CN112856398B - Primary air control device of double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
Primary air control device of double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN112856398B CN112856398B CN202110002883.XA CN202110002883A CN112856398B CN 112856398 B CN112856398 B CN 112856398B CN 202110002883 A CN202110002883 A CN 202110002883A CN 112856398 B CN112856398 B CN 112856398B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
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Abstract
The application discloses a primary air control device of a double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler. The primary air control device comprises: the first subtracter with the input insensitive area, the first proportional differential regulator, the first adder, the first subtracter, the first PID regulator, the first operator, the subtracter with the second input insensitive area, the second proportional differential regulator, the second adder, the second subtracter, the second PID regulator, the second operator, the primary air volume offset value regulating module and the primary air volume target value calculating module are connected with each other, so that the primary air volumes of the primary air fans on the first side and the second side can be respectively regulated, the primary air volume on one side is prevented from being overlarge, the risk of turning over a bed is reduced, and the problem in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers, in particular to a primary air control device of a double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Background
The enlargement is one of the main development directions of the current circulating fluidized bed boiler. In the course of the large-scale development, a double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler is produced. As shown in fig. 1, the structure of the double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler is schematically shown, wherein the double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a left air distribution plate and a right air distribution plate (also called as a "bed"), the left air distribution plate and the right air distribution plate are respectively connected with air chambers at the left side and the right side, and primary air can be blown into the corresponding air chambers through primary air fans at the left side and the right side.
In the combustion process of the double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler, a large amount of granular fuel is arranged on the left bed and the right bed, primary air is blown into corresponding air chambers by the primary air fans on the left side and the right side, and then the primary air is blown into a hearth through air distribution plates on the air chambers, so that the granular fuel is lifted to be suspended in the hearth for fuel. In this process, it is generally necessary to keep the primary air flows of the left and right air distribution plates substantially uniform, so that when the air flow on one side is excessively large, the particulate fuel on the bed on the other side is prevented from being blown onto the bed on the other side, that is, a so-called "turn-over bed". The phenomenon of turning over the bed generally brings great harm to the operation of the double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler, and the improper control can bring great potential safety hazard and economic loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The primary air control device of the double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler can be used for controlling the primary air quantity on two sides and preventing the phenomenon of turning over the bed.
The embodiment of the application provides a primary air control device of a double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler, which comprises: a subtracter with an input dead zone, a first proportional differential regulator, a first adder, a first subtracter, a first PID regulator, a first operator, a subtracter with an input dead zone, a second proportional differential regulator, a second adder, a second subtracter, a second PID regulator, a second operator, a primary air volume offset value regulating module and a primary air volume target value calculating module, wherein:
The positive value input end of the subtracter with the input insensitive area is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the first side, and the negative value input end of the subtracter with the input insensitive area is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the second side;
the output end of the subtracter with the input insensitive area is connected with the input end of the first proportional differential regulator;
the first input end of the first adder is connected with the output end of the first proportional differential regulator, the second input end of the first adder is connected with the output end of the primary air volume target value calculation module, and the third input end of the first adder is connected with the output end of the primary air volume offset value adjustment module;
the positive value input end of the first subtracter is connected with the output end of the first adder, and the negative value input end of the first subtracter is used for inputting primary air detection air quantity of the first side;
the input end of the first PID regulator is connected with the output end of the first subtracter;
the input end of the first operator is connected with the output end of the first PID regulator;
the positive value input end of the subtracter with the input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the second side, and the negative value input end of the subtracter with the input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the first side;
The output end of the subtracter with the input insensitive area is connected with the input end of the second proportional-differential regulator;
the first input end of the second adder is connected with the output end of the second proportional-differential regulator, the second input end of the second adder is connected with the output end of the primary air volume target value calculation module, and the third input end of the second adder is connected with the output end of the primary air volume offset value adjustment module;
the positive value input end of the second subtracter is connected with the output end of the second adder, and the negative value input end of the second subtracter is used for inputting the primary air detection air quantity of the second side;
the input end of the second PID regulator is connected with the output end of the second subtracter;
the input end of the second manipulator is connected with the output end of the second PID regulator.
