole, after hole sealing, triggering blasting, and after surrounding rock of the lower step is broken, deslagging;
(4) Constructing an initial support of a lower step, and backfilling a secondary lining, an inverted arch and an inverted arch;
(5) According to the above steps, the circulating water operation of the up-and-down steps is advanced.
2. A method of breaking rock according to claim 1, wherein: the guide holes are positioned at the lower position of the center of the upper step, the number of the guide holes is one or more, and the diameter of the guide holes is larger than or equal to 150mm.
3. A method of breaking rock according to claim 2, wherein: the induction holes are not filled with any substances and are not sealed; the cut hole and other holes are air explosion holes, and the carbon dioxide cracking device is filled in the cut hole and other holes, and the holes are sealed.
4. A method of breaking rock according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), two rows of holes are arranged on the lower step in the vertical direction, and the holes are a first row of holes and a second row of holes in the lower step in sequence from the face of the lower step inwards.
5. A method of breaking rock according to claim 4, wherein: the first row of holes on the lower step and the second row of holes on the lower step are gas explosion holes, and the holes are filled with carbon dioxide cracking devices and sealed.
6. A method of breaking rock according to claim 5, wherein: when the lower step is excited, the first row of holes of the lower step are excited first, and then the second row of holes of the lower step are excited.
7. A method of breaking rock according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the sealing length of the gas explosion hole is not less than 0.5m.
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| CN113605891B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-11-24 | 江苏夏谷科技有限公司 | Intelligent multifunctional vehicle for pneumatic rock breaking construction of solid carbon dioxide and application method of intelligent multifunctional vehicle |
| CN114278308A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-04-05 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Underground tunnel carbon dioxide fracturing device excavation hole distribution structure and excavation method |
| CN114396839A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-26 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Municipal engineering hard rock tunnel carbon dioxide fracturing device excavation blast hole arrangement structure and blasting excavation process |
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| CN107063009A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-08-18 | 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司 | A kind of micro- blasting technology that shakes of subway two-wire longspan tunnel |
| CN107044284A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-08-15 | 四川川交路桥有限责任公司 | A kind of mountain tunnel mechanized construction method based on high-pressure carbon dioxide fracturing |
| CN109736827B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-01-31 | 中南大学 | Method for excavating urban subway hard rock stratum communication channel by high-pressure gas expansion fracturing |
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