CN112807712B

CN112807712B - Evaporator

Info

Publication number: CN112807712B
Application number: CN202110007053.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田丹霖; 唐飞; 吴金华; 雷明华; 许朝阳; 刘吉祥
Original assignee: Shenhua Engineering Technology Co ltd; China Shenhua Coal to Liquid Chemical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenhua Engineering Technology Co ltd; China Shenhua Coal to Liquid Chemical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-05
Filing date: 2021-01-05
Publication date: 2023-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-05
Also published as: CN112807712A

Abstract

The invention relates to evaporation equipment in coal chemical industry, in particular to an evaporator. The evaporator comprises a shell (1) with a cavity, an evaporation mechanism (8) and a gas-liquid separation mechanism (3) which are arranged in the cavity, wherein the shell (1) comprises a liquid inlet (21) for liquid materials to flow in and an air inlet (23) for air to flow in, the evaporation mechanism (8) is arranged to heat and evaporate the liquid materials to obtain gaseous materials, the shell (1) comprises an air outlet (2) for discharging mixed gas obtained by mixing the air and the gaseous materials, and the gas-liquid separation mechanism (3) is arranged at the air outlet (2) and is used for processing the mixed gas to remove the liquid materials doped in the mixed gas. According to the evaporator, the gas-liquid separation mechanism is arranged at the gas outlet, so that a small amount of liquid materials doped in the mixed gas can be removed conveniently, the liquid materials are prevented from flowing into a subsequent reactor along with the mixed gas, and powerful guarantee is provided for normal operation of the reactor.

Description

Evaporator

Technical Field

The invention relates to evaporation equipment in coal chemical industry, in particular to an evaporator.

Background

Ethylene Glycol (MEG) is an important organic chemical raw material, has very wide application, is mainly used for producing polyester fibers, antifreezing agents, unsaturated polyester resins, lubricants, plasticizers, nonionic surfactants, explosives and the like, and can also be used for industries of coating, photographic developer, brake fluid, printing ink and the like.

At present, the ethylene glycol can adopt a petrochemical production route and a coal-based production route, specifically, gaseous oxalate and excessive hydrogen are subjected to synthesis reaction in a hydrogenation reactor for preparing the ethylene glycol from coal, and the obtained reaction products are ethylene glycol and byproducts. The gaseous oxalate is mainly obtained by gasifying liquid oxalate in an oxalate evaporator and mixing the liquid oxalate with hydrogen in the oxalate evaporator. However, the existing oxalate evaporator can only evaporate liquid oxalate to obtain gaseous oxalate, and residual oxalate drops in the gaseous oxalate cannot be removed, so that the partial oxalate drops can enter a subsequent reactor along with mixed gas of the gaseous oxalate and hydrogen, and the problems of coking, ageing, activity reduction and the like of a catalyst in the reactor are caused, and the normal operation of the reactor is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the catalyst inside the reactor is damaged because the prior oxalate evaporator sends the gas with more oxalate drops left to the reactor, and provides the evaporator which is convenient for removing a small amount of liquid materials doped in the mixed gas by arranging a gas-liquid separation mechanism at an exhaust port, prevents the liquid materials from flowing into the subsequent reactor along with the mixed gas and provides powerful guarantee for the normal operation of the reactor.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an evaporator comprising a housing having a chamber, the housing including a liquid inlet through which a liquid material flows in and an air inlet through which a gas flows in, and an evaporation mechanism provided in the chamber, the evaporation mechanism being configured to be capable of heating and evaporating the liquid material to obtain a gaseous material, the housing including an exhaust port through which a mixed gas obtained by mixing the gas and the gaseous material is discharged, and a gas-liquid separation mechanism provided at the exhaust port for processing the mixed gas to remove the liquid material doped in the mixed gas.

Optionally, the gas-liquid separation mechanism includes a cover body including an air inlet through which the mixed gas in the housing flows in and an air outlet communicating with the air outlet of the housing, and a separation member that is provided in the cover body and is capable of performing gas-liquid separation processing on the mixed gas flowing in the cover body, so that: the separated mixed gas is sequentially discharged out of the shell through the gas outlet and the gas outlet of the cover body, and the separated liquid material is returned into the shell through the gas inlet of the cover body.

