CN112764236B - Array light beam emission and imaging integrated device, system and use method - Google Patents
Array light beam emission and imaging integrated device, system and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112764236B CN112764236B CN202110081559.1A CN202110081559A CN112764236B CN 112764236 B CN112764236 B CN 112764236B CN 202110081559 A CN202110081559 A CN 202110081559A CN 112764236 B CN112764236 B CN 112764236B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/14—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
- G02B27/145—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only having sequential partially reflecting surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H13/00—Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
- F41H13/0043—Directed energy weapons, i.e. devices that direct a beam of high energy content toward a target for incapacitating or destroying the target
- F41H13/005—Directed energy weapons, i.e. devices that direct a beam of high energy content toward a target for incapacitating or destroying the target the high-energy beam being a laser beam
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/1006—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths
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Abstract
The invention discloses an array beam emission and imaging integrated device, a system and a use method, wherein the device comprises: the system comprises an aperture diaphragm, a plurality of light beam emitting and imaging sub-modules and an optical synthesis imaging unit, wherein the aperture diaphragm is provided with a plurality of sub-apertures; each beam emission and imaging sub-module comprises: the light path units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the sub-apertures, the light splitting units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the light path units, and the laser emitting units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the light splitting units; the optical synthesis imaging unit is used for coherently synthesizing the light transmitted by all the light splitting units to form an image. The invention can realize effective imaging identification of long-distance weak small targets and high-speed maneuvering targets. In addition, the optical synthesis imaging unit and the laser emission unit of each beam emission and imaging submodule share one sub-aperture, one optical path unit and one light splitting unit, so that the overall weight and the volume of the array beam emission and imaging integrated device are smaller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical emission imaging, in particular to an array light beam emission and imaging device, an array light beam emission and imaging system and a using method.
Background
The directional energy equipment is a device for irradiating a target by using a high-energy laser beam, and becomes a research hotspot at home and abroad due to the characteristics of accurate light speed striking, electromagnetic resistance, easy maintenance, high combat efficiency-cost ratio and the like.
In the related art, the directional energy equipment is divided into two systems of common aperture transmission and array beam combining transmission according to the working mode. The common-aperture emission system can effectively improve the target power of the system by increasing the emission aperture, but the volume and the weight of the system are increased along with the increase of the aperture of the optical system, and when the emission aperture is larger than the atmospheric coherence length, a light beam is influenced by atmospheric turbulence in atmospheric transmission, additional disturbance is introduced, and the target power density is reduced. The array beam synthesis transmitting system is not limited by optical devices in the aspects of power improvement and synthesis path number expansion, and is one of effective ways for realizing the light and small size of directional energy equipment.
However, the array beam synthesis emission system is limited by the entrance pupil area of a single aperture, the imaging resolution is difficult to improve, effective imaging identification of a long-distance weak small target and a high-speed maneuvering target cannot be realized, and the conversion of the array beam synthesis emission system to engineering is severely limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an array light beam emitting and imaging integrated device, an array light beam emitting and imaging integrated system and a using method, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the related technology, imaging resolution of the array light beam emitting and imaging device is difficult to improve, and effective imaging identification of long-distance weak small targets and high-speed maneuvering targets cannot be realized.
In a first aspect, an array beam emission and imaging integrated device is provided, which includes:
an aperture stop provided with a plurality of sub apertures;
a plurality of beam emission and imaging sub-modules, each of said beam emission and imaging sub-modules comprising:
-an optical path element arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each of said sub-apertures;
-a light splitting unit arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each of said light path units;
-laser emitting units arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each of said light splitting units;
and the optical synthesis imaging unit is used for coherently synthesizing the light transmitted by all the light splitting units to form an image.
In some embodiments, each of the beam emission and imaging sub-modules further comprises:
and the active illumination imaging units are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the light splitting units.
