CN112772475A - 一种斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,包括以下步骤:(1)挑选优质亲鱼,放入饲养的池塘中;(2)亲鱼放养5‑10天后开始进行培育投喂,至亲鱼到产卵前30天开始一直到繁殖期间,改用新鲜鱼块进行投喂;(3)至亲鱼繁殖期间,每天深夜巡视亲鱼活动情况,当发现出现亲鱼在水面有追逐反应时,将人工鱼巢放入池塘中供亲鱼产卵;(4)将人工鱼巢中的卵块取出放入盛有池水的水盆中,在避免阳光直射的条件下将其送入孵化室进行孵化即可。本发明斑点叉尾鮰的亲鱼培育技术简单易操作,对其养殖期间优化过程,减少劳动量,提高亲鱼成活和繁殖能力都有很好的促进作用,具有很好的经济效益和社会效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水产养殖技术领域,尤其涉及一种斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法。
背景技术
水产养殖业是我国渔业领域的重要支柱性产业之一,目前我国大多数的经济鱼类主要以池塘养殖方式为主,但已面临结构优化和技术升级压力,在生产效率、资源利用率、环境保护等层面亟待提升,积极推广工厂化养殖***符合对水产养殖产业集约化、可持续发展要求。
斑点叉尾鮰是一种易养殖、产量高、效益好、肉味鲜美、无肌间刺和易加工的优质淡水鱼类,具有生长快、适温范围广、抗病力强等特点,其摄食颗粒饲料,饵料系数低,适于集约化和规模化养殖。在斑点叉尾鮰集约化养殖模式下,高放养密度是获取高养殖效益回报的基础,但目前其养殖方法存在多种不足之处,尤其是在斑点叉尾鮰的亲鱼培育中,亲鱼培育的好坏直接影响了繁殖鱼卵的产量和质量,直接影响了鱼苗的健康,但目前尚无制度化的斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,为此本发明提供一种斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,旨在为斑点叉尾鮰养殖提供优质价廉的种苗,扩大养殖规模,增加养殖效益。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,提供一种斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法。
为了实现上述的目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
一种斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)挑选性腺发育良好,体重在1.5-2kg的斑点叉尾鮰作为亲鱼,放入饲养的池塘中;
(2)亲鱼放养5-10天后开始进行培育投喂,以颗粒饲料平均日投喂率为亲鱼体重的2-3%,每天投喂3-4次,至亲鱼到产卵前30天开始一直到繁殖期间,改用新鲜鱼块进行投喂,投喂量为亲鱼体重的5-10%;
(3)至亲鱼繁殖期间,每天深夜巡视亲鱼活动情况,当发现出现亲鱼在水面有追逐反应时,将人工鱼巢放入池塘中供亲鱼产卵;
(4)将人工鱼巢中的卵块取出放入盛有池水的水盆中,在避免阳光直射的条件下将其送入孵化室进行孵化即可。
进一步的,所述步骤1中亲鱼的雌雄比例根据繁殖方式调整,采用自然繁殖则按照雌雄比例1:1进行混养,采用人工***和人工授精的方式则雌雄分养。
进一步的,所述步骤1中亲鱼饲养的池塘控制亲鱼密度为4-5平方米放1尾,总放养量控制在225-250千克/亩。
进一步的,所述步骤1中池塘通过清塘净全池泼洒,7-10天后试水无毒后,将亲鱼经浓度为50g/L食盐水浸洗5分钟后即可放养。
进一步的,所述步骤1中在亲鱼放养的同时可同时搭配30-50尾/亩的鲢鱼和鳙鱼混养。
进一步的,所述步骤2中培育期间控制池塘水温在15-30℃,水中溶氧>5mg/L,透明度30-35cm。
进一步的,所述步骤2中所用颗粒饲料由以下重量份的原料经混合造粒制成:鱼粉30份、酵母12份、骨粉10份、麦麸24份、玉米粒16份、啤酒糟7份、聚β-羟基丁酸酯1份。
进一步的,所述步骤3中人工鱼巢为铁皮制成的无底的茶叶桶形状容器,其口径15-25cm,长70-90cm,直径35-45cm,底部用网布蒙上扎紧,并用1-2米细绳扎成一个浮子作为检查鱼卵的标志,下放鱼巢时将产卵桶口对亲鱼池中心,离池边0.4-0.6米,水下0.6-1米,以便发现鱼卵和及时取走鱼卵。
本发明的优点是:
