CN112755818B - Graphene oxide film and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Graphene oxide film and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112755818B CN112755818B CN202011489640.5A CN202011489640A CN112755818B CN 112755818 B CN112755818 B CN 112755818B CN 202011489640 A CN202011489640 A CN 202011489640A CN 112755818 B CN112755818 B CN 112755818B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/021—Carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of water purification, and particularly relates to a graphene oxide membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The thickness of the graphene oxide film is t, the sheet diameter of the graphene oxide for preparing the graphene oxide film is d, and t x (d +2) < 2000; and d and t are independently nano-scale. According to the invention, the relation between the thickness of the graphene oxide membrane and the sheet diameter of the graphene oxide is limited, so that the path of the liquid to be filtered in the graphene oxide membrane is reduced, the filtering resistance is reduced, and the energy consumption is further reduced. The results of the examples show that the filtration pressure of the graphene oxide membrane provided by the invention is 0.1-0.8 MPa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water purification, and particularly relates to a graphene oxide membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Graphene has excellent electrical properties, thermal properties, mechanical properties, and the like, and thus is receiving increasing attention from the scientific and industrial fields. And the derivative graphene oxide is very convenient for film formation due to rich functional groups and good dispersibility. In addition, the graphene oxide membrane has a proper interlayer distance and can serve as a filter membrane hole, so that the graphene oxide membrane has a huge application potential in the fields of purifying small molecular organic matters in water and desalting seawater. There are several groups in the world that have conducted detailed studies on graphene oxide membranes in the desalination of sea water. However, in the prior art, the filtration performance of the graphene oxide membrane is improved mostly by regulating the interlayer spacing of the graphene oxide membrane. However, the filtration resistance of the graphene oxide membrane cannot be well reduced by adjusting the interlayer spacing of the graphene oxide membrane, and high energy consumption is required when the graphene oxide membrane is used for filtration. And the filtration pressure of the existing graphene oxide membrane is generally more than 1 MPa.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a graphene oxide membrane having a low filtration resistance.
The invention provides a graphene oxide film, wherein the thickness of the graphene oxide film is t, the sheet diameter of graphene oxide for preparing the graphene oxide film is d, and t x (d +2) < 2000; and d and t are independently nano-scale.
Preferably, d is less than or equal to 15nm and less than or equal to 1000 nm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the graphene oxide film in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the nano-scale graphene oxide with the sheet diameter d with water to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion liquid;
forming a film from the graphene oxide dispersion liquid to obtain a graphene oxide film with the thickness of t;
wherein t × (d +2) <2000, said t being in the nanometer range.
Preferably, the film forming mode is suction filtration or spin coating.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the spin coating is 1000-2000 r/min.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the nanoscale graphene oxide to the water is 0.01-10: 1000.
Preferably, the mixing is performed under ultrasonic conditions; the power of the ultrasonic is 40-100W, and the time is 10-120 min.
The invention also provides the application of the graphene oxide membrane prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme or the application of the graphene oxide membrane prepared by the preparation method in seawater desalination or sewage filtration.
The invention provides a graphene oxide film, wherein the thickness of the graphene oxide film is t, the sheet diameter of graphene oxide for preparing the graphene oxide film is d, and t x (d +2) < 2000; and d and t are independently nano-scale. In the invention, the thickness of the graphene oxide membrane and the sheet diameter of the graphene oxide meet the relation of t x (d +2) <2000, and the path of the liquid to be filtered in the graphene oxide membrane is reduced, so that the filtering resistance is reduced, and the energy consumption is further reduced. The results of the examples show that the filtration pressure of the graphene oxide membrane provided by the invention is 0.1-0.8 MPa.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the graphene oxide film in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps: mixing the nano-scale graphene oxide with the sheet diameter d with water to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion liquid; forming a film from the graphene oxide dispersion liquid to obtain a graphene oxide film with the thickness of t; wherein t × (d +2) <2000, said t being in the nanometer range. The invention uses hydrosolvent, has high environmental protection without waste generation in the preparation process, and the preparation method provided by the invention is simple and feasible and can be used for industrial production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simulated structure of a graphene oxide film, in which a horizontal line represents graphene oxide, d represents a sheet diameter of graphene oxide, t represents a thickness of the graphene oxide film, and a dotted line with an arrow represents a path of a liquid to be filtered in the graphene oxide film;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of detection of the filtration pressure of a graphene oxide membrane, in which 1 is the graphene oxide membrane and 2 is a pressurizing valve.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a graphene oxide film, wherein the thickness of the graphene oxide film is t, the sheet diameter of graphene oxide for preparing the graphene oxide film is d, and t x (d +2) < 2000; and d and t are independently nano-scale.
