CN112813113B - Method for producing bio-oil by synergism of livestock and poultry manure - Google Patents

Method for producing bio-oil by synergism of livestock and poultry manure Download PDF

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CN112813113B
CN112813113B CN202011625821.6A CN202011625821A CN112813113B CN 112813113 B CN112813113 B CN 112813113B CN 202011625821 A CN202011625821 A CN 202011625821A CN 112813113 B CN112813113 B CN 112813113B
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戴佳亮
许生军
李洁
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Xingyuan Environment Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing bio-oil by livestock and poultry manure synergism, and relates to the technical field of waste resource recycling in animal husbandry. The method for producing the bio-oil by synergically fermenting the livestock and poultry manure comprises the steps of pre-fermenting the livestock and poultry manure, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain fermentation gas, a primary liquid product and a solid mixture, culturing microalgae by using the obtained primary liquid product and the fermentation gas, collecting the microalgae, mixing the microalgae with the solid mixture, and extracting by using an organic solvent to obtain the bio-oil. The invention discloses a method for producing bio-oil by livestock and poultry manure synergism, which is characterized in that livestock and poultry manure is fermented by microorganisms and then is used for culturing oil-producing microalgae, and finally bio-oil is obtained, so that the full recycling of wastes is realized, and the problem of treatment of manure and manure water is solved.

Description

Method for producing bio-oil by livestock and poultry manure synergism
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal husbandry waste resource recycling, in particular to a method for producing bio-oil by livestock and poultry manure synergism.
Background
At present, the treatment direction of the livestock and poultry manure is single, and the production of methane and the preparation of organic fertilizer are mainly used. For example, the present invention patent of China with the publication number of CN104649530B relates to a method for producing biogas and organic fertilizer by underground treatment of livestock and poultry manure in a breeding house, the invention patent of China with the publication number of CN110452853B discloses a method for applying bacillus to livestock and poultry manure treatment and organic fertilizer production, degradation products are mainly feed protein raw materials, the invention patent of China with the publication number of CN104876685B discloses a method for efficiently treating pig manure in a large scale by fly maggots, the treated pig manure can be used for producing organic fertilizer, and the treatment method of the livestock and poultry manure has the advantages of low economic added value of the obtained products, generation of toxic and harmful gases and greenhouse gases, and the problem of sewage treatment after manure treatment is not solved.
In addition, with the exhaustion of traditional fossil energy and the increasing environmental pollution, the search for a clean and renewable energy source has become a hot point of research. With the development of research, it is found that bio-oil can be used as a substitute for fossil fuel to generate heat, electricity and chemicals, can be applied to boiler burning and thermoelectric power generation in a short period of time, and can be applied to turbines and diesel engines in a long term of consideration.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to disclose a method for producing bio-oil by livestock and poultry manure synergism, which is characterized in that livestock and poultry manure is fermented by microorganisms and then is used for culturing oil-producing microalgae, and finally bio-oil is obtained, so that the full recycling of wastes is realized, and the problem of treatment of manure and manure water is solved.
The method comprises the steps of pre-fermenting livestock manure, performing solid-liquid separation to obtain fermentation gas, a primary liquid product and a solid mixture, culturing microalgae by using the obtained primary liquid product and the fermentation gas, collecting the microalgae, mixing the microalgae with the solid mixture, and extracting by using an organic solvent to obtain the bio-oil.
According to the method for producing the bio-oil by synergically fermenting the livestock and poultry manure, the livestock and poultry manure is used as a raw material, the fermentation gas generated by fermentation is mainly carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide is recycled to the microalgae culture and is used as a carbon source for photosynthesis of the microalgae, the emission reduction of CO2 is realized, and meanwhile, carbon elements are introduced into microalgae cells through a biological means, so that the increment of energy is realized, and the method has the advantages of environmental protection, energy conservation and reproducibility.
