CN112746042A - Straw-decomposing composite microbial inoculant and straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer production method - Google Patents
Straw-decomposing composite microbial inoculant and straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer production method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a straw-decomposing composite microbial inoculum and a straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer-making method, wherein the straw-decomposing composite microbial inoculum comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, aspergillus niger, trichoderma longibrachiatum, trichoderma reesei, saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactobacillus plantarum; a method for producing fertilizer by fermenting and decomposing straw microorganism is characterized in that straw decomposing composite microbial inoculum is added into straw; solves the problem that the rapid degradation of the straws cannot be effectively realized by adopting a single microbial agent under the low-temperature condition of the existing straw composting fermentation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a microbial fermentation and decomposition method for producing fertilizer by corn stalks in the agricultural field.
Background
The straw composting fermentation is essentially that microorganisms decompose organic substances through metabolic propagation. Microbial metabolism is the core change of the whole straw compost fermentation, influences and determines the speed of the straw compost fermentation process, so that a certain amount of microbial agents are added by external sources, the microbial quantity is increased, the degradation effect of macromolecular organic substances is improved, and the rapid progress of the straw compost fermentation is promoted. Relevant researches show that a certain amount of fermentation bacteria agent is added in the aerobic fermentation process of livestock and poultry manure and rice hulls, so that the fermentation time can be obviously shortened. However, the purpose of rapidly degrading the straws cannot be effectively realized by a single microbial agent in the straw composting fermentation under the condition of low temperature (10 ℃).
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a straw-decomposing complex microbial inoculant and a method for producing fertilizer by fermenting and decomposing straw microorganism at low temperature, which solve the problem that the straw can not be effectively and rapidly degraded by adopting a single microbial inoculant under the low-temperature condition of the existing straw composting fermentation.
In a first aspect, the straw decomposing composite microbial inoculum is characterized by comprising:
bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, aspergillus niger, trichoderma longibrachiatum, trichoderma reesei, saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactobacillus plantarum.
Further, the total effective viable count of the straw decomposing composite bacterial agent is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g (ml).
In a second aspect, the straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer making method is characterized in that:
the straw decomposing composite microbial inoculum is added into the straws.
Further, the addition amount of the straw decomposing composite microbial inoculum is 0.5-1.0% of the total weight of the straws.
Further, adding a nitrogen source into the straws;
the nitrogen source is urea or livestock and poultry manure.
Further, the adding amount of the urea is 0.8-1.0% of the total weight of the straws;
the additive amount of the livestock and poultry manure is 50-60% of the total weight of the straws.
Further, adding water into the straws;
the water is added in an amount which ensures that the water content of the straw compost is 60-70%.
Further, the straw is corn straw;
the crushing length of the corn straws is less than 10 cm.
Further, uniformly mixing and stirring the straws, the nitrogen source and the straw decomposing composite microbial inoculum, and piling a trapezoidal straw pile body with the height of 1.8-2.0 m, the width of the bottom of 3.0-4.0 m, the width of the upper part of 2.5-3.0 m and unlimited length; the surface of the straw pile body is covered with a heat-insulating isolation piece.
Further, the heat-insulating isolation piece is plastic cloth.
Further, when the temperature of the straw pile body rises to above 65 ℃ and begins to fall, carrying out first pile turning;
the temperature of the straw pile body rises to above 65 ℃ again, and when the temperature begins to fall, the pile turning is carried out for the second time;
then turning the pile for 1 time every 1 month, and turning the pile for 3-4 times in a composting period;
and when the temperature of the straw stack body is reduced to be below 35 ℃ and the temperature difference does not exceed +/-2 ℃ for two consecutive days, stopping turning.
