CN112855170A - Method for excavating and supporting lower cut hole of goaf - Google Patents
Method for excavating and supporting lower cut hole of goaf Download PDFInfo
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- CN112855170A CN112855170A CN202110021312.0A CN202110021312A CN112855170A CN 112855170 A CN112855170 A CN 112855170A CN 202110021312 A CN202110021312 A CN 202110021312A CN 112855170 A CN112855170 A CN 112855170A
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- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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Abstract
The application discloses a method for excavating and supporting a lower cutting hole of a goaf. The method for cutting hole tunneling and supporting under the goaf comprises the following steps: step one, determining the position of an opening of a cut eye, and injecting Marilyn into a top plate of the cut eye opening for reinforcement; secondly, at the opening of the cut hole, enabling the anchor driving machine to drive a preset distance along part of the width of the cut hole to form a wide lane, and supporting a top plate and a side wall of the wide lane; thirdly, at the opening of the cut hole, enabling the continuous mining machine to sweep and tunnel for a preset distance along the residual width of the cut hole to form a narrow lane, supporting a top plate and a front side of the narrow lane, and communicating the narrow lane with the wide lane during tunneling to complete tunneling and supporting of the cut hole along the preset distance; and step four, repeating the step two and the step three until the tunneling and the supporting of the whole cut hole are completed. The method for under-cut-hole tunneling and supporting of the goaf reduces the pressure of the top plate and the two sides during cut-hole tunneling, prevents roof caving and rib caving accidents, and ensures safe mining.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a method for excavating and supporting a lower cut hole of a goaf.
Background
The open-off cut in the coal mine refers to a tunnel connecting a coal face air inlet and return roadway, and mining equipment of the coal face is uniformly arranged in the space.
The coal seam of the composite zone is generally mined by upper and lower layers, and when the cut hole in the lower layer is arranged below the upper layer mined-out area, the pressure on the top plate and two sides is larger when the cut hole of the lower layer is tunneled, roof caving and rib caving accidents are easy to happen, and the safety mining is not facilitated.
Therefore, it is necessary to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method for under-cut-hole tunneling and supporting in a goaf, which aims to reduce the pressure of a top plate and two sides during cut-hole tunneling, prevent roof caving and wall caving accidents and ensure safe mining.
Based on the aim, the application provides a goaf undercut tunneling and supporting method, which comprises the following steps: step one, determining the position of an opening of a cut eye, and injecting Marilyn into a top plate of the cut eye opening for reinforcement; secondly, enabling the driving and anchoring machine to drive a preset distance along part of the width of the cut hole to form a wide lane at the opening of the cut hole, and supporting a top plate and a counter wall of the wide lane; step three, enabling a continuous mining machine to sweep and tunnel the preset distance along the residual width of the cut hole at the opening of the cut hole to form a narrow lane, supporting a top plate and a front side of the narrow lane, and communicating the narrow lane with the wide lane during tunneling to finish tunneling and supporting the cut hole along the preset distance; and step four, repeating the step two and the step three until the tunneling and the supporting of the whole cutting hole are completed.
Optionally, the second step further includes: after the driving and anchoring machine drives the part of the width of the cut hole for a first distance, the driving and anchoring machine is retreated, and a top plate and a counter side at the first distance are supported through an anchor rod machine; and repeating the steps to ensure that the tunneling and anchoring machine tunnels in and out the wide lane and supports the top plate and the auxiliary side of the wide lane through the anchor rod machine.
Optionally, the third step further includes: after the continuous mining machine sweeps and tunnels for a second distance along the residual width of the cut hole, the continuous mining machine retreats, and a roof and a positive side at the second distance are supported by an anchor rod machine; and repeating the steps to ensure that the continuous mining machine digs in and out the narrow roadway and supports the top plate and the front upper of the narrow roadway through the anchor rod machine.
Optionally, the fourth step further includes: and the top plate of the cut hole is supported by combining a reinforcing mesh, a deformed steel bar anchor rod, an anchor cable, a pi-shaped steel belt, shed legs, a longitudinal steel beam and a hydraulic monomer.
Optionally, the second step further includes: and the auxiliary side is supported by combining a cold-drawn wire mesh and a round steel anchor rod.
Optionally, the third step further includes: when the positive upper is used for forming the upper, the positive upper is supported by a plastic net and a glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor rod in a combined manner.
