CN112813257B - Carbon-free sintering method for providing heat by adopting high wind temperature - Google Patents
Carbon-free sintering method for providing heat by adopting high wind temperature Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon-free sintering method for providing heat by adopting high wind temperature, and belongs to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking. The carbon-free sintering method is carried out on a sintering trolley, a plurality of hot air covers are correspondingly arranged above the sintering trolley, the hot air covers are communicated with a flue gas furnace through pipelines, after the material distribution on the sintering trolley is completed, the sintering trolley is started, hot air is supplied to the hot air covers through the flue gas furnace, then the hot air in the hot air covers passes through the sintering trolley by utilizing an exhaust fan below the sintering trolley, and sintering heat is supplied by high hot air of the flue gas furnace, so that sintering is carried out. The technical scheme of the invention can effectively solve the problem of environmental pollution during the production of the sinter, greatly reduce the emission of pollutants in the sintering process while meeting the requirements of normal production output, and has controllable hot air temperature, convenient control of the sintering process and better practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking, and particularly relates to a carbonless sintering method for providing heat by adopting high wind temperature.
Background
The iron and steel industry is a large household of energy consumption, and is also a main source of pollutants such as industrial dust, solid waste, CO 2、SO2, nitrogen oxides and the like. In the long process of blast furnace ironmaking-converter steelmaking, waste gases such as CO 2、SO2, nitrogen oxides, smoke dust and the like generated by coking and sintering are the most serious, wherein the most waste gases generated in the sintering process, especially the generated sulfur dioxide occupies 70% of the whole process, and meanwhile, pollutants such as dioxin, fluoride and the like can be generated. With the stricter and stricter environmental protection requirements of the state, the emission reduction task of the sintering process is harder.
The sintering ore is used as the main raw material for blast furnace iron making, and is produced through mixing iron-containing material, fuel and flux, pelletizing, spreading on sintering bogie, igniting and exhausting, burning fuel to produce high temperature to produce physico-chemical change and produce low smelting point matter, softening and smelting to produce liquid phase, binding iron ore particles, solid phase reaction to produce new low smelting point compound or eutectic, and heating to certain temperature to produce chemical reaction while softening and smelting to form liquid phase binding. The melting point of most compounds of the iron-oxygen system, the ferric silicate system, the calcium ferrite system and the calcium fayalite system in the liquid phase formed by the method is 1150-1300 ℃, and the compound is a main source of the liquid phase. The calcium silicate system and the calcium forsterite system compounds have high melting points, basically above 1450 ℃, and cannot become a main binding phase.
At present, the traditional sintering production process generally adopts coke powder and coal dust as fuel, the fixed carbon content of the coke powder is more than 85%, and the rest main components are ash, sulfur and the like which mainly comprise SiO 2 and Al 2O3; except for fixed carbon with the proportion of about 70%, the rest components of the pulverized coal mainly comprise volatile matters with the proportion of about 20%, ash and sulfur, and H 2、CH4, N 2 and the like can be generated after the volatile matters are heated. In the sintering process, the fuel burns and generates a large amount of heat and also generates a large amount of pollutants such as SO 2, nitrogen oxides and the like, SO that the atmospheric environment is seriously polluted; and the sintering heat is provided by adopting the combustion of the coke powder and the pulverized coal, so that the sintering process can not be effectively controlled, and the sintering effect can not be ensured.
Related patents have been disclosed for the preparation process of sintered ore through searching. For example, chinese patent application number 200820058392.7 discloses a sintering machine cycle sintering exhaust system configuration comprising an exhaust system, a sintering machine, an ignition furnace, a sintering stack, and a bellows arranged in sequence; the device also comprises a circulating sintering fan cover, a fan, a dust remover and an exhaust gas separation device; the fan housing is arranged above the material surface of the sintering machine beside the ignition furnace; the tail part of the large flue is connected with a pipeline communicated to the fan housing; the fan is arranged on a pipeline leading to the fan housing; the dust remover is arranged on a pipeline leading to the fan and the fan cover; the first exhaust gas isolation device is arranged in a pipeline arranged between the tail part of the large flue and the dust remover, and the second exhaust gas isolation device is arranged in the large flue of the tail bellows of the sintering machine. Although the application can save energy and reduce emission to a certain extent, a great amount of gas pollutants can be generated when fuel is combusted in the ignition furnace of the application, the environment is polluted, and the whole design of the application needs to be further improved.
