CN112748234A - Geotechnical free expansion test device and method - Google Patents
Geotechnical free expansion test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112748234A CN112748234A CN202110056731.8A CN202110056731A CN112748234A CN 112748234 A CN112748234 A CN 112748234A CN 202110056731 A CN202110056731 A CN 202110056731A CN 112748234 A CN112748234 A CN 112748234A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F19/00—Calibrated capacity measures for fluids or fluent solid material, e.g. measuring cups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/04—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2866—Grinding or homogeneising
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnics and discloses a geotechnical free expansion test device and a geotechnical free expansion test method, which aim to solve the problems that the work efficiency is not high in judgment of expansive soil in the prior art and artificial uncertain factors greatly influence results. The invention can greatly save labor, ensure the uniformity of test samples, ensure the accurate determination of water injection and improve the test accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnics, in particular to a geotechnical free expansion test device and a geotechnical free expansion test method.
Background
The expansive soil is generally mainly composed of clay minerals of montmorillonite and hydromica, and is a high-plasticity clay which is expanded by water absorption, contracted by dehydration, has larger expansion and contraction deformation capacity and is deformed repeatedly. The cause of the soil is a incomplete accumulation-slope accumulation type, a lake accumulation type, a alluvial accumulation-flood type and an ice water deposition type, the geological age is mostly a renewal system (Q3) and soil layers formed before the renewal system, the soil layers are mainly distributed in northwest, southwest and the like of China, and the soil is a special foundation soil which is not neglected in the fields of building engineering, railway engineering, highway engineering and the like. The expansive soil is generally high in strength and low in compressibility, is easy to be mistaken as clay with good building performance, but has the characteristics of water absorption expansion and water loss contraction, so that when the expansive soil is used as a building foundation, the foundation can be greatly displaced, and the building and a terrace are cracked or even seriously damaged.
The determination of expansive soil is often performed by the following methods: according to the characteristics of field geological engineering, the deformation characteristics of the existing buildings and the characteristic indexes, wherein the free expansion rate is one of the indexes of the expansion characteristics of the reaction soil. The principle is that the ratio (expressed as percentage) of the difference of the volume of loose dried soil particles freely stacked in water and air to the volume of loose dried soil particles freely stacked in air is used for judging the expansion characteristic of loose soil particles without structural force in water.
The current relevant specifications specify that the final test result is obtained through the steps of manual crushing, drying, manual screening, manual weighing, manual reading recording, manual calculation and the like. Based on the above steps, it is obvious that the artificial participation amount is large, the working efficiency is poor, more importantly, many uncertain factors are often substituted in the artificial participation test process, for example, the grinding degree varies from person to person, the screening degree varies from person to person, the reading error varies from person to person, inaccurate reading time control causes that the result deviation of the same individual or different individuals to the same group of tests is large, and is usually the deviation of the cross-expansion grade, the uncertain factors of the test data bring uncertainty for the determination of the expansive soil, and the prior art cannot solve the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the working efficiency is low and the artificial uncertain factors have great influence on the result in the judgment of expansive soil in the prior art, and provides a geotechnical free expansion test device and an experimental method for accurately testing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a free expansion test device for the soil engineering comprises a workbench, wherein a grinding and screening machine is arranged on the workbench, a funnel is arranged at the lower opening of the screening machine of the grinding and screening machine, a switch valve is arranged at the outlet of the funnel, a push-pull box is arranged below the switch valve, a soil cup is arranged on the push-pull box, and a push-pull power mechanism for reciprocating the push-pull box is arranged at one side of the push-pull box;
still be equipped with soil sample test device on the workstation, soil sample test device includes supporting mechanism, and the carousel is equipped with at supporting mechanism's top, and drive arrangement is equipped with to the bottom of carousel, installs a plurality of graduated flasks along the circumferencial direction equipartition on the carousel, and a supporting bench is still installed to supporting mechanism's both sides edge, is fixed with the support ring on the supporting bench, is equipped with a plurality of through-holes on the support ring, is equipped with the water injection pipe on the through-hole, is equipped with little flow metering pump on the water injection pipe, and the lateral part that is close to the water injection pipe is equipped with image acquisition system, and image acquisition system installs on the workstation, still be equipped with the rabbling mechanism that can stretch into the graduated flask on the through-hole, be equipped with on the rabbling mechanism and supply the stirring power device about the rabbling mechanism, the rabbling mechanism includes stirring push rod.
