CN112876921B - 具有吸水粉体的油性防火涂料及其制作工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有吸水粉体的油性防火涂料及其制作工艺,由热塑性树脂、聚苯硫醚多孔吸水粉、醋酸丁酯、聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、季戊四醇、钛白粉、短切纤维、分散剂等材料混合而成。本发明采用经过特殊微观结构改型的高分子材料作为重要原料,不属于无机物,不会在防火涂料发泡时抑制其发泡,相反还可以增加残碳量,使防火涂料的碳层增加强度,水分的脱附温度与防火涂料中的酸源分解温度匹配,水分脱附后汽化成水蒸气,作为气源促进防火涂料发泡,并且大量吸收热量,使被保护的钢铁基材温升缓慢。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及涂料技术领域,尤其涉及一种具有吸水粉体的油性防火涂料及其制作工艺,以及用于该具有吸水粉体的油性防火涂料的有机高分子多孔吸水粉的制作工艺。
背景技术:
目前市场上的防火涂料中一般会添加无机矿物填料以增加燃烧后碳层的强度,添加量过多会导致碳层发泡倍率降低,而且如果添加热分解无机材料,分解温度很高,对防火涂料的吸热作用不大。
发明内容:
本发明提供一种具有吸水粉体的油性防火涂料及其制作工艺,能够大大增强油性涂料的强度,同时可以吸收大量热量,使被保护的钢铁基材温升缓慢。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的:
本发明提供一种具有吸水粉体的油性防火涂,各组分的质量百分含量如下:热塑性树脂10-15%、聚苯硫醚多孔吸水粉5-15%、醋酸丁酯15-20%、聚磷酸铵20-30%、三聚氰胺15-20%、季戊四醇15-20%、钛白粉3-6%、短切纤维1-2%、余量为加工助剂。
为了获得与防火涂料匹配的熔融温度,可以选择不同融化温度的树脂,但要注意树脂必须能耐氢氟酸腐蚀,因此作为优选,所述热塑性树脂为丙烯酸树脂、高氯化聚乙烯、氯化橡胶中的一种。另外,如果是溶剂型防火涂料,必须确定上述粉末所用树脂可以耐溶剂侵蚀。
由于油性油漆中含有溶剂,因此选用不溶于溶剂的聚苯硫醚多孔吸水粉,所述聚苯硫醚多孔吸水粉的制作工艺如下:
(1)将纳米二氧化硅粉末置于容器中,滴加不超过0.03%的油酸,然后放进球磨机或高速密闭搅拌机中分散,到粉末颗粒目测不结团为止;
(2)将上述处理好的纳米二氧化硅粉末与聚苯硫醚混合,配合比例(聚苯硫醚:纳米二氧化硅=100:5~15),混匀后一起造粒,经螺杆机挤出后切粒;
(3)将粒子在粉碎机中冷冻粉碎,筛分出400目以上的细粉,粗颗粒继续粉碎,直到全部过400目;
(4)将粉末至于氢氟酸中,洗去二氧化硅,得到表面满布纳米级的细孔;
(5)将上述酸洗后的聚苯硫醚细粉再碱洗,再清水洗至PH为中性,抽滤出料;
(6)将滤料在60℃下缓慢烘干,重新打散结团粉末至均匀分散粉末状,备用。
本发明还提供一种上述具有吸水粉体的油性防火涂料的制作工艺,包括如下步骤:将配方量热塑性树脂溶于配方80%的醋酸丁酯中,获得粘稠树脂液;将除短切纤维外的其它物料投入其中,高速分散至均匀;用剩余的醋酸丁酯调整体系粘度;然后慢慢加入短切纤维,在捏合机中捏合得到膏状体的防火涂料。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明采用经过特殊微观结构改型的高分子材料作为重要原料,这种材料表面密布纳米开口孔,孔内吸附满水分,与分子筛的原理类似,当燃烧发生时,水分约在300℃左右脱附失去,残留的有机高分子躯壳熔融脱水碳化,成为碳层的一部分,这个材料与市场上现有的分子筛原粉相比,不属于无机物,不会在防火涂料发泡时抑制其发泡,相反还可以增加残碳量,使防火涂料的碳层增加强度,水分的脱附温度与防火涂料中的酸源分解温度匹配,水分脱附后汽化成水蒸气,作为气源促进防火涂料发泡,并且大量吸收热量,使被保护的钢铁基材温升缓慢。
附图说明:
图1为本发明的燃烧试验结果曲线图。
具体实施方式:
下面对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述,以使本发明的优点和特征能更易被本领域人员理解,从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
实施例1:
