CN112838201A - Cu2MoS4Composite negative electrode material, preparation method thereof and sodium ion battery - Google Patents
Cu2MoS4Composite negative electrode material, preparation method thereof and sodium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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Abstract
The invention relates to Cu2MoS4Composite negative electrode material, preparation method thereof, sodium ion battery and Cu2MoS4The composite anode material comprises composite particles including Cu2MoS4A matrix and a non-metallic carbon material; a non-metallic carbon material dispersed and supported in the Cu2MoS4In a matrix of Cu2MoS4The substrate is in a hollow cubic structure. The preparation method comprises the following steps: synthesizing a cuprous oxide cubic template; adding a nonmetallic carbon material into ethylene glycol to form ethylene glycol-carbon material dispersion liquid; adding a dispersing agent, a molybdenum source, a sulfur source and the cuprous oxide cubic template into ethylene glycol in sequence-fully stirring the carbon material dispersion liquid until the carbon material dispersion liquid is completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; transferring the mixed solution into a reaction kettle for full reaction, and centrifugally drying a reaction product to obtain Cu2MoS4And (3) compounding the negative electrode material. Comprising the Cu2MoS4The sodium ion battery of the composite cathode material has better electrocatalytic activity and has the advantages of high charge and discharge capacity, good rate capability, long cycle life and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrochemical energy, and particularly relates to Cu2MoS4A composite negative electrode material, a preparation method thereof and a sodium ion battery.
Background
However, with the rapid increase of population and the acceleration of economic globalization process, the demand of the market for lithium increases rapidly, the lithium resource storage in the crust is relatively less, the distribution is uneven, and the price of lithium is high, and the like, and the lithium ion battery cannot meet the requirements of high energy density and low cost of a large-scale energy storage system. Therefore, it is important to research a novel electrode material having excellent electrochemical properties.
The sodium ion battery has a lithium storage mechanism similar to that of the lithium ion battery, and the rechargeable sodium ion battery has the advantages of high sodium resource storage amount, low cost and the like, so that the rechargeable sodium ion battery becomes an important supplement for lithium ions and is widely concerned. However, sodium ion batteries also have certain problems, such as poor conductivity of the negative electrode material, poor reaction kinetics of sodium ions, larger radius of the sodium ions, and the inability to ensure the structural and electrochemical stability of the buffer material due to the rapid change of the volume of the buffer material in the de-intercalation process, and the capability of adapting to the stable de-intercalation and the less electrode materials for the intercalation of the sodium ions. The traditional unitary transition metal sulfide (such as iron sulfide, molybdenum sulfide, copper sulfide and the like) and carbon-based negative electrode materials have typical layered structures, and in the charge-discharge cycle process, the structure collapse is easily caused in the intercalation and deintercalation process due to the large radius of sodium ions, and the cycle stability of the battery is poor. Transition metal sulfides such as copper sulfide and iron sulfide are subjected to charge-discharge cycling by using a carbon ester electrolyte, so that the capacity is easily and rapidly attenuated, and the cycle life is extremely short.
Therefore, the development of a negative electrode material of a sodium ion battery capable of rapidly and stably storing energy is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of poor conductivity of the cathode of the traditional sodium ion battery and sodium ion circulationPoor performance, the need to develop new anode materials, and to overcome the disadvantages and drawbacks mentioned in the background art, a Cu alloy is provided2MoS4A composite negative electrode material, a preparation method thereof and a sodium ion battery.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
cu2MoS4Composite anode material, said Cu2MoS4The composite anode material comprises composite particles including Cu2MoS4A matrix and a non-metallic carbon material; the non-metallic carbon material is dispersedly loaded on the Cu2MoS4In the matrix; the Cu2MoS4The composite cathode material matrix is in a hollow cubic structure. The non-metallic carbon material is dispersed uniformly by ultrasonic and is mixed with Cu2MoS4The base bodies are mixed and stirred and then are uniformly compounded.
Preferably, Cu in the composite particle2MoS4The mass ratio of the matrix to the nonmetal carbon material is 8:1-3: 1.
