CN112756524B - Quasi-beta forging heating method and device for variable-section-thickness titanium alloy forging - Google Patents
Quasi-beta forging heating method and device for variable-section-thickness titanium alloy forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN112756524B CN112756524B CN202011504243.0A CN202011504243A CN112756524B CN 112756524 B CN112756524 B CN 112756524B CN 202011504243 A CN202011504243 A CN 202011504243A CN 112756524 B CN112756524 B CN 112756524B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of titanium alloy hot working, and particularly relates to a quasi-beta forging heating method and a quasi-beta forging heating device for a titanium alloy forging with variable cross-section thickness. The method comprises the following steps: preheating the freely forged rough shape, and covering with heat-insulating cotton after discharging, wherein the preheated temperature can enable the heat-insulating cotton to be coated on the freely forged rough shape; wherein, the rough shape part with the maximum heating effective thickness in the free forging rough shape is not sheathed, other parts are fully sheathed or partially sheathed, and the rules of the fully sheathed and the partially sheathed are related to the heating effective thickness of the part; and (4) heating the sheathed rough shape in a segmented manner, and discharging and forging to obtain the titanium alloy forging with the variable cross-section thickness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of titanium alloy hot working, and particularly relates to a quasi-beta forging heating method and a quasi-beta forging heating device for a titanium alloy forging with variable cross-section thickness.
Background
The titanium alloy has high specific strength, good heat resistance and corrosion resistance, can be welded, has good biocompatibility and can be widely applied to the fields of aerospace, aviation, ships, weapons, biomedicine and the like. The titanium alloy basket structure has excellent damage tolerance performance and is applied to an aviation structure titanium alloy structure, the dominant process of the basket structure is a quasi-beta forging process, the hot processing window of the forging process has strict requirements on alloy phase transition temperature, and beta grains are sensitive to heating temperature before forging.
At present, a quasi-beta forging heating system is (T beta-30-50) DEG C/0.3-0.8 min/mm, heating is carried out, then, the temperature is raised to (T beta + 10-15) DEG C/0.3-0.5 min/mm, heat preservation is carried out, for a special-shaped airplane structural part, as shown in figure 1, the section thicknesses of forged pieces are different, the heat penetration time and the heat preservation time of all sections are different greatly, and the phenomena of coarse grains and uneven tissues are easy to generate in the heating and forging processes of a beta phase region. The titanium alloy forging produced by adopting the quasi-beta forging process has the advantages that the heating time and the heating mode before forging ensure the core structure transformation and the micro-area component homogenization of the blank, and avoid the coarse beta grains. Therefore, how to finely control the forging heating temperature plays an important role in ensuring the structure uniformity of the variable-section titanium alloy forging.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: a quasi-beta forging heating method for a titanium alloy forging with a variable cross-section thickness TC21 is provided, so that the structural uniformity of the forging is controlled.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a quasi-beta forging heating method for a titanium alloy forging with a variable cross-section thickness comprises the following steps:
preheating the freely forged rough shape, and covering with heat-insulating cotton after discharging, wherein the preheated temperature can enable the heat-insulating cotton to be coated on the freely forged rough shape; wherein, the rough shape part with the maximum heating effective thickness in the free forging rough shape is not sheathed, other parts are completely sheathed or partially sheathed, and the rules of the full sheath and the partial sheath are related to the heating effective thickness of the part;
and (4) heating the sheathed rough shape in a segmented manner, and discharging and forging to obtain the titanium alloy forging with the variable cross-section thickness.
Further, before the heat preservation cotton sheath is carried out after the furnace is discharged, the method further comprises the following steps:
calculating the ratio lambda of the heating effective thickness to the maximum heating effective thickness of each part i ；
Determining whether the part is sheathed and a sheathing mode according to the rules of full sheathing and partial sheathing;
the rule is as follows:
when lambda is i Not less than 0.8, and the part is not sheathed;
when lambda is more than or equal to 0.4 i Less than or equal to 0.8, partially sheathing the part, wherein the part is not sheathed according to a preset size along the streamline direction of the forge piece, and sheathing the part at other positions; the preset size is related to the effective heating thickness of the part;
when lambda is i Less than or equal to 0.4, and the part is completely sheathed.
Further, presetDimension d i ＝H i ×λ i ；H i The effective thickness of the heating at that location.
Further, each section of heating system of the sectional heating is as follows in sequence:
(Tβ-30～50)℃×0.3min/mm×H；
(Tβ-20)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ-10)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ+5)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ+10)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ+15)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
wherein T beta is the phase transition temperature, and H is the maximum heating effective thickness.