The above-mentioned at least one technical scheme that this application embodiment adopted can reach following beneficial effect:
the primary air control device of the double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler provided by the embodiment of the application comprises: the first subtracter with the input insensitive area, the first proportional differential regulator, the first adder, the first subtracter, the first PID regulator, the first operator, the subtracter with the second input insensitive area, the second proportional differential regulator, the second adder, the second subtracter, the second PID regulator, the second operator, the primary air volume offset value regulating module and the primary air volume target value calculating module are connected with each other, so that the primary air volumes of the primary air fans on the first side and the second side can be respectively regulated, the primary air volume on one side is prevented from being overlarge, the risk of turning over a bed is reduced, and the problem in the prior art is solved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a dual-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a primary air control device of a dual-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a primary air control device of another dual-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a primary air control device of another dual-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a primary air control device of another dual-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present application and corresponding drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The following describes in detail the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As described above, in the combustion process of the double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler, a large amount of granular fuel is provided on both the left and right beds, and the primary air quantity on both the left and right sides needs to be controlled in order to prevent the occurrence of the turn-over phenomenon. Based on this, the embodiment of the application provides a primary air control device of a double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler, which can be used for solving the technical problem.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein bed pressure monitoring points (respectively, a left bed pressure monitoring point and a right bed pressure monitoring point) are respectively disposed on upper portions of a left bed and a right bed, so as to detect bed pressures on both sides, and the detected bed pressures are used for being input into a primary air control device according to an embodiment of the present application, where the bed pressures can reflect primary air volumes respectively corresponding to the left and right sides.
As shown in fig. 3, the primary air control device of the dual-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: a subtractor 1 with an input dead zone, a first proportional-differential regulator 2, a first adder 3, a first subtractor 4, a first PID regulator 5, a first operator 6, a subtractor 18 with a second input dead zone, a second proportional-differential regulator 19, a second adder 20, a second subtractor 21, a second PID regulator 22, a second operator 23, a primary air volume offset value adjustment module X, and a primary air volume target value calculation module Z, wherein:
The positive input of the subtractor 1 with the first band input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the first side, and the negative input of the subtractor 1 with the first band input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the second side.
The first side may refer to the left side or the right side, and the corresponding second side may refer to the left side or the right side, where the second side refers to the right side when the first side may refer to the left side, or the second side refers to the left side when the first side may refer to the right side.
For the subtracter with the input insensitive area, the subtracter with the input insensitive area is provided with two input ends and one output end, wherein the two input ends are respectively a positive value input end and a negative value input end, the subtracter with the input insensitive area can perform subtraction operation (A-B) on a value (A) input by the positive value input end and a value (B) input by the negative value input end, and the output value of the output end is obtained according to the calculation result of the A-B and the set value of the insensitive area, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
in the case where the absolute value of the difference between a and B is larger than the dead zone set value, the following output values are obtained: when a-B is positive, the output value of the output terminal=a-B-dead zone set value; when a-B is negative, the output value at the output terminal=a-b+ dead zone set point.
In the case where the absolute value of the difference between a and B is less than or equal to the dead zone set value, the resultant output value is 0.
Thus, for the subtractor 1 of the first band input dead zone, after the positive value input end inputs the detected value of the first side of the bed pressure, and the negative value input end inputs the detected value of the second side of the bed pressure, if the detected value of the first side of the bed pressure minus the detected value of the second side of the bed pressure is positive, the output value of the output end of the subtractor 1 of the first band input dead zone is the detected value of the first side of the bed pressure minus the detected value of the second side of the bed pressure, and then the set value of the dead zone is subtracted. If the first side bed pressure detection value minus the second side bed pressure detection value is negative, the output value of the output end of the subtracter 1 with the input dead zone is the first side bed pressure detection value minus the second side bed pressure detection value, and then the dead zone set value is added.
In practical applications, the dead zone setting value of the subtractor 1 with the first band input dead zone may be specifically 1.4 to 1.6, for example, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6 or other values between 1.4 and 1.6 according to actual needs.
The output of the subtracter 1 with an input dead zone in the primary air control device is connected to the input of a first proportional-differential regulator 2.
For a proportional-differential regulator comprising an input and an output, the proportional-differential operation can be performed on the input value of the input to obtain an output value, and the output is performed through the output, wherein: output value of output terminal = input value of input terminal [ proportional amplification factor + (differential time x differential amplification factor)/(differential time + differential amplification factor) ], for example, the proportional amplification factor may be XX, the differential amplification factor may be YY, the differential time may be ZZ, and the input value may be aa.
The input terminal of the first differential-proportional regulator 2 is connected to the output terminal of the subtracter 1 in the first input dead zone, and the output value of the first differential-proportional regulator 2 is calculated by taking the output value of the subtracter 1 in the first input dead zone as the input value.
The first input end of a first adder 3 in the primary air control device is connected with the output end of a first proportional differential regulator 2, the second input end of the first adder 3 is connected with the output end of a primary air volume target value calculation module Z, and the third input end of the first adder 3 is connected with the output end of a primary air volume offset value adjustment module X.