Preferably, the non-metallic carbon material includes at least one of carbon nanotubes, Super P, and graphene. More preferably, carbon nanotubes and Cu are used2MoS4The octahedron is compounded, the conductive property of the carbon nanotube is utilized, the morphological characteristics of the carbon nanotube are also utilized, the carbon nanotube is compounded in the octahedron, the octahedron structure is effectively prevented from collapsing, an effective diffusion path of electrons and ions is provided, the volume expansion in the material de-intercalation process is relieved, and the structure and the electrochemical stability are guaranteed.
In general, the cathode material has poor conductivity, the radius of sodium ions is large, the volume of the buffer material is changed rapidly in the de-intercalation process, and the cathode material is less in the capacity of adapting to stable de-intercalation and intercalation of the sodium ions. Cu2MoS4The composite cathode material has better conductivity, the hollow cubic structure provides a larger sodium ion de-intercalation space, the cubic structure is effectively prevented from collapsing, an effective diffusion path of electrons and ions is provided, the volume expansion in the material de-intercalation process is relieved, and the structure and electrochemical stability are guaranteed.
As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a Cu as described above2MoS4The preparation method of the composite anode material comprises the following steps:
step (1): synthesizing a cuprous oxide cubic template;
step (2): adding a nonmetallic carbon material into ethylene glycol to form ethylene glycol-carbon material dispersion liquid; sequentially adding a dispersing agent, a molybdenum source, a sulfur source and the cuprous oxide cubic template into the ethylene glycol-carbon material dispersion liquid, fully stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, and adding the molybdenum source and the sulfur source according to the molar ratio of 1:4-1: 7;
and (3): transferring the mixed solution into a reaction kettle, repeatedly centrifuging the reaction product, and drying in vacuum to obtain the Cu2MoS4And (3) compounding the negative electrode material.
Preparation of Cu by the invention2MoS4The cathode material adopts cuprous oxide as a template (the prepared cuprous oxide template is of a solid cubic structure), and then Cu with a hollow cubic shape is prepared by a simple heating method2MoS4Nano-material, and compounding the non-metal carbon material therein.
Preferably, the method for synthesizing the cuprous oxide cubic template in the step (1) comprises the following steps: and adding polyvinylpyrrolidone and copper salt in a set ratio into deionized water, stirring by magnetic force, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution after fully dissolving, stirring, dropwise adding ascorbic acid, stirring, curing, centrifuging, collecting, and drying in vacuum to obtain the cuprous oxide cubic template.
Preferably, in the synthesis of the cuprous oxide cubic template, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-25mol/L, the concentration of the ascorbic acid solution is 0.5-5mol/L, the vacuum drying temperature is 50-100 ℃, the vacuum drying time is 8-20h, the stirring and curing time is 2-4h, and the temperature in the whole synthesis process is kept at 50-80 ℃, preferably 60-80 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (2), the non-metallic carbon material is at least one of carbon nanotubes, Super P and graphene, the dispersant is polyvinylpyrrolidone, the addition amount of the polyvinylpyrrolidone is at least 1g, the molybdenum source is sodium molybdate dihydrate, the sulfur source is one of thioacetamide or thiourea, and the molar ratio of the molybdenum source to the sulfur source is 1:6.4-1: 6.6.
The invention provides a method for preparing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a dispersant, PVP surfactant is added in cubic Cu2O-template surface capping and then Cu formation on the polymer2MoS4Nanosheets, due to consumption of Cu2And an O template, and gradually forming a hollow cubic structure. We can speculate that PVP surfactant can prevent the subsequent collapse of hollow structure after reaction without altering the cuprous oxide template morphology.
As the optimization of the technical method, the reaction kettle in the step (3) is a polytetrafluoroethylene lining reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is 150-220 ℃, the reaction time is preferably 180-200 ℃, the reaction time is 10-24h, the reaction time is more preferably 16-20h, the drying temperature is 50-120 ℃, and the drying time is 8-20 h.
As the application of the technical scheme, the invention also provides a sodium ion battery comprising the Cu2MoS4And (3) compounding the negative electrode material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) cu selected for use in the invention2MoS4The composite material is a binary transition metal sulfide, has good conductivity and stable structure, provides an effective diffusion path when being applied to a sodium ion battery, has better electrocatalytic activity, high charge and discharge capacity, good rate performance and long cycle life, and effectively improves the conductivity of the electrode material.