For another example, chinese patent application number 201910861614.1 discloses a magnetite carbonless sintering method based on electromagnetic induction, which provides a method of compacting vanadium titano-magnetite and additives, and then heating and roasting in an electromagnetic induction furnace to obtain sintered ore. Although carbon is not added, electric energy is used as a heat source, pollution is reduced, but the electromagnetic induction furnace has limited volume, large-scale continuous production cannot be realized, and electric energy is used as a substitute heat source, so that the production cost is huge.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The invention aims to solve the problems that in the existing production process of sintered ores, coke powder and coal dust are used as fuel to provide heat, so that a large amount of pollutants such as CO 2、SO2 and nitrogen oxides are generated, and the sintering process cannot be controlled, and provides a carbon-free sintering method for providing heat by adopting high wind temperature. The technical scheme of the invention can effectively solve the problem of environmental pollution during the production of the sinter, greatly reduce the emission of pollutants in the sintering process while meeting the requirements of normal production output, and has controllable hot air temperature, convenient control of the sintering process and better practicability.
2. Technical proposal
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
According to the carbon-free sintering method adopting high air temperature to provide heat, the plurality of hot air covers are correspondingly arranged above the sintering trolley, the hot air covers are communicated with the flue gas furnace through the pipelines, after the material distribution on the sintering trolley is finished, the sintering trolley is started, hot air is provided for the hot air covers through the flue gas furnace, then the hot air in the hot air covers passes through the sintering trolley by utilizing the exhaust fan below the sintering trolley, and sintering heat is provided through the high hot air of the flue gas furnace to perform sintering.
Still further, the hot-blast cover includes low temperature hot-blast cover and the high temperature hot-blast cover that follows the sintering pallet advancing direction and set gradually, and this low temperature hot-blast cover and high temperature hot-blast cover are linked together with the flue gas stove through the pipeline respectively, and are close to the air outlet that sintering pallet material loading end still links to each other with the air exhauster through the pipeline, utilize the air exhauster to make the hot-blast in the hot-blast cover pass the sintering pallet to circulate and send to the low temperature hot-blast cover after the pipeline cooling.
Further, the feeding end of the sintering trolley is correspondingly provided with a feeding unit, the feeding unit comprises a sintering raw material bin, a cylinder mixer and a mixing bin which are sequentially connected in a conveying manner, and the mixing bin is correspondingly positioned above the feeding end of the sintering trolley; and the blanking end of the sintering trolley is correspondingly provided with a crushing and cooling unit.
Further, the carbon-free sintering method specifically comprises the following steps:
Step one, raw material proportioning
Weighing raw materials in each sintering raw material bin according to a set dosage, and discharging the raw materials to a feeding belt;
step two, evenly mixing and granulating
The raw materials in each sintering raw material bin are conveyed into a cylinder mixer by using a feeding belt, are wetted by adding water and uniformly mixed to form a mixture, and are then filled into the mixing bin by the feeding belt;
Step three, bedding and distributing materials
Paving a base material on the sintering trolley to form a filter layer, and uniformly distributing the filter layer along the height direction of the trolley according to the specified thickness of the material layer;
Step four, burning in a smoke furnace
Introducing combustible gas into the flue gas furnace to enable the combustible gas to be combusted in the furnace of the flue gas furnace to form high-temperature gas, and enabling the high-temperature gas to enter a high-temperature hot air cover and a low-temperature hot air cover through pipelines to provide heat in a sintering process;
step five, exhausting and sintering
Opening an exhaust fan below the sintering trolley, forming negative pressure by using the exhaust fan, enabling hot air in the upper hot air cover to pass through the sintering trolley from top to bottom, cooling waste gas passing through the sintering trolley by using the exhaust fan, and then sending the waste gas into a low-temperature hot air cover, and controlling the air temperature of the low-temperature hot air cover by mixing cold air and hot air to preheat the sintered ore;
Step six, cooling the sinter
After the sintering process is finished, the sintering ore on the sintering trolley enters a crushing and cooling system, and is conveyed to a finished product bin by a belt after being crushed and cooled.
Furthermore, a flow regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the low-temperature high-temperature hot air hood and the flue gas furnace, a flow regulating valve is also arranged on a connecting pipeline between the low-temperature hot air hood and the flue gas furnace as well as an exhaust fan, and temperature detection devices are also arranged on the low-temperature high-temperature hot air hood and the low-temperature hot air hood respectively.
Furthermore, the lower part of the sintering trolley is correspondingly provided with a plurality of exhaust pipes which are distributed at intervals, a main air pipe is arranged below the exhaust pipes, the exhaust pipes are communicated with the main air pipe, and the exhaust pipes are connected with an air inlet of an exhaust fan through the main air pipe.
Further, the temperature of the hot air in the low-temperature hot air cover is set to 1300-1350 ℃, and the temperature of the hot air in the low-temperature hot air cover is set to 800-850 ℃.
