Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for purifying medium-high temperature waste gas, which is simple and has high purification efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a medium-high temperature exhaust gas purification method comprises the following steps:
conveying the medium-high temperature waste gas to a cooling purification tower, spraying cooling water in the cooling purification tower in a reverse direction, and performing first-stage purification to obtain first purified gas;
the first purified gas enters the solubilization cyclone purification tower along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the excircle of the cyclone purification tower, and the solubilization cyclone purification tower is reversely sprayed with cooling absorption liquid for second purification to obtain second purified gas;
carrying out water-gas separation on the second purified gas to obtain purified gas;
the medium-high temperature waste gas contains particles, VOC gas and other pollutants, and the boiling point of the VOC gas is 150-180 ℃;
the cooling absorption liquid contains a solubilizer which is one or more of alkaline substances, surfactants, phosphate, oleate and oleylamine.
Preferably, the medium-high temperature waste gas is waste gas generated in high-temperature solidification in a coating process, waste gas generated in a metal powder sintering process or waste gas generated in a plastic injection molding process.
Preferably, the speed of the medium-high temperature waste gas passing through the cooling purification tower is not more than 2m/s, and the retention time of the medium-high temperature waste gas in the cooling purification tower is 3-5 s.
Preferably, the temperature of the cooling water is 5-50 ℃.
Preferably, the strength of the reverse spray cooling water is 10-20 m3/h·m2。
Preferably, the speed of the first purified gas entering the solubilization cyclone purification tower along the tangential direction of the outer circle inner wall of the cyclone purification tower is 20-40 m/s.
Preferably, the residence time of the first purified gas in the solubilization cyclone purification tower is 3-5 s.
Preferably, the temperature of the cooling absorption liquid is 5-40 ℃.
Preferably, the strength of the reverse spray cooling absorption liquid is 10-20 m3/h·m2。
The beneficial technical effects are as follows: the invention provides a method for purifying medium-high temperature waste gas, which comprises the following steps: conveying the medium-high temperature waste gas to a cooling purification tower, and spraying cooling water in the cooling purification tower in a reverse direction for first purification to obtain first purified gas; the first purified gas enters the solubilization cyclone purification tower along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the excircle of the cyclone purification tower, and the solubilization cyclone purification tower is reversely sprayed with cooling absorption liquid for second purification to obtain second purified gas; carrying out water-gas separation on the second purified gas to obtain purified gas, wherein the medium-high temperature waste gas contains particulate matters, VOC gas and other pollutants, and the boiling point of the VOC gas is 150-180 ℃; the cooling absorption liquid contains a solubilizer which is one or more of alkaline substances, surfactants, phosphate, oleate and oleylamine. The invention adopts water as the absorption medium of the waste gas, so that the particulate matters and water-soluble matters in the waste gas are dissolved in the water; further, the cooling absorption liquid containing the solubilizing agent is sprayed in the solubilizing rotational flow purification tower, so that the affinity of pollutants and an absorption medium is improved. For example, the surface tension of the liquid can be reduced and the hydrophilicity of the VOC gas can be improved by adding a surfactant; adding alkaline substances to carry out neutralization reaction on the acidic oxides; meanwhile, the particles flow into the sewage tank along with the cooling absorption liquid. The simple purification method for the medium-high temperature waste gas provided by the invention has high purification efficiency.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for purifying medium-high temperature waste gas, which comprises the following steps:
conveying the medium-high temperature waste gas to a cooling purification tower, and spraying cooling water in the cooling purification tower in a reverse direction for first purification to obtain first purified gas;
the first purified gas enters the solubilization cyclone purification tower along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the excircle of the cyclone purification tower, and the solubilization cyclone purification tower is reversely sprayed with cooling absorption liquid for second purification to obtain second purified gas;
carrying out water-gas separation on the second gas to obtain purified gas;
the medium-high temperature waste gas contains particles, VOC gas and other pollutants, and the boiling point of the VOC gas is 150-180 ℃;
the cooling absorption liquid contains a solubilizer which is one or more of an alkaline substance, a surfactant and an additive.
In the invention, the medium-high temperature waste gas contains particulate matters, VOCs and other pollutants, and the boiling point of the VOC gas is preferably 150-180 ℃. In the present invention, the medium-high temperature exhaust gas is preferably exhaust gas generated by high-temperature curing during coating, exhaust gas generated during sintering of metal powder, or exhaust gas generated during injection molding of plastic. In the invention, the temperature of the medium-high temperature waste gas before being conveyed to the cooling and purifying tower is preferably 180-250 ℃, and more preferably 200-220 ℃.
In the invention, the medium-high temperature waste gas is preferably conveyed to the cooling and purifying tower through a fan. The invention has no special requirements on the fan, and the fan well known by the technical personnel in the field can be selected.