Optionally, the second step further includes: both ends of the auxiliary side along the tunneling direction are provided with end socket support pits; and a shunting chamber is arranged between the two end socket support nests on the auxiliary side.
Optionally, the third step further includes: the right upper is provided with a coal machine nest.
Optionally, the second step further includes: and (4) forming injection holes in the wide tunneling head and the wide roadway front side of the wide roadway, and injecting Marilsan into the injection holes.
Optionally, the step of forming injection holes in the wide tunneling head and the wide roadway main wall of the wide roadway comprises the following steps: constructing at least two groups of injection holes on the wide tunneling head, wherein each group comprises at least two injection holes, and the at least two groups of injection holes are arranged along the height direction of the wide tunneling head; and constructing a row of injection holes at the junction of the wide roadway front side and the top plate along the tunneling direction of the cut hole.
According to the goaf lower cutting hole tunneling and supporting method, the top plate at the opening of the cutting hole is reinforced through Marilk before tunneling, and separation and deformation of the top plate rock stratum of the cutting hole are controlled by means of measures of 'injection before tunneling' so that the top plate of the goaf lower cutting hole is stable for a long time; and the cut hole is tunneled and supported in a secondary tunneling and secondary supporting mode, so that the pressure on the top plate and the front and the auxiliary sides is reduced in the cut hole tunneling process, the integrity of the cut hole surrounding rock is maintained, roof fall and rib spalling accidents are effectively prevented, the supporting effect is improved, and safe mining is ensured.
Drawings
The preferred embodiments of the present application will hereinafter be described in detail to facilitate an understanding of the objects and advantages of the application, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a goaf undercutting excavation and supporting method according to an alternative embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an incision provided in an alternative embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an incision boring device according to an alternative embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a supporting structure of a wide roadway according to an alternative embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a supporting structure of a wide-lane roof according to an alternative embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a supporting structure of a cutting hole according to an alternative embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a supporting structure of a top plate of a hole-cutting plate according to an alternative embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an end socket, a shunting chamber, and a coal machine socket formed in a cutting hole according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a support structure of a cut-out hole in an end socket according to an alternative embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a top plate of an end socket according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a supporting structure of a cut hole in a shunting chamber according to an alternative embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a supporting structure of a shunting chamber roof according to an alternative embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a support structure for a button hole in a coal bed socket according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of a supporting structure for a top plate of a coal machine socket according to an alternative embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 15 is a schematic illustration of a distribution of injection holes in a wide lane as provided in an alternative embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view a-a in fig. 15.
Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view B-B of fig. 15.
Description of reference numerals:
1-hole cutting, 10-wide lane, 11-narrow lane, 12-lower layered coal face, 13-upper layered coal face, 14-end socket support, 15-shunting chamber, 16-coal machine socket, 17-injection hole, 18-auxiliary wall, 180-wide lane main wall, 19-hole cutting main wall, 101-wide tunneling head and 102-narrow tunneling head;
2-digging anchor machine, 20-anchor machine, 21-continuous mining machine, 22-shuttle vehicle, 23-crusher and 24-conveying belt;
3-anchor cables, 30-reinforcing mesh, 31-pi-shaped steel belts, 32-hydraulic monomer, 320-longitudinal steel beams, 33-deformed steel anchor rods, 34-round steel anchor rods, 35-cold-drawn wire mesh, 36-legged sheds, 37-glass steel anchor rods, 38-plastic mesh and 39-double-beam shed lifting.
Detailed Description
The terms of orientation of up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, and the like as referred to or as may be referred to in this specification are defined with respect to the configuration shown in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from the geometric center of a particular component and are relative terms, and thus may be changed accordingly depending on the position and the state of use of the particular component. Therefore, these and other directional terms should not be construed as limiting terms.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the goaf undercut excavation and support method provided by the present application includes the following steps: step one (S1), determining the opening position of a cutting eye 1, and injecting Marilyn into the top plate of the opening of the cutting eye 1 for reinforcement; step two (S2), at the opening of the cut hole 1, enabling the driving and anchoring machine 2 to drive a preset distance along part of the width of the cut hole 1 to form a wide lane 10, and supporting the top plate and the counter wall 18 of the wide lane 10; step three (S3), at the opening of the cut hole 1, enabling the continuous mining machine 21 to carry out side sweeping tunneling along the residual width of the cut hole 1 for the preset distance to form a narrow lane 11, supporting a top plate and a front side 19 of the narrow lane 11, and communicating the narrow lane 11 with the wide lane 10 during tunneling to finish tunneling and supporting of the cut hole 1 along the preset distance; and step four (S4), repeating the step two and the step three until the tunneling and the supporting of the whole cutting hole 1 are completed.