Further, the external environment temperature of the straw pile body is more than 4 ℃.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the activity value of cellulase produced by the straw-decomposing composite microbial inoculum is 55.3U/ml, which shows that the straw-decomposing composite microbial inoculum can rapidly degrade straws under a low-temperature condition;
the invention relates to a straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer preparation method, which adopts the inoculation of straw decomposition complex microbial inoculum and quickly starts straw compost fermentation by covering plastic cloth, thereby accelerating the decomposition of straw compost.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the fermentation temperature change (autumn compost) of corn stalk compost in different treatment modes according to the experimental study example of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the fermentation temperature change (spring compost) of corn stalk compost in different treatment modes according to the experimental study example of the present invention;
FIG. 3-1 is a microscopic structural view of the 40 th day of corn stalk compost of the experimental research example treatment mode 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3-2 is a microscopic structure diagram of the 40 th day of corn stalk compost of the experimental research example treatment mode 2 of the present invention;
3-3 is a microscopic structure diagram of the 40 th day of corn stalk compost of the experimental research example treatment mode 3 of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of germination index determination (compost 90d) of corn stalk compost seeds in experimental research example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below based on examples, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth. However, the present invention may be fully understood by those skilled in the art for those parts not described in detail.
Example one
The straw-decomposing composite microbial inoculum of the embodiment contains bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, aspergillus niger, trichoderma longibrachiatum, trichoderma reesei, saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactobacillus plantarum, and the total effective viable count is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g (ml).
In the embodiment, the cellulase-producing activity of 8 microbial inoculum is determined, 8 microbial inoculum with the same amount is respectively inoculated in a sterilized sodium carboxymethyl cellulose liquid fermentation culture medium, the 8 microbial inoculum is respectively purchased from China agricultural microbial strain preservation management center, and the cellulase-producing activity of the strain is determined after shaking culture for 72h under the conditions of 10 ℃ and 120 r/min.
The test results are shown in table 1, the liquid is gradually turbid along with the inoculation time in different treatments, different colors are presented, the CMC-producing enzyme activity value of the straw-decomposing composite microbial inoculum is maximum and is 55.3U/ml, and the microbial inoculum product can rapidly degrade the straws under the low-temperature condition. The 8 microbial inoculum is subjected to plate culture (the culture temperature is 10-15 ℃).
TABLE 1 straw decomposition Complex microbial inoculum strain morphology and cellulase production activity
Examples of Experimental study
In the embodiment, the straw compost fermentation method is researched by inoculating the straw rotten composite microbial inoculum in the first embodiment and covering plastic cloth, and the specific research process is as follows.
In this embodiment, 3 treatment methods are adopted to study the straw heap rot related indexes, which are as follows:
1) research on straw corrosion temperature-increasing and heat-preserving measures
In order to study the decomposition effect of the straw pile under the low-temperature condition of the straw pile decomposition, temperature-increasing and heat-preserving measures, the embodiment sets 3 treatment modes, which respectively are as follows:
treatment method 1: inoculating straw-decomposing composite microbial inoculum (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Trichoderma reesei, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus plantarum), and covering no plastic cloth;
treatment method 2: inoculating straw-decomposing composite microbial inoculum (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Trichoderma reesei, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus plantarum), and covering with plastic cloth;
treatment method 3: inoculating normal temperature bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) and covering no plastic cloth.
Through researching the influences of different treatment modes on the temperature change of the corn straw compost, the microstructure of the decomposed straw and the apparent characteristics of the decomposed straw, straw compost temperature-increasing and heat-preserving measures are screened out, and the decomposition effect of the straw compost on the corn straw is researched.
(1) Temperature change of corn straw compost fermentation
The straw compost is characterized in that compost microorganisms utilize nutrient substances such as carbon sources and nitrogen sources in the straw compost for self growth and reproduction, and generate heat to be dissipated to the environment, so that the temperature of the straw compost is increased.
The straw compost temperature is one of important indexes in the straw fermentation process, the processing mode 2 is subjected to corn straw autumn compost and corn straw spring compost in the embodiment, and the changes of the compost processing heap body temperature and the environment temperature are reflected respectively in the figures 1 and 2, so that the trend of temperature rise → high temperature → temperature reduction is presented.