The velocity of the medium-high temperature exhaust gas passing through the cooling purification tower is preferably not more than 2 m/s; the residence time of the medium-high temperature waste gas in the cooling purification tower is preferably 3-5 s, and more preferably 4 s. The invention ensures that the cooling water fully cools and absorbs the medium-high temperature waste gas by setting the retention time of the medium-high temperature waste gas in the purification tower, and the pollutant can be purified by more than 40 percent at the stage.
In the invention, the temperature of the cooling water is preferably 5-50 ℃, and more preferably 20-35 ℃; the strength of the reverse spray cooling water is preferably 10-20 m3/h·m2More preferably 15m3/h·m2. The invention adopts water as the cooling agent of the VOC gas, so that the VOC gas is cooled and condensed into liquid, and the VOC gas which is easy to dissolve in water and the particulate matter in the waste gas are absorbed.
In the invention, the medium-high temperature waste gas preferably enters the purification tower from top to bottom, and the cooling water is preferably sprayed from bottom to top.
After the first purified gas is obtained, the first purified gas enters the solubilization cyclone purification tower along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the excircle of the cyclone purification tower, and the solubilization cyclone purification tower reversely sprays cooling absorption liquid to perform second purification, so that second purified gas is obtained.
In the present invention, the temperature of the first purge gas is preferably not more than 60 ℃.
In the invention, the cooling absorption liquid contains a solubilizer which is one or more of alkaline substances, surfactants and additives.
In the invention, the alkaline substance is preferably one or more of calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate; the surfactant is preferably a cationic surfactant, and more preferably one or more of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene, diethanolamide and alkyl polyether; the additive is preferably one or more of phosphate, oleate and oleylamine.
In the present invention, when the solubilizer contains an alkaline substance, the mass concentration of the alkaline substance is preferably (1-10)%, more preferably (2-5)%; when the solubilizer contains a surfactant, the mass concentration of the surfactant is preferably (0.1-5)%, and more preferably (1-5)%. When the solubilizer contains an additive, the mass concentration of the additive is preferably (1-10)%, and more preferably (2-5)%.
In the invention, the speed of the first purified gas entering the solubilization cyclone purification tower along the tangential direction of the outer circle inner wall of the cyclone purification tower is preferably 20-40 m/s, more preferably 25-35 m/s, and most preferably 30 m/s. The first purified gas enters the solubilization cyclone purification tower along the tangential direction of the outer circle inner wall of the cyclone tower to keep the gas in the tower to rise to the maximum extent.
In the invention, the residence time of the first purified gas in the solubilization cyclone purification cyclone is preferably 2-5 s, more preferably 3-4 s, and most preferably 2.5-3.5 s.
The strength of the reverse spray cooling absorption liquid is preferably 10-20 m3/h·m2More preferably 15 to 20m3/h·m2。
According to the invention, the cooling absorption liquid containing the solubilizer is sprayed in the solubilization cyclone purification tower, so that the affinity of VOC gas, particulate matters and other pollutants with the spraying liquid is improved. For example, the surface tension of the liquid can be reduced and the hydrophilicity of the VOC gas can be improved by adding a surfactant; adding alkaline substances to perform neutralization reaction on the acidic oxides, wherein more than 45% of total pollutants can be purified at the stage; meanwhile, the particles flow into the sewage tank along with the cooling absorption liquid.
In the invention, the first purified gas is preferably conveyed to an air inlet of the solubilization cyclone purification tower through a fan so as to enter the solubilization cyclone purification tower along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the outer circle of the solubilization cyclone purification tower, the first purified gas spirally rises in the tower, and the solubilization purification cyclone mixing tower is internally and reversely sprayed with cooling absorption liquid from top to bottom.
In the present invention, the rate of spiral rise of the first purified gas in the column is preferably not more than 2 m/s.
The fan is not particularly limited in the invention, and a fan well known to those skilled in the art can be selected.
The solubilization cyclone purification tower is not specially limited, and the technological requirements of the invention can be met.
And after the second purified gas is obtained, carrying out water-gas separation on the second purified gas to obtain the purified gas.
In the present invention, the temperature of the second purge gas is preferably not more than 40 ℃.
In the present invention, the method for separating water and gas is preferably a method for separating water and gas by using a water-gas separator. The type of the water-gas separator is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a separator known to those skilled in the art may be selected.
In the present invention, the liquid obtained after the first purification, the second purification and the water-gas separation is preferably fed into a waste liquid treatment system.