The driving and supporting process of the cutting eye 1 is described in detail below with the cross-sectional width of the cutting eye 1 being 9 m.
In the first step, as shown in fig. 2, the top plate at the opening of the cutting hole 1 is supported by using an anchor cable 3 (phi 17.8 × 6500mm) + a steel belt (4.6m) in a 'well' -shaped arrangement mode so as to increase the structural stability of the top plate at the opening of the cutting hole 1.
And step two, primary tunneling and supporting, wherein in the step two, the partial width is set to be 5.4m, the tunneling and anchoring machine 2 tunnels for a preset distance of 25m in the width of 5.4m, and the tunneled 25m is supported by the anchor rod machine 20 to complete primary tunneling operation of the cut hole 1. As shown in fig. 4 to 5, the top plate of the wide lane 10 can be jointly supported by the way of "steel mesh 30+ deformed steel bar anchor rods 33 (phi 18 × 2100mm, row spacing of 1.0m) + huts 36 with legs (5.2m long steel beams +2 single bodies)"; the counter 18 is supported in a combined manner by adopting a cold-drawn wire mesh 35 and round steel anchor rods 34 (phi 18 multiplied by 2100mm, row spacing of 1.0 m).
And step three, secondary tunneling and supporting, wherein in the step three, the residual width is 3.6m, the continuous mining machine 21 sweeps a side of 3.6m to enable a narrow lane 11 of 3.6m and a wide lane 10 of 5.4m to be communicated to form a cut hole 1 with the cross section width of 9m, the continuous mining machine also tunnels for a preset distance of 25m to enable a wide tunneling head 101 of the wide lane 10 to be flush with a narrow tunneling head 102 of the narrow lane 11, and the four-arm anchor rod machine 20 supports the tunneled 25m to complete secondary tunneling operation of the cut hole 1.
Through the second step and the third step, secondary tunneling and supporting of 25m are carried out on the cutting hole with the cross section width of 9 m; and repeating the second step and the third step to complete the tunneling and supporting of the whole cutting hole 1.
As shown in fig. 3, the cutting hole 1 is further provided with a crusher 23 and a conveyor belt 24, and the crusher 23 crushes the coal and conveys the crushed coal out of the cutting hole 1 through the conveyor belt 24.
According to the goaf lower cutting hole tunneling and supporting method, the top plate at the opening of the cutting hole 1 is reinforced through Marilk before tunneling, and separation and deformation of the top plate rock stratum of the cutting hole 1 are controlled by means of measures of 'injection before tunneling', so that the top plate of the goaf lower cutting hole 1 is stable for a long time; and then, the cut hole 1 is tunneled and supported in a secondary tunneling and secondary supporting mode, so that the pressure on a top plate and the front and the auxiliary sides is favorably reduced in the tunneling process of the cut hole 1, the integrity of surrounding rocks of the cut hole 1 is maintained, roof fall and rib spalling accidents are effectively prevented, the supporting effect is improved, and safe mining is ensured.
Optionally, the second step further includes: after the driving and anchoring machine 2 drives a first distance along part of the width of the cutting hole 1, the driving and anchoring machine 2 is retreated, and a top plate and a counter 18 at the first distance are supported through an anchor rod machine 20; and repeating the steps to enable the driving and anchoring machine 2 to drive out of the wide lane 10 and support the top plate and the counter side 18 of the wide lane 10 through the anchor machine 20. As shown in fig. 2, since the cutting hole 1 is communicated between the two lower layered coal faces 12 and is located below the upper layered coal face 13, the interlayer distance between the cutting hole and the upper layered coal face 13 needs to be kept within a range of 3800 ± 200mm, the bottom cutting is 1800-2000 mm, the rock cutting amount is large, the visibility is relatively low, the tunneling and supporting cannot be synchronized, and 3m is set as a first distance in the second step to perform primary tunneling and supporting: the anchor driving machine 2 drives for 3m at one time with the width of 5.4m, the anchor driving machine 2 is immediately driven to retreat, the top plate and the auxiliary side 18 are simultaneously supported by the top drill arm and the side drill arm on the anchor driving machine 2 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the anchor rod adjusting machine 20 enters a driving space to additionally drive the anchor rods and the anchor cables 3, the anchor driving machine 2 retreats again after the support of the anchor rods and the anchor cables 3 is completed, the top drill arm is utilized to temporarily support and jack the steel beam of 5m, and then the hydraulic monomers 32 are driven at two ends of the steel beam. The above process is repeated until the driving anchor machine 2 drives a predetermined distance of 25m, and the bolting machine 20 supports 25m therewith. According to the embodiment of the application, the wide lane 10 is tunneled in a segmented mode and supported, so that the supporting effect on the top plate and the auxiliary wall 18 of the wide lane 10 is increased, roof fall and wall caving accidents are prevented, and safe mining is guaranteed.