Further, the bilateral symmetry of support ring is equipped with the through-hole, and the quantity of the through-hole of every side is 3, and the interval between adjacent through-hole is 45, is equipped with the water injection pipe on two relative through-holes on the support ring, and the lower extreme of water injection pipe is connected with the water injection well choke, and the through-hole top that two other are relative on the support ring just are adjacent with the water injection pipe is equipped with and can stretches into rabbling mechanism.
Furthermore, the extendable stirring mechanism comprises a stirring push rod, stirring rods are arranged on two sides of the stirring push rod, and a stirring head is arranged at the end part of each stirring rod.
Further, the stirring power device comprises a first air cylinder connected with the middle part of the stirring push rod, and the first air cylinder is detachably connected with a support fixed on the support ring.
Further, the image acquisition system comprises an angle plate arranged at the side part of the water injection pipe, a camera is arranged at the upper part of the angle plate, and the camera is connected with the data processing system.
Furthermore, the push-pull power mechanism comprises a second cylinder fixed on the workbench, and the piston end of the second cylinder is connected with the end part of the push-pull box.
Furthermore, a chute is formed in the top of one side, close to the second air cylinder, of the push-pull box, a soil cup cavity is formed in the side portion of the push-pull box, a soil cup is arranged in the soil cup cavity, the top of the soil cup is communicated with the chute, and a pull rod is arranged on the side portion of the soil cup.
Furthermore, a weight sensor is arranged at the bottom of the soil cup cavity, a proximity switch is arranged on the outlet side of the funnel, and the proximity switch and the weight sensor are interlocked with the switch valve through a controller.
A geotechnical free expansion test method comprising the steps of:
1) putting the dried soil sample into a grinding and screening machine through a sample loading port of the grinding and screening machine, and starting a grinding button to grind the soil sample;
2) meanwhile, a horizontal vibrating screen in the grinding and screening machine is started, a soil sample with the particle size of less than 0.5mm is transferred into a neck-free funnel, and the soil sample with the particle size of more than 0.5mm is transported by a small-sized transport belt and returns to the grinding and screening machine for continuous grinding;
3) the second air cylinder is started and pushes the push-pull box, when the push-pull box is close to the neck-free funnel, the funnel is opened, the soil sample in the funnel enters the soil cup, when the weight of the soil sample in the soil cup reaches a set value, the funnel is closed, and the second air cylinder is contracted;
4) taking out the soil cup from the push-pull box;
5) continuously repeating the steps 1) to 4) to obtain a second soil measuring cup filled with soil for the test;
6) pouring the soil in the two soil measuring cups filled with the soil samples into 2 measuring cylinders to obtain 1 group of test samples;
7) continuously repeating the steps 1) to 6) to obtain 8 measuring cylinders filled with the samples, namely 4 groups of test samples;
8) dividing 8 groups of test samples into 4 times, starting a driving device, putting two measuring cylinders into the turntable every time the turntable rotates 45 degrees until all the measuring cylinders are put on the turntable, and putting two measuring cylinders into the turntable every time for 1 group of tests;
9) when the carousel rotates the graduated flask and is located the water injection pipe below, water injection pipe ration water injection, when the graduated flask after the water injection is located the below that can stretch into rabbling mechanism, can stretch into the rabbling mechanism action, when the carousel rotated a week, image acquisition system's action to give data processing system with image signal and handle and obtain the expansion ratio of soil sample.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the whole process, the other work is automatically finished except that the soil sample in the soil measuring cup is poured into the measuring cylinder and cleaned by instrument equipment, so that the labor can be greatly saved.
2. The invention effectively avoids the problem of non-uniformity of the manually crushed soil sample, and the grinding equipment automatically rolls and crushes the soil sample, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the test sample.
3. The invention automatically carries out screening and weighing work by the equipment, can avoid the situation that too many or too few samples are prepared inaccurately due to artificial judgment in the test process, and improves the working efficiency.
4. The invention injects the test water through the small flow metering pump, can effectively ensure the volume of the injected liquid, and avoids the excessive injection of the test water caused by improper operation and the like.
