CN112779380A - Efficient deoxidizing table aluminum for steelmaking and casting process thereof - Google Patents
Efficient deoxidizing table aluminum for steelmaking and casting process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112779380A CN112779380A CN202011555318.8A CN202011555318A CN112779380A CN 112779380 A CN112779380 A CN 112779380A CN 202011555318 A CN202011555318 A CN 202011555318A CN 112779380 A CN112779380 A CN 112779380A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
- B22D29/04—Handling or stripping castings or ingots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D33/00—Equipment for handling moulds
- B22D33/02—Turning or transposing moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D37/00—Controlling or regulating the pouring of molten metal from a casting melt-holding vessel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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Abstract
An efficient deoxidizing aluminum alloy for steel making and a casting process thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy contains not less than 99.50 wt% of Al and other elements except Al; the other elements comprise less than or equal to 0.20 wt% of Si, less than or equal to 0.27 wt% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.02 wt% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.03 wt% of Ca, less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of Zn, and the total content of the other elements is not more than 0.50 wt%. The process comprises the steps of firstly adding a return cold charge into a smelting furnace, then adding electrolytic aluminum liquid, heating and smelting a mixture of the cold charge and the electrolytic aluminum liquid into aluminum alloy liquid, wherein the smelting temperature is more than or equal to 850 ℃; and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid through a casting system and demolding through a demolding mechanism to obtain the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking. The invention can effectively solve the problems of complex preparation process, high energy consumption, high production cost, easy oxidation in the using process and the like of the aluminum deoxidation particles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to high-efficiency deoxidizing table aluminum for steelmaking and the technical field of production methods thereof.
Background
Oxygen in steel can cause great harm to the performance of steel, and the harm is mainly shown in that the oxygen is combined with other elements in the steel to generate non-metal inclusions, form bubbles and aggravate the harm of sulfur, so that the hot brittleness tendency of the steel is more serious, and the like, and therefore, deoxidation is required in the steelmaking process. Different deoxidizers have different influences on the performance of steel, aluminum is a strong deoxidizer, and when residual aluminum in the steel reaches a certain proportion, the possibility of forming CO bubbles in the steel is eliminated, so that a steel ingot (blank) with a compact structure is obtained. Therefore, aluminum is often used as a final deoxidizer, and its deoxidizing ability increases with a decrease in temperature and an increase in slag basicity. In addition, the proper amount of aluminum added into the steel can form stable AlN with the nitrogen in the steel3Preventing the generation of iron nitride, thereby reducing the aging tendency of the steel; meanwhile, when aluminum is used for deoxidation, a plurality of fine and highly dispersed AlN can be generated in the molten steel3And Al2O3These fine solid particles can become the core of the crystal grains when the molten steel is crystallized, and the crystal grains are refined. Under the current steelmaking development trend of 'energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection', the aluminum deoxidizer is popularized and used as a novel steelmaking deoxidizer, so that not only can the economic benefit be increased, but also the steelmaking cost can be reduced.
At present, most steel plants adopt cylindrical aluminum particles for deoxidation, and the deoxidation particles have the technical problems of complex preparation process, high energy consumption, high production cost, easy oxidation in the use process and the like. Therefore, the research on the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking and the method for preparing the aluminum alloy are urgent needs for solving the existing technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking and a casting process thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems of complex preparation process, high energy consumption, high production cost, easy oxidation in the use process and the like of the existing aluminum deoxidized particles.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking contains not less than 99.50 wt% of Al and other elements except Al; the other elements comprise less than or equal to 0.20 wt% of Si, less than or equal to 0.27 wt% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.02 wt% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.03 wt% of Ca, less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of Zn, and the total content of the other elements is not more than 0.50 wt%.
