CN112753507A - Transplanting and cultivating method of wild codonopsis pilosula - Google Patents
Transplanting and cultivating method of wild codonopsis pilosula Download PDFInfo
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- CN112753507A CN112753507A CN201911000632.7A CN201911000632A CN112753507A CN 112753507 A CN112753507 A CN 112753507A CN 201911000632 A CN201911000632 A CN 201911000632A CN 112753507 A CN112753507 A CN 112753507A
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- 241000007126 Codonopsis pilosula Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000756943 Codonopsis Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000213006 Angelica dahurica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000205585 Aquilegia canadensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000037740 Coptis chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000605372 Fritillaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000305491 Gastrodia elata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017784 Mespilus germanica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000182216 Mimusops elengi Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000560 Mimusops elengi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000274050 Platycodon grandiflorum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006753 Platycodon grandiflorum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007837 Vangueria infausta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000916 dilatatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000857 drug effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011132 hemopoiesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000002364 leukopenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004089 microcirculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001959 radiotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940126673 western medicines Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material planting, and particularly relates to a transplanting and cultivating method of wild codonopsis pilosula; the method comprises the following specific steps: selecting land, irrigating, fertilizing, making bed, opening holes, dibbling, sun-shading, seedling raising, transplanting and field management; the planting method provided by the invention has the advantages of high germination rate, high yield, short growth period and the like of the codonopsis pilosula, the germination rate is high by adopting wild codonopsis pilosula fruits for planting, the disease and insect damage resistance is stronger in the growth process of the seedling stage than that of the codonopsis pilosula of family species, the pesticide spraying and the measure for preventing and treating the disease and insect damage are not needed, and the codonopsis pilosula grows fast. The growth process after transplanting is slightly different from that of the domestic codonopsis pilosula, and the wild codonopsis pilosula distributes more substances to leaves and stems, so that more substances can be better absorbed and produced by photosynthesis.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting, and particularly relates to a transplanting and cultivating method of wild codonopsis pilosula.
Background art:
the traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages that the capability of resisting diseases of a human body is improved by improving the internal environment of the human body, and compared with western medicines, the traditional Chinese medicine has smaller side effect, low price and the like. The traditional Chinese medicinal materials are various in types, and usually comprise coptis chinensis, Chinese angelica, fritillaria, gastrodia elata, honeysuckle, codonopsis pilosula, medlar, platycodon grandiflorum and the like. The codonopsis pilosula is one of the commonly used traditional Chinese medicinal materials, is a perennial herb and has milk, stem base has a plurality of nodular stem marks, the root is usually enlarged and is spindle-shaped or spindle-shaped cylindrical, the stem is wound, sterile or tip-end flower-bearing, yellow green or yellow white, leaves are intergrowth on main stems and lateral branches, leaf stems have short and loose bristles, leaves are oval or narrow, the edges of the leaves have wavy blunt saw teeth, upper green and lower gray green, flowers are singly born at the branch ends and are intergrowth or opposite to the leaf stems, flower crowns are superior and nearly bell-shaped, splinters are regular triangular, anthers are long, seeds are mostly oval, and flowers and fruits are yielded in 7-10 months. Radix Codonopsis has effects of enhancing immunity, dilating blood vessel, lowering blood pressure, improving microcirculation, and improving hematopoiesis, and can also be used for improving leucopenia caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The codonopsis pilosula has a great number of benefits and the demand of the codonopsis pilosula is also great. In recent years, the codonopsis pilosula planting technology in China is rapidly developed, and the yield of the planted codonopsis pilosula is continuously improved. However, the effect of the artificially planted codonopsis pilosula is different from that of the wild codonopsis pilosula, the wild codonopsis pilosula is high in medicinal value and rich in nutrition, and the wild codonopsis pilosula is damaged due to the ecological environment and is dug by human beings in a transitional mode, so that the wild resources are less and less. In order to ensure that the wild codonopsis pilosula can grow quickly and protect resources through artificial domestication and cultivation, the distribution area of the wild codonopsis pilosula is investigated, the ecological habit of the wild codonopsis pilosula is mastered, and how to artificially plant the wild codonopsis pilosula and the nutrition and the efficacy of the wild codonopsis pilosula can be reserved is researched.
The invention content is as follows:
based on the defects, the invention provides the transplanting and cultivating method of the wild codonopsis pilosula, the planting method is simple, the nutrient elements required by the growth stage of the codonopsis pilosula are reasonably provided according to the growth habit of the codonopsis pilosula, the healthy and strong growth of the codonopsis pilosula is well guaranteed, and the drug effect of the codonopsis pilosula is ensured.