(2) The invention selects the cuprous oxide template with a hollow cubic structure to synthesize Cu2MoS4The cathode material and the stable cuprous oxide template can be used for synthesizing Cu2MoS4The shape of the cuprous oxide template is kept, the structure of the formed electrode material is not easy to collapse in the charging and discharging process, and the volume of the buffer material is rapidly changed in the sodium ion desorption process, so that the structure and the electrochemical stability of the electrode material are ensured.
(3) Cu of the invention2MoS4The composite cathode material can meet the actual application requirements of the preparation of the high-performance sodium-ion battery, is compatible with ether electrolyte and carbon ester electrolyte commonly used in the sodium-ion battery, and has very wide application prospects in the field of the sodium-ion battery.
(4) Cu of the invention2MoS4The composite cathode material has the advantages of simple preparation method, easily obtained material, high reproducibility, no pollution, easily controlled product structure, nano-scale size of the material and more stable structure of the electrode material.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is the cuprous oxide XRD pattern provided in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of cuprous oxide provided in example 1;
FIG. 3 is Cu provided in example 12MoS4XRD pattern of the composite cathode material;
FIG. 4 shows Cu provided in example 12MoS4SEM image of the composite negative electrode material;
FIG. 5 shows Cu provided in example 12MoS4The first charge-discharge curve of the composite negative electrode material;
FIG. 6 shows Cu provided in example 12MoS4Cycle curve of composite negative electrode material.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1
Example the product is a Cu of the invention2MoS4Composite anode material comprising composite particles including Cu2MoS4A substrate and carbon nanotubes; carbon nanotubes dispersed and loaded in the Cu2MoS4In the matrix. Cu in composite particles2MoS4The mass ratio of the matrix to the carbon nano tube is 7:1-3:1, and Cu2MoS4The structure is hollow cubic.
This example prepares Cu as follows2MoS4Composite anode material:
(1) synthesizing a cuprous oxide cubic template: adding 3.333 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and 0.171 g of copper chloride into 60mL of deionized water, magnetically stirring for 30 minutes, after full dissolution, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution (2.0 mol/L and 10.0 mL) by using a rubber head dropper at the rate of 1 drop per second, stirring for 1 hour, dropwise adding an ascorbic acid solution (0.6 mol/L and 10.0 mL) by using a rubber head dropper at the rate of 1 drop per second, stirring and curing for 3 hours, centrifuging and collecting, carrying out vacuum drying in a vacuum oven at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain a bright red cuprous oxide cubic template, wherein the temperature in the whole synthesis process is kept at 60 ℃; fig. 1 is an XRD pattern of cuprous oxide provided in this example, from which it can be seen that cuprous oxide is synthesized and synthesized as a pure phase without impurities.
Fig. 2 is an SEM image of cuprous oxide provided in this embodiment, and it can be seen from the SEM image that the synthesized cuprous oxide template has a cubic structure, and is good in morphology, stable in structure, and good in dispersibility.
(2) Adding 300 mg of carbon nano tube into 60ml of ethylene glycol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for a period of time to form ethylene glycol-carbon nano tube dispersion liquid; sequentially adding 1g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sodium molybdate dihydrate, thioacetamide (the molar ratio of a molybdenum source to a sulfur source is 1: 6.5) and 80 mg of cuprous oxide cubic template into the ethylene glycol-carbon material dispersion liquid, and fully stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) transferring the mixed solution into a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle to react for 24 hours at 200 ℃, repeatedly centrifuging the reaction product by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying for 12 hours in vacuum at 80 ℃ to obtain Cu2MoS4And (3) compounding the negative electrode material.
FIG. 3 shows Cu of this example2MoS4The XRD pattern of the composite anode material shows that each diffraction peak is matched with Cu2MoS4Diffraction peak correspondence, synthesis of Cu2MoS4And the crystal is synthesized into a pure phase, has no impurities and has better crystallization effect.