Further, the raw materials comprise uniformly mixed mineral powder, return mineral, limestone, dolomite, quick lime and iron-containing waste; the granularity of the mixture in the second step is 5-10mm.
Furthermore, the bottom material in the third step is sintered ore without fuel, the thickness of the bottom material is 20-40mm, and the granularity is 10-20mm; and in the third step, the thickness of the material layer is set to 700-800mm.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the carbon-free sintering method adopting high air temperature to provide heat, the plurality of hot air covers are correspondingly arranged above the sintering trolley, the hot air covers are communicated with the flue gas furnace, high-temperature gas generated by combustion in the flue gas furnace is used for replacing coke powder and coal dust to provide heat required by sintering, SO that carbon-free sintering is realized, pollutants such as SO 2 and nitrogen oxides generated by combustion of ash, volatile matters, sulfur and the like in the coke powder and the coal dust are effectively avoided, the pollutant emission in the sintering process is greatly reduced while the normal production yield requirement is met, the long-term use is further realized, the flue gas furnace is adopted for providing high-temperature hot air, the hot air temperature is controllable, the sintering process is convenient to control, and the practicability is strong.
(2) According to the carbon-free sintering method adopting high-temperature air to provide heat, the low-temperature hot air cover and the high-temperature hot air cover are sequentially arranged above the sintering trolley along the travelling direction of the sintering trolley, the low-temperature hot air cover and the high-temperature hot air cover are respectively communicated with the flue gas furnace and are communicated with the air outlet of the exhaust fan, so that the hot air temperature can be regulated according to production requirements, the hot air temperature in the low-temperature hot air cover is regulated by mixing the hot air and the cold air, the sintering of the mixture is realized by utilizing the cooperation of the low-temperature hot air cover and the high-temperature hot air cover, the sintering effect of sinter is improved, the control of the sintering process and the output regulation matched with the production plan of the blast furnace are realized, and the waste gas recovered by the exhaust fan is also used for preheating the sinter, thereby realizing the recycling of resources.
(3) According to the carbonless sintering method adopting high air temperature to provide heat, the flow regulating valves are arranged on the connecting pipelines between the high-temperature hot air cover and the flue gas furnace, and the flow regulating valves are also respectively arranged on the connecting pipelines between the low-temperature hot air cover and the flue gas furnace and the exhaust fan. And the two hot air covers are also respectively provided with a temperature detection device for displaying temperature and providing a direction for regulating the air temperature by the regulating valve.
(4) According to the carbon-free sintering method for providing heat by adopting high air temperature, the high hot air generated in the flue gas furnace is used as a heat source, the hot air temperature in the high-temperature hot air cover and the low-temperature hot air cover is strictly controlled, the granularity of the mixture and the granularity and thickness of the paving base material are optimized, and the thickness of the material layer during material distribution is controlled, so that the sintering temperature of the material layer can be effectively controlled, the sintering effect of sintered ores is improved, and the production requirement is met; and the coke oven gas generated in the coke oven coking process is used as fuel, so that gas resources in enterprises are fully utilized, and high hot air does not participate in chemical reaction in the sintering process, only heat required in the sintering process is provided, so that pollutants generated by burning coke powder and coal dust are effectively avoided, the emission of pollutants in the sintering process is reduced, and the carbon-free sintering is realized, so that the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are realized, and the economic benefit is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the carbon-free sintering system of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. sintering raw material bin; 2. a feeding belt; 3. a cylinder mixer; 4. a mixing bin; 5. sintering trolley; 6. a low temperature hot air hood; 7. a high temperature hot air hood; 8. a flue gas furnace; 9. an exhaust fan; 10. a crushing and cooling system; 11. a main air pipe; 12. an exhaust pipe.
Detailed Description
At present, the traditional sinter production process generally adopts coke powder and coal powder as fuel to provide sintering heat, and when the fuel burns, a large amount of heat is generated, a large amount of pollutants such as SO 2, nitrogen oxides and the like are also generated, SO that the atmosphere is seriously polluted; and the sintering heat is provided by adopting the combustion of the coke powder and the pulverized coal, the sintering process can not be effectively controlled, and the sintering effect can not be ensured.
