CN112774631A - Method for preparing biochar-based composite adsorbing material by using aquatic product processing waste and application of biochar-based composite adsorbing material in antimony-containing wastewater treatment - Google Patents
Method for preparing biochar-based composite adsorbing material by using aquatic product processing waste and application of biochar-based composite adsorbing material in antimony-containing wastewater treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112774631A CN112774631A CN202110032692.8A CN202110032692A CN112774631A CN 112774631 A CN112774631 A CN 112774631A CN 202110032692 A CN202110032692 A CN 202110032692A CN 112774631 A CN112774631 A CN 112774631A
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4875—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being a waste, residue or of undefined composition
- B01J2220/4881—Residues from shells, e.g. eggshells, mollusk shells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Abstract
A method for preparing a biochar-based composite adsorbing material by using aquatic product processing waste and application of the biochar-based composite adsorbing material in antimony-containing wastewater treatment relate to the field of combination of aquatic product processing waste recovery treatment and antimony-containing wastewater treatment. Dissolving the aquatic product processing waste by acid, adjusting the pH value, extracting, carrying out solid-liquid separation, washing and drying to obtain an aquatic product processing waste biochar material; dissolving the aquatic product processing waste biochar material, tin chloride, copper nitrate and manganese nitrate by using water and dilute nitric acid, stirring and mixing uniformly, and adjusting the pH value of the system by using an ammonia water solution; transferring the reaction liquid into a heat collection type constant temperature water bath magnetic stirring reactor to carry out a solvothermal reaction; and drying to obtain the biochar-based composite adsorbing material which can be used for treating industrial and domestic sewage, waste water and waste gas environment containing antimony (3-valent antimony and 5-valent antimony).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of combination of aquatic product processing waste recovery treatment and antimony-containing wastewater treatment, in particular to a method for preparing a charcoal-based composite adsorbing material by using aquatic product processing waste and application of the charcoal-based composite adsorbing material in antimony-containing wastewater treatment.
Background
The biochar-based adsorbing material has rich porous structures, ultrahigh specific surface areas and rich surface functional groups, and is widely applied to the fields of adsorption separation, sewage treatment, gas purification and the like. Because the unique three-dimensional structure is widely concerned at present, the composite material has a unique framework structure, a higher surface area, directional pore channel distribution and higher chemical stability.
Antimony pollution is the pollution of antimony and its compounds to the environment. When antimony and antimony-containing metal smelting or coal mining and other processes use antimony or compounds, waste gas, waste water and waste residues containing antimony elements or compounds can be generated to pollute the environment. Antimony enters the atmosphere in the form of steam or dust during combustion or smelting of minerals. The antimony in the water comes from the dissolution of antimony-containing rocks, the discharge of antimony-containing industrial wastewater, the rainfall of antimony-containing and the like. Water seeps into the soil and also contaminates it. The antimony is enriched in water to reach 3 x 10-6The toxicity to algae is generated to 12X 10-6It is toxic to fish. The average antimony content in human body is 5.8 mg, and most of antimony is from tableware, ceramic glaze and the like. Workers engaged in the mining and smelting of antimony ores are prone to antimony poisoning. Contact antimony bloom (Sb)2O3) About half of the people in (1) have heart disorders. Antimony is similar to arsenic, and trivalent antimony is more toxic than pentavalent antimony. Antimony trioxide (SbH)3) Has strong toxicity, and can cause hemolysis, liver and kidney disorder, and pulmonary edema after inhalation. The smoke generated in the factory can irritate the skin mucosa, cause dermatitis, rhinitis and upper respiratory tract inflammation, can cause tumors, and is a suspected carcinogen.