Optionally, the separating piece is provided in a hinge structure;

preferably, the hinge structure comprises a main folded plate which is bent and extended and is used for guiding the flow of the mixed gas, and a turbulent part which can interfere the flow of the mixed gas is arranged on the main folded plate;

more preferably, the turbulence part is a turned edge formed by turning over from the bending part of the main folded plate towards the upstream side of the mixed gas;

more preferably, the hinge structure includes a plurality of said primary flaps stacked upon one another and spaced apart to divide the housing into a plurality of air flow passages.

Optionally, the evaporation mechanism comprises a heat exchange element capable of transferring heat to the liquid material through a heat exchange medium.

Optionally, the heat exchange member comprises a heat exchange shell having a heat exchange shell isolated from the chamber and adapted to circulate the heat exchange medium, the heat exchange shell comprising a heat exchange conduit in communication with the chamber, the heat exchange conduit being capable of receiving and circulating the liquid material to heat the liquid material.

Optionally, the heat exchange pipeline comprises a central tube extending downwards from top to bottom and a plurality of tubules distributed at intervals around the circumference of the central tube, wherein the tubules are communicated with the bottom of the central tube.

Optionally, the heat exchange shell is spaced from the bottom wall of the housing to allow the central tube and the tubule to communicate through the chamber bottom; and/or

The evaporator comprises a liquid guide pipe, one end of the liquid guide pipe is communicated with the air inlet of the cover body, and the other end of the liquid guide pipe penetrates through the central pipe and is radially spaced from the central pipe.

Optionally, the evaporator comprises a mixing mechanism in communication with the air inlet of the housing, the mixing mechanism being disposed above the evaporation mechanism and having a downwardly sloping spout so that the gas can be ejected downwardly through the spout toward the upwardly flowing gaseous material exiting the evaporation mechanism to mix to obtain the mixed gas.

Optionally, the mixing mechanism comprises a main pipe and a plurality of branch pipe assemblies distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the main pipe, and the nozzles are formed on the branch pipe assemblies; preferably, the branch pipe assembly includes a branch pipe and a plurality of nozzles spaced apart in an extending direction of the branch pipe, the nozzles being disposed to extend obliquely downward from the branch pipe and the spouts being formed at one end remote from the branch pipe.

Optionally, the casing is the column pipe, the gas vent of casing with gas-liquid separation mechanism sets up the top of casing, the air inlet and the inlet setting of casing are in the middle part of casing, evaporation mechanism sets up the bottom of casing.

According to the technical scheme, the evaporator is provided, and the evaporation mechanism is arranged in the shell cavity, so that the evaporation mechanism can evaporate liquid materials to obtain gaseous materials, and the gaseous materials can be conveniently mixed with gas in the shell cavity to form mixed gas; and moreover, the gas-liquid separation mechanism is arranged at the gas outlet, so that a small amount of liquid materials doped in the mixed gas can be conveniently removed, the liquid materials are prevented from flowing into a subsequent reactor along with the mixed gas, and powerful guarantee is provided for the normal operation of the reactor. The material is taken as oxalic ester for illustration, and the mixed gas of gaseous oxalic ester and gas can be discharged out of the shell cavity after the liquid oxalic ester is removed by the gas-liquid separation mechanism so as to flow into a subsequent reactor to be used as a chemical raw material for producing ethylene glycol, thereby avoiding the problems of coking, ageing, activity reduction and the like of a catalyst in the reactor caused by the flowing of the liquid oxalic ester into the reactor along with the flowing of the mixed gas, and ensuring the normal operation of the reactor.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an evaporator according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator shown in FIG. 1 at a-a, wherein the mixing mechanism is shown in a particular configuration in top view (or bottom view);

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator shown in fig. 1 at b-b, wherein the specific structure of the separator is shown in top view (or bottom view).

