CN112736391A - Defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line - Google Patents
Defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line Download PDFInfo
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- CN112736391A CN112736391A CN202011489828.XA CN202011489828A CN112736391A CN 112736391 A CN112736391 A CN 112736391A CN 202011489828 A CN202011489828 A CN 202011489828A CN 112736391 A CN112736391 A CN 112736391A
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
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Abstract
The invention discloses a defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line which comprises a differential input end, a differential output end, a coplanar waveguide, an open-circuit branch knot and a complementary open-circuit resonant ring. The differential line provided by the invention can efficiently transmit electromagnetic signals in the substrate integrated waveguide, and simultaneously obtains high common mode rejection degree and high power processing capability, and has the advantages of simple and compact structure, very small circuit area, and great novelty and excellent scientific application value in the design of microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line, and belongs to the technical field of microwave and millimeter waves.
Background
Signal integrity is one of the first problems to be solved in high-speed digital systems, and has become the key to the success of current system designs. Signal integrity refers to the ability of a signal to respond with the correct timing and electricity in a circuit. A circuit has better signal integrity if the signal in the circuit can reach the end of the signal with the required timing, duration and voltage amplitude. Conversely, when a signal does not respond properly, signal integrity problems can occur. In broad terms, the signal integrity problem manifests itself primarily in five aspects: delay, reflection, crosstalk, synchronous switching noise and electromagnetic compatibility. In this respect, the differential line pair has many advantages such as higher bit rate, lower power consumption, better noise performance, more stable reliability, and the like. At present, the application of differential line pairs in high-speed digital circuit design is more and more extensive, and the most critical signals in the circuit are designed by adopting the differential line pairs. The anti-interference capability is strong, and when noise interference exists outside, the noise is almost simultaneously coupled to the two lines, so that the outside common mode noise can be completely offset; the electromagnetic interference can be effectively inhibited, and the electromagnetic fields radiated by the two signals can be mutually counteracted due to the opposite polarities of the two signals; the time sequence is accurately positioned, the differential signals are slightly influenced by the process and the temperature, the error on the time sequence can be reduced, and the method is more suitable for the circuit design of low-amplitude signals.
The substrate integrated waveguide is a novel waveguide structure which can be integrated in a dielectric wafer. The structure is characterized in that a plurality of metallized through holes are arranged in a dielectric substrate at certain intervals to form an alternative structure of the smooth side wall of the waveguide, and surface metal is enclosed to form a quasi-closed waveguide structure, so that the characteristics of low loss, high power capacity and the like of the metal waveguide are maintained. The complementary split ring resonator has the characteristics of high performance, small size and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems existing in the design of the conventional coplanar waveguide differential line, the invention provides a defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line which comprises a differential input end, a differential output end, a coplanar waveguide, an open-circuit branch and a complementary open-circuit resonant ring.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
a defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line comprises a dielectric slab, wherein a substrate integrated waveguide is formed by a metal through hole array on the dielectric slab and metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric slab;
the two sides of the central line of the substrate integrated waveguide are respectively provided with a differential transmission line on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, first to fourth differential ports are formed at the left and right ends of the substrate integrated waveguide, the first and second differential ports positioned at the left end of the substrate integrated waveguide are used as differential input ends, and the third and fourth differential ports positioned at the right end of the substrate integrated waveguide are used as differential output ends; gaps exist between the differential transmission lines and the metal layer on the upper surface of the substrate integrated waveguide, and a coplanar waveguide is formed between the first differential port and the third differential port and between the second differential port and the fourth differential port;
and the complementary open-ended resonant ring and the open-ended branches are symmetrically etched along the central line of the substrate integrated waveguide on the lower surface of the dielectric plate, and the complementary open-ended resonant ring and the open-ended branches on the left side and the right side of the complementary open-ended resonant ring form a defected ground structure.
Furthermore, the differential line comprises two complementary split resonant rings and four open-circuit branches to form two defected ground structures.
Further, a gap exists between the two defected ground structures to control the degree of coupling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
1. the designed product has low insertion loss due to the adoption of the substrate integrated waveguide technologyQHigh value, higher power capacity of product, and improved performance compared with common microstrip transmission lineQThe value, reduced size, is particularly significant at the low frequency end;
2. furthermore, compared with the traditional microstrip differential line, the defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line provided by the invention has a very compact overall structure, greatly reduces the circuit area, and realizes a high common mode rejection degree while obtaining low insertion loss in a wider frequency range. Therefore, the microwave integrated circuit has good advantages and scientific application value in the design of the microwave integrated circuit, and can be widely applied to a wireless communication system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a defectively structured high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single complementary split ring topology with defected ground structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, (a) is an odd mode and (b) is an even mode;
FIG. 3 shows the simulation results of adjusting the common mode rejection bandwidth of the differential line of the defected ground structure substrate integrated waveguide of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the simulation and actual measurement results of S parameters of the differential line of the defected-structure substrate integrated waveguide with high common mode rejection according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure, and after reading the disclosure, all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, a communication between two elements, a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the relevant art according to specific situations. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize the applicability of other processes and/or the use of other materials.
The defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line provided by the invention is a four-port network, and the differential input end (port 1 and port 2) and the differential output end (port 1 'and port 2') are radio frequency ports and can be used reciprocally. The differential input end and the differential output end are excited by using a coplanar waveguide technology, and a ground-signal-ground structure is formed by etching slot lines at two ends of a front metal layer of the substrate integrated waveguide, so that signal transmission is coupled to the substrate integrated waveguide from external media such as micro-strips and the like to play a matching role. The coplanar waveguide technology aims to realize better matching of external signals into the substrate integrated waveguide, and differential signals in the signals are transmitted from one end to the other end through a front metal layer of the substrate integrated waveguide.
Two complementary open-ended resonance rings and four open-ended branches are etched on the metal back of the substrate integrated waveguide along the symmetric surface of the differential signal, the two complementary open-ended resonance rings and the four open-ended branches form two defected ground structure units, and a gap is formed between the two unitsw5 to control the degree of coupling. When common mode signals are excited, the symmetrical plane is equivalent to open circuit, two defected ground structure units are divided into two complementary open resonant rings, when differential mode signals are excited, the symmetrical plane is equivalent to short circuit, one end of each of the two complementary open resonant rings is grounded, and the function is invalid, so that the defected ground structure is invalid under the condition of differential mode.
When common-mode signals are excited, the coupling between two open resonant rings in the complementary open resonant rings determines the relative positions of the two resonant frequencies of the resonant rings, the stronger the coupling, the farther the two frequency points are apart, and the opposite, the weaker the coupling, the closer the two frequency points are apart. The four symmetrically loaded open-circuit branches can be excited under the conditions of a common mode and a differential mode, but the resonance frequency points are different, because under the condition of the differential mode, a symmetrical plane is equivalent to a short-circuit section, the open-circuit branches are equivalent to a section of slot line which is grounded in the middle, under the condition of the common mode, the symmetrical plane is equivalent to a broken-circuit section, the open-circuit branches are equivalent to a section of slot line which is open in the middle, and under the two conditions, the resonance frequency points of the slot lines are different, so that the four open-circuit branches can be controlled respectively. The length of the open-circuit branch affects the transmission of common-mode signals, and the coupling of the two complementary split resonant rings is controlled through the line spacing.
The size of the complementary split resonant ring and the length and the distance of the open-circuit branch sections are changed, so that the resonant frequency point in the common-mode signal can be changed, the required differential-mode signal is not influenced, and a higher common-mode rejection degree can be obtained. Meanwhile, another transmission pole is introduced into the common-mode signal by changing the position of the transmission line, so that the bandwidth of common-mode rejection is enlarged, and the differential-mode signal obtains excellent transmission characteristics including low insertion loss, low return loss, high common-mode rejection degree and the like.
Furthermore, a third common mode resonance frequency point is introduced by adjusting the position of the differential pair transmission line, and the distance from the transmission line to the symmetrical line is changedl4, the position of the third common mode resonance frequency point can be changed, in this case, the resonance frequency of the complementary open resonance loop is not changed, and then the bandwidth of the common mode rejection can be enlarged or reduced by this method.
The embodiment is realized by adopting the following technical scheme that the defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line comprises a differential input end, a differential output end, a coplanar waveguide, an open-circuit branch and a complementary open-circuit resonant ring. The integrated waveguide differential line with the defect structure is a four-port network, the port 1 and the port 2 are differential input pairs, and the port 1 'and the port 2' are differential output pairs. The input and output ports are excited by coplanar waveguide technology. And etching the complementary split resonant ring and the four open-circuit branches of the defected ground structure along the symmetrical plane of the differential signal on the metal back surface of the substrate integrated waveguide. When signals are transmitted in the substrate integrated waveguide, the upper metal layer and the lower metal layer realize an electrical interconnection, and the signals can be excited in the signal transmission process.