A transplanting and cultivating method of wild codonopsis pilosula comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: selecting and irrigating, selecting sandy soil or calcareous soil, turning over the land, removing stones, stubbles and impurities, wherein the depth of the turned land is 20-30cm, irrigating the planting land, and irrigating 600 + 825m soil sand and 825m soil per mu of land3/hm2Airing for 5-6 hours;
the second step is that: fertilizing and bedding, fertilizing to the soil after watering and airing, applying 3000 kilograms of manure 2000 and 3000 kilograms per mu, turning the land after applying the manure, wherein the turning depth is 2-5cm, and leveling after turning the land; making a bed, and covering a film on the bed;
the third step: opening a hole on the film for dibbling, wherein the hole diameter is 4-6cm, the hole distance is 15-20cm, each hole dibbles 6-12 seeds in the first step, the planting depth is 3-5cm, fine sand is covered on the seeds after planting, and the thickness of the covered fine sand is 2-3 cm;
the fourth step: shading and seedling, namely building a black shading net on a planting film to shade, and ensuring that the humidity of seedling soil reaches 60-80%, the temperature is 20-25 ℃ and the illumination time is 6-8 hours every day in the seedling period;
the fifth step: transplanting, namely transplanting the fourth-step seedling on a prepared furrow after the seedling grows for 1 year, before the seedling is frozen in autumn or is transplanted in early spring from 3 months to 4 months, obliquely arranging the seedling in the furrow with upward bud heads and 5-10 cm of row spacing according to the row spacing of 25-35 cm and the depth of 15-20cm in the furrow, covering soil, and watering after transplanting to enable the water content of the soil to reach 60-70%;
and a sixth step: and (3) field management, loosening the soil and weeding after seedling emergence, thinning the seedlings according to the plant spacing of 4-5 cm when the seedlings grow to 8-10 cm, supplementing the seedlings to the places with serious seedling shortage by combining thinning, and harvesting after 3-5 years of growth.
Preferably, the water content of the land is 60-80% by watering in the land selecting and watering process.
Preferably, the manure applied in the fertilizing and bedding process contains 25 to 30 percent of organic matter, 0.5 to 1 percent of nitrogen, 0.25 to 1 percent of phosphorus pentoxide and 0.6 to 1 percent of potassium oxide.
Preferably, fine sand of 3-5cm is covered above the seedlings after the seedlings are planted and covered with soil in the transplanting process.
The planting method provided by the invention has the advantages of high germination rate, high yield, short growth period and the like of the codonopsis pilosula, the germination rate is high by adopting wild codonopsis pilosula fruits for planting, the disease and insect damage resistance is stronger in the growth process of the seedling stage than that of the codonopsis pilosula of family species, the pesticide spraying and the measure for preventing and treating the disease and insect damage are not needed, and the codonopsis pilosula grows fast. The growth process after transplanting is slightly different from that of the domestic codonopsis pilosula, and the wild codonopsis pilosula distributes more substances to leaves and stems, so that more substances can be better absorbed and produced by photosynthesis.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
a transplanting cultivation method of wild radix Codonopsis comprises the following steps;
the first step is as follows: selecting and irrigating sandy soil or calcareous soil, turning over the land, removing stones, stubbles and impurities, wherein the depth of the turned land is 20cm, irrigating the planting land and irrigating 600m per mu of land3/hm2Airing for 5 hours, and irrigating to ensure that the water content of the land reaches 60 percent;
the second step is that: fertilizing and bedding, fertilizing to the soil after watering and airing, applying 2000 kilograms of stable manure per mu, turning the land after applying the stable manure, wherein the turning depth is 2cm, and leveling after turning the land; making a bed, and covering a film on the bed;
the third step: opening holes on the film for dibbling, wherein the hole opening diameter is 4cm, the hole distance is 15cm, 6 seeds in the first step are dibbled in each hole, the planting depth is 3cm, fine sand is covered on the seeds after planting, and the thickness of the covered fine sand is 2 cm;
the fourth step: shading and seedling, namely building a black shading net on a planting film to shade, and ensuring that the humidity of seedling soil reaches 60%, the temperature is 20 ℃ and the illumination time is 6 hours every day in the seedling period;
the fifth step: transplanting, namely transplanting the fourth seedling after growing for 1 year, before sealing and freezing in autumn or early transplanting on the arranged furrows in 3-4 months in early spring, forming a 15cm deep ditch according to the line spacing of 25cm, placing the seedling with upward bud heads in the ditch obliquely according to the plant spacing of 5cm, covering soil, and covering fine sand of 3cm above the soil.