Optionally, the third step further includes: after the continuous mining machine 21 is swept and tunneled for a second distance along the residual width of the cutting hole 1, the continuous mining machine 21 is retreated, and a top plate and a front side 19 at the second distance are supported through an anchor rod machine 20; and repeating the steps to drive the continuous mining machine 21 out of the narrow roadway 11 and support the top plate and the positive wall 19 of the narrow roadway 11 through the anchor rod machine 20. In the third step, 6m is set as a second distance for primary tunneling and supporting: the continuous mining machine 21 performs side sweeping and tunneling for 6m and retreats to the front of the shuttle car 22, the four-arm anchor rod machine 20 enters a tunneling space to support a top plate, and the plastic net 38 and the glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor rod 37 on the front side 19 are manually supported. The above process is repeated until the heading and bolting machine 2 is heading a predetermined distance of 25m, and the four-arm bolting machine 20 subsequently props 25 m. According to the embodiment of the application, the narrow lane 11 is tunneled and supported in a segmented mode, so that the supporting effect on the top plate and the front side 19 of the narrow lane 11 is increased, roof fall and rib spalling accidents are prevented, and safe mining is guaranteed.
Optionally, the fourth step further includes: the top plate of the cut hole 1 is jointly supported in a mode of 'reinforcing mesh 30+ deformed steel anchor rods 33 (phi 18 x 2100mm, row spacing of 1.0m) + anchor cables 3 (phi 17.8 x 3500mm, row spacing of 2.0m) + pi-shaped steel belts 31(3.5m long, three holes) + legged sheds 36 (beam length of 9m) + longitudinal steel beams 320+ hydraulic monomers 32', as shown in figures 6 to 7, the support effect on the top plate can be effectively improved, the stability of the top plate of the cut hole 1 is improved, and roof collapse accidents are effectively prevented.
Optionally, the second step further includes: the counter 18 is supported by the combination of a cold-drawn wire mesh 35 and a round steel anchor rod 34. As shown in fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present application, "cold-drawn wire mesh 35+ round steel anchor rod 34 (phi 18 × 2100mm, row spacing 1.0 m)" may be supported by using driving and bolting machine 2 to work in cooperation with human, and the support manner may effectively prevent rib spalling of counter wall 18, thereby improving safety.
Optionally, the third step further includes: when the positive slope 19 is broken, the positive slope 19 is supported by the combination of a plastic net 38 and a glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor rod 37 (phi 22 multiplied by 2000mm, row spacing of 1.5 m). As shown in fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present application, the plastic mesh 38 and the glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor rod 37 may be supported by the driving and anchoring machine 2 in cooperation with a worker, and the supporting manner may effectively prevent the front upper 19 from forming a ledge, thereby improving the safety.