FIG. 4 shows Cu provided in this example2MoS4SEM image of composite anode material, from which synthetic Cu can be seen2MoS4The shape of the cuprous oxide template is kept, and the crushed particles can be seen as a cubic hollow structure, so that the volume expansion in the process of sodium ion extraction can be buffered. As can be seen, the carbon nanotubes are uniformly dispersed with Cu2MoS4The cubes are compounded together.
Cu prepared in example2MoS4The composite negative electrode material is used as an active substance, PVDF is used as a binder, a conductive agent (Super P) is added, stirring and pulping are carried out, the mixture is coated on a copper foil, and finally, a negative electrode sheet is prepared by drying and rolling, wherein the active substance: conductive agent: binder =80:10: 10. Taking a metal lithium sheet as a counter electrode, taking PP as a diaphragm and 1 mol/L NaPF6The sodium ion battery was assembled with the Ethylene Carbonate (EC) + diethyl carbonate (DEC) (vcc: VDEC = 1: 1) solution as the electrolyte, and the dummy battery was assembled in an argon-filled glove box.
The test method for testing the electrochemical performance comprises the following steps:
1. the surface appearance, particle size and the like of the sample were observed by a scanning electron microscope of Hitachi S4800.
2. And (3) testing the charging and discharging performance:
FIG. 5 is a view of the present embodimentCu2MoS4The first charge-discharge curve of the composite negative electrode material. The figure shows that the specific charge capacity of the first circle of the composite material is 137.3mAh/g, and the specific discharge capacity is 190.7 mAh/g.
FIG. 6 shows Cu provided in this example2MoS4Cycle curve of composite negative electrode material. The graph shows that the specific discharge capacity of the composite material can still be kept above 167.5mAh/g after 100 charge-discharge cycles.
Example 2
Example the product is a Cu of the invention2MoS4Composite anode material comprising composite particles including Cu2MoS4A substrate and carbon nanotubes; carbon nanotubes dispersed and loaded in the Cu2MoS4In the matrix. Cu in composite particles2MoS4The mass ratio of the matrix to the carbon nano tube is 5:1-3:1, and Cu2MoS4The structure is hollow cubic.
This example prepares Cu as follows2MoS4Composite anode material:
(1) synthesizing a cuprous oxide cubic template: adding 1g of PVP and 0.342 g of copper chloride into 40 mL of deionized water, stirring for 30 minutes by magnetic force, after full dissolution, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution (8.0 mol/L and 10.0 mL) by using a rubber head dropper at the rate of 1 drop per second, stirring for 1 hour, dropwise adding an ascorbic acid solution (2 mol/L and 10.0 mL) by using a rubber head dropper at the rate of 1 drop per second, stirring and curing for 5 hours, centrifuging and collecting, vacuum drying for 16 hours at 80 ℃ in a vacuum oven to obtain a bright red cuprous oxide cubic template, wherein the temperature is kept at 60 ℃ in the whole synthesis process;
(2) adding 700 mg of carbon nano tube into 50ml of ethylene glycol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for a period of time to form ethylene glycol-carbon nano tube dispersion liquid; sequentially adding 4 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sodium molybdate dihydrate, thioacetamide (the molar ratio of a molybdenum source to a sulfur source is 1: 4) and 20 mg of cuprous oxide cubic template into the ethylene glycol-carbon material dispersion liquid, and fully stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) the mixed solution is transferred into 60mL of polytetrafluoroReacting for 18 hours at 220 ℃ in an ethylene reaction kettle, repeatedly centrifuging the reaction product by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying for 16 hours in vacuum at 80 ℃ to obtain Cu2MoS4And (3) compounding the negative electrode material.
Cu prepared in example2MoS4The composite negative electrode material is used as an active substance, PVDF is used as a binder, a conductive agent (Super P) is added, stirring and pulping are carried out, the mixture is coated on a copper foil, and finally, a negative electrode sheet is prepared by drying and rolling, wherein the active substance: conductive agent: binder =80:10: 10. Taking a metal lithium sheet as a counter electrode, taking PP as a diaphragm and 1 mol/L NaPF6The sodium ion battery was assembled with the Ethylene Carbonate (EC) + diethyl carbonate (DEC) (vcc: VDEC = 1: 1) solution as the electrolyte, and the dummy battery was assembled in an argon-filled glove box.
The test method for testing electrochemical performance was the same as in example 1.