5. The invention stirs through the telescopic stirring mechanism, the stirring times and the stirring time can be strictly controlled according to the relevant test regulations, namely the stirring speed can be accurately set, the condition that the stirring times are too much or too little due to human factors is avoided, and the stirring time limit exceeding the standard regulation is avoided.
6. The invention avoids inaccurate and misreading of manual reading time. The situations of missing reading, night reading and the like caused by long test period are avoided. The automatic identification of the soil sample scales is realized, and corresponding monitoring results are provided according to corresponding specifications.
7. The image acquisition system can respectively monitor the soil sample settlement stage and the soil sample expansion stage, can monitor the soil sample settlement rate in real time in the soil sample settlement stage, and can monitor the soil sample expansion rate in real time in the soil sample expansion stage to obtain scientific research data such as the critical point of the soil sample settlement and expansion, the soil sample height value under the coupling effect of the critical point and the expansion and the soil sample height value, so as to evaluate the statistical distribution of the soil sample settlement and have important significance on the research on the expansion and contraction rule of a soil body.
8. The invention can increase and decrease the number of the measuring cylinders by increasing and decreasing the diameter of the measuring cylinder rotating disc according to the number of the test measuring groups, and theoretically, the number of the measuring cylinders is unlimited.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the soil sample testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a soil sample testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the soil sample testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a soil sample testing device and an image acquisition system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the support ring of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a turntable according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a rotary table and a measuring cylinder according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a retractable stirring mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a front view of the funnel and push-pull box of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a top view of the funnel and push-pull cassette of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the funnel and push-pull box of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a push-pull cassette according to the present invention;
fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a push-pull cassette of the present invention.
The reference numerals have the following meanings: 1. a first cylinder; 2. a support; 3. a stirring push rod; 4. a stirring rod; 5. a through hole; 6. a support ring; 7. a measuring cylinder; 8. a turntable; 9. a support disc; 10. a pillar; 11. a camera; 12. a gusset; 13. a water injection pipe; 14. a support table; 15. a water nozzle; 16. a stepping motor; 17. an infrared sensing end; 18. a groove; 19. a stirring head; 20. pushing and pulling the box; 21. grinding and screening machines; 22. a data processing system; 23. a work table; 24. a funnel; 25. a funnel holder; 26. a second cylinder; 27. a cylinder block; 28. an outlet; 29. a soil cup; 30. a chute; 31. a soil cup cavity; 32. a pull rod; 33. opening and closing the valve; 34. a weight sensor; 35. a proximity switch.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 14, the free soil expansion test device comprises a workbench 23, a grinding and screening machine 21 is fastened on the workbench 23 through bolts, a funnel 24 is arranged at a lower opening of the screening machine in the grinding and screening machine 21, the funnel 24 is supported by a funnel support 25, the funnel support 25 is fastened at the bottom of a shell of the grinding and screening machine 21, a switch valve 33 is arranged on an outlet 28 of the funnel 24, a push-pull box 20 is arranged below the switch valve 33, a soil cup 29 is arranged on the push-pull box 20, a push-pull power mechanism for reciprocating the push-pull box 20 is arranged at one side of the push-pull box 20, the push-pull power mechanism comprises a second cylinder 26 fastened and fixed on the workbench 23 through a cylinder seat 27, and a piston end of the second cylinder 26 is connected with an end of the push-. The top of one side of the push-pull box 20 close to the second cylinder 26 is provided with a chute 30, the side of the push-pull box 20 is provided with a soil cup cavity 31, a soil cup 29 is arranged in the soil cup cavity 31, a weight sensor 34 is arranged in the soil cup cavity 31 at the bottom of the soil cup cavity 31, the top of the soil cup 29 is communicated with the chute 30, the side of the soil cup 29 is provided with a pull rod 32 integrated with the soil cup 29, the outlet side of the funnel 24 is provided with a proximity switch 35, and the proximity switch 35, the weight sensor 34, the second cylinder 26 and the switch valve 33 are all linked through a Honeywell controller.