Description of the reference numerals

1. A housing; 2. an exhaust port; 3. a gas-liquid separation mechanism; 4. a cover body; 5. a separating member; 6. a primary flap; 7. flanging; 8. an evaporation mechanism; 9. a spoiler; 10. a heat exchange pipeline; 11. a central tube; 12. a tubule; 13. a catheter; 14. a mixing mechanism; 15. a main pipe; 16. a branch pipe; 17. a nozzle; 18. a fixed block; 19. a gas loop; 20. a temperature measuring member; 21. a liquid inlet; 22. a heat exchange shell; 23. an air inlet.

Detailed Description

The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.

The invention provides an evaporator, as shown in fig. 1-3, which comprises a shell 1 with a cavity, an evaporation mechanism 8 and a gas-liquid separation mechanism 3, wherein the evaporation mechanism 8 is arranged in the cavity, the shell 1 comprises a liquid inlet 21 for liquid materials to flow in and a gas inlet 23 for gas to flow in, the evaporation mechanism 8 is arranged to heat and evaporate the liquid materials to obtain gaseous materials, the shell 1 comprises an exhaust port 2 for discharging a mixed gas obtained by mixing the gas and the gaseous materials, and the gas-liquid separation mechanism 3 is arranged at the exhaust port 2 and is used for processing the mixed gas to remove the liquid materials doped in the mixed gas. Wherein, the liquid material can be in various reasonable forms, such as oxalate, oxamide and the like, and the gaseous material obtained by evaporation is correspondingly gaseous oxalate, gaseous oxamide and the like; the gas may be in a variety of reasonable forms, e.g., hydrogen, etc.; the gaseous material is gaseous oxalate and the gas is hydrogen, for example, and the mixture is a mixture of gaseous oxalate and hydrogen, respectively, and a small amount of oxalate droplets are inevitably doped in the mixture.

According to the technical scheme, the evaporator is provided, and the evaporation mechanism is arranged in the cavity of the shell 1, so that the evaporation mechanism can evaporate liquid materials to obtain gaseous materials, and the gaseous materials can be conveniently mixed with gas in the cavity of the shell to form mixed gas; in addition, the gas-liquid separation mechanism 3 is arranged at the gas outlet 2, so that a small amount of liquid materials doped in the mixed gas can be removed conveniently, the liquid materials are prevented from flowing into a subsequent reactor along with the mixed gas, and powerful guarantee is provided for the normal operation of the reactor. The following is an illustration taking the material as oxalic ester, the mixed gas of gaseous oxalic ester and gas can be discharged out of the cavity of the shell 1 after the liquid oxalic ester is removed by the gas-liquid separation mechanism, so that the mixed gas can flow into a subsequent reactor to be used as a chemical raw material for producing ethylene glycol, the problems of coking, ageing, activity reduction and the like of a catalyst in the reactor caused by flowing of the liquid oxalic ester into the reactor along with the mixed gas are avoided, and the normal operation of the reactor is ensured.

As shown in fig. 1, the gas-liquid separation mechanism 3 includes a housing 4 and a separation member 5, the housing 4 including an air inlet through which the mixture gas in the housing 1 flows in and an air outlet communicating with the air outlet 2 of the housing 1, the separation member 5 being provided in the housing 4 and capable of performing gas-liquid separation processing on the mixture gas flowing into the housing 4 such that: the mixed gas obtained through separation is sequentially discharged out of the shell 1 through the gas outlet of the cover body 4 and the gas outlet 2, and the liquid material obtained through separation is returned into the shell 1 through the gas inlet of the cover body 4, so that the integral structure of the gas-liquid separation mechanism 3 is simplified, the mixed gas is prevented from being directly discharged out of the shell 1 without gas-liquid separation treatment of the gas-liquid separation mechanism 3, the liquid material is further prevented from directly flowing into a subsequent reactor along with the mixed gas, and the normal operation of the reactor is ensured. The cover 4 may be made of various types, for example, a corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel.