本发明提供了开春季节斑点叉尾鮰的亲鱼培育技术,引进的亲鱼在存在年龄、体重方面差异的情况下通过统筹安排、分类放养,在有限的培育时间内,有针对性地进行饲养管理,以获得最佳效果,在放养时根据繁殖方式调整混养或是雌雄分养,避免性成熟的亲鱼在池塘中自然产卵孵化,使生产计划失控。
本发明在斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼放养的同时,在池塘中加入鲢鱼和鳙鱼进行混养,鲢鱼和鳙鱼与斑点叉尾鮰食性相差较大,不会引起亲鱼争食影响正常发育,同时能够有效的控制水质,有利于增大繁殖量,提高单产。
在亲鱼喂食阶段先以高蛋白含量的颗粒饲料进行增重,饲料中含有鱼粉、酵母、骨粉等多种斑点叉尾鮰的适口食物,同时辅以的聚β-羟基丁酸酯具有促进亲鱼生长,增强免疫和水质调控的作用,接近繁殖期后则改用新鲜鱼块进行投喂,以增加亲鱼自身营养,提供大量营养储备,为繁殖做准备。
本发明的自制人工鱼巢可根据浮子作为标志,便于观察,容易发现鱼卵和及时取走鱼卵。
本发明斑点叉尾鮰的亲鱼培育技术简单易操作,对其养殖期间优化过程,减少劳动量,提高亲鱼成活和繁殖能力都有很好的促进作用,具有很好的经济效益和社会效益。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体的实例对本发明的技术方案做进一步说明:
实施例1
一种斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)挑选性腺发育良好,体重在1.5-2kg的斑点叉尾鮰作为亲鱼,放入饲养的池塘中,亲鱼的雌雄比例根据繁殖方式调整,采用自然繁殖则按照雌雄比例1:1进行混养,采用人工***和人工授精的方式则雌雄分养,亲鱼饲养的池塘控制亲鱼密度为4平方米放1尾,总放养量控制在230-240千克/亩,池塘通过清塘净全池泼洒,7-10天后试水无毒后,将亲鱼经浓度为50g/L食盐水浸洗5分钟后即可放养,在亲鱼放养的同时可同时搭配40尾/亩的鲢鱼和鳙鱼混养;
(2)亲鱼放养7天后开始进行培育投喂,以颗粒饲料平均日投喂率为亲鱼体重的2.5%,每天投喂3次,至亲鱼到产卵前30天开始一直到繁殖期间,改用新鲜鱼块进行投喂,投喂量为亲鱼体重的8%,培育期间控制池塘水温在20-25℃,水中溶氧>5mg/L,透明度30-35cm,颗粒饲料由以下重量份的原料经混合造粒制成:鱼粉30份、酵母12份、骨粉10份、麦麸24份、玉米粒16份、啤酒糟7份、聚β-羟基丁酸酯1份;
(3)至亲鱼繁殖期间,每天深夜巡视亲鱼活动情况,当发现出现亲鱼在水面有追逐反应时,将人工鱼巢放入池塘中供亲鱼产卵,人工鱼巢为铁皮制成的无底的茶叶桶形状容器,其口径20cm,长80cm,直径40cm,底部用网布蒙上扎紧,并用1.5米细绳扎成一个浮子作为检查鱼卵的标志,下放鱼巢时将产卵桶口对亲鱼池中心,离池边0.5米,水下0.8米,以便发现鱼卵和及时取走鱼卵;
(4)将人工鱼巢中的卵块取出放入盛有池水的水盆中,在避免阳光直射的条件下将其送入孵化室进行孵化即可。
实施例2
一种斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)挑选性腺发育良好,体重在1.5-2kg的斑点叉尾鮰作为亲鱼,放入饲养的池塘中,亲鱼的雌雄比例根据繁殖方式调整,采用自然繁殖则按照雌雄比例1:1进行混养,采用人工***和人工授精的方式则雌雄分养,亲鱼饲养的池塘控制亲鱼密度为4平方米放1尾,总放养量控制在225-240千克/亩,池塘通过清塘净全池泼洒,7-10天后试水无毒后,将亲鱼经浓度为50g/L食盐水浸洗5分钟后即可放养,在亲鱼放养的同时可同时搭配30尾/亩的鲢鱼和鳙鱼混养;
(2)亲鱼放养5天后开始进行培育投喂,以颗粒饲料平均日投喂率为亲鱼体重的2%,每天投喂4次,至亲鱼到产卵前30天开始一直到繁殖期间,改用新鲜鱼块进行投喂,投喂量为亲鱼体重的5%,培育期间控制池塘水温在15-25℃,水中溶氧>5mg/L,透明度30-35cm,颗粒饲料由以下重量份的原料经混合造粒制成:鱼粉30份、酵母12份、骨粉10份、麦麸24份、玉米粒16份、啤酒糟7份、聚β-羟基丁酸酯1份;
(3)至亲鱼繁殖期间,每天深夜巡视亲鱼活动情况,当发现出现亲鱼在水面有追逐反应时,将人工鱼巢放入池塘中供亲鱼产卵,人工鱼巢为铁皮制成的无底的茶叶桶形状容器,其口径15cm,长70cm,直径35cm,底部用网布蒙上扎紧,并用1米细绳扎成一个浮子作为检查鱼卵的标志,下放鱼巢时将产卵桶口对亲鱼池中心,离池边0.4米,水下0.6米,以便发现鱼卵和及时取走鱼卵;
(4)将人工鱼巢中的卵块取出放入盛有池水的水盆中,在避免阳光直射的条件下将其送入孵化室进行孵化即可。