Further, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
pre-fermentation: uniformly mixing the livestock and poultry manure and the edible fungus substrate, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, adding cellulase, uniformly mixing, performing heat preservation fermentation, collecting fermentation gas generated by fermentation into a gas storage tank, and performing solid-liquid separation after fermentation to obtain a primary liquid product and a solid mixture; the edible fungus matrix and the livestock manure are mixed for use and are mutually supplemented, so that a better reaction environment can be provided for subsequent cellulase treatment, meanwhile, the livestock manure is pretreated by the cellulase, residual cellulose and partial nutrient substances in the livestock manure can be effectively decomposed, and a good culture matrix is provided for oil-producing microalgae culture.
Culturing microalgae: pumping the primary liquid product into a microalgae reactor, adding a nutritional additive, adding water to dilute to 2-3 times of the original volume to obtain a microalgae culture solution, inoculating microalgae into the microalgae culture solution, simultaneously putting a composite strain, starting the microalgae reactor, introducing air, intermittently introducing a fermentation gas, maintaining the pH value at 7.2-7.5, and culturing the microalgae for 18-25d; the addition of the PH buffer solution, the nutrient additive and the composite strain provides a good growing environment for the microalgae, improves the light transmittance, reasonably constructs the mutualistic symbiosis relationship of the microalgae, and has synergistic effect on the biomass and metabolite yield of the microalgae.
Oil extraction: collecting the cultured microalgae, adding a solid mixture, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into an oil extraction reaction kettle, removing air, extracting oil for 5-20h at the temperature of 250-400 ℃ and under the pressure of 1.5-2.5MPa, cooling the oil extraction reaction kettle to room temperature after oil extraction is finished, introducing a gas-phase product into a microalgae reactor, adding an organic solvent into a liquid-phase product for extraction, collecting an organic phase, removing the solvent from the organic phase through flash evaporation to obtain crude oil, and delivering a water phase into the microalgae reactor for recycling. The collected microalgae and the solid mixture are mixed for oil extraction, and the edible fungus matrix and the cellulase contained in the solid mixture can generate biological synergistic catalysis effect under the oil extraction condition of the invention, thereby promoting the transformation and extraction of the biological oil.
Further, the organic solvent is any one of amyl acetate, amyl formate and hexane.
Further, the microalgae reactor comprises three tubular reactors and a mixing tank which are connected in series, and a white fluorescent light source is arranged in the centers of the three tubular reactors.
Due to the structural arrangement of the microalgae reactor, microalgae can be better cultured and cultivated, and a way for fully utilizing tail gas after fermentation and oil extraction is provided.
Further, the light source for microalgae culture adopts a combined mode of a fluorescent light source and a solar light source, and is increased to 2500-15000lux after the time proportion of a white fluorescent light source to the solar light source is 1-1.
The fluorescent light source and the solar light source are recycled, so that the range of an illumination wave band is expanded, and the microalgae can grow to provide illumination energy; the light length in the later period is increased, and necessary energy is provided for the extended growth of the microalgae.
Further, the microalgae species are one or more of Scenedesmus obliquus, chlorella vulgaris, spirulina and pseudocytomonas sp, and the inoculation density of the microalgae in the microalgae culture solution is 8 × 10 6 ～11×10 6 One per mL.
Furthermore, the dosage of the edible fungus matrix is 2-6% of the mass of the livestock and poultry manure, and the dosage of the cellulase is 0.8-2.0% of the mass of the livestock and poultry manure.
Further, the nutritional additive comprises NaHCO 3 、KH 2 PO 4 、NH 2 CONH 2 Said NaHCO 3 、KH 2 PO 4 、NH 2 CONH 2 The addition amount of the compound is 1000mg/L-2000mg/L, 800mg/L-1800mg/L and 800mg/L-1800mg/L respectively.