The invention aims to prepare biochar by processing waste products of aquatic products and load a multi-element composite filler so as to realize effective treatment of antimony-containing wastewater.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing a charcoal-based composite adsorbing material by using aquatic product processing waste and application of the charcoal-based composite adsorbing material in antimony-containing wastewater treatment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for preparing a biochar-based composite adsorbing material by using aquatic product processing waste comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing the biochar material of the aquatic product processing waste
Dissolving the aquatic product processing waste by acid, adjusting the pH value, extracting, carrying out solid-liquid separation, washing and drying to obtain an aquatic product processing waste biochar material;
the aquatic product processing waste is selected from one of skin, scale and shell of fish, shrimp and crab;
② preparing the biochar-based composite adsorbing material
Dissolving the aquatic product processing waste biochar material, tin chloride, copper nitrate and manganese nitrate by using water and dilute nitric acid, stirring and mixing uniformly, and adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-11 by using an ammonia water solution;
transferring the reaction liquid into a heat collection type constant temperature water bath magnetic stirring reactor, starting 1000r/min of rotation speed for magnetic stirring, and carrying out solvothermal reaction for 90 minutes at 75 ℃ of hydrothermal impregnation;
then the magnetic stirring and heating functions are closed, the mixture is transferred into an oven, the drying temperature is set to be 110 ℃, and the mixture is dried for 120 minutes to obtain the biochar-based composite adsorbing material CuO-SnO2-MnO2。
Preferably, the weight ratio of the waste biochar material of aquatic product processing in the finally prepared biochar-based composite adsorbing material is 60-80%, and CuO-SnO serving as a filler2-MnO2The weight ratio of the components is 20-40%.
Preferably, CuO and SnO in finally prepared biochar-based composite adsorbing material2And MnO2In a molar ratio of 1: 1: 1.
preferably, the prepared charcoal-based composite adsorption material has a spherical and rod-like mixed structure, the pore structure is obvious, the microstructure presents multi-level and multi-scale, and the size range of the microstructure is 200nm-1 um.
The invention also provides application of the biochar-based composite adsorbing material in treatment of antimony-containing wastewater.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes the biochar-based aquatic plant waste with high activity after treatment as a main carrier and CuO-SnO with certain content and composition2-MnO2The multi-element composite adsorbing material with excellent performance is prepared by a magnetic stirring solvothermal method as a filler of the adsorbing material. The structure of the biological carbon-based composite adsorption material CuO-SnO is characterized by adopting an instrument characterization means XRD and SEM, the adsorption performance is tested, and the biological carbon-based composite adsorption material CuO-SnO with excellent performance is screened out2-MnO2. The curve of the adsorption capacity, the removal time and the material composition of the series of aquatic plant wastes with different compositions to the sewage solution containing antimony (3-valent antimony and 5-valent antimony) with the biochar-based composite material with high activity can be seen. With (30%) CuO-SnO2-MnO2(1: 1: 1) the modified aquatic product factory waste has the best biochar-based (70%) adsorption effect with high activity, and the adsorption amount reaches 205 mg/g. The prepared target product achieves the expected target of experimental design, and the CuO-SnO is proved2-MnO2The modified high-activity biochar-based adsorption material of aquatic plant wastes treated by the process can be used for treating industrial domestic sewage, waste water and waste gas environment containing antimony (3-valent antimony and 5-valent antimony), and the enriched antimony is used in the industrial production fields of flame retardants, electronic products, alloys, pigments, ceramics, chemical engineering, synthetic fibers, building materials, medicines and the like, so that the antimony resources are conveniently recycled, the environment is protected, and the resources and the energy are saved.
Drawings
The method for preparing the biochar-based composite adsorbing material by using the aquatic product processing waste and the application thereof in the treatment of the antimony-containing wastewater are further detailed in the following by combining the embodiment and the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of each series of composite adsorbents prepared in examples 1 to 10.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the percentage of antimony ions remaining in the adsorption of each series of composite adsorbent materials prepared in examples 1 to 10.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the adsorption amounts of the composite adsorbents of examples 1 to 10.