The adder generally has an output terminal and two or more input terminals, and the adder is configured to add the input values of the respective input terminals, thereby setting the result of the addition as the output value of the output terminal.
For example, the first adder 3 has three input ends, which are respectively connected to the output end of the first proportional differential regulator 2, the output end of the primary air volume target value calculation module Z, and the output end of the primary air volume offset value adjustment module X, so that the input values of the three input ends can be added by the first adder 3, and the sum result of the three input ends is used as the output value of the output end of the first adder 3.
The primary air volume target value calculation module Z can be used to calculate a target value of the primary air volume from the unit load. As shown in fig. 4, in practical application, the primary air volume target value calculation module Z may be a broken line function generator 12, where an input end of the broken line function generator 12 is used for inputting the load of the unit, and an output end of the broken line function generator is connected to a second input end of the first adder 3. Thus, the corresponding primary air volume target value is calculated by the polyline function generator 12 according to the unit load quantity input by the input end of the polyline function generator 12, and the primary air volume target value is output by the output end of the polyline function generator 12.
Table 1 below shows a table of correspondence between 300MV double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler unit load and primary air volume target values in practical application, and after receiving an input value of an input end (i.e., the input unit load), the polyline function generator 12 calculates a corresponding primary air volume target value according to the correspondence in table 1, thereby serving as an output value of an output end. For example, the functional relationship (may be a piecewise function of a broken line type) between the unit load amount and the primary air volume target value is calculated from the correspondence relationship in table 1, so that the broken line function generator 12, after receiving the input value of the input terminal, substitutes the input value into the function, and calculates the function value as the primary air volume target value to output.
Table 1:300MW double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler unit load capacity and primary air quantity target value corresponding relation
The positive input end of the first subtracter 4 is connected with the output end of the first adder 3, and the negative input end of the first subtracter 4 is used for inputting the primary air detection air quantity of the first side. The primary air detection air quantity of the first side can be obtained by corresponding detection equipment through actual detection of the primary air quantity of the first side.
In general, a subtracter has two inputs, a positive input and a negative input, respectively, and is capable of subtracting a value input from the positive input and a value input from the negative input, thereby obtaining a subtraction result as an output value of the output.
Therefore, the first subtractor 4 can use the output value of the output end of the first adder 3 as the input value of the positive input end, and use the primary air detection air volume of the first side as the input value of the negative input end, so as to perform subtraction on the input value of the positive input end and the input value of the negative input end, and obtain the subtraction result as the output value of the output end of the first subtractor 4.
The input of the first PID regulator 5 is connected to the output of the first subtractor 4.
The PID regulator includes an input terminal and an output terminal, and is capable of performing proportional, integral and differential operations on an input value of the input terminal to obtain an output value, and outputting the output value through the output terminal. Here, the output value of the output terminal=the input value of the input terminal [ proportional amplification coefficient+1/integration time+ (differential time×differential amplification coefficient)/(differential time+differential amplification coefficient) ], for example, the proportional amplification coefficient may be XX, the differential amplification coefficient may be YY, the differential time may be ZZ, and the input value may be aa.
Therefore, the input terminal of the first PID controller 5 is connected to the output terminal of the first subtractor 4, and the output value of the first PID controller 5 is calculated using the output value of the output terminal of the first subtractor 4 as an input value, and is output from the output terminal thereof.
The input of the first operator 6 is connected to the output of the first PID regulator 5.
In practical application, the operator can calculate the output value according to the input value of the input end and the offset value manually input by the operator. Wherein, the output value of the operator=the input value of the operator+the bias value. The output value of the operator can be used to control the primary air volume to adjust the primary air volume, so that the output end of the first operator 6 can be connected with the primary air volume on the first side, and the output value of the output end of the first operator 6 is input to the primary air volume on the first side to adjust the primary air volume of the primary air volume.
In the primary air control device, a positive input end of the subtracter 18 with an input dead zone is used for inputting a bed pressure detection value of the second side, and a negative input end of the subtracter 18 with an input dead zone is used for inputting a bed pressure detection value of the first side.
Thus, for this second subtractor 18 with input dead zone, after the positive input terminal thereof inputs the second side detected bed pressure value and the negative input terminal inputs the first side detected bed pressure value, if the second side detected bed pressure value minus the first side detected bed pressure value is positive, the output value of the output terminal of this subtractor 18 with input dead zone is the second side detected bed pressure value minus the first side detected bed pressure value, and then subtracted with its dead zone set value. If the second side bed pressure detection value minus the first side bed pressure detection value is negative, the output of the second subtractor 18 with an input dead zone is the second side bed pressure detection value minus the first side bed pressure detection value, and then the dead zone set value is added.