Example 3
Example product is a Cu2MoS4Composite anode material comprising composite particles including Cu2MoS4A matrix and Super P; super P is dispersedly loaded in the Cu2MoS4In the matrix. Cu in composite particles2MoS4The mass ratio of the matrix to the Super P is 6:1-3:1, and Cu2MoS4The structure is hollow cubic.
This example prepares Cu as follows2MoS4Composite anode material:
(1) synthesizing a cuprous oxide cubic template: adding 1g of PVP and 0.171 g of copper sulfate into 50mL of deionized water, stirring for 60 minutes by magnetic force, after full dissolution, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution (4.0 mol/L and 10.0 mL) by using a rubber head dropper at a rate of 1 drop per second, stirring for 2 hours, dropwise adding an ascorbic acid solution (1.2 mol/L and 10.0 mL) by using a rubber head dropper at a rate of 1 drop per second, stirring and curing for 4 hours, centrifuging and collecting, vacuum drying in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for 14 hours to obtain a bright red cuprous oxide cubic template, wherein the temperature is kept at 80 ℃ in the whole synthesis process;
(2) adding 500 mg of Super P into 50ml of ethylene glycol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for a period of time to form an ethylene glycol-Super P dispersion liquid; sequentially adding 3.333 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sodium molybdate dihydrate, thiourea (the molar ratio of a molybdenum source to a sulfur source is 1: 5) and 40 mg of cuprous oxide cubic template into the ethylene glycol-carbon material dispersion liquid, and fully stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) transferring the mixed solution into a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle for reaction at 180 ℃ for 20 hours, repeatedly centrifuging the reaction product by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and performing vacuum drying at 60 ℃ for 14 hours to obtain Cu2MoS4And (3) compounding the negative electrode material.
Cu prepared in example2MoS4The composite negative electrode material is used as an active substance, PVDF is used as a binder, a conductive agent (Super P) is added, stirring and pulping are carried out, the mixture is coated on a copper foil, and finally, a negative electrode sheet is prepared by drying and rolling, wherein the active substance: conductive agent: binder =80:10: 10. Taking a metal lithium sheet as a counter electrode, taking PP as a diaphragm and 1 mol/L NaPF6The sodium ion battery was assembled with the Ethylene Carbonate (EC) + diethyl carbonate (DEC) (vcc: VDEC = 1: 1) solution as the electrolyte, and the dummy battery was assembled in an argon-filled glove box.
The test method for testing electrochemical performance was the same as in example 1.
Example 4
Example product is a Cu2MoS4Composite anode material comprising composite particles including Cu2MoS4A matrix and Super P; super P is dispersedly loaded in the Cu2MoS4In the matrix. Cu in composite particles2MoS4The mass ratio of the matrix to the Super P is 4:1-3:1, and Cu2MoS4The structure is hollow cubic.
This example prepares Cu as follows2MoS4Composite anode material:
(1) synthesizing a cuprous oxide cubic template: adding 1g of PVP and 0.684 g of copper sulfate into 40 mL of deionized water, stirring for 60 minutes by magnetic force, after full dissolution, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution (10.0 mol/L and 10.0 mL) by using a rubber head dropper according to the rate of 1 drop per second, stirring for 2 hours, dropwise adding an ascorbic acid solution (4 mol/L and 10.0 mL) by using a rubber head dropper according to the rate of 1 drop per second, stirring and curing for 6 hours, centrifuging and collecting, vacuum drying for 8 hours at 80 ℃ in a vacuum oven to obtain a bright red cuprous oxide cubic template, wherein the temperature is kept at 80 ℃ in the whole synthesis process;
(2) adding 1g of Super P into 30 ml of ethylene glycol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for a period of time to form ethylene glycol-Super P tube dispersion liquid; sequentially adding 1g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sodium molybdate dihydrate, thiourea (the molar ratio of a molybdenum source to a sulfur source is 1: 3) and 60 mg of cuprous oxide cubic template into the ethylene glycol-carbon material dispersion liquid, and fully stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) transferring the mixed solution into a 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle to react for 16 hours at 160 ℃, repeatedly centrifuging the reaction product by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying for 14 hours in vacuum at 60 ℃ to obtain the Cu2MoS4And (3) compounding the negative electrode material.