The casting process of the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking comprises the steps of firstly adding a return cold charge into a smelting furnace, then adding electrolytic aluminum liquid into the smelting furnace, heating and smelting a mixture of the cold charge and the electrolytic aluminum liquid into aluminum alloy liquid, wherein the smelting temperature is more than or equal to 850 ℃; then casting aluminum alloy liquid through a casting system and demolding through a demolding mechanism to obtain the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking;
the casting system comprises a conveying chain type casting line, a grid-shaped mold arranged on the casting line and moving forward along the conveying chain, a shunt casting nozzle arranged above the casting line and an induction device arranged on one side of the casting line; the split-flow casting nozzle is a flat strip-shaped casting nozzle and is connected with a liquid outlet of the smelting furnace through a drainage groove, the bottom of the split-flow casting nozzle is provided with a group of V-shaped split-flow grooves which are arranged in parallel and arranged along the conveying direction of a casting line, and two sides of the split-flow casting nozzle are arranged on supports positioned at two sides of the casting line through connecting shafts integrated with the split-flow casting nozzle; a cylinder with a downward push rod is arranged outside the bracket on one side, the push rod of the cylinder is connected with the outer end of the connecting shaft through a connecting rod, and the connecting shaft is pushed to rotate through the extension and contraction of the push rod of the cylinder, so that the shunting casting nozzle is adjusted to be in a horizontal or inclined state; the induction device comprises a fixed base arranged on the side edge of the casting line, a support arm arranged on the fixed base, and a position inductor which is arranged on the support arm and positioned above the mold and can induce the running track of the mold, wherein the position inductor is electrically connected with a control system of the cylinder through a lead; when the grid-shaped mold is filled with aluminum liquid, the control system of the air cylinder controls the push rod of the air cylinder to recover, so that the shunting casting nozzle is in a horizontal state, when the conveying chain drives the grid-shaped mold to move forwards to pass through the position sensor, the position sensor receives a signal and transmits the signal to the air cylinder control system, the air cylinder is started to drive the connecting shaft to rotate downwards, the shunting casting nozzle connected with the connecting shaft is inclined downwards, the aluminum liquid flows into the cavities of the next group of grid-shaped molds, and the aluminum liquid in the cavities is gradually cooled and solidified in the forward moving process of the conveying chain;
the demolding mechanism comprises a connecting shaft, a demolding hammer head and transmission blades, wherein the connecting shaft is arranged above the support and positioned at the tail end of the conveying chain, the demolding hammer head is fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft through a hammer arm, the transmission blades are fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft and are spaced from the hammer arm and are arranged along different angles, when a grid-shaped mold on the conveying chain runs to be in contact with the transmission blades, the transmission blades are pushed, so that the connecting shaft is driven to rotate, the demolding hammer head is driven to be lifted upwards, when the conveying chain continues to run, and the transmission blades are positioned in a gap between two sets of grid-shaped molds, the demolding hammer head falls and hammers on the grid-shaped mold by means of gravity, so that an aluminum alloy block formed in the mold is vibrated to fall off.
Further, a screening grid plate which is obliquely arranged is arranged below the demoulding mechanism and below the conveying chain; and (3) after the unqualified products are screened by the aluminum alloy block falling and screening grid plate demoulded from the die, the qualified products fall into a material box, and the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy particles are obtained.
And further, hoisting the material box filled with the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy particles to a vibrating screen machine for screening, packaging the qualified low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy particles for storage, and returning unqualified products to the furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) according to the process, the grid-shaped die and the shunting pouring nozzle can be used for directly casting to obtain smaller aluminum alloy particles, the size is small, the deoxidation efficiency is high, oxygen in molten steel can be removed to the maximum extent, and the steel performance is improved;
(2) the invention has simple and efficient process, and can realize small-batch, multi-specification and multi-size customized production according to actual requirements;
(3) the production process is controlled without manual intervention, all qualified products and unqualified products are automatically sorted by mechanical equipment, the problem that the unqualified products are mixed into the qualified products due to human factors is solved, the quality control is more strict and efficient, and the stable quality of the products can be ensured;
(4) the invention adopts electrolytic aluminum liquid for direct casting production, and has the advantages of short process flow, high production efficiency, simple and convenient operation, low energy consumption, easy maintenance of production equipment and devices, low labor intensity and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention for producing a low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a casting line for producing a low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the tapping spout and the induction device of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a left side view of the ejector mechanism of fig. 2 mounted to the rear end of the casting line.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained by the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking comprises 99.50 wt% of Al, 0.15wt% of Si0.15wt% of Fe, 0.18 wt% of Cu, 0.12 wt% of Ca, 0.03 wt% of Mg and 0.01 wt% of Zn.
Example 2
The low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking comprises 99.70 wt% of Al, 0.1 wt% of Si, 0.09 wt% of Fe, 0.08 wt% of Cu, 0.015 wt% of Ca, 0.01 wt% of Mg and 0.005 wt% of Zn.
Example 3
The low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking comprises 99.68 wt% of Al, 0.15wt% of Si0.10 wt% of Fe, 0.02 wt% of Cu, 0.02 wt% of Ca, 0.02 wt% of Mg and 0.01 wt% of Zn.