In practical applications, the dead zone setting of the subtractor 18 with the second dead zone input may be 1.4 to 1.6, such as 1.4, 1.5, 1.6 or other values between 1.4 and 1.6, according to practical needs.
In the primary air control device, the output of the subtracter 18 with an input dead zone is connected to the input of the second proportional-differential regulator 19.
The input terminal of the second pid controller 19 is connected to the output terminal of the subtracter 18 with the second input dead zone, and the output value of the subtracter 18 with the second input dead zone is used as the input value, so that the output value of the second pid controller 19 is calculated and output from the output terminal thereof.
The first input end of the second adder 20 is connected to the output end of the second pid controller 19, the second input end of the second adder 20 is connected to the output end of the primary air volume target value calculation module Z, and the third input end of the second adder 20 is connected to the output end of the primary air volume offset value adjustment module X.
The three input ends of the second adder 20 are respectively connected to the output end of the second pid regulator 19, the output end of the primary air volume target value calculation module Z, and the output end of the primary air volume offset value adjustment module X, so that the input values of the three input ends can be added by the second adder 20, and the sum result of the three input ends is used as the output value of the output end of the second adder 20.
The positive input of the second subtractor 21 is connected to the output of the second adder 20, and the negative input of the second subtractor 21 is used for inputting the primary air detection amount of the second side. The primary air volume of the second side can also be obtained by actually detecting the primary air volume of the second side through corresponding detection equipment.
Therefore, the second subtractor 21 can use the output value of the output end of the second adder 20 as the input value of the positive input end, and the primary air detected air volume of the second side as the input value of the negative input end, so as to perform subtraction on the input value of the positive input end and the input value of the negative input end, and obtain the subtraction result as the output value of the output end of the second subtractor 21.
An input of the second PID regulator 22 is connected to an output of the second subtractor 21.
Therefore, the output value of the second PID controller 22 can be calculated by using the output value of the output terminal of the second subtractor 21 as an input value by the second PID controller 22, and output from the output terminal thereof.
An input of the second operator 23 is connected to an output of the second PID regulator 22. Therefore, the output end of the second operator 23 can be connected to the secondary air fan on the second side, and the output value of the output end of the second operator 23 can be input to the secondary air fan on the second side, so that the primary air volume of the secondary air fan can be adjusted.
The primary air control device of the double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler provided by the embodiment of the application comprises: the first subtracter 1 with the input dead zone, the first proportional differential regulator 2, the first adder 3, the first subtracter 4, the first PID regulator 5, the first operator 6, the subtracter 18 with the second input dead zone, the second proportional differential regulator 19, the second adder 20, the second subtracter 21, the second PID regulator 22, the second operator 23, the primary air volume offset value regulating module X and the primary air volume target value calculating module Z can be used for regulating the primary air volume of the primary air fans on the first side and the second side respectively through the connection between the subtractors, so that the primary air volume on one side is prevented from being overlarge, the risk of turning a bed is reduced, and the problem in the prior art is solved.
The primary air volume offset value adjusting module X can be used for automatically calculating the primary air volume offset values of the first side and the second side. As shown in fig. 5, in practical application, the primary air volume offset adjustment module X may include a primary air volume offset first automatic adjustment sub-module X1 and a primary air volume offset second automatic adjustment sub-module X2, where: the output end of the first automatic regulating sub-module X1 of the primary air volume offset value is connected with the third input end of the first adder 3, so that the calculated primary air volume offset value of the first side can be input to the first adder 3; the output terminal of the primary air volume offset value second automatic adjustment sub-module X2 is connected to the third input terminal of the second adder 20, so that the calculated primary air volume offset value on the second side can be input to the second adder 20. In fig. 5, the second input terminals of the first adder 3 and the second adder 20 are also connected to the output terminal of the primary air volume target value calculation module Z, which is not shown in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 5, the first automatic adjustment sub-module X1 for the primary air volume offset value may further include: a third subtractor 7 with an input dead zone, a first integral regulator 8 and a first close-up signal generating subunit X11, wherein:
The positive input of the subtractor 7 with an input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the first side, and the negative input of the subtractor 7 with an input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the second side. In practical applications, the dead zone setting value of the subtractor 7 with an input dead zone may be specifically 0.2 to 0.4, for example, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 or other values between 0.2 and 0.4.
One input of the first integral regulator 8 is connected to the output of the subtractor 7 with the third input dead zone, and the close-up signal input of the first integral regulator 8 is connected to the output of the first close-up signal generating subunit X11.