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The medium-high temperature waste gas generated in a baking furnace in the coating process is heated to 180-200 ℃, and the content of particles is 220mg/m3VOC content of 250mg/m3The medium-high temperature waste gas is sent to a cooling purification tower through a fan, is input from the top of the tower, rises in the tower at a speed of not more than 2m/s, and stays in the tower for 3 s. Spraying cooling water from bottom to top in the purification tower for first purification, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is 35 ℃, and the spraying intensity of the cooling water is 10m3/h·m2. After the first purification, part of the VOC gas liquefies and part dissolves in water.
The method comprises the following steps that firstly purified noncondensable insoluble gas (namely, first purified gas) is conveyed to the bottom of a solubilization cyclone purification tower through a fan, the gas enters the solubilization cyclone purification tower in a tangential air inlet mode, the tangential air inlet speed is 25m/s, the first purified gas enters the solubilization cyclone purification tower and rises in a spiral mode, the rising speed is 1-2 m/s, the staying time in the tower is 3-4 s, and 5% of sodium carbonate absorption liquid is sprayed from top to bottom in the solubilization cyclone purification tower to carry out secondary purification.
And (4) separating the gas subjected to the second purification and the water mist by using a water-gas separator at the tail end to obtain purified gas. The apparatus used in the above steps is shown in FIG. 1.
The detected VOC concentration is less than 30mg/m3The particles are less than 50mg/m3And the emission is completely up to the standard. And waste liquid generated by the first purification, the second purification and the water-gas separation is treated and then reflows to the spray tank for recycling.
Example 2
Metal powder, alloy particles and the like are mixed with an organic adhesive and then are molded by pressure injection, medium-high temperature waste gas generated after the molding is sintered is at the temperature of between 200 and 220 ℃, and the content of particles is 45mg/m3VOC content of 120mg/m3The medium-high temperature waste gas is sent to a cooling purification tower through a fan, is input from the top of the tower, rises in the tower at a speed of not more than 2m/s, and stays in the tower for 5 s. Spraying cooling water from bottom to top in the purification tower for first purification, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is 40 ℃, and the spraying intensity of the cooling water is 20m3/h·m2. After the first purification, part of the VOC gas liquefies and part dissolves in water.
The first purified noncondensable insoluble gas (namely, the first purified gas) is conveyed to the bottom of the solubilization cyclone purification tower through a fan so as to enter the solubilization cyclone purification tower along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the excircle of the solubilization cyclone purification tower, the tangential air inlet speed is 40m/s, the first purified gas enters the solubilization cyclone purification tower and rises in a spiral mode, the rising speed is 1-2 m/s, the retention time in the tower is 2-3 s, and the solubilization cyclone purification tower sprays the diethanolamide solubilizer with the mass fraction of 0.1% from top to bottom to purify for the second time.
And (4) separating the gas subjected to the second purification and the water mist by using a water-gas separator at the tail end to obtain purified gas. The apparatus used in the above steps is shown in FIG. 1.
The detected VOC concentration is less than 50mg/m3The particles are less than 20mg/m3And the emission is completely up to the standard. And waste liquid generated by the first purification, the second purification and the gas-liquid separation is treated and then reflows to the spray tank for recycling.
Example 3
The medium-high temperature waste gas generated in the hot injection molding process of the plastic product is 250 ℃ to upThe particle content is 35mg/m and the VOC content is 80mg/m at the temperature of 300 ℃, the medium-high temperature waste gas is sent to a cooling purification tower through a fan, is input from the top of the tower, the rising speed in the tower is not more than 2m/s, and the retention time in the tower is 4 s. Spraying cooling water from bottom to top in the purification tower for first purification, wherein the temperature of the cooling liquid is 25 ℃, and the spraying strength of the cooling liquid is 15m3/h·m2. After the first purification, part of the VOC gas is liquefied and part is dissolved in the coolant.
The noncondensable insoluble gas (namely the first purified gas) after the first purification is carried to solubilization cyclone purification tower bottom through the fan to get into solubilization cyclone purification tower along solubilization cyclone purification tower excircle inner wall tangential direction, the speed of tangential air inlet is 30m/s, first purified gas gets into solubilization cyclone purification tower and is the spiral mode and rises, and the rate of rise is 1 ~ 2m/s, and the time of dwell is 4 ~ 5s in the tower, and top-down sprays the solubilizer that the mass fraction is 5% oleic ammonia in the solubilization cyclone purification tower, carries out the second purification.
And (4) separating the gas subjected to the second purification and the water mist by using a water-gas separator at the tail end to obtain purified gas. The apparatus used in the above steps is shown in FIG. 1.
The VOC concentration is less than 30mg/m and the particulate matter is less than 15mg/m through detection, and the emission is completely up to the standard. And waste liquid generated by the first purification, the second purification and the water-gas separation is treated and then reflows to the spray tank for recycling.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.