In the present invention, d is preferably 15nm or more and 1000nm or less, more preferably 50nm or more and 500nm or less, and still more preferably 200nm or more and 300nm or less. In the present invention, t is preferably 1nm or more and 100nm or less, more preferably 2nm or more and 50nm or less, and still more preferably 5nm or more and 20nm or less. In embodiments of the invention, the graphene oxide film has a thickness of 1nm, 2nm, 5nm, 50nm, or 100 nm.
In the invention, the graphene oxide is of a two-dimensional structure, and the staggered stacking of graphene oxide layers in the graphene oxide film can prevent pollutants from entering the graphene oxide film, so that the graphene oxide film is not easy to be polluted; the graphene oxide film is very smooth and is not easy to adhere pollutants; the graphene oxide has strong hydrophilicity, and the graphene oxide film is easy to soak in water to remove pollutants in the graphene oxide film. The graphene oxide film provided by the invention is convenient to regenerate and utilize. In the present invention, the regeneration is preferably performed by backwashing the graphene oxide membrane. The invention also provides a preparation method of the graphene oxide in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the nano-scale graphene oxide with the sheet diameter d with water to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion liquid;
forming a film from the graphene oxide dispersion liquid to obtain a graphene oxide film with the thickness of t;
wherein t × (d +2) < 2000.
In the present invention, the raw materials are all conventional commercially available products unless otherwise specified.
According to the invention, the nano-scale graphene oxide with the sheet diameter d is mixed with water to obtain the graphene oxide dispersion liquid. In the invention, the mass ratio of the nanoscale graphene oxide to water is preferably 0.01-10: 1000, and more preferably 2-8: 1000. In the invention, the mixing is preferably carried out under the condition of ultrasound, and the power of the ultrasound is preferably 40-100W, more preferably 50-80W, and even more preferably 60W; the time is preferably 10 to 120min, and more preferably 30 to 60 min.
After the graphene oxide dispersion liquid is obtained, the graphene oxide dispersion liquid is subjected to film forming to obtain a graphene oxide film with the thickness of t. In the present invention, the film formation is preferably performed by suction filtration or spin coating. In the present invention, when the film forming manner is suction filtration, the thickness of the graphene oxide film is preferably adjusted by controlling the solid content of the graphene oxide dispersion liquid and the volume of the graphene oxide dispersion liquid. The invention has no special requirements on suction filtration, and only needs to be capable of forming a film. In the present invention, when the film formation method is spin coating, the spin coating includes the steps of: and placing the graphene oxide dispersion liquid on a substrate, and performing spin coating. In the present invention, the substrate is preferably glass or a silicon wafer, more preferably glass. In the invention, the rotation speed of the spin coating is preferably 1000-2000 r/min, and more preferably 1300-1500 r/min; the time is preferably 20 to 120s, and more preferably 30 to 60 s. In the present invention, the spin coating is preferably performed in a spin coater.
In the invention, after the film formation, the wet film obtained by the film formation is preferably dried, and the drying temperature is preferably 15-80 ℃, and more preferably 30-50 ℃; the time is preferably 10min to 8 hours, and more preferably 2 to 3 hours. In the present invention, the t is preferably the thickness of the film after drying.
The thickness of the graphene oxide film is preferably adjusted by controlling the solid content of the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, the volume of the graphene oxide dispersion liquid and the spin-coating rotating speed.
The invention also provides the application of the graphene oxide membrane prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme or the application of the graphene oxide membrane prepared by the preparation method in seawater desalination or sewage filtration. In the invention, the graphene oxide membrane is preferably used as a filtering membrane in a filter element in desalination equipment or filtering equipment. In the present invention, when the graphene oxide membrane is used as a filtration membrane, a substrate membrane is preferably provided. The substrate film is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a substrate film which is conventional in the art may be used.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a graphene oxide film provided by the present invention, in which a horizontal line represents graphene oxide, d represents a sheet diameter of graphene oxide, t represents a thickness of the graphene oxide film, and a dotted arrow line represents a path of a liquid to be filtered in the graphene oxide film.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Carrying out ultrasonic treatment on 10mg of graphene oxide with the sheet diameter of 300nm and 1000g of water for 2 hours under the power of 40W to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion liquid with the solid content of 0.001%;
filtering 50mL of graphene oxide dispersion liquid to form a film, and drying the film at 30 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the graphene oxide dispersion liquid with the area of 12cm2A graphene oxide film having a thickness of 5 nm.