Further, the composite strain is compounded by yeast, lactobacillus and bacillus, the addition amount of the composite strain is 200mg/L-500mg/L, and the proportion of the yeast, the lactobacillus and the bacillus is (1.1-1.3) to 1 (0.5-0.8).
Further, the culture temperature of the microalgae reactor is 25-30 ℃, the air ventilation amount is 2.5-3.5L/min, and CO is introduced every 6 hours 2 The ventilation amount is 4.5-5.5L/min, and the ventilation time is 30-60 min.
Further, in the step of culturing the microalgae, a small amount of aspergillus or trichoderma is added after the microalgae are cultured for 16-22 days, and the addition amount is 100-200 mg/L.
In the late stage of microalgae culture, the addition of fungi such as aspergillus or trichoderma optimizes the culture conditions, so that the microalgae and the fungi form large-particle microalgae symbiotic spheres, and the bio-oil yield is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention discloses a method for producing bio-oil by livestock and poultry manure synergism, which is characterized in that livestock and poultry manure is fermented by microorganisms and then is used for culturing oil-producing microalgae, and finally bio-oil is obtained, so that the full recycling of wastes is realized, and the problem of treatment of manure and manure water is solved.
2. According to the method for producing the bio-oil by synergically utilizing the livestock and poultry manure, the structure of the microalgae reactor is designed, the microalgae culture conditions are matched, the microalgae can be better cultured and cultivated, and a way for fully utilizing tail gas after fermentation and oil extraction is provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block flow diagram of a method for the synergistic production of bio-oil from livestock and poultry manure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for the synergistic production of bio-oil from livestock and poultry manure according to the invention;
the device comprises a reaction kettle 1, an oil extraction reaction kettle 2, a gas phase outlet 21, a first solid-liquid separator 3, a tubular reactor 4, a mixing tank 5, a microalgae culture solution outlet 51, an air outlet 52, a fluorescent light source 6, an air outlet pipe 7, a second solid-liquid separator 8, a distillation kettle 9, an air storage tank 10, a bacteria filter 11 and an air speed adjusting valve 12.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples below:
the invention relates to a method for producing bio-oil by enhancing the efficiency of livestock and poultry manure, which comprises a reaction kettle 1 and an oil extraction reaction kettle 2 which are connected by a pipeline, wherein a first solid-liquid separator 3 is also arranged between the reaction kettle 1 and the oil extraction reaction kettle 2, a material inlet of the first solid-liquid separator 3 is communicated with a material outlet of the reaction kettle 1, a solid outlet is communicated with a material inlet of the oil extraction reaction kettle 2, a liquid outlet is connected with a microalgae reactor, the microalgae reactor comprises three tubular reactors 4 and a mixing tank 5 which are connected in series, a white fluorescent light source 6 is arranged at the center of the three tubular reactors 4, an immersion heater is arranged at the bottom of the mixing tank 5, an air outlet 52 is arranged at the top, a microalgae culture liquid outlet 51 is arranged at a position 1/4 away from the top on the side wall of the mixing tank 5, an inlet of the tubular reactor 4 is arranged at the bottom, an outlet is arranged at the top, an inlet of the inlet is communicated with the microalgae culture liquid outlet 51, an air outlet pipe 7 is communicated with the inlet of the tubular reactor 4, an air inlet pipe is also communicated with the air inlet pipe, used for introducing air, the pipe orifice of the air outlet pipe 7 extends into the mixing tank 5 and is positioned below the liquid level, the mixing tank 5 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the first solid-liquid separator 3, the discharge port is communicated with the second solid-liquid separator 8, the solid outlet of the second solid-liquid separator 8 is communicated with the oil extraction reaction kettle 2, the liquid outlet is communicated with the mixing tank 5, the discharge port pipeline on the oil extraction reaction kettle 2 is connected with a distillation kettle 9, the oil extraction reaction kettle 2 is also provided with a gas phase outlet 21, the gas phase outlet 21 is communicated with the mixing tank 5, wherein, still be connected with gas holder 10 on the reation kettle 1, the gas outlet of gas holder 10 is linked together with the entry of tubular reactor 4, is provided with strain filter 11 and air speed regulating valve 12 on the pipeline between gas holder 10 and tubular reactor 4.