The primary air volume offset value second automatic adjustment sub-module X2 may further include: a fourth subtractor 17 with an input dead zone, a second integral regulator 15 and a second close-up signal generating subunit X21, wherein:
the positive input end of the subtracter 17 with the input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the second side, and the negative input end of the subtracter 17 with the input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the first side; in practical applications, the dead zone setting value of the subtractor 17 with the fourth input dead zone may be specifically 0.2 to 0.4, for example, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 or other values between 0.2 and 0.4.
One input of the second integral regulator 15 is connected to the output of the subtractor 17 with the input dead zone, and the close-up signal input of the second integral regulator 15 is connected to the output of the second close-up signal generating subunit X21.
For this first close-up signal generating subunit X11, it may be constituted by a comparator 24, a comparator 26 and an and gate 25, wherein the outputs of the comparator 24 and the comparator 26 are connected to the inputs of the and gate 25.
The second closing signal generating subunit X21 may be formed by a comparator 27, a comparator 29 and an and gate 28, wherein the outputs of the comparator 27 and the comparator 29 are connected to the input of the and gate 25.
Wherein, for the AND gate, when the inputs of both of its two inputs are true, the output value of the AND gate output is true, or when at least one of the inputs of its two inputs is false, the output value of the AND gate output is false. For example, when the inputs of the two inputs of the and gate 25 are both true (denoted by "1"), the output of the and gate 25 outputs true (i.e., the output value is "1"); alternatively, when the inputs to at least one input of the AND gate 25 are all false (denoted by "0"), the output of the AND gate 25 outputs false (i.e., the output value is "0").
For comparators, which typically have two inputs and one output, may be used to perform a greater than, less than, or equal to comparison, outputting true (corresponding to an output value of "1") or false (corresponding to an output value of "0"). For example, the comparator 24 may be a larger comparator, one input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the subtractor 7 with the third band input dead zone, and the input value of the other input terminal is "0", when the output value of the subtractor 7 with the third band input dead zone is larger than "0", the output of the comparator 24 is true (i.e., the output value of the comparator 24 is "1"), or when the output value of the subtractor 7 with the third band input dead zone is not larger than "0", the output of the comparator 24 is false (i.e., the output value of the comparator 24 is "0").
As for the comparators 24, 26, 27 and 29, it is possible to adopt the connection as in fig. 5, that is, the first input terminals of the comparators 24, 27 are each connected to the output terminal of the subtractor 7 with the third input dead zone, and the inputs of the second input terminals of the comparators 24 and 27 are both false (input value is "0"). The first input of the comparator 26 is connected to the output of the second integral regulator 15, and the second input has an input value of 0. The first input of the comparator 29 is connected to the output of the first integral regulator 8 and the second input has an input value of 0.
For ease of understanding, the control process of the primary air control device of the double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler shown in fig. 5, in which the dead zone set value of the subtractor 7 for the third zone input dead zone may be set to 0.3, will be described later in connection with a specific example; the dead zone setting of the subtractor 17 with the fourth input dead zone may also be 0.3. The dead zone setting values of the subtracter 1 of the first band input dead zone and the subtracter 18 of the second band input dead zone may both be set to 1.5; the first side may be specifically set to the left side and the second side may be specifically set to the right side.
When the difference between the left and right bed pressures is within + -0.3 kPa, the dead zone setting values of the subtracter 1, the subtracter 18, the subtracter 7 and 17 are lower than the first, second, third and fourth zone input dead zones. In the control process, the unit load is input to a primary air volume target value calculation module Z, and the primary air volume target value calculation module Z calculates a corresponding primary air volume target value according to the unit load; then, the primary air volume target value is input to the first adder 3 and the second adder 20, and no other two input ends of the first adder 3 and the second adder 20 are input (the input is 0); the first adder 3 obtains an output and outputs the output to the first subtractor 4, the first subtractor 4 detects the air volume in combination with the left primary air, an output value is calculated and input to the first PID regulator 5, the output value is output to the first operator 6 after proportional, integral and differential operation, the first operator 6 receives the input value and generates a control signal and sends the control signal to the left primary air converter, and the frequency converter controls the fan rotation speed so as to control the left primary air volume to be near the target value.
Similarly, the second adder 20 obtains the output of the primary air target value calculation module Z, and then outputs the output to the second subtractor 21, the second subtractor 21 detects the air quantity in combination with the right primary air, the calculated output value is input to the second PID regulator 22, the output value is output to the second operator 23 after proportional, integral and differential operations, the second operator 23 receives the input value, and then generates a control signal and sends the control signal to the right primary air converter, and the frequency converter controls the fan rotation speed so as to control the right primary air quantity to be near the target value.