Watering after transplanting to enable the water content of the soil to reach 60%;
and a sixth step: and (3) field management, loosening the soil and weeding after seedling emergence, thinning the seedlings according to the plant spacing of 4cm when the seedlings grow to 8cm, replanting the seriously seedling-lacking places in combination with thinning, and harvesting after 3 years of growth.
Wherein, the manure applied in the fertilizing and bedding process contains 25 percent of organic matter, 0.5 percent of nitrogen, 0.25 percent of phosphorus pentoxide and 0.6 percent of potassium oxide.
Example two:
a transplanting cultivation method of wild radix Codonopsis comprises the following steps;
the first step is as follows: selecting and irrigating sandy soil or calcareous soil, turning over the land, removing stones, stubbles and impurities, wherein the depth of the turned land is 25cm, irrigating the planting land and irrigating 700m per mu of land3/hm2The water content of the land reaches 60 to 80 percent, and the land is aired for 5.5 hours;
the second step is that: fertilizing and bedding, fertilizing the soil after being irrigated and aired, applying 2500 kilograms of stable manure per mu, turning the land after applying the stable manure, wherein the turning depth is 3cm, and leveling the land after turning; making a bed, and covering a film on the bed;
the third step: opening holes on the film for dibbling, wherein the hole opening diameter is 5cm, the hole distance is 18cm, each hole dibbles 8 seeds in the first step, the planting depth is 4cm, fine sand covers the seeds after planting, and the thickness of the covered fine sand is 2.5 cm;
the fourth step: shading and seedling, namely building a black shading net on a planting film to shade, and ensuring that the humidity of seedling soil reaches 75%, the temperature is 23 ℃ and the illumination time is 7 hours every day in the seedling period;
the fifth step: transplanting, namely transplanting the fourth-step seedling on a prepared furrow after the seedling grows for 1 year, before the seedling is frozen in autumn or is transplanted in early spring from 3 months to 4 months, arranging a 18cm deep ditch according to the line spacing of 30cm, placing the seedling with upward bud heads in the ditch in an inclined manner according to the plant spacing of 8cm, covering soil, covering fine sand of 4cm above the soil, and watering after the fine sand is covered to enable the water content of the soil to reach 65%;
and a sixth step: and (3) field management, loosening the soil and weeding after seedling emergence, thinning the seedlings according to the plant spacing of 4-5 cm when the seedlings grow to 8-10 cm, supplementing the seedlings to the places with serious seedling shortage by combining thinning, and harvesting after 3-5 years of growth.
Wherein, the manure applied in the fertilizing and bedding process contains 25 to 30 percent of organic matter, 0.5 to 1 percent of nitrogen, 0.25 to 1 percent of phosphorus pentoxide and 0.6 to 1 percent of potassium oxide.
Example three:
a transplanting and cultivating method of wild codonopsis pilosula comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: selecting and irrigating sandy soil or calcareous soil, turning over the land, removing stones, stubbles and impurities, wherein the depth of the turned land is 30cm, irrigating the planting land, and irrigating 825m per mu of land3/hm2Airing for 6 hours, and irrigating to ensure that the water content of the land reaches 80 percent;
the second step is that: fertilizing and bedding, fertilizing to the soil after watering and airing, applying 3000 kilograms of stable manure per mu, turning the land after applying the stable manure, wherein the turning depth is 5cm, and leveling after turning the land; making a bed, and covering a film on the bed;
the third step: opening holes on the film for dibbling, wherein the hole opening diameter is 6cm, the hole distance is 20cm, 12 seeds in the first step are dibbled in each hole, the planting depth is 5cm, fine sand is covered on the seeds after planting, and the thickness of the covered fine sand is 3 cm;
the fourth step: shading and seedling, namely building a black shading net on a planting film to shade, and ensuring that the humidity of seedling soil reaches 80%, the temperature is 25 ℃ and the illumination time is 8 hours every day in the seedling period;
the fifth step: transplanting, namely transplanting the fourth-step seedling on a prepared furrow after the seedling grows for 1 year, before the seedling is frozen in autumn or is transplanted in early spring from 3 months to 4 months, forming a ditch with the depth of 20cm according to the line spacing of 35cm, placing the seedling with the bud upwards in the ditch in an inclined manner according to the plant spacing of 10cm, covering soil with fine sand of 5cm above the soil after covering the soil, and watering after transplanting to enable the water content of the soil to reach 70%;
and a sixth step: and (3) field management, loosening the soil and weeding after seedling emergence, thinning the seedlings according to the plant spacing of 5cm when the seedlings grow to 10cm, replanting the seriously seedling-lacking places in combination with thinning, and harvesting after 5 years of growth.