In order to solve the above problems, as shown in fig. 1, a carbon-free sintering method using high wind temperature to provide heat according to the present invention actually adopts a carbon-free sintering system, the system includes a sintering trolley 5, a flue gas furnace 8 and an exhaust fan 9, a plurality of hot air covers are correspondingly arranged above the sintering trolley 5, and the hot air covers are communicated with the flue gas furnace 8 through a pipeline and are used for providing sintering heat. After the material is distributed on the sintering trolley 5, the sintering trolley 5 is started, hot air is supplied to the hot air cover through the gas furnace 8, then the hot air in the hot air cover passes through the sintering trolley 5 by utilizing the hot air below the sintering trolley 5, and sintering heat is supplied through high hot air of the gas furnace 8 to perform sintering. A plurality of exhaust pipes 12 which are distributed at intervals are correspondingly arranged below the sintering trolley 5, and the exhaust pipes 12 are connected with an air inlet of the exhaust fan 9. According to the invention, the plurality of hot air covers are correspondingly arranged above the sintering trolley 5 and are communicated with the flue gas furnace 8, and as the high-temperature gas temperature generated by combustion of the fuel in the flue gas furnace 8 can reach 1300 ℃, the high-temperature gas generated by combustion of the fuel in the flue gas furnace 8 can be used for replacing coke powder and coal dust to provide heat required by sintering, the high-temperature hot air generated by the fuel gas furnace 8 can meet the requirement of the sintering process, and further, the carbon-free sintering is realized, the addition of fuel such as coke powder and coal dust is not needed in the sintering process, SO 2 and pollutants such as nitrogen oxides generated by combustion of ash, volatile matters, sulfur components and the like in the coke powder and the coal dust are avoided, and the pollutant emission in the sintering process is greatly reduced while the normal production yield requirement is met, SO that the furnace can be used for a long time, the economic benefit is better, the high-temperature hot air is provided by the flue gas furnace 8, the hot air temperature is controllable, the sintering process is convenient to control, and the practicability is strong.
The hot air cover comprises a low-temperature hot air cover 6 and a high-temperature hot air cover 7, the low-temperature hot air cover 6 and the high-temperature hot air cover 7 are sequentially arranged above the sintering trolley 5 along the travelling direction of the sintering trolley 5, and air openings of the hot air covers correspond to materials above the sintering trolley 5; the low-temperature hot air cover 6 and the high-temperature hot air cover 7 are respectively communicated with the top of the flue gas furnace 8 through pipelines, and hot air is provided for the high-temperature hot air cover 7 and the low-temperature hot air cover 6 by the flue gas furnace 8; the low-temperature hot air hood 6 near the feeding end of the sintering trolley 5 is further connected with an air outlet of the exhaust fan 9 through a pipeline, hot air in the low-temperature hot air hood 6 and the high-temperature hot air hood 7 passes through the sintering trolley 5 by using the exhaust fan 9, is circularly sent to the low-temperature hot air hood 6 after being cooled through the pipeline, and the air temperature of the low-temperature hot air hood 6 is controlled through mixing of cold and hot air, so that the mixture sequentially passes through the low-temperature hot air hood 6 and the high-temperature hot air hood 7 to be sintered. According to the invention, the low-temperature hot air cover 6 and the high-temperature hot air cover 7 are arranged, the low-temperature hot air cover 6 and the high-temperature hot air cover 7 are respectively communicated with the flue gas furnace 8, and the low-temperature hot air cover 6 is communicated with the air outlet of the exhaust fan, so that the hot air temperature serving as a heat source can be regulated according to production requirements, the hot air temperature in the low-temperature hot air cover 6 is regulated by mixing the cold air and the hot air according to yield requirements, the sintering of the mixture is realized by utilizing the cooperation of the low-temperature hot air cover 6 and the high-temperature hot air cover 7, the sintering effect of the sinter is improved, the control of the sintering process and the yield regulation matched with a high-furnace production plan are realized, and the exhaust gas recovered by the exhaust fan 9 is also used for preheating the sinter, so that resources are saved, and the resource waste is effectively avoided.