When the difference between the left and right side bed pressures is greater than + -0.3 kPa and less than + -1.5 kPa, the dead zone setting value of the subtracter 1 of the first band input dead zone and the subtracter 18 of the second band input dead zone is lower at this time, but is higher than the dead zone setting value of the subtracter 7 of the third band input dead zone and the subtracter 17 of the fourth band input dead zone, at this time, the subtracter 7 of the third band input dead zone and the subtracter 17 of the fourth band input dead zone will generate corresponding output values, which are output to the first integral regulator 8 and the second integral regulator 15, respectively.
At this time, when the difference between the left bed pressure and the right bed pressure is positive and the output value of the second integral regulator 15 is greater than 0, the first integral regulator 8 is closed and increased, i.e., the primary air volume on the left side is temporarily not allowed to be increased, and the output value generated by the second integral regulator 15 gradually decreases the primary air volume on the right side, and when the output value of the integral regulator 15 is reduced to 0, the closing and increasing signal of the first integral regulator 8 disappears; at this time, if the difference between the left bed pressure and the right bed pressure is still positive, the output value of the first integral regulator 8 is continuously increased from 0 to the left primary air volume gradually according to the integral action until the upper limit is reached (the upper limit is generally set to be 5% of the large output value of the operator according to the unit condition). Alternatively, when the difference between the left bed pressure and the right bed pressure is negative, the adjustment is performed in the opposite manner.
In the automatic adjustment process, when the difference between the left bed pressure and the right bed pressure is a positive value, the first integral regulator 8 is closed and increased, the output of the second integral regulator 15 is gradually reduced to 0, and then the output of the first integral regulator 8 is increased, so that the aim of preventing the bed pressures at two sides from alternately rising is achieved.
When the difference between the bed pressures at the left and right sides is greater than + -1.5 kPa, the subtractors 1, 18, 7 and 17 of the first, second, third and fourth input dead zones, respectively, generate corresponding output values.
At this time, when the difference of the left bed pressure and the right bed pressure is a positive value, the output value of the second proportional-derivative regulator 19 is 0, the first proportional-derivative regulator 2 will generate an output signal proportionally and differentially to increase the primary air volume on the left side, and if the difference of the left bed pressure and the right bed pressure is gradually decreased, the output of the first proportional-derivative regulator 2 will also gradually decrease the primary air volume on the left side, and if the difference of the left bed pressure and the right bed pressure is gradually decreased to 1.5KPa or less, the output value of the first proportional-derivative regulator 2 will gradually decrease to 0. The first proportional-differential regulator 2 outputs 0 if the difference of the right bed pressure and the left bed pressure is a positive value, the second proportional-differential regulator 19 generates an output signal to increase the right-side primary air volume by proportional-differential operation, and the output of the proportional-differential regulator 19 gradually decreases the right-side primary air volume if the difference of the right bed pressure and the left bed pressure gradually decreases, and the output of the proportional-differential regulator 19 gradually decreases to 0 if the difference of the right bed pressure and the left bed pressure gradually decreases to 1.5KPa or less.
In this process, the first proportional differential regulator 2 or the second proportional differential regulator 19 does not include an integrating function, so that when the bed pressure deviation of both sides falls within ±1.5kpa, the output of the proportional differential regulator can become 0 without generating integration accumulation, thereby avoiding the adverse effect on the unit operation caused by the gradual rising of the primary air volumes of both the left and right sides due to the integration process.
In practical applications, manual intervention may also be required, as in some extreme cases. Therefore, the primary air control device may further include a primary air volume offset value first manual adjustment module Y1, as shown in fig. 6, where an input end of the primary air volume offset value first manual adjustment module Y1 is used to input a primary air volume offset value manually input at the first side; the first output end of the primary air volume offset value first manual regulation module Y1 is connected with a tracking switch of the first integral regulator 8, and the second output end of the primary air volume offset value first manual regulation module Y1 is connected with a tracking quantity input end of the first integral regulator 8. In fig. 6, the second input terminals of the first adder 3 and the second adder 20 are also connected to the output terminal of the primary air volume target value calculation module Z, which is not shown in fig. 6.
The first manual air volume offset value adjusting module Y1 may include an or gate 9, a multiplexer 10 and an adder 11, where a first input end of the or gate 9 is used for inputting a first manually inputted air volume increment offset value on the first side (N1 in fig. 6), a second input end is used for inputting a manually inputted air volume decrement offset value on the first side (N2 in fig. 6), and the or gate 9 is used for outputting a true input of the or gate 9 when an input of one of the input ends is true (i.e. there is an input value). The output of the or gate 9 is connected to a tracking switch of the first integral regulator 8.