In some embodiments, each of the light splitting units includes:
the first spectroscope is used for reflecting the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit to the corresponding optical path unit and transmitting visible light or infrared light from the corresponding optical path unit;
and the second spectroscope is used for reflecting the visible light or the infrared light from the first spectroscope to the active illumination imaging unit and transmitting the visible light or the infrared light from the first spectroscope to the optical synthesis imaging unit.
In some embodiments, each of the light path units includes:
the fast reflecting mirror is arranged corresponding to one first spectroscope;
the telescope is arranged on the corresponding sub-aperture diaphragm;
and the reflector is arranged between the quick reflection mirror and the telescope.
In some embodiments, the fast reflecting mirror is provided with a driving element for driving the mirror plate deflection of the fast reflecting mirror to change the tilt angle of the fast reflecting mirror plate.
In some embodiments, the array beam emission and imaging integrated device further comprises:
a plurality of phase detectors, each of which is arranged corresponding to one of the second beam splitters;
and the optical phase delay adjusters are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the phase detectors.
In some embodiments, the optical synthesis imaging unit comprises:
the beam combiner is used for converging the infrared light which receives all the optical phase delay adjusters;
an imaging sensor for receiving the infrared light of the beam combiner for imaging.
In some embodiments, the laser emission unit includes a laser and an emission focusing assembly disposed between the laser and the corresponding first spectroscope.
In a second aspect, there is provided an array beam emission and imaging integrated system comprising a plurality of array beam emission and imaging integrated devices of claim 1, further comprising:
the array light beam emitting and imaging integrated device is arranged on the tracking device;
the infrared imaging device is arranged on the tracking device;
and the laser ranging device is arranged on the tracking device.
In a third aspect, a method for using an array beam emission and imaging integrated system is provided, which comprises the following steps:
searching a target in a visual field range by using an infrared imaging device, realizing imaging and coarse tracking of the target through the infrared imaging device and a tracking device according to target distance information of a laser ranging device, and converting the coarse tracking target into a visual field of a plurality of array light beam emission and imaging integrated devices from the visual field of the infrared imaging device;
the optical synthesis imaging unit is used for realizing the optical synthesis imaging of the target, the centroid coordinate of the target is solved according to the optical synthesis imaging of the target, the light path unit is controlled according to the centroid coordinate of the target to realize the fine tracking of the target, and then the laser emission unit is used for irradiating the target.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the embodiment of the invention provides an array beam emitting and imaging integrated device, an array beam emitting and imaging integrated system and a using method, wherein an optical synthesis imaging unit is arranged to coherently synthesize light transmitted by all light splitting units (13) to form an image, so that effective imaging identification of long-distance weak small targets and high-speed maneuvering targets can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an array beam emission and imaging integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an integrated array beam emission and imaging system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. array light beam emission and imaging integrated device; 11. an aperture diaphragm; 12. an optical path unit; 121. a fast reflecting mirror; 122. a telescope; 123. a mirror; 124. a drive element; 13. a light splitting unit; 131. a first beam splitter; 132. a second spectroscope; 14. a laser emitting unit; 15. an active illumination imaging unit; 16. an optical synthesis imaging unit; 161. a beam combiner; 162. an imaging sensor; 17. a phase detector; 18. an optical phase delay adjuster; 2. a tracking device; 3. an active lighting device; 4. an infrared imaging device; 5. laser rangefinder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides an array beam emitting and imaging integrated device, which can solve the technical problem that the existing array beam emitting and imaging device is large in overall volume and weight.
Referring to fig. 1, an array beam emission and imaging integrated device includes an aperture stop 11, a plurality of beam emission and imaging sub-modules, and an optical synthesis imaging unit 16.
The aperture diaphragm 11 is provided with a plurality of sub apertures, and each beam emitting and imaging sub-module includes a light path unit 12 corresponding to each sub aperture, a light splitting unit 13 corresponding to each light path unit 12, and a laser emitting unit 14 corresponding to each light splitting unit 13. The optical synthesis imaging unit 16 is used for coherently synthesizing the light beams transmitted by all the light splitting units 13 to form an image.