Wherein, the manure applied in the fertilizing and bedding process contains 30 percent of organic matter, 1 percent of nitrogen, 1 percent of phosphorus pentoxide and 1 percent of potassium oxide.
Claims (4)
1. A transplanting and cultivating method of wild codonopsis pilosula comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: selecting and irrigating, selecting sandy soil or calcareous soil, turning over the land, removing stones, stubbles and impurities, wherein the depth of the turned land is 20-30cm, irrigating the planting land, and irrigating 600 + 825m soil sand and 825m soil per mu of land3/hm2Airing for 5-6 hours;
the second step is that: fertilizing and bedding, fertilizing to the soil after watering and airing, applying 3000 kilograms of manure 2000 and 3000 kilograms per mu, turning the land after applying the manure, wherein the turning depth is 2-5cm, and leveling after turning the land; making a bed, and covering a film on the bed;
the third step: opening a hole on the film for dibbling, wherein the hole diameter is 4-6cm, the hole distance is 15-20cm, each hole dibbles 6-12 seeds in the first step, the planting depth is 3-5cm, fine sand is covered on the seeds after planting, and the thickness of the covered fine sand is 2-3 cm;
the fourth step: shading and seedling, namely building a black shading net on a planting film to shade, and ensuring that the humidity of seedling soil reaches 60-80%, the temperature is 20-25 ℃ and the illumination time is 6-8 hours every day in the seedling period;
the fifth step: transplanting, namely transplanting the fourth-step seedling on a prepared furrow after the seedling grows for 1 year, before the seedling is frozen in autumn or is transplanted in early spring from 3 months to 4 months, obliquely arranging the seedling in the furrow with upward bud heads and 5-10 cm of row spacing according to the row spacing of 25-35 cm and the depth of 15-20cm in the furrow, covering soil, and watering after transplanting to enable the water content of the soil to reach 60-70%;
and a sixth step: and (3) field management, loosening the soil and weeding after seedling emergence, thinning the seedlings according to the plant spacing of 4-5 cm when the seedlings grow to 8-10 cm, supplementing the seedlings to the places with serious seedling shortage by combining thinning, and harvesting after 3-5 years of growth.
2. The transplanting cultivation method of wild codonopsis pilosula according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and irrigating in the land selecting and irrigating process to ensure that the water content of the land reaches 60-80 percent.
3. The transplanting cultivation method of wild codonopsis pilosula according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the manure applied in the fertilizing and bedding process contains 25 to 30 percent of organic matter, 0.5 to 1 percent of nitrogen, 0.25 to 1 percent of phosphorus pentoxide and 0.6 to 1 percent of potassium oxide.
4. The transplanting cultivation method of wild codonopsis pilosula according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and covering fine sand of 3-5cm above the seedlings after seedling cultivation and soil covering in the transplanting process.
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103385099A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2013-11-13 | 渭源县康荣中药材科技有限公司 | Efficient seedling method of covering pilosulae laminated hole |
CN104885720A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-09 | 支秀芳 | Codonopsis pilosula planting method |
CN106550730A (en) * | 2015-09-26 | 2017-04-05 | 马国坚 | Radix Codonopsis technology is planted leanly in south |
CN107396744A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-11-28 | 岷县中药材生产技术指导站 | A kind of Radix Codonopsis seedling-raising technique |
-
2019
- 2019-10-21 CN CN201911000632.7A patent/CN112753507A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103385099A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2013-11-13 | 渭源县康荣中药材科技有限公司 | Efficient seedling method of covering pilosulae laminated hole |
CN104885720A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-09 | 支秀芳 | Codonopsis pilosula planting method |
CN106550730A (en) * | 2015-09-26 | 2017-04-05 | 马国坚 | Radix Codonopsis technology is planted leanly in south |
CN107396744A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-11-28 | 岷县中药材生产技术指导站 | A kind of Radix Codonopsis seedling-raising technique |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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王迪轩;夏鹤高;: "厩肥在有机蔬菜生产上的应用", 蔬菜 * |
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