The high-temperature hot air hood is characterized in that a flow regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the high-temperature hot air hood 7 and the flue gas furnace 8, and flow regulating valves (specific positions of the flow regulating valves are not shown in fig. 1) are also respectively arranged on the connecting pipeline between the low-temperature hot air hood 6 and the flue gas furnace 8 and the exhaust fan 9, and the opening of the flow regulating valves can be controlled according to the production yield requirement and the material layer thickness of cloth by arranging the flow regulating valves, so that the flow of the flue gas furnace 8 and the flow of exhaust gas are controlled by the opening of the flow regulating valves, the hot air temperature in the low-temperature hot air hood 6 is controlled, and the air speed can be regulated by proportionally increasing and decreasing the flow, and the air speed is changed while the air temperature is stable. The opening of the flow regulating valve is utilized to control the temperature and the wind speed of hot air in the high-temperature low-temperature hot air cover, when the material layer is thicker, the opening of the flow regulating valve is correspondingly larger, when the yield demand is increased, the opening of the flow regulating valve can be increased, the hot air size is increased, the wind temperature is increased, the machine speed of the sintering trolley 5 is synchronously increased, the sintering process is accelerated, the yield is increased, and the production demand is met. The high-temperature hot air cover 7 and the low-temperature hot air cover 6 are respectively provided with a temperature detection device (the specific positions of the temperature detection devices are not shown in fig. 1), the temperature detection devices can adopt the existing temperature detection devices, such as a thermometer, and the like, and the temperature detection devices are correspondingly arranged at the hot air outlets of the high-temperature hot air cover 7 and the low-temperature hot air cover 6 and are used for detecting and displaying the air temperature in the high-temperature hot air cover 7 and the low-temperature hot air cover 6, so that the direction is provided for adjusting the air temperature by the regulating valve. A main air pipe 11 is correspondingly arranged below the exhaust pipe 12, and the exhaust pipe 12 is communicated with the main air pipe 11 and is connected with an air inlet of the exhaust fan 9 through the main air pipe 11. Exhaust gas passing through the sintering pallet 5 is collected by the exhaust gas pipe 12 through the exhaust fan 9, and is circularly sent into the low-temperature hot-air cover 6 through the main gas pipe 11, the exhaust fan 9 and the connecting pipeline, so that the air temperature in the low-temperature hot-air cover 6 is controlled, and the recycling is realized. The feeding end of the sintering trolley 5 is correspondingly provided with a feeding unit, the feeding unit comprises a sintering raw material bin 1, a cylinder mixer 3 and a mixing bin 4 which are sequentially connected in a conveying mode, the mixing bins 4 are correspondingly located above the feeding end of the sintering trolley 5, raw materials are fed into the cylinder mixer 3 by the raw material sintering bins 1 through feeding belts 2 and uniformly mixed into mixed materials, the mixed materials are fed into the mixing bin 4 by the feeding belts 2, and the mixed materials are transported to the sintering trolley 5 through the mixing bin 4. The blanking end of the sintering trolley 5 is correspondingly provided with a crushing and cooling unit 10 for crushing and cooling the sintered ore, and then the sintered ore is conveyed to a finished product bin by a belt to complete the whole sintering process.
The invention relates to a carbon-free sintering method for providing heat by adopting high wind temperature, which comprises the following steps:
Step one, raw material proportioning
Each sintering raw material bin 1 weighs raw materials according to a set dosage and then discharges the raw materials to a feeding belt 2. The raw materials comprise iron ore powder, return ores, limestone, dolomite, quick lime and uniformly mixed iron-containing waste, wherein the iron ore powder and the iron-containing waste (the iron-containing waste comprises blast furnace dust, iron scale and the like) are iron-containing raw materials, and the limestone, the dolomite and the quick lime are used as solvents; and the predetermined proportion can be 60% of uniformly mixed mineral powder (iron mineral powder), 25% of return ore, 4% of limestone, 5% of dolomite, 3% of quicklime and 3% of iron-containing waste.
Step two, evenly mixing and granulating
The raw materials in each sintering raw material bin 1 are conveyed into a cylinder mixer 3 by a feeding belt 2, and are wetted and uniformly mixed by adding water, so that the moisture, granularity and components of the mixture are uniformly distributed; in the rolling process, the fine materials are gathered into clusters, continuously compacted and grown to finally form a mixture with the granularity of 5-10mm, and then the mixture is filled into a mixing bin 4 through a feeding belt 2.
Step three, bedding and distributing materials
In order to prevent powder from being pumped out of the grate slits and reduce the dust content of waste gas, paving a bottom material on the sintering trolley 5 to form a filter layer, wherein the bottom material is sintered ore without fuel, the granularity of the bottom material is 10-20mm, the thickness of the bottom material is 20-40mm, and the thickness of the bottom material is preferably 30mm; and then uniformly distributing the materials along the height direction of the trolley according to the specified thickness of the material layer on the basis of the base material, wherein the thickness of the material layer is set to 700-800mm, generally 700mm, and the material layer can be adjusted according to the production requirement and the completion condition of the bottom sintering ore.
Step four, the flue gas furnace 8 burns
The method comprises the steps of (1) introducing combustible gas into a gas furnace, wherein the combustible gas can be coke oven gas generated in the coking process, namely, introducing the coke oven gas and air into the gas furnace, and controlling the proportion within a safe range, wherein the coke oven gas mainly comprises H 2 (accounting for 50% -60%) and CH 4 (accounting for 22% -30%), and a small amount of CO, CO 2 and the like, and the formed high-temperature gas mainly comprises CO 2, H 2 O, and the heat value of the high-temperature gas is 15GJ/km 3; the combustible gas is combusted in the flue gas furnace 8 to form high-temperature gas of CO 2 and H 2 O, and the high-temperature gas enters the high-temperature hot air cover 7 and the low-temperature hot air cover 6 through pipelines, the flue gas furnace 8 is utilized to control the air temperature, and the high-temperature hot air temperature in the high-temperature hot air cover 7 is regulated to be about 1300-1350 ℃, preferably 1350 ℃ through temperature regulation, so that the heat of the sintering process can be provided.