The first solid-liquid separator 3 and the second solid-liquid separator 8 may be a filter press, a membrane filter, or a centrifuge.
The method for producing the bio-oil by synergically utilizing the livestock and poultry manure comprises the steps of placing the livestock and poultry manure in a reaction kettle 1, performing pre-fermentation to obtain fermentation gas, collecting the fermentation gas in a gas storage tank 10, performing solid-liquid separation by using a first solid-liquid separator 3 to obtain a primary liquid product and a solid mixture, culturing microalgae in a microalgae reactor by using the obtained primary liquid product and the fermentation gas, mixing the microalgae with the solid mixture, and extracting by using an organic solvent to obtain the bio-oil.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
example one
Pre-fermentation: uniformly mixing 800kg of livestock and poultry manure and 50kg of edible fungus substrate, adding the mixture into a 1000L reaction kettle, adding 10kg of cellulase, uniformly mixing, heating the reaction kettle to 40 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and fermentation for 10 days, collecting fermentation gas generated in the fermentation process into a gas storage tank, and after the fermentation is finished, conveying the fermented mixture to a first solid-liquid separator for solid-liquid separation to obtain 580kg of primary liquid product and 275kg of solid mixture.
Culturing microalgae: the primary liquid product is pumped into a mixing tank of a microalgae reactor, and 0.8kg of NaHCO is added 3 、0.5kg KH 2 PO 4 、0.5kg NH 2 CONH 2 Diluting with water to 3 times of the original volume to obtain microalgae culture solution, detecting that the pH value of the microalgae culture solution is 7.2, inoculating chlorella and scenedesmus into the microalgae culture solution according to the mass ratio of 2 6 Adding 0.3kg of composite strain into each mL of the microalgae, wherein the composite strain is formed by mixing saccharomycetes, lactobacillus and bacillus according to the mass ratio of 1.1 to 0.8, uniformly stirring, starting a microalgae reactor, controlling the culture temperature to be 25-30 ℃, introducing air at the flow rate of 2.5L/min, and intermittently introducing fermentation gas (carbon dioxide) into a gas storage tank every 6 hours, wherein the ventilation rate is 5.0L/min, the pH value is maintained to be 7.2-7.5, and the ventilation time of the fermentation gas is 50min, namely when the microalgae is cultured, a microalgae culture solution is conveyed to the inlet of a pipeline reactor through a pump from a mixing tank, the mixed air and the fermentation gas of the microalgae culture solution flow through three pipeline reactors from bottom to top, and then conveyed back to the mixing tank from an outlet to start culturing the microalgae, after 18d is cultured, 0.08kg of aspergillus is added to enable the microalgae to form a sphere of large-particle microalgae, continuously culturing the microalgae, and the microalgae are cultured, and are lifted to a white fluorescent light source of 1110 h and 12h after the light source is used for light and light conversion, wherein the white fluorescent light source is used for 2h, and 2x light illumination is increased to 4000 h after the microalgae is increased;
oil extraction: collecting microalgae from a mixing tank after microalgae cultivation is finished, centrifuging, separating by a second solid-liquid separator, returning separated liquid to the mixing tank, adding the remaining solid into a solid mixture, uniformly mixing, putting into an oil extraction reaction kettle, sealing, exhausting air, continuously stirring for 10 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 300 ℃ and the pressure is 2.0MPa, cooling the oil extraction reaction kettle to room temperature after oil extraction is finished, introducing a gas-phase product into the mixing tank of a microalgae reactor, adding 100L of amyl acetate into a liquid-phase product for extraction, collecting an organic phase, removing a solvent from the organic phase by flash evaporation to obtain crude oil, conveying a water phase into the mixing tank of the microalgae reactor for recycling, and detecting that the crude oil yield is 15%.