Fig. 4 is SEM images of low, medium, and high magnification in order of the composite adsorbent prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In the implementation, the prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO2-MnO2In the total weight ratio of the biochar material in the finally prepared biochar-based composite adsorbing material, CuO-SnO is used as a filler2-MnO2The weight ratio of the components is 30 percent. CuO and SnO in finally prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material2And MnO2In a molar ratio of 1: 1: 1. the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing the biochar material of the aquatic product processing waste
Dissolving the aquatic product processing waste by acid, adjusting the pH value, extracting, carrying out solid-liquid separation, washing and drying to obtain an aquatic product processing waste biochar material;
the aquatic product processing waste is selected from one of skin, scale and shell of fish, shrimp and crab;
② preparing the biochar-based composite adsorbing material
Dissolving the aquatic product processing waste biochar material, tin chloride, copper nitrate and manganese nitrate by using water and dilute nitric acid, stirring and mixing uniformly, and adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-11 by using an ammonia water solution;
transferring the reaction liquid into a heat collection type constant temperature water bath magnetic stirring reactor, starting 1000r/min of rotation speed for magnetic stirring, and carrying out solvothermal reaction for 90 minutes at 75 ℃ of hydrothermal impregnation;
then the magnetic stirring and heating functions are closed, the mixture is transferred into an oven, the drying temperature is set to be 110 ℃, and the mixture is dried for 120 minutes to obtain the biochar-based compositeSynthetic adsorption material CuO-SnO2-MnO2(1：1：1)。
Example 2
In the implementation, the prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO2-MnO2In the total weight ratio of the biochar material in the finally prepared biochar-based composite adsorbing material, CuO-SnO is used as a filler2-MnO2The weight ratio of the components is 30 percent. CuO and SnO in finally prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material2And MnO2In a molar ratio of 1: 2: 2. the preparation method is the same as that of example 1, and the biochar-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO is obtained2-MnO2(1：2：2)。
Example 3
In the implementation, the prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO2-MnO2In the total weight ratio of the biochar material in the finally prepared biochar-based composite adsorbing material, CuO-SnO is used as a filler2-MnO2The weight ratio of the components is 30 percent. CuO and SnO in finally prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material2And MnO2In a molar ratio of 2: 1: 1. the preparation method is the same as that of example 1, and the biochar-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO is obtained2-MnO2(2：1：1)。
Example 4
In the implementation, the prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO2-MnO2In the total weight ratio of the biochar material in the finally prepared biochar-based composite adsorbing material, CuO-SnO is used as a filler2-MnO2The weight ratio of the components is 30 percent. CuO and SnO in finally prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material2And MnO2In a molar ratio of 2: 1: 2. the preparation method is the same as that of example 1, and the biochar-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO is obtained2-MnO2(2：1：2)。
Example 5
In the implementation, the prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO2-MnO2The biochar material is contained in the finally prepared biochar-based composite adsorbing material70 wt% of CuO-SnO as filler2-MnO2The weight ratio of the components is 30 percent. CuO and SnO in finally prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material2And MnO2In a molar ratio of 2: 2: 1. the preparation method is the same as that of example 1, and the biochar-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO is obtained2-MnO2(2：2：1)。
Example 6
In the implementation, the prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO2-MnO2In the total weight ratio of the biochar material in the finally prepared biochar-based composite adsorbing material, CuO-SnO is used as a filler2-MnO2The weight ratio of the components is 30 percent. CuO and SnO in finally prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material2And MnO2In a molar ratio of 1: 1: 2. the preparation method is the same as that of example 1, and the biochar-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO is obtained2-MnO2(1：1：2)。
Example 7
In the implementation, the prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO2-MnO2In the total weight ratio of the biochar material in the finally prepared biochar-based composite adsorbing material, CuO-SnO is used as a filler2-MnO2The weight ratio of the components is 30 percent. CuO and SnO in finally prepared charcoal-based composite adsorbing material2And MnO2In a molar ratio of 1: 2: 1. the preparation method is the same as that of example 1, and the biochar-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO-SnO is obtained2-MnO2(1：2：1)。
Example 8
In this embodiment, the preparation method is the same as that of example 1, except that the biochar-based composite adsorbing material C-MnO was obtained without adding tin chloride and copper nitrate2。
Example 9
In this embodiment, the preparation method is the same as that of example 1, except that copper nitrate and manganese nitrate are not added to obtain the biochar-based composite adsorbing material C-SnO2。
Example 10
In this embodiment, the preparation method is the same as that in example 1 except that tin chloride and manganese nitrate are not added to obtain the biochar-based composite adsorbing material C-CuO.
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of each series of composite adsorbents prepared in examples 1 to 10. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the XRD diffractogram has significant CuO, MnO2，SnO2The diffraction peaks are all sharp, which shows that the synthesized composite adsorbent is in phase with the experimental design target C-CuO-SnO2-MnO2Are matched.