The soil sample testing device is further arranged on the workbench 23 and comprises a supporting mechanism, the supporting mechanism comprises a support pillar 10 which is fastened and installed on the workbench 23 through bolts, a supporting disc 9 is installed on the top of the support pillar 10 through bolts, a rotary disc 8 (the rotary disc 8 and the supporting disc 9 can rotate relatively) is movably installed at the top of the supporting disc 9, a stepping motor 16 (a driving device is a stepping motor 16) is installed at the bottom of the supporting disc 9, the stepping motor 16 and the rotary disc 8 are in gear transmission, a plurality of grooves 18 for installing measuring cylinders 7 are uniformly formed in the rotary disc 8 in the circumferential direction, a plurality of measuring cylinders 7 are installed in the grooves, supporting tables 14 are further fixed on the two side edges of the supporting mechanism, supporting rings 6 are fastened on the supporting tables 14 through bolts, through holes 5 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the supporting rings 6, the number of the through holes 5 on each side is 3, the interval, the two opposite through holes 5 on the support ring 6 are provided with water injection pipes 13 capable of injecting water quantitatively, each water injection pipe 13 is provided with a small flow metering pump and a flow meter, the flow meters are arranged on the small flow metering pumps, the lower end of each water injection pipe 13 is provided with a water nozzle 15, and the lower end of each water injection pipe 13 is connected with a stirring mechanism capable of extending into the water below the two opposite through holes 5 adjacent to and opposite to the water injection pipe 13. The stirring power device which can be extended into the stirring mechanism up and down is arranged on the extensible stirring mechanism. Can stretch into rabbling mechanism and include stirring rod 3, stirring rod 4 is equipped with in the both sides of stirring rod 3 are fixed, and the tip of stirring rod 4 is equipped with stirring head 19, is equipped with a plurality of apertures that link up on the stirring head 19, and stirring power device includes and passes through bolt-up connection's first cylinder 1 with stirring rod 3 middle parts, and support 2 is passed with fixing to the piston end of first cylinder 1, and the mount pad of first cylinder 1 and the support 2 fastening connection on support ring 6.
An image acquisition system is arranged at the side part close to the water injection pipe 13, the image acquisition system comprises an angle plate 12 which is fixedly arranged at the side part of the water injection pipe 13 through bolts, the upper part of the angle plate 12 is provided with a camera 11, the camera 11 is an infrared camera, the end of the camera 11 is provided with an infrared sensing end 17, and the camera 11 is connected with a data processing system 22. The operations of the first cylinder 1, the camera 11, the stepping motor 16, and the small flow rate metering pump are controlled by a PLC control system or a DCS control system.
The working process is as follows:
1. and putting the dried soil sample into the grinding and screening machine 21 through a sample loading port of the grinding and screening machine 21, and starting a grinding button to grind the soil sample.
2. And simultaneously, starting the horizontal vibrating screen, transferring the soil sample with the particle size of less than 0.5mm into a neck-free funnel 24, and conveying the soil sample with the particle size of more than 0.5mm by a small-sized conveyer belt back to the grinding equipment for continuous grinding.
3. The second air cylinder 26 at the side part of the push-pull box 20 below the funnel 24 is started to push the push-pull box 20 with the soil cup 29, when the soil cup 29 is close to the outlet 28 of the funnel 24, the proximity switch 35 transmits the signal to the switch valve 33 through the controller, the switch valve 33 is opened, the soil sample in the funnel 24 enters the soil cup 29, when the weight of the soil sample in the soil cup 29 reaches a set value, the weight sensor 34 transmits the signal to the switch valve 33 through the controller, the switch valve 33 is closed, and the second air cylinder 26 is contracted.
4. The soil cup 29 is taken out of the soil cup cavity 31 through the pull rod 32.
5. And (4) continuously repeating the work of the steps 1-4 to obtain a second soil measuring cup 29 filled with the soil for the test.
6. The soil in the two soil measuring cups 29 filled with the soil samples is poured into 2 clean measuring cylinders 7 meeting the requirements, and 1 group of test samples are obtained.
7. Cleaning of parts of abrasive screening machine 21 that require cleaning.
8. The work of steps 1-7 is repeated, and 8 measuring cylinders 7 containing the test sample are obtained, namely 4 groups of test samples.
9. Dividing 8 groups of test samples into 4 times, starting a stepping motor 16, enabling the stepping motor 16 to act at intervals, placing two measuring cylinders 7 into a rotating disk 8 when the rotating disk 8 rotates 45 degrees and the rotating disk 8 is paused until all the measuring cylinders 7 are placed on the rotating disk 8, and placing 1 group of test samples into two measuring cylinders 7 each time.