Example two
Pre-fermentation: uniformly mixing 800kg of livestock and poultry manure and 16kg of edible fungus substrate, adding the mixture into a 1000L reaction kettle, adding 6.5kg of cellulase, uniformly mixing, heating the reaction kettle to 35 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and fermentation for 8d, collecting fermentation gas generated in the fermentation process into a gas storage tank, and after the fermentation is finished, conveying the fermented mixture to a first solid-liquid separator for solid-liquid separation to obtain 545kg of primary liquid product and 267kg of solid mixture.
Culturing microalgae: the primary liquid product is pumped into a mixing tank of a microalgae reactor, and 0.6kg of NaHCO is added 3 、1kg KH 2 PO 4 、0.5kg NH 2 CONH 2 Diluting with water to 3 times of the original volume to obtain microalgae culture solution, testing to obtain pH 7.3, inoculating Chlorella and Scenedesmus into the microalgae culture solution according to a mass ratio of 2 × 10 6 Adding 0.1kg of composite strain into each mL of the microalgae, wherein the composite strain is formed by mixing saccharomycetes, lactobacillus and bacillus according to a mass ratio of 1.3 to 0.6, uniformly stirring, starting a microalgae reactor, controlling the culture temperature to be 25-30 ℃, introducing air at a flow rate of 3.5L/min, and intermittently introducing fermentation gas (carbon dioxide) into a gas storage tank every 6 hours, wherein the ventilation rate is 4.5L/min, the pH value is maintained to be 7.2-7.5, and the ventilation time of the fermentation gas is 60min, namely when the microalgae is cultured, a microalgae culture solution is conveyed from a mixing tank to an inlet of a pipeline reactor through a pump, the microalgae culture solution is mixed with air and the fermentation gas, the microalgae culture solution flows through three pipeline reactors from bottom to top, and then is conveyed back to the mixing tank from an outlet to start culturing the microalgae, after 16d of microalgae is cultured, 0.05kg of aspergillus is added to enable the microalgae to form a sphere of large-particle microalgae, and the microalgae is cultured continuously, and then the microalgae is cultured, and is lifted to a white fluorescent light source 30011 h and then is used for 10h when the light source is used for cycle, wherein the light intensity is changed to 11h, wherein the white fluorescent light source is changed by 10x;
oil extraction: collecting microalgae from a mixing tank after microalgae cultivation is finished, centrifuging, separating by a second solid-liquid separator, returning separated liquid to the mixing tank, adding the remaining solid into a solid mixture, uniformly mixing, putting into an oil extraction reaction kettle, sealing, exhausting air, continuously stirring, extracting oil for 5 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 400 ℃ and the pressure is 2.5MPa, cooling the oil extraction reaction kettle to room temperature after oil extraction is finished, introducing a gas-phase product into the mixing tank of a microalgae reactor, adding 100L of hexane into a liquid-phase product for extraction, collecting an organic phase, removing a solvent from the organic phase by flash evaporation to obtain crude oil, conveying a water phase into the mixing tank of the microalgae reactor for recycling, and detecting that the crude oil yield is 18%.
EXAMPLE III
Pre-fermentation: uniformly mixing 800kg of livestock manure and 30kg of edible fungus matrix, adding the mixture into a 1000L reaction kettle, adding 16kg of cellulase, uniformly mixing, heating the reaction kettle to 30 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and fermentation for 5d, collecting fermentation gas generated in the fermentation process into a gas storage tank, and after the fermentation is finished, conveying the fermented mixture to a first solid-liquid separator for solid-liquid separation to obtain 565kg of primary liquid product and 275kg of solid mixture.