实施例3
一种斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)挑选性腺发育良好,体重在1.5-2kg的斑点叉尾鮰作为亲鱼,放入饲养的池塘中,亲鱼的雌雄比例根据繁殖方式调整,采用自然繁殖则按照雌雄比例1:1进行混养,采用人工***和人工授精的方式则雌雄分养,亲鱼饲养的池塘控制亲鱼密度为5平方米放1尾,总放养量控制在240-250千克/亩,池塘通过清塘净全池泼洒,7-10天后试水无毒后,将亲鱼经浓度为50g/L食盐水浸洗5分钟后即可放养,在亲鱼放养的同时可同时搭配50尾/亩的鲢鱼和鳙鱼混养;
(2)亲鱼放养10天后开始进行培育投喂,以颗粒饲料平均日投喂率为亲鱼体重的3%,每天投喂3次,至亲鱼到产卵前30天开始一直到繁殖期间,改用新鲜鱼块进行投喂,投喂量为亲鱼体重的10%,培育期间控制池塘水温在20-30℃,水中溶氧>5mg/L,透明度30-35cm,颗粒饲料由以下重量份的原料经混合造粒制成:鱼粉30份、酵母12份、骨粉10份、麦麸24份、玉米粒16份、啤酒糟7份、聚β-羟基丁酸酯1份;
(3)至亲鱼繁殖期间,每天深夜巡视亲鱼活动情况,当发现出现亲鱼在水面有追逐反应时,将人工鱼巢放入池塘中供亲鱼产卵,人工鱼巢为铁皮制成的无底的茶叶桶形状容器,其口径25cm,长90cm,直径45cm,底部用网布蒙上扎紧,并用2米细绳扎成一个浮子作为检查鱼卵的标志,下放鱼巢时将产卵桶口对亲鱼池中心,离池边0.6米,水下1米,以便发现鱼卵和及时取走鱼卵;
(4)将人工鱼巢中的卵块取出放入盛有池水的水盆中,在避免阳光直射的条件下将其送入孵化室进行孵化即可。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)挑选性腺发育良好,体重在1.5-2kg的斑点叉尾鮰作为亲鱼,放入饲养的池塘中;
(2)亲鱼放养5-10天后开始进行培育投喂,以颗粒饲料平均日投喂率为亲鱼体重的2-3%,每天投喂3-4次,至亲鱼到产卵前30天开始一直到繁殖期间,改用新鲜鱼块进行投喂,投喂量为亲鱼体重的5-10%;
(3)至亲鱼繁殖期间,每天深夜巡视亲鱼活动情况,当发现出现亲鱼在水面有追逐反应时,将人工鱼巢放入池塘中供亲鱼产卵;
(4)将人工鱼巢中的卵块取出放入盛有池水的水盆中,在避免阳光直射的条件下将其送入孵化室进行孵化即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中亲鱼的雌雄比例根据繁殖方式调整,采用自然繁殖则按照雌雄比例1:1进行混养,采用人工***和人工授精的方式则雌雄分养。
3.根据权利要求1所述的斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中亲鱼饲养的池塘控制亲鱼密度为4-5平方米放1尾,总放养量控制在225-250千克/亩。
4.根据权利要求1所述的斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中池塘通过清塘净全池泼洒,7-10天后试水无毒后,将亲鱼经浓度为50g/L食盐水浸洗5分钟后即可放养。
5.根据权利要求1所述的斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中在亲鱼放养的同时可同时搭配30-50尾/亩的鲢鱼和鳙鱼混养。
6.根据权利要求1所述的斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中培育期间控制池塘水温在15-30℃,水中溶氧>5mg/L,透明度30-35cm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中所用颗粒饲料由以下重量份的原料经混合造粒制成:鱼粉30份、酵母12份、骨粉10份、麦麸24份、玉米粒16份、啤酒糟7份、聚β-羟基丁酸酯1份。
8.根据权利要求1所述的斑点叉尾鮰亲鱼培育方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中人工鱼巢为铁皮制成的无底的茶叶桶形状容器,其口径15-25cm,长70-90cm,直径35-45cm,底部用网布蒙上扎紧,并用1-2米细绳扎成一个浮子作为检查鱼卵的标志,下放鱼巢时将产卵桶口对亲鱼池中心,离池边0.4-0.6米,水下0.6-1米,以便发现鱼卵和及时取走鱼卵。
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