Specifically, when the array beam emission and imaging integrated apparatus 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is used for synthetic aperture imaging, the target reflected beam passes through the plurality of sub apertures, the optical path units 12 provided in one-to-one correspondence with each sub aperture, and the light splitting units 13 provided in one-to-one correspondence with each optical path unit 12, and reaches the optical synthetic imaging unit 16, and high-resolution imaging of the target is achieved based on the optical synthetic aperture imaging technology and the optical synthetic imaging unit 16.
According to the array light beam emitting and imaging integrated device in the embodiment of the invention, the light transmitted by all the light splitting units 13 is combined coherently to form an image by arranging the optical combining and imaging unit, so that effective imaging identification of long-distance weak small targets and high-speed maneuvering targets can be realized. Meanwhile, the optical synthesis imaging unit and the laser emission unit of each beam emission and imaging submodule share one sub-aperture, one light path unit and one light splitting unit, so that the integral weight and the integral volume of the array beam emission and imaging integrated device are smaller.
As an alternative embodiment, the active illumination imaging units 15 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with each light splitting unit 13. When the array beam emitting and imaging integrated device 1 of the embodiment of the invention is used for active illumination imaging, a target reflected beam passes through a plurality of sub-apertures, the light path units 12 arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the sub-apertures and the light splitting units 13 arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the light path units 12 to reach the active illumination imaging units 15 arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the light splitting units 13, active illumination imaging of a target is realized through the active illumination imaging units 15, and imaging requirements under night or low visibility conditions are met.
As an alternative embodiment, the beam splitting unit 13 includes a first beam splitter 131 and a second beam splitter 132. The first beam splitter 131 is used for reflecting the laser light emitted from the laser emitting unit 14 to the corresponding optical path unit 12, and is also used for transmitting the visible light or the infrared light from the corresponding optical path unit 12. The second beam splitter 132 is used for reflecting the visible light from the first beam splitter 131 to the active illumination imaging unit 15, and is also used for transmitting the infrared light from the first beam splitter 131 to the optical synthesis imaging unit 16.
As an alternative embodiment, each optical path unit 12 includes a fast mirror 121, a telescope 122, and a mirror 123. The fast reflector 121 is arranged corresponding to a first spectroscope 131, the telescope 122 is arranged on a corresponding sub-aperture diaphragm, and the reflector 123 is arranged between the fast reflector 121 and the telescope 122, wherein the fast reflector 121 is used for fine adjustment of beam pointing precision. Further, the fast mirror 121 is provided with a driving element 124, and the driving element 124 is used for driving the fast mirror 121 to move so as to change the inclination angle of the fast mirror 121. When the array beam emission and imaging integrated device 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is used for beam emission, one laser emission unit 14 emits a beam to irradiate on a target through a corresponding one of the light splitting units 13, one of the light path units 12, and one of the sub apertures. Wherein, the centroid algorithm of the target and the quantitative relation between the inclination control of the fast reflecting mirror 121 and the target motion vector are adopted to control the high-efficiency spatial synthesis of all the light path units 12 on the target.
As an optional implementation manner, the array beam emission and imaging integrated apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a plurality of phase detectors 17 and optical phase delay adjusters 18 provided in one-to-one correspondence with each of the phase detectors 17, each of the phase detectors 17 being provided in correspondence with one of the second beam splitters 132. The phase detector 17 may be a dispersion fringe sensor or a rectangular pyramid sensor, the phase detector 17 transmits the measured phase information to the optical phase delay adjuster 18, and the optical phase delay adjuster 18 realizes the common phase between the optical paths through fine adjustment.
As an alternative embodiment, the optical synthesis imaging unit 16 includes a beam combiner 161 and an imaging sensor 162. The beam combiner 161 is used for combining the infrared light received by all the optical phase delay adjusters 18, and the imaging sensor 162 is used for receiving the infrared light of the beam combiner 161 for imaging. Preferably, the imaging sensor 162 is a cmos image sensor.