聚苯硫醚多孔吸水粉制备:
将纳米二氧化硅粉末置于容器中,滴加不超过0.03%的油酸,然后放进球磨机或高速密闭搅拌机中分散,到粉末颗粒目测不结团为止。
将上述处理好的纳米二氧化硅粉末与聚苯硫醚混合,配合比例(聚苯硫醚:纳米二氧化硅=100:5~15),混匀后一起造粒,经螺杆机挤出后切粒。
将粒子在粉碎机中粉碎,筛分出400目以上的细粉,粗颗粒继续粉碎,直到全部过400目。
将粉末至于氢氟酸中,洗去二氧化硅,得到表面满布纳米级的细孔。
将上述酸洗后的聚苯硫醚再碱洗,再清水洗至PH为中性,抽滤出料。
将滤料在60℃下缓慢烘干,重新打散结团粉末至均匀分散粉末状,备用。
下面以丙烯酸防火涂料(油性涂料)为例:
实施例2:
配方组成:
实施例3:
配方组成:
实施例4:
配方组成:
上述实施例2-4的具有吸水粉体的油性防火涂料的制作工艺如下:
将上述配方量丙烯酸树脂溶于配方中约80%的醋酸丁酯中,获得粘稠树脂液,将除短切碳纤维外的其它物料投入其中,高速分散至均匀,用剩余的醋酸丁酯调整体系粘度,然后慢慢加入短切碳纤维,在捏合机中捏合得到类似于膏状体的防火涂料。
将实施例4中的具有吸水粉体的油性防火涂料记作试样1,另外,同样的工艺制得空白样(不含聚苯硫醚多孔吸水粉),记作空白样。
将试样1与空白样对比:
制板:将上述两种防火涂料无气喷涂喷于3mm厚带防锈底漆的钢板至上,每道湿膜1mm,待前道涂层干燥后喷涂后道,总计三道,干膜厚度2~3mm。
1、耐水性:
试样1 浸泡48小时,无异常。
空白样浸泡48小时,无异常。
2、附着力(拉脱法):平均值
试样1 0.91MPa。
空白样 1.19MPa。
以上可见,常规性能比较中,添加聚苯硫醚多孔吸水粉的防火涂料与空白样1对比没有什么变化,并无不良效应。
3、燃烧试验结果:
如图1所示的曲线,没有添加吸水粉的空白样在92min左右到达580℃时,添加了吸水粉的试样1在100min后到达580℃。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种具有吸水粉体的油性防火涂料,其特征在于,各组分的质量百分含量如下:热塑性树脂10-15%、聚苯硫醚多孔吸水粉5-15%、醋酸丁酯15-20%、聚磷酸铵20-30%、三聚氰胺15-20%、季戊四醇15-20%、钛白粉3-6%、短切纤维1-2%、余量为加工助剂;
所述热塑性树脂为丙烯酸树脂、高氯化聚乙烯、氯化橡胶中的一种;
所述聚苯硫醚多孔吸水粉的制作工艺如下:
(1)将纳米二氧化硅粉末置于容器中,滴加不超过0.03%的油酸,然后放进球磨机或高速密闭搅拌机中分散,到粉末颗粒不结团为止,得到处理好的纳米二氧化硅粉末;
(2)将上述处理好的纳米二氧化硅粉末与聚苯硫醚混合,混匀后一起造粒,经螺杆机挤出后切粒;
(3)将切粒后的粒子在粉碎机中冷冻粉碎,得到细粉,筛分出400目以上的细粉,粗颗粒继续粉碎,直到全部过400目;
(4)将细粉至于氢氟酸中,洗去二氧化硅,得到表面满布纳米级细孔的聚苯硫醚细粉;
(5)将上述氢氟酸洗后的聚苯硫醚细粉再碱洗,再清水洗至PH为中性,抽滤出料;
(6)将滤料在60℃下缓慢烘干,重新打散结团粉末至均匀分散粉末状,备用。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的具有吸水粉体的油性防火涂料的制作工艺,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将配方量热塑性树脂溶于配方80%的醋酸丁酯中,获得粘稠树脂液;将除短切纤维外的其它物料投入其中,高速分散至均匀;用剩余的醋酸丁酯调整体系粘度;然后慢慢加入短切纤维,在捏合机中捏合得到膏状体的防火涂料。
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CN1709996A (zh) * | 2005-07-07 | 2005-12-21 | 复旦大学 | 一种低烟超薄膨胀型钢结构防火涂料及其制备方法 |
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CN1709996A (zh) * | 2005-07-07 | 2005-12-21 | 复旦大学 | 一种低烟超薄膨胀型钢结构防火涂料及其制备方法 |
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