In the initial fermentation stage of the straw compost, because the soluble nutrients in the compost are relatively sufficient and the normal metabolism of microorganisms is basically maintained, the straw has an obvious temperature rise process in the first 3d of composting, and the 9d enters a high-temperature stage, wherein the temperature of the compost processed by the method 2 rises fastest, the highest temperature of the straw compost in an autumn straw compost test reaches 65.1 ℃, the highest temperature of the straw compost in a spring straw compost test reaches 71.0 ℃, the temperature is obviously higher than that of the method 1 and the method 3, and the retention time in the high-temperature stage is longest. The method is mainly characterized in that the treatment mode 2 adopts a low-temperature bacterium and normal-temperature bacterium inoculation mode, so that the compost can be quickly started in the lower environmental temperature conditions of late autumn, early spring and the like, and meanwhile, a plastic film covering measure is adopted, so that the effects of warming, heat preservation and moisture preservation can be achieved, excellent living conditions are provided for compost microorganisms, and the maturity of the corn straws is promoted.
Autumn composting starts at the end of 10 months in each year, and a mode of turning piles in spring in the next year without turning piles in autumn is adopted, so that the phenomenon that the heat is greatly dissipated in the pile turning process due to too low external environment temperature in autumn and winter, and the composting process and the rotten effect are influenced is avoided.
In spring, compost is started at the end of 3 months generally, the compost is turned over after one month, corn straws which are not decomposed outside are turned into the compost, the oxygen concentration of the straw pile is increased, the rapid decomposition of the corn straws is promoted, as shown in fig. 2, a large amount of heat is dissipated in the turning process, so that the temperature of the pile after the straw compost is turned over can be rapidly reduced, and after the straw pile is built, the temperature of the straw compost can continuously rise due to the activity of compost microorganisms, and the straw compost enters a high-temperature stage, so that the decomposition of the corn straws is promoted.
(2) Variation of maize straw microstructure
The microscopic observation can visually observe the action degree of different treatments on the microstructure of the corn straws, so that the decomposition effect of the corn straws treated differently is analyzed.
The optical micrographs of the three different treatment modes are shown in FIG. 3-1, FIG. 3-2, and FIG. 3-3. As can be seen from the microscope picture of 400 times, compared with other treatments, the maize straw treated by the treatment method 2 has smooth surface, no hairy protrusion, clear cell outline and loose internal structure of cells, and some cells are dissolved, which shows that the treatment method 2 can rapidly degrade the maize straw and has obvious effect on degrading the maize straw.
2) Research on dynamic change of straw composting microbial population
The straw composting fermentation is essentially that microorganisms decompose organic substances through metabolic propagation. Microbial metabolism is the core change of the whole straw compost fermentation, and influences and determines the speed of the straw compost fermentation process. Microorganisms are the main players of composting, and nitrogen conversion, carbon conversion and the evolution of microbial communities are in internal connection by utilizing nitrogen and carbon organic substances to promote the composting process.
The microbial content in the straw composting process determines the degradation rate of cellulose in the compost, and influences the quality of the compost. The test results are shown in Table 2, and because of the temperature rise period of the compost, sufficient nutrient substances are beneficial to the growth and metabolism of bacteria, so that the number of bacterial communities in the period is increased. In the early stage of composting, microorganisms such as aerobic bacteria, facultative bacteria and cellulase bacteria grow rapidly to become dominant flora. As the composting temperature increases, other microorganisms begin to multiply. In the high-temperature period (above 55 ℃), other microbial populations die or are dormant due to the overhigh temperature of the straw compost, and high-temperature actinomycetes, high-temperature bacteria and thermophilic fungi become dominant floras. In the later period of composting, various floras begin to breed in large quantities. During each period of composting, there are different dominant microbial populations, and as composting progresses, significant microbial community succession occurs.