Step five, exhausting and sintering
The exhaust fan 9 below the sintering pallet 5 is opened, negative pressure is formed to be-15 kpa by the exhaust fan 9, so that hot air sources in the upper high-temperature hot air hood 7 and the low-temperature hot air hood 6 continuously pass through the sintering pallet 5 from top to bottom, waste gas passing through the sintering pallet 5 is extracted from the waste gas pipes 12 by the exhaust fan 9, as each waste gas pipe 12 is communicated with the main air pipe 11, the main air pipe 11 is communicated with an air inlet of the exhaust fan 9, an air outlet of the exhaust fan 9 is communicated with the low-temperature hot air hood 6 through a pipeline, and the waste gas is sent into the low-temperature hot air hood 6 through the main air pipe 11, the exhaust fan 9 and a connecting pipeline, at the moment, the waste gas is cooled to a lower temperature, and is simultaneously communicated with the flue gas furnace 8, and the mixed air supply is carried out by the two, so that the air temperature in the low-temperature hot air hood 6 is controlled to be about 800-850 ℃, and the ore is preferably preheated. The area of the sintering trolley 5 is 380m 2, when the sintering trolley advances at the speed of 1.5m/min, the mixture distributed on the sintering trolley firstly passes through a low-temperature hot air cover 6, and the mixture undergoes a preheating process by utilizing low hot air from top to bottom to generate a solid-phase reaction; the preheated mixture gradually passes through the high-temperature hot air cover 7 and enters a high-temperature hot air area, the mixture continuously undergoes chemical reaction by using high-temperature hot air from top to bottom, low-melting-point compounds are gradually formed, and iron ore powder is bonded to form porous sintered ores with certain strength.
In the sintering process, the opening degree of the flow regulating valve can be controlled according to the production yield and the material layer thickness. When the opening degree of the flow regulating valve between the low-temperature heat fan housing 6 and the flue gas furnace 8 is properly increased, the opening degree of the flow regulating valve between the low-temperature heat fan housing 6 and the air extractor 9 is reduced, and the temperature of hot air in the low-temperature heat fan housing 6 can be effectively reduced; otherwise, the temperature of the hot air in the low-temperature hot air hood 6 is increased. If the material layer is thicker, the opening of the corresponding flow regulating valve on the low-temperature hot-air cover 7 can be properly increased, the opening of the flow regulating valve between the low-temperature hot-air cover 6 and the flue gas furnace 8 is increased, and the opening of the flow regulating valve between the low-temperature hot-air cover 6 and the air extractor 9 is reduced, so that the hot-air temperature and the wind speed are increased, and the sintering requirement of the hot-air furnace can be met; if the material layer is thinner, the opening of the corresponding flow regulating valve on the low-temperature hot-air cover 7 can be properly reduced, the opening of the flow regulating valve between the low-temperature hot-air cover 6 and the air extractor 9 is increased, and the opening of the flow regulating valve between the low-temperature hot-air cover 6 and the flue gas furnace 8 is reduced, so that the wind speed and the wind temperature of hot air are reduced, and the sintering requirement of the low-temperature hot-air can be met. When the output demand increases, the opening degree of the corresponding flow regulating valve can be increased or reduced, the hot air temperature and the wind speed are improved, the machine speed of the sintering trolley 5 is synchronously improved, the sintering process is accelerated, the increase of the output is realized, and the production demand is met.
Step six, cooling the sinter
The sinter gradually passes through the hot air area to finish the sintering process. After the sintering process is finished, the sintered ore on the sintering trolley 5 enters a crushing and cooling system 10, is crushed into blocks through a crusher, enters a belt type cooler for cooling, and is conveyed to a finished product bin through a belt after being cooled, so that the whole sintering process is finished.