Further, the thickness of the preferred thermal insulation cotton bale case is 6 mm.
A variable cross-section thickness titanium alloy forging quasi-beta forging heating device comprises:
the sheathing module is used for preheating the freely forged rough shape, and sheathing heat-preservation cotton after discharging, wherein the preheated temperature can enable the heat-preservation cotton to be coated on the freely forged rough shape; wherein, the rough shape part with the maximum heating effective thickness in the free forging rough shape is not sheathed, other parts are completely sheathed or partially sheathed, and the rules of the full sheath and the partial sheath are related to the heating effective thickness of the part;
and the segmented heating module is used for carrying out segmented heating on the sheathed rough shape, and discharging and forging the rough shape to obtain the titanium alloy forging with the variable cross-section thickness.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
a calculation module for calculating the ratio lambda of the effective heating thickness to the maximum effective heating thickness of each part i ；
The determining module is used for determining whether the part is sheathed and the sheathing mode according to the rules of full sheathing and partial sheathing;
the rule is as follows:
when lambda is i Not less than 0.8, and the part is not sheathed;
when lambda is more than or equal to 0.4 i Less than or equal to 0.8, and partially wrapping the part, whereinThe forging is not sheathed according to a preset size along the streamline direction of the forging, and other positions are sheathed; the preset size is related to the effective heating thickness of the part;
when lambda is i Less than or equal to 0.4, and the part is completely sheathed.
Further, each section of heating system of the sectional heating is as follows in sequence:
(Tβ-30～50)℃×0.3min/mm×H；
(Tβ-20)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ-10)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ+5)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ+10)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ+15)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
wherein T beta is the phase transition temperature, and H is the maximum heating effective thickness.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: the heating preparation before quasi-beta forging is carried out by adopting a sheath and a sectional gradual heating mode, so that the uniform macrostructure of the variable-section titanium alloy forging can be obtained, and the method is simple, feasible and easy to operate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a profiled aircraft structural member.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a jacket of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the heating regime of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
A quasi-beta forging heating method for titanium alloy forgings with variable cross-section thicknesses is characterized in that different heat-preservation cotton covering modes are adopted for different cross-section sizes and shapes, and the heating and heat-preservation time is controlled in a segmented mode, wherein the cross-section shapes can be circular, rectangular, quadrilateral, octagonal and the like. The sheathing pattern is related to the cross-sectional thickness of the blank. The specific sheathing mode is shown in figure 2.
Assuming that the maximum heating effective thickness of the blank is H, the heating effective thickness of each part is H i Each section is not completely wrapped, and the central reserved unwrapped layer has the size d i ，λ i Is the ratio of each cross-sectional thickness to the maximum cross-sectional thickness, λ i ＝H i /H。
When lambda is i Not less than 0.8, and no sheath;
when lambda is more than or equal to 0.4 i Less than or equal to 0.8, performing sheath covering, wherein the reserved size at the center of the sheath is d i ＝H i ×λ i ；
When lambda is i Less than or equal to 0.4, and completely wrapping.
The forging process of forging heating system adopting sectional heating in quasi-beta forging is shown in figure 3:
example 1:
the embodiment of the invention discloses a quasi-beta forging heating method for a variable cross-section TC21 titanium alloy forging, which is further explained in detail by combining the embodiment below, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the method, and mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the phase transition temperature of the TC21 titanium alloy of the furnace batch is 960 ℃ measured by adopting a quenching metallographic method.
Step two: heating the freely forged blank at 800 deg.C for 2H, taking out of the furnace, and sheathing with heat-insulating cotton according to the attached figure 1, wherein H is 300mm, H 1 ＝210mm，H 2 120mm, hence λ 2 ＝0.7，d 2 ＝210×0.7＝147mm。H 1 The cross section is not sheathed by heat-insulating cotton, and the thickness of the heat-insulating cotton is 6 mm.
Step three: heating the sheathed rough shape by the following heating system:
step four: discharging from the furnace and forging.
Example 2:
the embodiment of the invention discloses a quasi-beta forging heating method for a variable cross-section TC18 titanium alloy forging, which is further explained in detail with reference to the embodiment below, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the method, and mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the phase transition temperature of the TC18 titanium alloy of the furnace batch is 875 ℃ by adopting a quenching metallographic method.