TABLE 2 variation of microbial populations at different composting stages (× 10)8cuf/g)
4) Research on dynamic change of straw composting nutrient elements
The mineralization and the humification penetrate through the whole fermentation process of the straw compost, the mineralization is greater than the humification in the early stage (a temperature rise stage and a high temperature stage) of the compost and mainly shows that unstable organic matters are decomposed, and the mineralization is less than the humification in the later stage (a temperature drop stage and a maturity stage) of the compost and mainly shows that new stable organic matters are generated. Composting organic matter is all the carbonaceous organic matter present in the compost that falls with the composting process. The nitrogen volatilization loss through ammonia is the most main mode of nitrogen loss of the compost, the ammonia release rapidly rises along with the temperature rise stage, and the peak value is reached and reduced in the high temperature stage. The ammoniacal nitrogen mainly comes from nitrogenous organic matters which are decomposed under the action of ammoniation, rises in the early stage and reaches the maximum value, and falls and is stable in the later stage of composting as the easily decomposed organic matters are depleted; the total organic nitrogen content is reduced in the early stage of composting, and is increased and stabilized in the later stage of composting. In the later period of the compost, part of ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen under the nitrification of nitrifying bacteria, the content of the nitrate nitrogen is increased, but the content of the nitrate nitrogen is lower by 1-2 orders of magnitude than that of ammonia nitrogen and organic nitrogen, and the influence on the preservation of nitrogen in the compost is small. Phosphorus and potassium are fixed in the straw composting process, the volume and the weight of the compost are continuously reduced due to decomposition of organic matters in the composting process, phosphorus and potassium are not lost through volatilization and other forms, and the content of phosphorus and potassium elements is relatively increased due to the concentration effect of nutrients.
(1) Change of organic matter content in straw compost
Organic matter is the energy source for microbial activity and metabolism, a portion of which is broken down by microorganisms into CO2And H2O, the released energy is utilized by microorganisms, and the other part of the released energy exists in the material in a stable organic matter form, and the content of the organic matter is in a descending trend. The test results are shown in table 3, the organic matter content of each treatment is reduced, and by the end of composting, the organic matter content of the composts treated by the treatment mode 1, the treatment mode 2, the treatment mode 3 and the control treatment (without inoculation of microbial inoculum) are respectively 27.23%, 26.56%, 27.61% and 30.52%, wherein the reduction range of the organic matter of the treatment mode 2 is the largest, which indicates that the microorganisms in the treatment mode 2 degrade most carbon in the straws and the organic matter is favorably converted into substances such as CO2 and humus.
Table 3 change of organic matter content (%) -of straw compost treated differently
(2) Change of total nitrogen content of straw compost
The total nitrogen in the compost comprises organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen, wherein the change of the organic nitrogen mainly comprises the fixation and release of nitrogen. The mineralization of organic nitrogen, the volatilization of continuous ammonia and the denitrification of nitrate nitrogen all cause the loss of nitrogen in the composting process. At the initial stage of composting, the total nitrogen content of the materials is reduced because the nitrogenous organic matters in the materials are decomposed into ammonia gas to volatilize. In the later period of composting, nitrogen in the materials can be fixed along with the action of nitrifying bacteria through nitrification, the loss of the nitrogen is gradually reduced, and in the fermentation process, factors such as the mass and the volume of a pile body are reduced, the water is lost, organic matters are degraded, and the content of the nitrogen in the materials tends to rise. The test results are shown in Table 4, and at the end of composting, the total nitrogen contents of the treatment mode 1, the treatment mode 2, the treatment mode 3 and the control compost are respectively 6.93g/kg, 7.26g/kg, 6.86g/kg and 6.53g/kg, wherein the total nitrogen content of the treatment mode 2 is the highest, which indicates that the treatment mode 2 is favorable for the retention of nitrogen.