According to the invention, high hot air generated by combustion of fuel in the flue gas furnace 8 is used as a heat source, meanwhile, the hot air temperature in the high-temperature hot air cover 7 and the low-temperature hot air cover 6 is strictly controlled, the granularity of the mixture and the granularity and thickness of the laying base material are optimized, and meanwhile, the thickness of the material layer during material distribution is controlled, so that the sintering temperature of the material layer can be effectively controlled, the sintering effect of sintered ores is improved, and the production requirement is met; and the coke oven gas generated in the coking process of the coke oven is used as fuel, the gas resources in enterprises are fully utilized, and the introduced gases such as CO 2, H 2 O and the like are used as high-heat gas after combustion in the flue gas oven, so that pollutants generated by combustion of coke powder and coal dust are effectively avoided, and the high-heat air does not participate in the chemical reaction in the sintering process, only the heat required in the sintering process is provided, so that the emission of the pollutants in the sintering process is further reduced, and the carbon-free sintering is realized, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are realized. In addition, the sintering heat is provided by adopting high hot air, small-particle coke and raw materials can be mixed together, and the small-particle coke can be recycled, so that compared with the traditional large-particle coke which can only be selected and used, the resource is effectively saved.
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments.
Example 1
The carbon-free sintering method adopting high wind temperature to provide heat in the embodiment comprises the following specific steps: weighing raw materials in each sintering raw material bin 1 according to a set dosage, discharging the raw materials onto a feeding belt 2, conveying the raw materials in each sintering raw material bin 1 into a cylinder mixer 3 to form a mixture with the granularity of 10mm, and then loading the mixture into a mixing bin 4; paving a base material on the sintering trolley 5, wherein the base material adopts sintering ores which have granularity of 10mm, thickness of 20mm and no fuel, and then uniformly distributing along the height direction of the trolley, and the thickness of a material layer is 800mm; then, introducing combustible gas into the flue gas furnace 8 to enable the flue gas furnace 8 to burn to form high-temperature gas, and enabling the high-temperature gas to enter the high-temperature hot air cover 7 and the low-temperature hot air cover 6 through pipelines, and controlling the temperature of the high-temperature gas in the flue gas furnace 8 to enable the temperature of the high-temperature hot air introduced into the high-temperature hot air cover 7 to be 1350 ℃; then negative pressure is formed by using an exhaust fan 9 below the sintering trolley 5, so that hot air in the high-temperature hot air cover 7 and the low-temperature hot air cover 6 passes through the sintering trolley 5 from top to bottom, waste gas passing through the sintering trolley 5 is cooled by a main air pipe 11, the exhaust fan 9 and a connecting pipeline and then is sent into the low-temperature hot air cover 6, the air temperature in the low-temperature hot air cover 6 is controlled to be 850 ℃ by mixing cold and hot air, and the mixture distributed on the trolley is preheated by the low-temperature hot air cover 6 to generate solid-phase reaction, then enters a high-temperature hot air area by the high-temperature hot air cover 7, and finally forms sintered ores; after the sintering process is finished, the sintered ore on the sintering trolley 5 enters a crushing and cooling system 10, and is conveyed to a finished product bin by a belt after being crushed and cooled.
Example 2
The specific steps of the carbon-free sintering method for providing heat by adopting high wind temperature in the embodiment are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the granularity of the mixture is 5mm; the granularity of the base material adopted in the process of laying the base material is 20mm, and the thickness is 40mm; the thickness of the material layer during the material distribution is 700mm; the temperature of hot air in the high-temperature hot air cover 7 is 1300 ℃; the hot air temperature in the low-temperature hot air hood 6 is 800 ℃.
Example 3
The specific steps of the carbon-free sintering method for providing heat by adopting high wind temperature in the embodiment are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the granularity of the mixture is 8mm; the granularity of the base material adopted in the process of laying the base material is 15mm, and the thickness is 30mm; the thickness of the material layer during the material distribution is 750mm; the temperature of hot air in the high-temperature hot air cover 7 is 1330 ℃; the hot air temperature in the low-temperature hot air hood 6 is 820 ℃.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above by way of illustration and not limitation, and the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the drawings in which the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, the structural mode and the embodiments similar to the technical scheme are not creatively designed without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A carbon-free sintering method for providing heat by adopting high wind temperature is characterized in that: a plurality of hot air covers are correspondingly arranged above the sintering trolley (5), the hot air covers are communicated with the flue gas furnace (8) through pipelines, after the material distribution on the sintering trolley (5) is finished, the sintering trolley (5) is started, hot air is supplied to the hot air covers through the flue gas furnace (8), then the hot air in the hot air covers passes through the sintering trolley (5) by utilizing an exhaust fan (9) below the sintering trolley (5), and sintering heat is supplied by high hot air of the flue gas furnace (8), so that sintering is performed;