The multiplexer 10 includes 5 input terminals, wherein the input values of the first, second and third input terminals can be preset, for example, the input values of the first, second and third input terminals are preset to be 0, 0.1 and 0.1 respectively; when the input value of the fourth input end is true, the input value of the second input end is taken as the output value of the multiplexer 10; when the input value of the fourth input terminal is false and the input value of the fifth input terminal is true, the input value of the fifth input terminal is taken as the output value of the multiplexer 10; when the input values of the fourth input terminal and the fifth input terminal are false, the input value of the first input terminal is taken as the output value of the multiplexer 10.
In the primary air volume offset value first manual adjustment module Y1, N1 is taken as an input value of the fourth input terminal of the multiplexer 10, and N2 is taken as an input value of the fifth input terminal of the multiplexer 10. And the output of the multiplexer 10 is connected to one input of an adder 11, the other input (C in fig. 6) of the adder 11 being connected to the output of the first integral regulator 8. The output of the adder 11 is connected to the tracking quantity input of the first integral regulator 8.
As shown in fig. 6, the primary air control device may further include: the input end of the primary air volume offset value second manual adjustment module Y2 is used for inputting the primary air volume offset value manually input at the second side; the first output end of the primary air volume offset value second manual adjusting module Y2 is connected with a tracking switch of the second integral regulator 15, and the second output end of the primary air volume offset value second manual adjusting module Y2 is connected with a tracking quantity input end of the second integral regulator 15.
The second manual adjustment module Y2 may include an or gate 16, a multiplexer 13, and an adder 14, where a first input terminal of the or gate 16 is used for inputting a second manually inputted primary air volume increment offset value (M1 in fig. 6), and a second input terminal is used for inputting a second manually inputted primary air volume decrement offset value (M2 in fig. 6). The output of the or gate 16 is connected to a tracking switch of the second integral regulator 15.
The multiplexer 13 also includes 5 inputs, wherein the input values of the first, second and third inputs may be preset, for example, the input values of the first, second and third inputs are preset to 0, 0.1 and 0.1, respectively; when the input value of the fourth input end is true, the input value of the second input end is taken as the output value of the multiplexer 13; when the input value of the fourth input terminal is false and the input value of the fifth input terminal is true, the input value of the fifth input terminal is taken as the output value of the multiplexer 13; when the input values of the fourth input terminal and the fifth input terminal are false, the input value of the first input terminal is taken as the output value of the multiplexer 13.
In the primary air volume offset value second manual adjustment module Y2, M1 is used as an input value of the fourth input terminal of the multiplexer 13, and M2 is used as an input value of the fifth input terminal of the multiplexer 13. And the output of the multiplexer 10 is connected to one input of an adder 14, the other input (D in fig. 6) of the adder 14 being connected to the output of a second integral regulator 15. The output of the adder 13 is connected to the tracking quantity input of the second integral regulator 15.
With the primary air control device shown in fig. 6, the operator can also manually intervene in the primary air volume by pressing the increase or decrease offset buttons on the left and right sides to input N1, N2, M1, or M2 in some cases. For example, the tracking switch of the first integral regulator 8 is set to be true, and the output value of the multiplexer 10 and the output value of the first integral regulator 8 are overlapped to form a gradually increasing or gradually decreasing signal, and each functional block after passing is sent to the primary fan frequency converter to adjust the primary air quantity value, so that the purpose of balancing the left side bed pressure and the right side bed pressure is achieved.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises an element.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which are within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A primary air control device of a double-bed circulating fluidized bed boiler, characterized by comprising: a subtracter (1) with an input dead zone, a first proportional differential regulator (2), a first adder (3), a first subtracter (4), a first PID regulator (5), a first operator (6), a subtracter (18) with a second input dead zone, a second proportional differential regulator (19), a second adder (20), a second subtracter (21), a second PID regulator (22), a second operator (23), a primary air volume offset value regulating module (X) and a primary air volume target value calculating module (Z), wherein:
the positive value input end of the subtracter (1) with the input insensitive area is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the first side, and the negative value input end of the subtracter (1) with the input insensitive area is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the second side;
The output end of the subtracter (1) with the input insensitive area is connected with the input end of the first proportional differential regulator (2);
the first input end of the first adder (3) is connected with the output end of the first proportional differential regulator (2), the second input end of the first adder (3) is connected with the output end of the primary air volume target value calculation module (Z), and the third input end of the first adder (3) is connected with the output end of the primary air volume offset value regulation module (X);
the positive value input end of the first subtracter (4) is connected with the output end of the first adder (3), and the negative value input end of the first subtracter (4) is used for inputting primary air detection air quantity of the first side;