Optionally, the second step further includes: both ends of the auxiliary side 18 along the tunneling direction are provided with end socket frame nests 14; a shunting chamber 15 is arranged on the counter wall 18 between the two end socket nests 14. The positions of the end socket 14 and the shunting chamber 15 in the cutting hole 1 are shown in fig. 8, the end socket 14 mainly undertakes the installation work of the fully-mechanized mining face during the stoping period, and the shunting chamber 15 mainly undertakes the shunting work. As shown in fig. 9 to 10, the top plate of the end frame nest 14 can be supported by the combination of the reinforcing mesh 30, the threaded steel anchor rods 33 (phi 18 x 2100mm, the row spacing of 1.0m), the leg shed 36, the hydraulic single body 32 and the double-beam shed 39. The front upper 19 is supported by the plastic net 38 and the glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor rod 37 (phi 22 multiplied by 2000mm, row spacing 1.0m) in a combined mode. The counter 18 is supported by the combination of the cold-drawn wire mesh 35 and the round steel anchor rod 34 (phi 18 multiplied by 2100mm, row spacing of 1.0 m). As shown in fig. 11 to 12, the top plate of the shunting chamber 15 is jointly supported by a mode of 'steel mesh 30+ deformed steel bar anchor rods 33 (phi 18 x 2100mm, row spacing of 1.0m) + pi-shaped steel belts 31(3.5m long, three holes) + a leg shed 36+ a double-beam shed 39' (the shunting chamber is internally provided with the leg shed 36, and the shunting port is erected with the double-beam shed 39). The two sides (the positive side 19 and the auxiliary side 18) are jointly supported by adopting a mode of 'cold-drawn wire mesh 35+ round steel anchor rods 34 (phi 18 multiplied by 2100mm, row spacing of 1.5 m').
Optionally, the third step further includes: a coal machine socket 16 is arranged on the front upper 19. The coal machine pit 16 is mainly used for installation of the fully mechanized coal face during the mining process. As shown in fig. 13 to 14, the top plate of the coal machine nest 16 is supported by a combination of a steel mesh 30, a deformed steel bar anchor rod 33 (phi 18 x 2100mm, the row spacing is 1.0m), an anchor rope 3 (phi 17.8 x 3500mm, the row spacing is 2.0m), a pi-shaped steel belt 31(3.5m long, three holes), a legged shed 36 (beam length 9m), a longitudinal steel beam 320, a hydraulic monomer 32 and a double-beam shed 39 (the legged shed 36 is arranged in the machine nest, and the double-beam shed 39 is erected at the mouth of the machine nest). The front upper 19 is supported by the plastic net 38 and the glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor rod 37 (phi 22 multiplied by 2000mm, row spacing 1.0m) in a combined mode. The counter 18 is supported by the combination of the cold-drawn wire mesh 35 and the round steel anchor rod 34 (phi 18 multiplied by 2100mm, row spacing of 1.0 m).
Optionally, the second step further includes: an injection hole 17 is formed in the wide tunneling head 101 and the wide roadway front side 180 of the wide roadway 10, and Marilyn is injected into the injection hole 17. As shown in fig. 15, in the embodiment of the present application, marlisan is injected on the wide tunneling head 101 and the wide roadway front side 180 to effectively reinforce the roof and the wide roadway front side 180, so as to improve the structural stability of the cut-out 1.
Optionally, the step of forming the injection hole 17 in the wide tunneling head 101 and the wide roadway main wall 180 of the wide roadway 10 includes the following steps: constructing at least two groups of injection holes 17 on the wide tunneling head 101, wherein each group comprises at least two injection holes 17, and the at least two groups of injection holes 17 are arranged along the height direction of the wide tunneling head 101; and constructing a row of injection holes 17 at the junction of the wide roadway front side 180 and the top plate along the tunneling direction of the cutting hole 1. The injection of the Marilsan on the wide tunneling head 101 is beneficial to increasing the structural stability of the wide tunneling head 101, and the injection of the Marilsan on the wide roadway main side 180 is beneficial to increasing the structural stability of the wide roadway main side 180.
As shown in fig. 15 to 17, the wide boring head 101 may be provided with the injection holes 17 and the injection of the marasmin as follows: three groups of injection holes 17 are constructed in the wide tunneling head 101, as shown in fig. 16, each group comprises two injection holes 17, and the hole distance of the two injection holes 17 is 3 m; the hole elevation angle of the first group of injection holes 17 is 30 degrees, the hole depth is 4.4m, and the hole opening is positioned on the top plate of the wide tunneling head 101; the hole elevation angle of the second group of injection holes 17 is 25 degrees, the hole depth is 7.8m, and the hole openings are positioned 798mm below the first group of hole openings; the hole elevation angle of the third group of injection holes 17 is 20 degrees, the hole depth is 11m, and the hole openings are positioned 478mm below the hole openings of the second group; the Marilsan is injected from bottom to top, namely, the third group of injection holes 17 positioned at the lower part is injected firstly, then the second group of injection holes 17 positioned at the middle part is injected, and finally the first group of injection holes 17 positioned at the upper part is injected.