The separator 5 may be of various forms as long as it can perform gas-liquid separation treatment on the flowing mixture gas, and may be of a wire mesh structure, for example; preferably, the separating member 5 is provided in a hinge structure, and the liquid material is adhered by guiding and directly contacting the gas mixture to separate the liquid material from the gas mixture, and the separating member 5 is provided in a hinge structure, so that the flow path of the gas mixture is remarkably prolonged, and the separation effect of the liquid material in the gas mixture is ensured.

Preferably, the hinge structure includes a main folded plate 6 extending in a bending manner, so as to guide the flow of the mixed gas, and a spoiler capable of interfering the flow of the mixed gas is arranged on the main folded plate 6, so that the integral structure of the separating piece 5 is simplified, and the flow path of the mixed gas can be further prolonged under the interference of the spoiler by arranging the spoiler on the main folded plate 6, and the separation effect of the liquid material in the mixed gas is optimized.

The turbulence part may take various forms as long as it can interfere with the flow of the mixture, for example, it may be provided as protrusions and/or grooves distributed in a checkerboard manner along the panel surface of the main flap 6; preferably, the turbulence part is a flange 7 formed by turning the main folded plate 6 from the bending position towards the upstream side of the mixed gas, the structure is simple, the manufacture and the processing are convenient, the interference effect on the gas flow formed by the mixed gas is enhanced through the flange 7 on the basis that the main folded plate 6 guides the mixed gas to flow in a reversing manner, and the separation effect of liquid materials in the mixed gas is further optimized. Further, the flange 7 may take various forms, for example, may be an arc-shaped structure, a wave-shaped structure, or the like extending toward the upstream side from the corner of the main flap 6, or, as shown in fig. 3, a bent structure, the flange 7 including a first plate and a second plate connected to each other, the first plate being provided at the corner of the main flap 6 to extend toward the upstream side along the extending direction of the downstream plate of the main flap 6, the second plate being provided parallel to the upstream plate of the main flap 6 and being turned upside down from the corner of the first plate away from the main flap 6, further, in order to optimize the turbulence effect, the length of the second plate is longer than the length of the first plate in the flowing direction of the mixture; of course, the flange 7 may be provided on the acute included angle side of the main flap 6 at the corner, or alternatively, may be provided on the obtuse included angle side of the main flap 6 at the corner as shown in fig. 3.

More preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the hinge structure includes a plurality of main flaps 6 stacked on each other and spaced apart from each other to divide the inside of the housing 4 into a plurality of air flow passages so as to guide the flow of the mixture, thereby significantly enhancing the gas-liquid separation effect of the separator. Wherein the plurality of main flaps 6 may be stacked in any direction, preferably in a horizontal direction.

Further, the evaporation mechanism 8 comprises a heat exchange piece capable of transferring heat to the liquid material through a heat exchange medium, the structure is simple, the liquid material can be rapidly heated through the heat exchange piece, the temperature of the heat exchange medium is effectively reduced, the evaporation effect and the heat recycling are considered, and the running cost of the evaporator is reduced.

The heat exchange piece can contact and heat the liquid material through the upper surface or the lower surface of the heat exchange shell and other single surfaces; preferably, the heat exchange member may be configured to accommodate and heat the liquid material in all directions by providing the heat exchange channel 10 on the heat exchange shell 22, specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the heat exchange member includes the heat exchange shell 22 having an isolation from the cavity and being used for circulating the heat exchange medium, the heat exchange shell 22 includes the heat exchange pipeline 10 communicating with the cavity, and the heat exchange pipeline 10 may accommodate and circulate the liquid material to heat the liquid material, so as to be beneficial to fully heating the liquid material, improve heating uniformity of the liquid material, increase heating efficiency of the liquid material, and accelerate generation of the gaseous material. The heat exchange medium can be in various forms, so long as the temperature is higher than the boiling point of the liquid material, for example, water vapor and the like, and the heat exchange medium is safe, environment-friendly and low in cost; the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange shell 22 are disposed above and below the left side and the right side, respectively, as shown in fig. 1, and in order to lengthen the flow path of the heat exchange medium, the inside of the heat exchange shell 22 may further include a plurality of spoilers 9 extending horizontally and being disposed in a staggered manner.