Culturing microalgae: the primary liquid product is pumped into a mixing tank of a microalgae reactor, and 1.1kg of NaHCO is added 3 、0.6kg KH 2 PO 4 、0.8kg NH 2 CONH 2 Diluting with water to 3 times of the original volume to obtain microalgae culture solution, testing to obtain pH 7.5, inoculating Chlorella and Scenedesmus into the microalgae culture solution according to a mass ratio of 2 6 And putting 0.2kg of composite strain into the reactor per mL simultaneously, wherein the composite strain is formed by mixing saccharomycetes, lactobacillus and bacillus according to the mass ratio of 1.1 to 0.5, uniformly stirring, starting a microalgae reactor, controlling the culture temperature to be 25-30 ℃, introducing air at the flow of 3.0L/min, intermittently introducing fermentation gas (carbon dioxide) into a gas storage tank every 6 hours, keeping the ventilation volume to be 5.5L/min, keeping the pH value to be 7.2-7.5, and introducing the fermentation gas for 30min, namely when culturing microalgae, conveying microalgae culture solution to the inlet of a pipeline reactor from a mixing tank through a pump, mixing air and the fermentation gas of the microalgae culture solution, and flowing through three pipeline reactors from bottom to top, and then feeding the mixture from the mixture to the inlet of the pipeline reactor through the fermentation gas by the pumpConveying the microalgae to a mixing tank from an outlet, starting culturing the microalgae, adding 0.11kg of aspergillus after culturing the microalgae for 22d to enable the microalgae to form a large-particle microalgae symbiotic sphere, continuously culturing the microalgae, co-culturing the microalgae for 25d, starting a fluorescent light source during the microalgae culturing period, adopting a solar light source alternate use mode, and performing light-dark circulation according to a ratio of 13;
oil extraction: collecting microalgae from a mixing tank after microalgae cultivation is finished, centrifuging, separating by a second solid-liquid separator, returning separated liquid to the mixing tank, adding the remaining solid into a solid mixture, uniformly mixing, putting into an oil extraction reaction kettle, sealing, exhausting air, continuously stirring, extracting oil for 20 hours at the temperature of 250 ℃ and under the pressure of 1.5MPa, cooling the oil extraction reaction kettle to room temperature after oil extraction is finished, introducing a gas-phase product into the mixing tank of a microalgae reactor, adding 100L of amyl formate into a liquid-phase product for extraction, collecting an organic phase, removing a solvent from the organic phase by flash evaporation to obtain crude oil, conveying a water phase into the mixing tank of the microalgae reactor for recycling, and detecting that the crude oil yield is 16.5%.
Example four
Compared with the first embodiment, the difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that after the microalgae culture is completed, the collected microalgae is pretreated before oil extraction, specifically:
after microalgae cultivation is finished, microalgae is collected from the mixing tank, after centrifugation, liquid is separated by the second solid-liquid separator, the separated liquid returns to the mixing tank, the rest solid is processed for 3 rounds by adopting steep pulse electric field processing and ultrasonic processing alternately, each time the steep pulse electric field processing and the ultrasonic processing are applied as one round, wherein when the first round is processed, microwave processing is further carried out between the steep pulse electric field processing and the ultrasonic processing, and the specific operation is as follows:
a first round: applying steep pulse electric field with pulse peak value of 750V, pulse width of 75 μ s, pulse rise time of 60ns, repetition frequency of 65Hz, duty ratio of 50% to the rest solid, treating for 1min, and adding 5%Stirring 20wt% ethanol solution of solid mass for 2min, treating for 30s under microwave condition with microwave radiation power of 8W, immediately performing ultrasonic treatment for 20min, wherein the ultrasonic treatment adopts cosine state ultrasonic wave and frequency conversion ultrasonic wave alternately, the frequency of cosine state ultrasonic wave is 30KHz, and the power is 150mW/cm 2 The frequency of the frequency conversion ultrasonic wave is 25KHz, and the power is 200mW/cm 2 . The applied steep pulse electric field is nanosecond-level pulse, instantaneous high pressure can be generated to penetrate through microalgae cells, the osmotic pressure of intracellular organelles is increased, an ethanol solution is added, the ethanol solution can better absorb microwave radiation, under the microwave condition, the ethanol solution can be better immersed into the microalgae cells, the microalgae cells are alternately treated by cosine-state ultrasonic waves and frequency conversion ultrasonic waves at last, the leaching of biomass in the microalgae cells can be promoted, the breakage of macromolecular chemical bonds in the microalgae can be promoted, the low-molecular substances are converted, and the subsequent oil extraction step is facilitated.