As shown in fig. 15 to 17, the wide roadway front wall 180 is provided with the injection holes 17 and injected with the malisan, which can be as follows: a row of injection holes 17 are constructed in the wide roadway front side 180, the hole distance between every two adjacent injection holes 17 is 3m, the elevation angle is 45 degrees, the hole depth is 3m, and the hole opening is located at the junction of the top plate and the wide roadway front side 180. Marilsan is injected from outside to inside. The first injection hole 17 on the wide roadway front side 180 is arranged at a position 5m away from the narrow tunneling head 102 with the width of 3.6m, other injection holes 17 are constructed at intervals of 3m, and the distance from the last injection hole 17 to the tail of the tunneling and anchoring machine 2 is less than or equal to 3 m.
After the tunneling of the cutting hole 1 is finished, the deformation condition of the surrounding rock of the cutting hole 1 can be monitored by using a cross point distribution method, a roof separation instrument, a drilling peering method and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A goaf undercut tunneling and supporting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, determining the position of an opening of a cut eye, and injecting Marilyn into a top plate of the cut eye opening for reinforcement;
secondly, enabling the driving and anchoring machine to drive a preset distance along part of the width of the cut hole to form a wide lane at the opening of the cut hole, and supporting a top plate and a counter wall of the wide lane;
step three, enabling a continuous mining machine to sweep and tunnel the preset distance along the residual width of the cut hole at the opening of the cut hole to form a narrow lane, supporting a top plate and a front side of the narrow lane, and communicating the narrow lane with the wide lane during tunneling to finish tunneling and supporting the cut hole along the preset distance;
and step four, repeating the step two and the step three until the tunneling and the supporting of the whole cutting hole are completed.
2. The goaf undercutting, tunneling and supporting method according to claim 1, wherein the second step further comprises:
after the driving and anchoring machine drives the part of the width of the cut hole for a first distance, the driving and anchoring machine is retreated, and a top plate and a counter side at the first distance are supported through an anchor rod machine;
and repeating the steps to ensure that the tunneling and anchoring machine tunnels in and out the wide lane and supports the top plate and the auxiliary side of the wide lane through the anchor rod machine.
3. The goaf undercutting, tunneling and supporting method according to claim 1, wherein the third step further comprises:
after the continuous mining machine sweeps and tunnels for a second distance along the residual width of the cut hole, the continuous mining machine retreats, and a roof and a positive side at the second distance are supported by an anchor rod machine;
and repeating the steps to ensure that the continuous mining machine digs in and out the narrow roadway and supports the top plate and the front upper of the narrow roadway through the anchor rod machine.
4. The goaf undercutting, tunneling and supporting method according to claim 1, wherein the fourth step further comprises:
and the top plate of the cut hole is supported by combining a reinforcing mesh, a deformed steel bar anchor rod, an anchor cable, a pi-shaped steel belt, shed legs, a longitudinal steel beam and a hydraulic monomer.
5. The goaf undercutting, tunneling and supporting method according to claim 1, wherein the second step further comprises:
and the auxiliary side is supported by combining a cold-drawn wire mesh and a round steel anchor rod.
6. The goaf undercutting, tunneling and supporting method according to claim 1, wherein the third step further comprises:
when the positive upper is used for forming the upper, the positive upper is supported by a plastic net and a glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor rod in a combined manner.
7. The goaf undercutting, tunneling and supporting method according to claim 1, wherein the second step further comprises:
both ends of the auxiliary side along the tunneling direction are provided with end socket support pits;
and a shunting chamber is arranged between the two end socket support nests on the auxiliary side.
8. The goaf undercutting, tunneling and supporting method according to claim 1, wherein the third step further comprises:
the right upper is provided with a coal machine nest.
9. The goaf undercutting, tunneling and supporting method according to claim 1, wherein the second step further comprises:
and (4) forming injection holes in the wide tunneling head and the wide roadway front side of the wide roadway, and injecting Marilsan into the injection holes.
10. The goaf undercutting, tunneling and supporting method according to claim 9, wherein the step of forming injection holes in the wide tunneling head and the wide roadway front side comprises the following steps:
constructing at least two groups of injection holes on the wide tunneling head, wherein each group comprises at least two injection holes, and the at least two groups of injection holes are arranged along the height direction of the wide tunneling head;
and constructing a row of injection holes at the junction of the wide roadway front side and the top plate along the tunneling direction of the cut hole.
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| CN113914867A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-11 | 国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Top plate reinforcing method for tunneling lower layering cut hole under upper layering goaf |
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