10. The actions of the turntable 8, the water injection pipe 13 (metering pump), the stirring mechanism and the image acquisition system are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 turntable, water injection pipe, stirring mechanism and image acquisition system action table
Note: check represents the presence of a corresponding action, and x represents the absence of a corresponding action.
The corresponding operating states are described as follows:
1) when the rotating disc 8 is not rotated, namely the rotating angle is 0 degree, 2 measuring cylinders 7 on the tray are not filled with water.
2) When the rotating angle of the rotating disc 8 is 45 degrees, 4 measuring cylinders 7 are arranged on the tray, 2 measuring cylinders are filled with water, and 2 measuring cylinders are not filled with water.
3) When the rotating angle of the rotating disc 8 is 90 degrees, 6 measuring cylinders 7 are arranged on the tray, 4 measuring cylinders are filled with water, and 2 measuring cylinders are not filled with water.
4) When the rotating angle of the rotating disc 8 is 135 degrees, 8 measuring cylinders 7 are arranged on the tray, 6 measuring cylinders are filled with water, 2 measuring cylinders are stirred, and 2 measuring cylinders are not filled with water.
5) When the rotating angle of the rotating disc 8 is 180 degrees, 8 measuring cylinders 7 are arranged on the tray, 8 measuring cylinders are filled with water, and 4 measuring cylinders are stirred.
6) When the rotating angle of the rotating disc 8 is 225 degrees, 8 measuring cylinders 7 are arranged on the tray, 8 water are injected, and 6 are stirred.
7) When the rotating angle of the rotating disc 8 is 270 degrees, 8 measuring cylinders 7 are arranged on the tray, 8 measuring cylinders are filled with water, and 8 measuring cylinders are stirred.
8) When the rotating angle of the turntable 8 is 360 degrees, the image acquisition system starts to start to observe the soil sample settlement.
And processing the collected soil sample quality and the real-time scales through a data processing system to obtain a corresponding test result.
Data recording and processing mode: (Prior Art handling of data portions by a data processing System)
1. Firstly, real-time recording of data is achieved through an image acquisition system, then a data processing system acquires the data and can draw a change curve of the height along with the time according to different sample heights at different times to obtain the expansion rate of the soil sample, and a boundary of the height change under the combined action of expansion and sedimentation is found.
2. According to the standard requirement, respectively recording the sample heights of 2h, 4h, 6h, 8h and 10h after stirring, and then calculating the free expansion rate of the soil sample according to the following formula:
in the formula:
free expansion (%) calculated to 1%;
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a geotechnique free expansion test device, includes workstation (23), characterized by: a grinding and screening machine (21) is arranged on the workbench (23), a funnel (24) is arranged at the lower opening of the screening screen of the grinding and screening machine (21), a switch valve (33) is arranged on an outlet (28) of the funnel (24), a push-pull box (20) is arranged below the switch valve (33), a soil cup (29) is arranged on the push-pull box (20), and a push-pull power mechanism for reciprocating the push-pull box (20) is arranged at one side of the push-pull box (20);
the soil sample testing device is characterized by further being arranged on the workbench (23) and comprising a supporting mechanism, wherein a turntable (8) is mounted at the top of the supporting mechanism, a driving device is mounted at the bottom of the turntable (8), a plurality of measuring cylinders (7) are uniformly arranged on the turntable (8) along the circumferential direction, supporting tables (14) are further mounted at the edges of two sides of the supporting mechanism, a supporting ring (6) is fixed on each supporting table (14), a plurality of through holes (5) are formed in each supporting ring (6), a water injection pipe (13) is mounted on each through hole (5), a small flow metering pump is mounted on each water injection pipe (13), an image acquisition system is arranged on the side part close to each water injection pipe (13) and mounted on the workbench (23), a stirring mechanism capable of extending into each measuring cylinder (7) is further arranged on each through hole (5), and a stirring power device capable of enabling the stirring mechanism to move up and, the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring push rod (3), stirring rods (4) are arranged on two sides of the stirring push rod (3), a stirring head (19) is arranged at the end part of each stirring rod (4), and a plurality of small holes are formed in the stirring head (19).