As an alternative embodiment, the laser emitting unit 14 includes a laser and an emission focusing assembly, and the emission focusing assembly is disposed between the laser and the corresponding first spectroscope 131. Preferably, the laser employs a fiber laser.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an array beam emission and imaging integrated system, including a plurality of array beam emission and imaging integrated apparatuses 1 described above, and further including: a tracking device 2, an infrared imaging device 4 and a laser ranging device 5.
A plurality of array beam emission and formation of image integrated device 1 are located tracking means 2 on, and infrared imaging device 4 is located tracking means 2 on, and laser rangefinder 5 is located tracking means 2 on. The array light beam emission and imaging integrated system in the embodiment of the invention comprises 3 array light beam emission and imaging integrated devices.
Each array beam emission and imaging integrated device 1 is provided with 4 large apertures 11Small and same sub-aperture with an aperture entrance pupil diameter of 100mm, resulting in an outer enveloping circle with 4 sub-apertures of diameter D0300mm, each sub-aperture corresponds to an imaging limit resolution of lambda/D0The imaging resolution of 4 sub-apertures is improved by 4 times. Further, 3 array light beam emission and imaging integrated device 1 images the same scene, and the image obtained by 3 array light beam emission and imaging integrated device 1 can be registered and fused by using a pixel-level image fusion technology, so that the image resolution is further improved, and the effective action distance of the system is increased.
The embodiment of the invention provides a using method of an array light beam emitting and imaging integrated system, which comprises the following steps:
searching for a target in a visual field range by using the infrared imaging device 4, realizing imaging and rough tracking of the target through the infrared imaging device 4 and the tracking device 2 according to target distance information of the laser ranging device 5, and converting the rough tracked target into the visual field of the array light beam emission and imaging integrated device 1 from the visual field of the infrared imaging device 4.
The optical synthesis imaging unit 16 is used for realizing the optical synthesis imaging of the target, the centroid coordinate of the target is solved according to the optical synthesis imaging of the target, the optical path unit 12 is controlled according to the centroid coordinate of the target to realize the fine tracking of the target, and then the laser emission unit 14 is used for irradiating the target.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the infrared imaging device 4 is used to search for a target in a field of view, and imaging and rough tracking of the target are realized by the infrared imaging device 4 and the tracking device 2 according to target distance information of the laser ranging device 5. The roughly tracked target is converted into the field of view of the multiple array beam emission and imaging integrated device 1 from the field of view of the infrared imaging device 4.
The optical synthesis imaging unit 16 is used to realize optical synthesis imaging of the target, and high-resolution imaging of the target is realized. The coordinates of the target mass center relative to the imaging center of the imaging sensor 162 of the optical synthesis imaging unit 16 are solved through a mass center algorithm, the inclination angle of the fast reflection mirror 121 in the optical path unit 12 of each light beam emission and imaging submodule is changed according to the quantitative relation between the inclination control and the target movement vector, the target mass center is moved to the imaging center point of the imaging sensor 162, the common target aiming of all the light beam emission and imaging submodules at the target mass center is realized, the laser beam emission is carried out after the common target aiming, and the high-power laser beams emitted by all the light beam emission and imaging submodules are efficiently synthesized at the target mass center.