Cu prepared in example2MoS4The composite negative electrode material is used as an active substance, PVDF is used as a binder, a conductive agent (Super P) is added, stirring and pulping are carried out, the mixture is coated on a copper foil, and finally, a negative electrode sheet is prepared by drying and rolling, wherein the active substance: conductive agent: binder =80:10: 10. Taking a metal lithium sheet as a counter electrode, taking PP as a diaphragm and 1 mol/L NaPF6The sodium ion battery was assembled with the Ethylene Carbonate (EC) + diethyl carbonate (DEC) (vcc: VDEC = 1: 1) solution as the electrolyte, and the dummy battery was assembled in an argon-filled glove box.
The test method for testing electrochemical performance was the same as in example 1.
Example 1 provides three-turn charge-discharge curves and cycle curves, and experimental data prove that Cu2MoS4The composite negative electrode material has higher specific capacity and stable circulation when applied to the sodium ion battery, because the Cu is2MoS4The hollow cubic structure of the composite material provides an effective path for the desorption of sodium ions, buffers the volume expansion of the sodium ions, and the Cu2MoS4The composite negative electrode material has good conductivity and improves the reaction power of sodium ions.
Claims (9)
1. Cu2MoS4The composite negative electrode material is characterized in that the Cu2MoS4The composite anode material comprises composite particles including Cu2MoS4A matrix and a non-metallic carbon material; the non-metallic carbon material is dispersedly loaded on the Cu2MoS4In the matrix; the Cu2MoS4The substrate is in a hollow cubic structure.
2. Cu according to claim 12MoS4The composite negative electrode material is characterized in that Cu in the composite particles2MoS4The mass ratio of the matrix to the nonmetal carbon material is 8:1-3: 1.
3. Cu according to claim 12MoS4The composite negative electrode material is characterized in that the nonmetallic carbon material comprises at least one of carbon nano tubes, Super P and graphene.
4. Cu2MoS4The preparation method of the composite anode material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step (1): synthesizing a cuprous oxide cubic template;
step (2): adding a nonmetallic carbon material into ethylene glycol to form ethylene glycol-carbon material dispersion liquid; sequentially adding a dispersing agent, a molybdenum source, a sulfur source and the cuprous oxide cubic template into the ethylene glycol-carbon material dispersion liquid, fully stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, and adding the molybdenum source and the sulfur source according to the molar ratio of 1:4-1: 7;
and (3): transferring the mixed solution into a reaction kettle for full reaction, repeatedly centrifuging the reaction product, and drying in vacuum to obtain the Cu2MoS4And (3) compounding the negative electrode material.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the cuprous oxide cubic template synthesis method in the step (1) comprises: adding polyvinylpyrrolidone and copper salt into deionized water, stirring by magnetic force, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution after fully dissolving, stirring, dropwise adding ascorbic acid, stirring, curing, centrifuging, collecting, and vacuum drying to obtain the cuprous oxide cubic template.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-25mol/L, the concentration of the ascorbic acid solution is 0.5-5mol/L, the temperature of vacuum drying is 50-100 ℃, the time is 8-20h, the time of stirring and curing is 2-4h, and the temperature of the whole synthesis process is kept at 50-80 ℃.
7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the non-metallic carbon material in the step (2) is at least one of carbon nanotubes, Super P and graphene, the dispersant is polyvinylpyrrolidone, the polyvinylpyrrolidone is added in an amount of at least 1g, the molybdenum source is sodium molybdate dihydrate, the sulfur source is one of thioacetamide or thiourea, and the molar ratio of the molybdenum source to the sulfur source is 1:6.4 to 1: 6.6.
8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the reaction kettle in the step (3) is a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is 150 ℃ to 220 ℃, the reaction time is 10 to 24 hours, the drying temperature is 50 ℃ to 120 ℃, and the drying time is 8 to 20 hours.
9. A sodium ion battery, characterized in that the sodium ion battery comprises Cu according to any one of claims 1 to 32MoS4Composite anode material or Cu prepared according to any of claims 4 to 82MoS4And (3) compounding the negative electrode material.
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