2. The geotechnical free expansion test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bilateral symmetry of support ring (6) is equipped with through-hole (5), and the quantity of through-hole (5) on each side is 3, and the interval between adjacent through-hole (5) is 45, is equipped with water injection pipe (13) on two relative through-hole (5) on support ring (6), and the lower extreme of water injection pipe (13) is connected with water injection well choke (15), and stirring mechanism is equipped with in other two relative and through-hole (5) tops adjacent with water injection pipe (13) on support ring (6).
3. The geotechnical free expansion test apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the stirring power device comprises a first cylinder (1) connected with the middle part of the stirring push rod (3), and the first cylinder (1) is detachably connected with a support (2) fixed on the support ring (6).
4. The geotechnical free expansion test apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the image acquisition system comprises an angle plate (12) arranged at the side part of the water injection pipe (13), and a camera (11) is arranged at the upper part of the angle plate (12).
5. The geotechnical free expansion test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the push-pull power mechanism comprises a second cylinder (26) fixed on the workbench (23), and the piston end of the second cylinder (26) is connected with the end part of the push-pull box (20).
6. The geotechnical free expansion test apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: a chute (30) is formed in the top of one side, close to the second air cylinder (26), of the push-pull box (20), a soil cup cavity (31) is formed in the side portion of the push-pull box (20), a soil cup (29) is arranged in the soil cup cavity (31), the top of the soil cup (29) is communicated with the chute (30), and a pull rod (32) is arranged on the side portion of the soil cup (29).
7. The geotechnical free expansion test apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the bottom of the soil cup cavity (31) is provided with a weight sensor (34), and the outlet side of the funnel (24) is provided with a proximity switch (35).
8. The geotechnical free expansion test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the supporting mechanism comprises a supporting column (10) installed on a workbench (23), a supporting disc (9) is fixed to the top of the supporting column (10), a turntable (8) is movably installed at the top of the supporting disc (9), a stepping motor (16) is installed at the bottom of the supporting disc (9), and the stepping motor (16) and the turntable (8) are in gear transmission.
9. The geotechnical free expansion test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of grooves (18) for mounting the measuring cylinder (7) are uniformly distributed on the rotary disc (8).
10. A geotechnical free expansion test method comprising the steps of:
1) putting the dried soil sample into a grinding and screening machine (21) through a sample loading port of the grinding and screening machine (21), and starting a grinding button to grind the soil sample;
2) meanwhile, a horizontal vibrating screen in the grinding and screening machine (21) is started, a soil sample with the particle size of less than 0.5mm is transferred into a neck-free funnel (24), and the soil sample with the particle size of more than 0.5mm is transported by a small-sized conveyer belt and returned to the grinding and screening machine (21) for continuous grinding;
3) the second air cylinder (26) is started and pushes the push-pull box (20), when the push-pull box (20) approaches the neck-free funnel (24), the funnel (24) is opened, the soil sample in the funnel (24) enters the soil cup (29), when the weight of the soil sample in the soil cup (29) reaches a set value, the funnel (24) is closed, and the second air cylinder (26) is contracted;
4) taking out the soil cup (29) from the push-pull box (20);
5) continuously repeating the steps 1) to 4) to obtain a second soil measuring cup (29) filled with soil for the test;
6) pouring the soil in the two soil measuring cups (29) filled with the soil samples into 2 measuring cylinders (7) to obtain 1 group of test samples;
7) continuously repeating the steps 1) to 6) to obtain 8 measuring cylinders (7) filled with the samples, namely 4 groups of test samples;
8) dividing 8 groups of test samples into 4 times, starting a driving device, putting two measuring cylinders (7) into a rotary table (8) every time the rotary table rotates 45 degrees until all the measuring cylinders (7) are put on the rotary table (8), wherein 1 group of test is carried out on two measuring cylinders (7) put into the rotary table (8) every time;
9) when the rotary table (8) rotates until the measuring cylinder (7) is positioned below the water injection pipe (13), the water injection pipe (13) injects water quantitatively, when the measuring cylinder (7) after water injection is positioned below the stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism acts, and when the rotary table (8) rotates for one circle, the image acquisition system acts to transmit an image signal to the data processing system for processing and obtain the expansion rate of the soil sample.
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| CN202110056731.8A CN112748234A (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Geotechnical free expansion test device and method |
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Application publication date: 20210504 |