Further, the heat exchange pipeline 10 includes a central tube 11 extending from top to bottom and a plurality of tubules 12 distributed around the circumference of the central tube 11 at intervals, the tubules 12 are communicated with the bottom of the central tube 11, so that the liquid material flows from top to bottom mainly through the central tube 11 with a larger diameter, and is beneficial to smoothly and rapidly flowing to the heat exchange shell 22 of the evaporation mechanism 8, and the liquid material is heated and evaporated from the tubules 12 with a smaller diameter, so that the probability of convection between the gaseous material and the liquid material obtained by evaporation is reduced, the content of the liquid material carried in the gaseous material is reduced, the liquid material is effectively prevented from flowing into a subsequent reactor along with the mixed gas, and a powerful guarantee is provided for the normal operation of the reactor; in addition, the material can form a benign gas-liquid circulation path through the central tube 11 and the plurality of thin tubes 12 at the heat exchange shell 22 of the evaporation mechanism 8, which is helpful for improving the evaporation efficiency and evaporation effect of the liquid material.

Further, the heat exchange shell 22 is spaced from the bottom wall of the housing 1, so that the central tube 11 and the tubule 12 can be communicated with the bottom of the chamber, and the structure is simpler, so that the liquid material can be preheated by the heat exchange shell 22 at the bottom space of the housing 1 below the heat exchange shell 22, and the evaporation efficiency of the liquid material can be improved. As shown in fig. 1, in order to enhance the flow of the liquid material at the bottom space of the shell 1, the evaporator further comprises a gas loop 19, the inlet of the gas loop 19 is located outside the shell 1 and is capable of introducing medium pressure gas (for example, hydrogen, and the pressure of the medium pressure gas formed by the hydrogen is higher than the hydraulic pressure of the liquid material in the shell to be capable of spraying gas into the shell), the gas loop 19 comprises a plurality of gas nozzles to spray the medium pressure gas so as to stir the liquid material at the bottom space of the shell 1, thereby promoting the rapid evaporation of the liquid material and accelerating the gas-liquid circulation at the heat exchange shell 22; of course, the inlet of the gas loop 19 is normally closed, and after a certain period of operation of the evaporator, it may be opened and a temporary gas transfer may take place.

Further, the evaporator comprises a liquid guide pipe 13, one end of the liquid guide pipe 13 is communicated with the air inlet of the cover body 4, the other end of the liquid guide pipe 13 penetrates through the central pipe 11 and is radially spaced from the central pipe 11, liquid materials separated by the gas-liquid separation mechanism 3 are all conveyed to the evaporation mechanism, simplicity and high efficiency are achieved, the phenomenon that liquid drops splash and the like when the liquid materials fall is avoided, and the phenomenon that the liquid materials and the mixed gas form convection when falling and are mixed into the mixed gas again is avoided. The cover 4 may have various shapes, as shown in fig. 1, the air inlet of the cover 4 includes a first opening (for example, at an arrow shown in fig. 1) that is opened toward a horizontal direction and a second opening that is opened vertically downward, where the first opening is provided as an opening for inflow of the mixed gas, and the second opening is communicated with the liquid guide tube 13 for discharge of the separated liquid material.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the evaporator includes a mixing mechanism 14 communicated with the air inlet 23 of the housing 1, the mixing mechanism 14 is disposed above the evaporating mechanism and has a downward inclined nozzle, so that the gas can be sprayed downward through the nozzle toward the upward flowing gaseous material discharged from the evaporating mechanism to mix to obtain the mixed gas, thereby being beneficial to fully and uniformly mixing the gas and the gaseous material and blowing off a part of the liquid material doped in the gaseous material.