Step two: heating the free forged blank at 700 deg.C for 2H, taking out of the furnace, and sheathing with heat-insulating cotton according to the method shown in figure 1, wherein H is 350mm, H 1 ＝250mm，
Thus λ 1 ＝0.71，λ 2 ＝0.51，d 1 ＝250×0.71＝178mm，d 2 180 multiplied by 0.51 multiplied by 92mm, the thickness of the heat preservation cotton is 6 mm.
Step three: heating the sheathed rough shape by the following heating system:
step four: discharging from the furnace and forging.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A quasi-beta forging heating method for a titanium alloy forging with variable cross-section thickness is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preheating the freely forged rough shape, and covering with heat-insulating cotton after discharging, wherein the preheated temperature can enable the heat-insulating cotton to be coated on the freely forged rough shape;
wherein, the rough shape part with the maximum heating effective thickness in the free forging rough shape is not sheathed, other parts are fully sheathed or partially sheathed, and the rules of the fully sheathed and the partially sheathed are related to the heating effective thickness of the part;
heating the sheathed rough shape in a segmented manner, and discharging and forging to obtain a titanium alloy forging with variable cross-section thickness;
before the heat preservation cotton sheath is carried out after the furnace is taken out, the method also comprises the following steps:
calculating the ratio lambada i of the heating effective thickness to the maximum heating effective thickness of each part;
determining whether the part is sheathed or not and a sheathing mode according to the rules of a full sheath and a partial sheath; the rule is as follows: when lambada i is more than or equal to 0.8, the part is not sheathed;
when lambada i is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.8, partially sheathing the part, wherein the part is not sheathed according to a preset size along the streamline direction of the forge piece, and sheathing the other parts; the preset size di is Hi multiplied by lambda i; hi is the effective heating thickness of the part;
when lambada i is less than or equal to 0.4, the part is completely sheathed;
the heating system of each section of the sectional heating is as follows in sequence:
(Tβ-30～50)℃×0.3min/mm×H；
(Tβ-20)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ-10)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ+5)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ+10)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ+15)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
wherein T beta is the phase transition temperature, and H is the maximum heating effective thickness.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the jacket thickness is 6 mm.
3. The utility model provides a variable cross section thickness titanium alloy forging accurate beta forges heating device which characterized in that includes:
the sheathing module is used for preheating the freely forged rough shape, and sheathing heat-preservation cotton after discharging, wherein the preheated temperature can enable the heat-preservation cotton to be coated on the freely forged rough shape; wherein, the rough shape part with the maximum heating effective thickness in the free forging rough shape is not sheathed, other parts are fully sheathed or partially sheathed, and the rules of the fully sheathed and the partially sheathed are related to the heating effective thickness of the part;
the segmented heating module is used for carrying out segmented heating on the sheathed rough shape, and discharging and forging the rough shape to obtain a titanium alloy forging with variable cross-section thickness;
the calculation module is used for calculating the ratio lambada i of the heating effective thickness and the maximum heating effective thickness of each part;
the determining module is used for determining whether the part is sheathed and the sheathing mode according to the rules of full sheathing and partial sheathing; the rule is as follows:
when lambada i is more than or equal to 0.8, the part is not sheathed;
when lambada i is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.8, partially sheathing the part, wherein the part is not sheathed according to a preset size along the streamline direction of the forge piece, and sheathing the other parts; the preset size di is Hi multiplied by lambda i; hi is the effective heating thickness of the part;
when lambada i is less than or equal to 0.4, the part is completely sheathed;
the heating system of each section of the sectional heating is as follows in sequence:
(Tβ-30～50)℃×0.3min/mm×H；
(Tβ-20)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ-10)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ+5)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ+10)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
(Tβ+15)℃×0.1min/mm×H；
wherein, T beta is the phase transition temperature, and H is the maximum heating effective thickness.
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| CN1159472C (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2004-07-28 | 北京航空材料研究院 | Titanium alloy quasi-beta forging process |
| JP6088280B2 (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2017-03-01 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Titanium alloy forged material, manufacturing method thereof, and ultrasonic flaw detection inspection method |
| CN102851627B (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-02-26 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Novel titanium alloy partitioned beta heat treatment process |
| CN105543749B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-10-17 | 北京理工大学 | High-entropy alloy gradient stress modification technology |
| CN106040928B (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-10-31 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | The especially big whole frame forging part hot forming thermal sheathing process of Type Titanium Alloy |
| CN108220690A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-29 | 沪东重机有限公司 | The forging material and forging method of a kind of exhasut valve stem peculiar to vessel |
| CN110976727B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2022-03-15 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Forging method for improving structure uniformity of titanium alloy forging |
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