And (2) two rounds: the steep pulse electric field treatment is the same as the first round, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 15min immediately after the steep pulse electric field treatment is finished, the ultrasonic treatment is carried out alternately by cosine state ultrasonic waves and frequency conversion ultrasonic waves, the frequency of the cosine state ultrasonic waves is 26KHz, and the power is 120mW/cm 2 The frequency of the frequency conversion ultrasonic wave is 22KHz, and the power is 160mW/cm 2 。
Three rounds of: the steep pulse electric field treatment is the same as the first round, ultrasonic treatment is immediately carried out for 10min after the steep pulse electric field treatment is finished, the ultrasonic treatment is alternately carried out by cosine state ultrasonic waves and frequency conversion ultrasonic waves, the frequency of the cosine state ultrasonic waves is 24KHz, and the power is 100mW/cm 2 The frequency of the frequency conversion ultrasonic wave is 20KHz, and the power is 120mW/cm 2 . Because the energy absorbed by the microalgae in the treatment process can be accumulated by the components, in the treatment process, the treatment time and the ultrasonic treatment intensity are gradually reduced during ultrasonic treatment and are matched with the total energy required in the microalgae treatment process, so that the premature liquefaction of the microalgae is prevented, and the loss is caused.
Adding the pretreated microalgae into the solid mixture, uniformly mixing, putting into an oil extraction reaction kettle, sealing, removing air, continuously stirring at the temperature of 300 ℃ and under the pressure of 2.0MPa for oil extraction for 10 hours, cooling the oil extraction reaction kettle to room temperature after oil extraction is finished, introducing a gas-phase product into a mixing tank of a microalgae reactor, adding 100L of amyl acetate into a liquid-phase product for extraction, collecting an organic phase, removing a solvent from the organic phase through flash evaporation to obtain crude oil, conveying a water phase into the mixing tank of the microalgae reactor for recycling, and detecting that the yield of the crude oil is 24%.
EXAMPLE five
Compared with the comparative example 1, the difference of the present example is that no solid mixture is added in the final oil extraction step, specifically:
collecting microalgae from a mixing tank after microalgae culture is finished, centrifuging, separating by a second solid-liquid separator, returning separated liquid to the mixing tank, putting the remaining solid into an oil extraction reaction kettle, sealing, exhausting air, continuously stirring at 300 ℃ and under the pressure of 2.0MPa for oil extraction for 10 hours, cooling the oil extraction reaction kettle to room temperature after oil extraction is finished, introducing a gas-phase product into the mixing tank of a microalgae reactor, adding 100L of amyl acetate into a liquid-phase product for extraction, collecting an organic phase, removing a solvent from the organic phase by flash evaporation to obtain crude oil, conveying a water phase into the mixing tank of the microalgae reactor for cyclic utilization, and detecting that the yield of the crude oil is 10%.
The first to third embodiments show that the method can convert the waste livestock manure into bio-oil with high added value, realize the reutilization of resources, effectively utilize gas and wastewater generated by fermentation, solve the problems of waste gas, greenhouse gas emission and wastewater caused by the traditional livestock manure fermentation, and the comparison between the first embodiment and the fourth embodiment shows that the cultured microalgae can be pretreated to effectively destroy the cells of the microalgae and better extract the bio-oil in the microalgae cells.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.