FIG. 2 shows the influence of the biochar-based composite adsorbent material with high activity, which is prepared from the modified aquatic plant wastes of different compositions in examples 1-10, on the removal rate of the antimony-containing (3-valent antimony and 5-valent antimony) sewage solution under the sunlight condition. Wherein the dosage of the sample adsorbing material is 50mg, the adsorption time is 70min, the volume of the polluted water solution containing antimony (3-valent antimony and 5-valent antimony) is 120mL, and the initial concentration is 100 mg/L. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the charcoal-based composite adsorbent prepared in example 1, CuO-SnO2-MnO2The adsorption effect of (1: 1: 1) is the best, the removal rate reaches 99.4%, and the adsorption removal effect of all series products with different compositions is better along with the time extension.
FIG. 3 is a graph of adsorption amount, removal time and material composition of a series of biochar-based composite materials with different compositions, which are prepared in examples 1-10 and processed by a process, on an antimony (3-valent antimony and 5-valent antimony) containing solution, wherein the biochar-based composite materials have high activity. Wherein the dosage of the sample adsorbing material is 40mg, the adsorption time is 140min, and the volume of the antimony-containing (3-valent antimony and 5-valent antimony) solution is 400 mL. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the charcoal-based composite adsorbent prepared in example 1, CuO-SnO2-MnO2(1: 1: 1) the adsorption effect is best, the adsorption capacity reaches 205mg/g, and the adsorption removal effect of all series products with different compositions is better along with the prolonging of time, after the adsorption time reaches 60 minutes, the adsorption capacity basically reaches stability along with the increasing of time, which shows that the adsorption process is mainly completed within 60 minutes, and the adsorption effect is good.
Through experiments, the prepared target product achieves the expected target of experimental design, and the prepared target product is provedBiological carbon-based composite adsorption material CuO-SnO2-MnO2The antimony-enriched composite material can be used for environmental treatment of industrial sewage and wastewater containing antimony (antimony 3 and antimony 5) heavy metal solution, and can be used for enriching antimony and treating flame retardants, electronic products, alloys, pigments, ceramics, chemical engineering, synthetic fibers, building materials, medicines and other fields, so that antimony resources can be recycled conveniently, the environment is protected, and resources and energy are saved.
Fig. 4 is SEM images of low, medium, and high magnification in order of the composite adsorbent prepared in example 1. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the prepared product has a spherical and rod-like mixed structure and a relatively obvious pore structure, so that the product can be applied to wastewater adsorption treatment. And the microstructure of the composite material presents multi-level and multi-scale, and the size range is between 200nm and 1 um.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the principles of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions of the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention or exceeding the scope of the claims set forth herein.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing a biochar-based composite adsorbing material by using aquatic product processing waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, preparing the biochar material of the aquatic product processing waste
Dissolving the aquatic product processing waste by acid, adjusting the pH value, extracting, carrying out solid-liquid separation, washing and drying to obtain an aquatic product processing waste biochar material;
the aquatic product processing waste is selected from one of skin, scale and shell of fish, shrimp and crab;
② preparing the biochar-based composite adsorbing material
Dissolving the aquatic product processing waste biochar material, tin chloride, copper nitrate and manganese nitrate by using water and dilute nitric acid, stirring and mixing uniformly, and adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-11 by using an ammonia water solution;
transferring the reaction liquid into a heat collection type constant temperature water bath magnetic stirring reactor, starting 1000r/min of rotation speed for magnetic stirring, and carrying out solvothermal reaction for 90 minutes at 75 ℃ of hydrothermal impregnation;
then the magnetic stirring and heating functions are closed, the mixture is transferred into an oven, the drying temperature is set to be 110 ℃, and the mixture is dried for 120 minutes to obtain the biochar-based composite adsorbing material CuO-SnO2-MnO2。
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biochar material of the waste products of aquatic processing accounts for 60-80% by weight of the finally prepared biochar-based composite adsorbing material, and CuO-SnO is used as a filler2-MnO2The weight ratio of the components is 20-40%.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein CuO and SnO are contained in the final charcoal-based composite adsorbent material2And MnO2In a molar ratio of 1: 1: 1.
4. the biochar-based composite adsorbing material prepared by the method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is characterized by having a spherical and rod-like mixed structure, obvious pore channel structure and multi-level and multi-scale microstructure, and the size of the micro-structure ranges from 200nm to 1 um.
5. The application of the biochar-based composite adsorbing material as claimed in claim 4 in the treatment of antimony-containing wastewater.
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