The casting process of the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking in the embodiment comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 1:
A. adding the returned cold materials such as the rod head, the rod tail, unqualified aluminum alloy and the like of the aluminum alloy rod cut off in the aluminum alloy production process into a smelting furnace, adding the electrolytic aluminum liquid into the smelting furnace by using a siphon, and then heating and smelting the mixture of the cold materials and the electrolytic aluminum liquid into the aluminum alloy liquid, wherein the smelting temperature is more than or equal to 850 ℃.
B. When the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid reaches not lower than 850 ℃, and the aluminum liquid sample is taken to test the chemical composition to be qualified, the casting can be started. The casting process is that aluminum alloy liquid is cast through a casting system, and the aluminum alloy liquid is demoulded through a demoulding mechanism after being cooled and solidified;
the casting system is shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4 and comprises a conveying chain type casting line 1, a grid-shaped mold 2 arranged on the casting line and moving forward along the conveying chain, a shunting casting nozzle 10 arranged above the casting line and an induction device arranged on one side of the casting line. The grid-shaped moulds 2 are sequentially arranged on the conveying chain one by one, and a section of interval is reserved between every two adjacent groups of moulds.
The shunting casting nozzle 10 is a flat strip-shaped casting nozzle and is connected with a liquid outlet of a smelting furnace through a drainage groove 16, the bottom of the shunting casting nozzle is provided with a group of V-shaped shunting grooves 11 which are arranged in parallel and are arranged along the conveying direction of a casting line, and two sides of the shunting casting nozzle are arranged on supports 8 positioned on two sides of the casting line through connecting shafts 6 integrated with the shunting casting nozzle. A cylinder 7 with a downward push rod is arranged outside the support on one side, the push rod of the cylinder is connected with the outer end of the connecting shaft 6 through a connecting rod 9, the connecting shaft 6 is pushed to rotate through the stretching of the push rod of the cylinder, and the shunting casting nozzle 10 is adjusted to be in a horizontal or inclined state.
The induction device comprises a fixed base 4 arranged on the side edge of the casting line, a support arm 5 arranged on the fixed base, and a position sensor 3 which is arranged on the support arm and positioned above the mold and can induce the running track of the mold, wherein the position sensor is electrically connected with a control system of the cylinder 7 through a lead.
When the grid-shaped mold 2 is full of aluminum liquid, the control system of the air cylinder controls the push rod of the air cylinder to recover, so that the shunting casting nozzle 10 is in a horizontal state, when the conveying chain drives the grid-shaped mold 2 to move forwards to pass through the position sensor 3, the position sensor receives a signal and transmits the signal to the air cylinder control system, the air cylinder is started to drive the connecting shaft 6 to rotate downwards, so that the shunting casting nozzle 10 connected with the connecting shaft inclines downwards, the aluminum liquid flows into a cavity of the next grid-shaped mold 2, and the aluminum liquid in the cavity is gradually cooled and solidified in the forward moving process of the conveying chain.
The demoulding mechanism comprises a rotatable connecting shaft 13 which is arranged above the bracket and is positioned at the tail end of the conveying chain, a demoulding hammer 15 which is fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft through a hammer arm, and a transmission blade 12 which is fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft, is spaced from the hammer arm and is arranged along different angles. The hammer arm and the transmission blade 12 can rotate by taking the connecting shaft 13 as a rotating shaft, the hammer arm and the transmission blade are arranged in a staggered angle mode, and an included angle is formed between the hammer arm and the transmission blade. When the grid-shaped molds 2 on the conveying chain run to be in contact with the transmission blades 12, the transmission blades 12 are pushed, so that the connecting shaft 13 is driven to rotate, the demolding hammer heads 15 are driven to lift upwards, when the conveying chain continues to run, and the transmission blades are located in the gap between the two sets of grid-shaped molds 2, the demolding hammer heads 15 fall down and hammer on the grid-shaped molds by means of self-gravity, so that aluminum alloy blocks formed in the molds are vibrated to fall off, one-time demolding action is completed, and low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy particles are obtained. And a screening grid plate 14 which is obliquely arranged is arranged below the conveying chain below the demoulding mechanism, and after unqualified products are screened by the screening grid plate falling from the aluminum alloy blocks demoulded in the mould, the qualified products fall into a bin, so that low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy particles are obtained.
C. And hoisting the material box filled with the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy particles to a vibrating screen machine for screening, packaging the qualified low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy particles for storage, and returning unqualified products as cold materials to the furnace. The vibrating screen machine is only required to be provided with the equipment in the prior art.