Claims (8)

1. A method for producing bio-oil by enhancing the efficiency of livestock and poultry manure is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of pre-fermenting the livestock and poultry manure, performing solid-liquid separation to obtain fermentation gas, a primary liquid product and a solid mixture, culturing microalgae by using the obtained primary liquid product and the fermentation gas, collecting the microalgae, mixing the microalgae with the solid mixture, and extracting by using an organic solvent to obtain bio-oil;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
pre-fermentation: uniformly mixing the livestock and poultry manure and the edible fungus substrate, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, adding cellulase, uniformly mixing, performing heat preservation fermentation, collecting fermentation gas generated by fermentation into a gas storage tank, and performing solid-liquid separation after fermentation to obtain a primary liquid product and a solid mixture;
culturing microalgae: pumping the primary liquid product into a microalgae reactor, adding a nutritional additive, adding water to dilute to 2-3 times of the original volume to obtain a microalgae culture solution, inoculating microalgae into the microalgae culture solution, simultaneously adding a composite strain, starting the microalgae reactor, introducing air, intermittently introducing a fermentation gas, maintaining the pH value at 7.2-7.5, culturing the microalgae for 18-25 days, and after culturing the microalgae for 16-22 days, adding aspergillus or trichoderma with the addition of 100-200 mg/L;
oil extraction: collecting the cultured microalgae, adding a solid mixture, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into an oil extraction reaction kettle, removing air, extracting oil for 5-20h at the temperature of 250-400 ℃ and under the pressure of 1.5-2.5MPa, cooling the oil extraction reaction kettle to room temperature after oil extraction is finished, introducing a gas-phase product into a microalgae reactor, adding an organic solvent into a liquid-phase product for extraction, collecting an organic phase, removing the solvent from the organic phase through flash evaporation to obtain crude oil, and delivering a water phase into the microalgae reactor for recycling.
2. The method for synergistic production of bio-oil from livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microalgae reactor comprises three tubular reactors and a mixing tank connected in series, and a white fluorescent light source is disposed at the center of the three tubular reactors.
3. The method for producing bio-oil by enhancing animal manure and sewage production as claimed in claim 2, wherein the light source for microalgae cultivation is combined with a fluorescent light source and a solar light source, and the light and shade cycle is 12.
4. The method for synergistic production of bio-oil from livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 3, wherein the microalgae species is one or more of Scenedesmus obliquus, chlorella vulgaris, spirulina platensis and Pseudomonas monocytogenes, and the inoculation density of microalgae in the microalgae culture solution is 8 x 10 6 ～11×10 6 one/mL.
5. The method for producing bio-oil by enhancing the efficiency of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 4, wherein the amount of the edible fungus matrix is 2-6% of the mass of the livestock and poultry manure, and the amount of the cellulase is 0.8-2.0% of the mass of the livestock and poultry manure.
6. The method for synergistic bio-oil production from livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 5, wherein said nutritional additive comprises NaHCO 3 、KH 2 PO 4 、NH 2 CONH 2 Said NaHCO 3 、KH 2 PO 4 、NH 2 CONH 2 The addition amounts of the components are respectively 1000mg/L-2000mg/L, 800mg/L-1800mg/L and 800mg/L-1800mg/L.
7. The method for synergistic production of bio-oil from livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 6, wherein the composite strain is compounded from yeast, lactobacillus and bacillus, the addition amount of the composite strain is 200mg/L-500mg/L, and the ratio of yeast, lactobacillus and bacillus is (1.1-1.3): 1 (0.5-0.8).
8. The method for synergistic production of bio-oil from livestock and poultry manure according to claim 7, characterized in that the culture temperature of the microalgae reactor is 25-30 ℃, the air ventilation is 2.5-3.5L/min, the fermentation gas is introduced every 6h, the ventilation is 4.5-5.5L/min, and the ventilation time is 30-60 min.
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