Further, the mixing mechanism 14 includes a main pipe 15 and a plurality of branch pipe assemblies distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the main pipe 15, and the nozzles are formed on the branch pipe assemblies, so that the spraying area of the mixing mechanism 14 is remarkably enlarged, and the more sufficient and uniform mixing between the gas and the gaseous materials is ensured. Specifically, the mixing mechanism 14 may take various forms, for example, a plurality of branch pipe assemblies may be linearly distributed on the main pipe 15 in the axial direction of the main pipe 15, or may be distributed on the main pipe 15 in a spiral path, or may be divided into two groups arranged on opposite sides in the diameter direction of the main pipe 15 as shown in fig. 2, each group including a plurality of branch pipe assemblies linearly arranged in the axial direction of the main pipe 15. In order to improve the installation reliability of the main pipe 15, a fixing block 18 is arranged in the shell 1 for supporting and positioning the main pipe; further, other small fixing blocks are included in the housing 1 for supporting and positioning the manifold assembly.

Preferably, the manifold assembly includes a manifold 16 and a plurality of nozzles 17 spaced apart along an extending direction of the manifold 16, the nozzles 17 being disposed to extend obliquely downward from the manifold 16 and being formed with the spouts at an end remote from the manifold 16, significantly increasing the number of spouts and enlarging a distribution area of the spouts, effectively securing uniform mixing between gas and gaseous materials. Wherein the manifold assembly may be of various forms, for example, in order to further optimize the mixing effect of the mixture, the plurality of nozzles 17 may be divided into two groups of nozzle assemblies, each group of nozzle assemblies including a plurality of nozzles 17 arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the manifold, the two groups of nozzle assemblies being alternately distributed in the axial direction of the manifold, and the nozzles 17 extending in the radial direction of the manifold 16 and being inclined by 80 ° -40 ° from the longitudinal section in the vertical direction of the manifold 16, i.e., the central angle between any two nozzles of the two groups of nozzle assemblies is 80 ° -160 °, preferably about 120 °.

As shown in fig. 1, the casing 1 is a cylindrical pipe, the air outlet 2 of the casing 1 and the gas-liquid separation mechanism 3 are arranged at the top of the casing 1, the air inlet 23 and the liquid inlet 21 of the casing 1 are arranged at the middle of the casing 1, the evaporation mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the casing 1, the structure is simpler, the gaseous material generated by the evaporation mechanism 8 is conveniently heated and smoothly rises to the gas-liquid separation mechanism 3 for gas-liquid separation treatment, and the evaporation efficiency of the evaporator is improved. Further, in order to ensure safe operation of the evaporator, a temperature measuring member 20 may be disposed in the housing 1 of the evaporator, so as to monitor the temperature in the evaporator in real time, and prevent operation failure of the evaporator due to too high or too low temperature. According to one embodiment of the invention, the housing 1 of the evaporator comprises two parts arranged up and down as shown in fig. 1, the upper part of the housing 1 is provided with an exhaust port 2, an intake port 23 and a liquid inlet port 21 and is used for accommodating the gas-liquid separation mechanism 3 and the mixing mechanism 14, the lower part of the housing 1 is used for accommodating the evaporation mechanism and the gas collar 19, and the upper part of the housing 1 and the lower part of the housing 1 are assembled together by a flange arranged outside the housing 1; of course, the bottom of the lower part of the shell is provided with a liquid outlet, and when the evaporator needs to stop running or the liquid level in the shell is too high in use, the liquid outlet is opened to correspondingly discharge all or part of liquid materials in the shell.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, a plurality of simple variants can be made to the technical proposal of the invention, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the invention does not need to be additionally described for various possible combinations. Such simple variations and combinations are likewise to be regarded as being within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An evaporator, characterized in that the evaporator comprises a shell (1) with a cavity, an evaporation mechanism (8) and a gas-liquid separation mechanism (3) which are arranged in the cavity, wherein the shell (1) comprises a liquid inlet (21) for liquid materials to flow in and an air inlet (23) for air to flow in, the evaporation mechanism (8) is arranged to heat and evaporate the liquid materials to obtain gaseous materials, the shell (1) comprises an air outlet (2) for discharging mixed gas obtained by mixing the air and the gaseous materials, and the gas-liquid separation mechanism (3) is arranged at the air outlet (2) and is used for processing the mixed gas to remove the liquid materials doped in the mixed gas; the shell (1) is a columnar pipe, the exhaust port (2) of the shell (1) and the gas-liquid separation mechanism (3) are arranged at the top of the shell (1), the air inlet (23) and the liquid inlet (21) of the shell (1) are arranged in the middle of the shell (1), and the evaporation mechanism (8) is arranged at the bottom of the shell (1); the evaporator further comprises a mixing mechanism (14) communicated with the air inlet (23), wherein the mixing mechanism (14) is arranged above the evaporation mechanism (8) and provided with a downward inclined nozzle, so that the gas can be sprayed downwards through the nozzle towards the upward flowing gaseous material discharged by the evaporation mechanism (8) to be mixed to obtain the mixed gas.