Claims (4)
1. A low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking is characterized in that the aluminum alloy contains not less than 99.50 wt% of Al and other elements except Al; the other elements comprise less than or equal to 0.20 wt% of Si, less than or equal to 0.27 wt% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.02 wt% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.03 wt% of Ca, less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of Zn, and the total content of the other elements is not more than 0.50 wt%.
2. The casting process of the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process is characterized in that a return cold charge is added into a smelting furnace, then electrolytic aluminum liquid is added into the smelting furnace, the mixture of the cold charge and the electrolytic aluminum liquid is heated and smelted into aluminum alloy liquid, and the smelting temperature is more than or equal to 850 ℃; then casting aluminum alloy liquid through a casting system and demolding through a demolding mechanism to obtain the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking;
the casting system comprises a conveying chain type casting line (1), a grid-shaped mold (2) arranged on the casting line and moving forward along a conveying chain, a split-flow casting nozzle (10) arranged above the casting line, and an induction device arranged on one side of the casting line; the split-flow casting nozzle is a flat strip-shaped casting nozzle and is connected with a liquid outlet of a smelting furnace through a drainage groove (16), the bottom of the split-flow casting nozzle is provided with a group of V-shaped split-flow grooves (11) which are arranged in parallel and arranged along the conveying direction of a casting line, and two sides of the split-flow casting nozzle are arranged on brackets (8) positioned on two sides of the casting line through connecting shafts (6) integrated with the split-flow casting nozzle; a cylinder (7) with a downward push rod is arranged outside the bracket on one side, the push rod of the cylinder is connected with the outer end of the connecting shaft (6) through a connecting rod (9), the connecting shaft (6) is pushed to rotate through the extension and contraction of the push rod of the cylinder, and the shunting casting nozzle (10) is adjusted to be in a horizontal or inclined state; the induction device comprises a fixed base (4) arranged on the side edge of the casting line, a support arm (5) arranged on the fixed base, and a position inductor (3) which is arranged on the support arm and positioned above the mold and can induce the running track of the mold, wherein the position inductor is electrically connected with a control system of the cylinder (7) through a lead; when the grid-shaped mold (2) is full of aluminum liquid, a control system of the air cylinder controls an air cylinder push rod to recover, so that the shunt casting nozzle (10) is in a horizontal state, when the conveying chain drives the grid-shaped mold (2) to move forwards to pass through the position sensor (3), the position sensor receives a signal and transmits the signal to the air cylinder control system, the air cylinder is started to drive the connecting shaft (6) to rotate downwards, so that the shunt casting nozzle (10) connected with the connecting shaft is inclined downwards, the aluminum liquid flows into a cavity of the next group of grid-shaped molds (2), and the aluminum liquid in the cavity is gradually cooled and solidified in the forward moving process of the conveying chain;
the demolding mechanism comprises a connecting shaft (13) which is arranged above the support and positioned at the tail end of the conveying chain, a demolding hammer head (15) which is fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft through a hammer arm, and a transmission blade (12) which is fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft, is spaced from the hammer arm and is arranged along different angles, when a grid-shaped mold (2) on the conveying chain moves to be in contact with the transmission blade (12), the transmission blade (12) is pushed, so that the connecting shaft (13) is driven to rotate, the demolding hammer head (15) is driven to be lifted upwards, when the conveying chain continues to operate, and the transmission blade is positioned in a gap between two sets of grid-shaped molds (2), the demolding hammer head (15) falls and hammers on the grid-shaped mold (2) by means of self-gravity, so that an aluminum alloy block formed in the mold is vibrated to fall off, one-time demolding.
3. The casting process of the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking as claimed in claim 2, wherein a screening grid plate (14) which is obliquely arranged is arranged below the delivery chain below the demolding mechanism; and (3) after the unqualified products are screened by the aluminum alloy block falling and screening grid plate demoulded from the die, the qualified products fall into a material box, and the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy particles are obtained.
4. A casting process of the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy for steelmaking according to the claim 3, characterized in that a material box filled with the low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy particles is hoisted to a vibrating screen machine for screening, the qualified low-carbon high-efficiency deoxidized aluminum alloy particles are packaged and put in storage, and unqualified products are returned to the furnace for treatment.
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| CN202011555318.8A CN112779380A (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Efficient deoxidizing table aluminum for steelmaking and casting process thereof |
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| CN202011555318.8A CN112779380A (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Efficient deoxidizing table aluminum for steelmaking and casting process thereof |
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