TABLE 4 variation of total nitrogen content (g/kg) of straw composts treated differently
(3) Change of total phosphorus content of straw compost
The loss of phosphorus is less in the composting process, and the phosphorus is mainly lost in the form of percolate. Conversion of organic carbon to CO by action of microorganisms2Minerals, heat, H2O and stable humus, the quality of the total compost can be greatly reduced along with the progress of composting, and the relative content of total phosphorus in the compost is improved. The test results are shown in 5, when the compost is finished, the total phosphorus contents of the treatment mode 1, the treatment mode 2, the treatment mode 3 and the control treated compost are respectively 1.79g/kg, 1.90g/kg, 1.73g/kg and 1.66g/kg, wherein the total phosphorus content of the treatment mode 2 is the highest, and the total mass of the pile possibly reduced with the treatment mode 2It is related.
TABLE 5 variation of total phosphorus content (g/kg) in straw compost treated differently
(4) Change of total potassium content in straw compost
The composting process is a biochemical process, very complex, with the fixation and release of potassium. After composting, the total potassium content tends to increase, because the volume and weight of the compost are reduced continuously due to the decomposition of organic matters in the composting process, while the potassium is not lost in the forms of volatilization and the like, and because of the concentration effect of nutrients, the total potassium content in each process is increased along with the completion of the composting process. The results of the tests are shown in Table 6, and at the end of composting, the total potassium content of the composts treated in treatment mode 1, treatment mode 2, treatment mode 3 and control were 17.75g/kg, 18.67g/kg, 17.53g/kg and 16.91g/kg, respectively, with the total potassium content being the highest in treatment mode 2, and possibly related to a decrease in the total mass of the compost in treatment mode 2.
TABLE 6 variation of total potassium content (g/kg) of straw compost treated differently
5) Detection of straw composting fermentation maturity
The Germination Index (GI) of seeds is one of the common methods for evaluating compost maturity and is a very direct and efficient method. After the fermentation of the straws is finished, the leaching liquor of the compost products is utilized to carry out a seed germination test, so that the method can effectively judge the maturity level of the compost products and the influence on the germination of crop seeds. If GI is more than or equal to 85 percent, the compost is considered to be completely decomposed. The test results are shown in table 7 and fig. 4, the germination indexes of the seeds treated by the treatment modes 1, 2 and 3 are increased along with the progress of the compost, and at the 90 th day of the compost, the germination indexes of the seeds treated by the treatment modes 1, 2, 3 and the control are respectively 95.7%, 106.2%, 98.8% and 87.5%, which are all more than 85%, which indicates that the straw compost is well decomposed, wherein the straw decomposition effect of the treatment mode 2 is the best.
TABLE 7 Germination Index (GI) Change for each treatment (%)
Example two
According to the results of the experimental research examples, this example summarizes the straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer production method of the application as follows:
after the corn seeds are harvested, the straws are crushed by a straw crushing device carried by the combine harvester, and the length of the crushed straws is less than 10 cm.
The method is characterized in that corn straw microbial fermentation is carried out by utilizing idle land blocks allowed by countries such as field lands, fallow land, waste land and the like to quickly decompose and make fertilizer, and the composting raw material is corn straw.
The corn stalk is added with nitrogen source, and the nitrogen source can be urea or livestock and poultry manure. Wherein, the addition amount of the urea is 0.8 to 1.0 percent of the total weight of the straws; the adding amount of the livestock and poultry manure is 50-60% of the total weight of the straw compost.
The straw decomposing composite microbial inoculum is added into the corn straws and the nitrogen source, and the addition amount is 0.5-1.0 percent of the total weight of the straws.
Clear water is added into the corn straws, the straw decomposition complex microbial inoculum and the nitrogen source, and the addition amount of the clear water needs to ensure that the water content of the straw pile is 60-70%.