Example 2
Carrying out ultrasonic treatment on 10mg of graphene oxide with the sheet diameter of 15nm and 1000g of water for 10min under the power of 80W to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion liquid with the solid content of 0.001%;
filtering 500mL of graphene oxide dispersion liquid to form a film, and drying the film at 50 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the graphene oxide dispersion liquid with the area of 12cm2A graphene oxide film having a thickness of 50 nm.
Example 3
A graphene oxide film was prepared as in example 2, except thatAnd carrying out suction filtration on 1000mL of graphene oxide dispersion liquid to obtain a solution with an area of 12cm2Graphene oxide film with a thickness of 100 nm.
Example 4
Carrying out ultrasonic treatment on 100mg of graphene oxide with the sheet diameter of 1000nm and 10g of water for 1h under the power of 100W to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion liquid with the solid content of 1%;
and (3) spin-coating 1mL of graphene oxide dispersion liquid on a glass substrate for 2min at the rotating speed of 2000r/min to obtain a graphene oxide film with the thickness of 1 nm.
Example 5
A graphene oxide film was prepared according to the method of example 4, except that 1mL of the graphene oxide dispersion was spin-coated for 20 seconds at a rotation speed of 1000r/min to obtain a graphene oxide film having a thickness of 1.9 nm.
Comparative example 1
A graphene oxide film was prepared according to the method of example 1, except that 80mL of the graphene oxide dispersion was suction-filtered to an area of 12cm2Graphene oxide film with a thickness of 8 nm.
Comparative example 2
A graphene oxide film was prepared according to the method of example 2, except that 1200mL of the graphene oxide dispersion was suction filtered to an area of 12cm2A graphene oxide film having a thickness of 120 nm.
Comparative example 3
The graphene oxide film was prepared according to the method of example 4, except that 1mL of the graphene oxide dispersion was spin-coated at a rotation speed of 500r/min for 1min to obtain a graphene oxide film having a thickness of 5 nm.
Test example
The graphene oxide films prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to filtration pressure measurement using the following method, and the results are shown in table 1.
The detection method comprises the following steps:
according to the figure 2, the graphene oxide membrane is arranged between two glass tubes, the glass tubes are horizontally arranged, 500ml of water is poured from a water inlet, the pressure is set through a pressure valve after the water inlet is sealed, all water passes through the graphene oxide membrane within 1min and flows out from a water outlet, and the set pressure is the filtering pressure.
TABLE 1 filtration pressure of graphene oxide membranes prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3
The results in table 1 show that the graphene oxide provided by the invention has a filtration pressure of 0.1-0.8 MPa and a relatively low filtration resistance.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A graphene oxide film having a thickness of t, a sheet diameter of graphene oxide for preparing the graphene oxide film being d, t × (d +2) < 2000; d and t are independently nanoscale; t is more than or equal to 2nm and less than or equal to 50 nm.
2. A method for producing the graphene oxide film according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
mixing the nano-scale graphene oxide with the sheet diameter d with water to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion liquid;
and forming a film by using the graphene oxide dispersion liquid to obtain a graphene oxide film with the thickness of t.
3. The method for preparing the graphene oxide film according to claim 2, wherein the film is formed by suction filtration or spin coating.
4. The method for preparing the graphene oxide film according to claim 3, wherein the spin coating is performed at a rotation speed of 1000 to 2000 r/min.
5. The method for preparing a graphene oxide film according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the nano-scale graphene oxide to water is 0.01-10: 1000.
6. The method for producing a graphene oxide film according to claim 2 or 5, wherein the mixing is performed under ultrasonic conditions; the power of the ultrasonic wave is 40-100W, and the time is 10-120 min.
7. Use of the graphene oxide membrane according to claim 1 or the graphene oxide membrane prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 2 to 6 in sea water desalination or sewage filtration.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3457171A (en) * | 1967-02-13 | 1969-07-22 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Graphitic oxide memberane for desalinating water |
| CN104606802B (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2017-11-03 | 东南大学 | Filter core and its preparation method and application |
| WO2016171622A1 (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2016-10-27 | Ngee Ann Polytechnic | Functionalized single-layer graphene-based thin film composite and method of producing the same |
| KR102409225B1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2022-06-15 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Flexible membrane and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108404682A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-08-17 | 黄启洋 | A kind of graphene oxide film and preparation method thereof, preparation facilities and application |
| CN110508157A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-11-29 | 宁波石墨烯创新中心有限公司 | A kind of carbon-based laminated film and preparation method thereof |
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