the input end of the first PID regulator (5) is connected with the output end of the first subtracter (4);
the input end of the first manipulator (6) is connected with the output end of the first PID regulator (5);
the positive input end of the subtracter (18) with the input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the second side, and the negative input end of the subtracter (18) with the input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the first side;
the output end of the subtracter (18) with the input dead zone is connected with the input end of the second proportional differential regulator (19);
The first input end of the second adder (20) is connected with the output end of the second proportional-differential regulator (19), the second input end of the second adder (20) is connected with the output end of the primary air volume target value calculation module (Z), and the third input end of the second adder (20) is connected with the output end of the primary air volume offset value regulation module (X);
the positive value input end of the second subtracter (21) is connected with the output end of the second adder (20), and the negative value input end of the second subtracter (21) is used for inputting the primary air detection air quantity of the second side;
the input end of the second PID regulator (22) is connected with the output end of the second subtracter (21);
the input end of the second manipulator (23) is connected with the output end of the second PID regulator (22);
the primary air volume offset value adjusting module (X) specifically comprises: a first automatic regulating sub-module (X1) of the primary air volume offset value and a second automatic regulating sub-module (X2) of the primary air volume offset value, wherein:
the output end of the first automatic regulating sub-module (X1) of the primary air volume offset value is connected with the third input end of the first adder (3);
the output end of the first automatic regulating sub-module (X2) of the primary air volume offset value is connected with the third input end of the second adder (20);
Wherein, the first automatic regulating sub-module (X1) of the primary air volume offset value specifically comprises: a third subtractor (7) with an input dead zone, a first integral regulator (8) and a first close signal generating subunit (X11), wherein:
the positive value input end of the subtracter (7) with the input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the first side, and the negative value input end of the subtracter (7) with the input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the second side;
one input end of the first integral regulator (8) is connected with the output end of the subtracter (7) with the input insensitive area, and the closing increasing signal input end of the first integral regulator (8) is connected with the output end of the first closing increasing signal generating subunit (X11).
2. The primary air control device according to claim 1, wherein,
the dead zone set value of the subtracter (1) with the first input dead zone is specifically 1.4-1.6; and the dead zone set value of the subtracter (18) with the second input dead zone is specifically 1.4-1.6.
3. A primary air control device according to claim 1, wherein the dead zone setting value of the subtractor (7) with an input dead zone is specifically 0.2 to 0.4.
4. The primary air control device of claim 1, wherein the primary air control device further comprises: the primary air volume offset value first manual adjustment module (Y1), wherein the input end of the primary air volume offset value first manual adjustment module (Y1) is used for inputting the primary air volume offset value manually input at a first side;
the first output end of the primary air volume offset value first manual regulation module (Y1) is connected with the tracking switch of the first integral regulator (8), and the second output end of the primary air volume offset value first manual regulation module (Y1) is connected with the tracking quantity input end of the first integral regulator (8).
5. The primary air control device according to claim 1, wherein the secondary automatic adjustment sub-module (X2) for the primary air volume offset value specifically comprises: a fourth subtractor (17) with an input dead zone, a second integral regulator (15) and a second close signal generating subunit (X21), wherein:
the positive value input end of the subtracter (17) with the input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the second side, and the negative value input end of the subtracter (17) with the input dead zone is used for inputting the bed pressure detection value of the first side;
One input end of the second integral regulator (15) is connected with the output end of the subtracter (17) with the input dead zone, and the closing increasing signal input end of the second integral regulator (15) is connected with the output end of the second closing increasing signal generating subunit (X21).
6. The primary air control device according to claim 5, wherein the dead zone setting value of the subtracter (17) with an input dead zone is specifically 0.2 to 0.4.
7. The primary air control device of claim 5, further comprising: the primary air volume offset value second manual adjustment module (Y2), wherein the input end of the primary air volume offset value second manual adjustment module (Y2) is used for inputting the primary air volume offset value manually input at the second side;
the first output end of the primary air volume offset value second manual adjusting module (Y2) is connected with the tracking switch of the second integral regulator (15), and the second output end of the primary air volume offset value second manual adjusting module (Y2) is connected with the tracking quantity input end of the second integral regulator (15).
8. The primary air control device according to claim 1, wherein the primary air volume target value calculation module (Z) specifically includes: and the input end of the broken line function generator (12) is used for inputting the load quantity of the unit, and the output end of the broken line function generator (12) is connected with the second input end of the first adder (3).
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