The corn straws, the nitrogen source, the straw decomposing composite microbial inoculum and water are mixed and stirred uniformly to form a trapezoidal straw pile with the height of 1.8-2.0 m, the width of the bottom of 3.0-4.0 m, the width of the upper part of 2.5-3.0 m and unlimited length, plastic cloth covers the surface of the straw pile, and the periphery of the plastic cloth is compacted by soil.
When the temperature of the straw stack body rises to above 65 ℃ and begins to fall, the stack is turned for the first time. And (3) raising the temperature of the straw stack again to be above 65 ℃, and turning the stack for the second time when the temperature begins to fall. Then the pile is turned for 1 time every 1 month, and the pile is turned for 4 times in one composting period.
And when the temperature of the straw compost is reduced to be below 35 ℃ and the temperature difference does not exceed +/-2 ℃ for two consecutive days, stopping turning the compost.
When the corn straw is composted, the external environment temperature is required to be more than 4 ℃.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely embodiments for expressing the invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes, substitutions of equivalents, improvements and the like can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A straw decomposing composite microbial inoculum is characterized by comprising:
bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, aspergillus niger, trichoderma longibrachiatum, trichoderma reesei, saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactobacillus plantarum.
2. The straw decomposing complex microbial inoculant according to claim 1, wherein:
the total effective viable count of the straw decomposing composite microbial inoculum is more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g (ml).
3. A straw microorganism fermentation and decomposition fertilizer making method is characterized in that:
the straw decomposing composite microbial inoculum is added into the straws.
4. The straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer making method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the addition amount of the straw decomposing composite microbial inoculum is 0.5-1.0% of the total weight of the straws.
5. The straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer making method according to claim 4, characterized in that:
adding a nitrogen source into the straws;
the nitrogen source is urea or livestock and poultry manure.
6. The straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer making method according to claim 5, characterized in that:
the addition amount of the urea is 0.8-1.0% of the total weight of the straws;
the additive amount of the livestock and poultry manure is 50-60% of the total weight of the straws.
7. The straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer making method according to claim 6, characterized in that:
adding water into the straws;
the water is added in an amount which ensures that the water content of the straw compost is 60-70%;
and/or the presence of a gas in the interior of the container,
the straws are corn straws;
the crushing length of the corn straws is less than 10 cm.
8. The straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer making method according to claim 7, characterized in that:
uniformly mixing and stirring the straws, the nitrogen source and the straw decomposing composite microbial inoculum, and piling a trapezoidal straw pile body with the height of 1.8-2.0 m, the width of the bottom of 3.0-4.0 m, the width of the upper part of 2.5-3.0 m and unlimited length; the surface of the straw pile body is covered with a heat-insulating isolation piece.
9. The straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer making method according to claim 8, characterized in that:
the heat-insulating isolation piece is plastic cloth;
and/or the presence of a gas in the interior of the container,
when the temperature of the straw pile body rises to above 65 ℃ and begins to fall, turning the pile for the first time;
the temperature of the straw pile body rises to above 65 ℃ again, and when the temperature begins to fall, the pile turning is carried out for the second time;
then turning the pile for 1 time every 1 month, and turning the pile for 3-4 times in a composting period;
and when the temperature of the straw stack body is reduced to be below 35 ℃ and the temperature difference does not exceed +/-2 ℃ for two consecutive days, stopping turning.
10. The straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer making method according to claim 9, characterized in that:
the external environment temperature of the straw pile is more than 4 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110062566.7A CN112746042A (en) | 2021-01-18 | 2021-01-18 | Straw-decomposing composite microbial inoculant and straw microbial fermentation and decomposition fertilizer production method |
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| CN113755342A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-07 | 黑龙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Low-temperature-resistant straw fermentation inoculant and preparation method thereof |
| CN114480169A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-05-13 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and application thereof |
| CN114480137A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-05-13 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Trichoderma reesei and method for degrading straw by same |
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