The hot air cover comprises a low-temperature hot air cover (6) and a high-temperature hot air cover (7) which are sequentially arranged along the travelling direction of the sintering trolley (5), the low-temperature hot air cover (6) and the high-temperature hot air cover (7) are respectively communicated with the flue gas furnace (8) through pipelines, the low-temperature hot air cover (6) close to the feeding end of the sintering trolley (5) is also connected with an air outlet of an exhaust fan (9) through a pipeline, and hot air in the hot air cover passes through the sintering trolley (5) through the exhaust fan (9) and is circularly sent to the low-temperature hot air cover (6) after being cooled through the pipeline;
The carbon-free sintering method specifically comprises the following steps:
Step one, raw material proportioning
Weighing raw materials by each sintering raw material bin (1) according to a set dosage, and discharging the raw materials to a feeding belt (2);
step two, evenly mixing and granulating
The raw materials in each sintering raw material bin (1) are conveyed into a cylinder mixer (3) by using a feeding belt (2), are wetted by water and mixed uniformly to form a mixture, and then are filled into a mixing bin (4) by the feeding belt (2);
Step three, bedding and distributing materials
Paving a base material on the sintering trolley (5) to form a filter layer, and uniformly distributing the filter layer along the height direction of the trolley according to the specified thickness of the material layer; the bottom material in the third step is sintered ore without fuel, the thickness is 20-40mm, and the granularity is 10-20mm; the thickness of the material layer in the third step is set to 700-800mm;
Step four, burning in a smoke furnace (8)
Introducing combustible gas into the flue gas furnace (8) to enable the combustible gas to be burnt in the furnace of the flue gas furnace (8) to form high-temperature gas, and enabling the high-temperature gas to enter a high-temperature hot air cover (7) and a low-temperature hot air cover (6) through pipelines to provide heat in a sintering process; the temperature of hot air in the high-temperature hot air cover (7) is set to 1300-1350 ℃, and the temperature of hot air in the low-temperature hot air cover (6) is set to 800-850 ℃;
step five, exhausting and sintering
Opening an exhaust fan (9) below the sintering trolley (5), forming negative pressure by using the exhaust fan (9), enabling hot air in the upper hot air cover to pass through the sintering trolley (5) from top to bottom, cooling waste gas passing through the sintering trolley (5) by using the exhaust fan (9), then sending the waste gas into a low-temperature hot air cover (6), and controlling the air temperature of the low-temperature hot air cover (6) through mixing of cold air and hot air to preheat the sintering ores;
Step six, cooling the sinter
After the sintering process is finished, the sintering ore on the sintering trolley (5) enters a crushing and cooling system (10), and is crushed and cooled and then conveyed to a finished product bin by a belt.
2. A carbon-free sintering method using high wind temperature to provide heat according to claim 1, wherein: the feeding end of the sintering trolley (5) is correspondingly provided with a feeding unit, the feeding unit comprises a sintering raw material bin (1), a cylinder mixer (3) and a mixing bin (4) which are sequentially connected in a conveying manner, and the mixing bin (4) is correspondingly positioned above the feeding end of the sintering trolley (5); the blanking end of the sintering trolley (5) is correspondingly provided with a crushing and cooling system (10).
3. A carbon-free sintering method using high wind temperature to provide heat according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein: the high-temperature hot air hood (7) and the flue gas furnace (8) are provided with flow regulating valves on connecting pipelines, the low-temperature hot air hood (6) and the flue gas furnace (8) and the exhaust fan (9) are also provided with flow regulating valves on connecting pipelines respectively, and the high-temperature hot air hood (7) and the low-temperature hot air hood (6) are also provided with temperature detection devices respectively.
4. A carbon-free sintering method using high wind temperature to provide heat according to claim 3, wherein: the sintering pallet is characterized in that a plurality of exhaust gas pipes (12) which are arranged at intervals are correspondingly arranged below the sintering pallet (5), a main air pipe (11) is arranged below the exhaust gas pipes (12), the exhaust gas pipes (12) are communicated with the main air pipe (11), and the exhaust gas pipes are connected with an air inlet of an exhaust fan (9) through the main air pipe (11).
5. A carbon-free sintering method using high wind temperature to provide heat according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein: the raw materials comprise uniformly mixed mineral powder, return ore, limestone, dolomite, quicklime and iron-containing waste; the granularity of the mixture in the second step is 5-10mm.
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| CN1099421A (en) * | 1994-07-04 | 1995-03-01 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Belt-type roasting device and method using coal powder |
| CN109735702A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-10 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of sinter |
| CN110553501A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-10 | 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 | Hot air sintering system and method |
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1099421A (en) * | 1994-07-04 | 1995-03-01 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Belt-type roasting device and method using coal powder |
| CN109735702A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-10 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of sinter |
| CN110553501A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-10 | 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 | Hot air sintering system and method |
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