The example shown in fig. 1 is merely an example of the defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line provided by the present invention, and different resonant units can be selected according to actual design requirements for the defected ground structure in the defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line provided by the present invention. In addition, polygonal patterns with different sizes and shapes can be etched on the metal plane selectively. Fig. 2 (a) and (b) show the equivalent topologies of the defected ground structure selected in the present invention in common mode and differential mode. Specific physical dimensions exemplified in the present invention are as follows:l 1 = 5.13 mm, l 2 = 5.82 mm , l 3 = 6 mm, l 4 = 3.72 mm, s 1 = 3.9 mm , s 2 = 1.84 mm , s 3 = 10 mm , s 4 = 16 mm, w 1 = 1 mm, w 2 = 0.4 mm, w 3 = 0.5 mm, w 4 = 0.2 mm, w 5 = 1.5 mm, w 6 = 0.4 mm，w 7 = 0.8 mm，d=0.8mm，p=1.2 mm. The selected sheet material was a 5880 sheet material from Rogers, having a thickness of 0.508 and a relative dielectric constant of 2.2.
Due to the adoption of the defected ground structure and the substrate integrated waveguide technology, the microwave differential line with low insertion loss, high common mode rejection degree and high power processing capacity is realized. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, for S-parameter simulation curves of the differential line of the integrated waveguide of the substrate with high common mode rejection, the differential mode signal has an insertion loss of 1.4-2.7 dB within a frequency range of 0.8 GHz-1.8 GHz, the common mode signal is rejected within a frequency range of 1 GHz-1.3 GHz, and the common mode rejection degree is greater than 15dB, as shown in FIG. 3, the position of the first transmission zero point of the common mode signal is changed by adjusting the length of l4, while the other two transmission zero points are unchanged, so that the bandwidth of the common mode rejection can be controlled by changing l 4.
The invention has compact and simple integral structure and small circuit area, and has novelty and excellent scientific application value in the design of microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are merely illustrative and that various changes or modifications may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is only limited by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line is characterized by comprising a dielectric plate, wherein a substrate integrated waveguide is formed by a metal through hole array on the dielectric plate and metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric plate;
the two sides of the central line of the substrate integrated waveguide are respectively provided with a differential transmission line on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, first to fourth differential ports are formed at the left and right ends of the substrate integrated waveguide, the first and second differential ports positioned at the left end of the substrate integrated waveguide are used as differential input ends, and the third and fourth differential ports positioned at the right end of the substrate integrated waveguide are used as differential output ends; gaps exist between the differential transmission lines and the metal layer on the upper surface of the substrate integrated waveguide, and a coplanar waveguide is formed between the first differential port and the third differential port and between the second differential port and the fourth differential port;
and the complementary open-ended resonant ring and the open-ended branches are symmetrically etched along the central line of the substrate integrated waveguide on the lower surface of the dielectric plate, and the complementary open-ended resonant ring and the open-ended branches on the left side and the right side of the complementary open-ended resonant ring form a defected ground structure.
2. The defected ground structure high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line of claim 1, wherein the differential line comprises two complementary split resonant rings and four open stubs forming two defected ground structures.
3. The defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line of claim 2, wherein a gap exists between the two defected ground structures to control the degree of coupling.
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| CN202011489828.XA CN112736391A (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line |
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| CN202011489828.XA CN112736391A (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Defected ground structure type high common mode rejection substrate integrated waveguide differential line |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104936373A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2015-09-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | Circuit board, distribution method of surface-layer difference lines and communication equipment |
| CN105322259A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-02-10 | 南京理工大学 | Differential band-pass filter based on half mode substrate integrated waveguide structure |
| CN105489988A (en) * | 2014-09-20 | 2016-04-13 | 南京理工大学 | Half-mode substrate integrated waveguide structure-based dual-passband differential bandpass filter |
| CN110690543A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-14 | 南京锐码毫米波太赫兹技术研究院有限公司 | Millimeter wave balance band-pass filter with high common-mode rejection |
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2020
- 2020-12-16 CN CN202011489828.XA patent/CN112736391A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104936373A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2015-09-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | Circuit board, distribution method of surface-layer difference lines and communication equipment |
| CN105322259A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-02-10 | 南京理工大学 | Differential band-pass filter based on half mode substrate integrated waveguide structure |
| CN105489988A (en) * | 2014-09-20 | 2016-04-13 | 南京理工大学 | Half-mode substrate integrated waveguide structure-based dual-passband differential bandpass filter |
| CN110690543A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-14 | 南京锐码毫米波太赫兹技术研究院有限公司 | Millimeter wave balance band-pass filter with high common-mode rejection |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 吴边,李斌,梁昌洪: "《一种新型SRR缺陷地面结构低通滤波器》", 《电子与信息学报》 * |
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Application publication date: 20210430 |