As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the array beam emission and imaging integrated system is further provided with an active illumination device 3, and if the target is in night or in low visibility, the optical synthesis imaging unit 16 may not be used to achieve the optical synthesis imaging of the target, and instead, the active illumination device 3 is used to emit illumination laser to the target, and the active illumination imaging unit 15 is used to achieve the active illumination imaging of the target. The coordinates of the target mass center relative to the imaging center of the visible light detector of the active illumination imaging unit 15 are solved through a mass center algorithm, the inclination angle of the fast reflection mirror 121 in the light path unit 12 of each light beam emission and imaging sub-module is changed according to the quantitative relation between the inclination control and the target movement vector, the target mass center is moved to the imaging center point of the visible light detector, the common target aiming of all the light beam emission and imaging sub-modules at the target mass center is realized, the laser beam emission is carried out after the common target aiming, and the high-power laser beams emitted by all the light beam emission and imaging sub-modules are efficiently synthesized at the target mass center.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
It is to be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. An array beam emission and imaging integrated device, characterized in that the array beam emission and imaging integrated device (1) comprises:
an aperture stop (11) provided with a plurality of sub apertures;
a plurality of beam emission and imaging sub-modules, each of said beam emission and imaging sub-modules comprising:
-an optical path element (12) arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each of said sub-apertures;
-a light splitting unit (13) arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each of said light path units (12);
-laser emitting units (14) arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each of said light splitting units (13);
-an active illumination imaging unit (15) arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each of said light splitting units (13);
an optical synthesis imaging unit (16) for coherently synthesizing the light transmitted by all the light splitting units (13) to form an image;
specifically, each of the light splitting units (13) includes:
a first beam splitter (131) for reflecting the laser light emitted from the laser light emitting unit (14) to the corresponding optical path unit (12) and for transmitting visible light or infrared light from the corresponding optical path unit (12);
a second beam splitter (132) for reflecting the visible or infrared light from the first beam splitter (131) to the active illumination imaging unit (15) and for transmitting the visible or infrared light from the first beam splitter (131) to the optical synthesis imaging unit (16);
each of the light path units (12) includes:
a fast reflection mirror (121) provided corresponding to one of the first beam splitters (131);
a telescope (122) provided on a corresponding one of the sub-aperture stops;
a mirror (123) disposed between the fast mirror (121) and the telescope (122).
2. The integrated arrayed beam emitting and imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the fast reflecting mirror (121) is provided with a driving element (124), and the driving element (124) is used for driving the mirror deflection of the fast reflecting mirror (121) so as to change the inclination angle of the mirror of the fast reflecting mirror (121).
3. The integrated arrayed beam emitting and imaging apparatus of claim 2, further comprising:
a plurality of phase detectors (17), wherein each phase detector (17) is arranged corresponding to one second spectroscope (132);
and an optical phase delay adjuster (18) provided in one-to-one correspondence with each of the phase detectors (17).
4. The arrayed beam emitting and imaging integrated apparatus of claim 3, wherein the optical synthesis imaging unit (16) comprises:
a beam combiner (161) for converging the infrared light received from all of the optical phase delay adjusters (18);
an imaging sensor (162) for receiving light of the beam combiner (161) for imaging.
5. The integrated arrayed beam emitting and imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the laser emission unit (14) comprises a laser and an emission focusing component, and the emission focusing component is arranged between the laser and the corresponding first spectroscope (131).
6. An array beam emission and imaging integrated system, comprising a plurality of array beam emission and imaging integrated devices (1) according to claim 1, further comprising:
the tracking device (2) is provided with a plurality of array beam emission and imaging integrated devices on the tracking device (2);
an infrared imaging device (4) provided on the tracking device (2);
and the laser distance measuring device (5) is arranged on the tracking device (2).
7. The use method of the array beam emission and imaging integrated system based on claim 6 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
searching a target in a visual field range by using an infrared imaging device (4), realizing imaging and rough tracking of the target through the infrared imaging device (4) and a tracking device (2) according to target distance information of a laser ranging device (5), and converting the rough tracked target into the visual fields of a plurality of array beam emission and imaging integrated devices (1) from the visual fields of the infrared imaging device (4);
the optical synthesis imaging of the target is realized by using an optical synthesis imaging unit (16), the centroid coordinate of the target is solved according to the optical synthesis imaging of the target, the optical path unit (12) is controlled according to the centroid coordinate of the target to realize the fine tracking of the target, and then the target is irradiated by using a laser emission unit (14).
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