2. The evaporator according to claim 1, wherein the gas-liquid separation mechanism (3) includes a housing (4) and a separation member (5), the housing (4) includes an air inlet through which the mixture gas in the housing (1) flows in and an air outlet communicating with an air outlet (2) of the housing (1), and the separation member (5) is provided in the housing (4) and is capable of performing a gas-liquid separation process on the mixture gas flowing into the housing (4) such that: the separated mixed gas is discharged out of the shell (1) through the gas outlet of the cover body (4) and the gas outlet (2), and the separated liquid material is returned into the shell (1) through the gas inlet of the cover body (4).

3. An evaporator according to claim 2 wherein,

the separating piece (5) is provided with a hinge type structure.

4. An evaporator according to claim 3, characterized in that the hinge structure comprises a main flap (6) extending in a bent manner for guiding the flow of the mixture, which main flap (6) is provided with turbulence portions capable of interfering with the flow of the mixture.

5. An evaporator according to claim 4, characterized in that the turbulence part is a turn-up (7) turned over from the bend of the main flap (6) towards the upstream side of the mixture.

6. An evaporator according to claim 5, wherein the hinge structure comprises a plurality of said main flaps (6) stacked on each other and spaced apart to divide the interior of the housing (4) into a plurality of air flow passages.

7. An evaporator according to claim 6, characterized in that the evaporation means (8) comprise heat exchange elements capable of transferring heat to the liquid material by means of a heat exchange medium.

8. An evaporator according to claim 7, characterized in that the heat exchange member comprises a heat exchange shell (22) having a space separated from the chamber and adapted to circulate the heat exchange medium, the heat exchange shell (22) comprising a heat exchange conduit (10) communicating with the chamber, the heat exchange conduit (10) being adapted to receive and circulate the liquid material for heating the liquid material.

9. An evaporator according to claim 8, wherein the heat exchange tube (10) comprises a central tube (11) extending from top to bottom and a plurality of tubules (12) spaced circumferentially around the central tube (11), the tubules (12) being arranged in bottom communication with the central tube (11).

10. The evaporator according to claim 9, characterized in that the heat exchange shell (22) is kept spaced from the bottom wall of the housing (1) so that the central tube (11) and the tubule (12) can communicate through the chamber bottom; and/or

The evaporator comprises a liquid guide pipe (13), one end of the liquid guide pipe (13) is communicated with the air inlet of the cover body (4), and the other end of the liquid guide pipe (13) penetrates through the central pipe (11) and is radially spaced from the central pipe (11).

11. The evaporator according to claim 10, wherein the mixing mechanism (14) comprises a main pipe (15) and a plurality of branch pipe assemblies spaced apart along an extending direction of the main pipe (15), the spouts being formed on the branch pipe assemblies.

12. An evaporator according to claim 11, wherein the branch pipe assembly comprises a branch pipe (16) and a plurality of nozzles (17) spaced apart in the extending direction of the branch pipe (16), the nozzles (17) being arranged to extend obliquely downward from the branch pipe (16) and being formed with the spouts at an end remote from the branch pipe (16).