CN112736269A - Calibration method and calibration device for default control parameters - Google Patents
Calibration method and calibration device for default control parameters Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04708—Temperature of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04932—Power, energy, capacity or load of the individual fuel cell
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The application provides a calibration method and a calibration device for default control parameters, wherein a first control parameter group is automatically generated to enable parameters to be calibrated to have a reference basis, and subsequently, on the basis of the first control parameter group, a third control parameter group obtained by correcting the first control parameter group through a second control parameter group is used as the default control parameters of a fuel cell system under the output power, so that the workload of parameter calibration of the fuel cell system is reduced, and the calibration efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of calibration of default control parameters of a fuel cell system, in particular to a calibration method and a calibration device of default control parameters
Background
The fuel cell system begins to have certain planning on default control parameters of the system by referring to empirical values, a pile performance curve graph, an air compressor performance curve graph, a water pump performance curve graph and the like in a design matching stage. However, after a new fuel cell system is developed, the control parameters still need to be calibrated in detail, so as to optimize the operating state of each component of the fuel cell system at different output powers by adjusting the parameters of each component of the fuel cell system, so as to achieve the state of low power consumption and stable and reliable system operation.
When the current fuel cell system calibrates the default control parameters, because there is no parameter value available for reference, a worker needs to manually calibrate the default control parameters of each component in the fuel cell system according to his own experience. In the calibration process, when the power of the fuel cell system needs to be adjusted, the hydrogen gas inlet proportional valve, the circulating pump or the hydrogen injection needs to be adjusted, then the rotating speed of the air compressor and the opening degree of the throttle valve are adjusted, then the output power of the system can be adjusted, finally the rotating speed of a cooling liquid pump and the rotating speed of a fan of the fuel cell system need to be adjusted, and if an electronic thermostat exists in the system, the opening degree of the electronic thermostat is also adjusted, so that the change of one working condition of the fuel cell system can be completed. Similarly, if the system is shut down, it is necessary to shut down these components after the output is shut down, respectively, to ensure that the system is completely shut down.
Through the operation, the optimal operation parameters of the fuel cell system can be gradually found out, but the efficiency is low, and a large amount of time is consumed for manually changing the parameters, so that the debugging efficiency of the fuel cell system is reduced. And if the staff with less experience is used, the approximate range of the operation parameters of each part under each working condition is difficult to judge under the condition of no reference condition, so that the debugging is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a calibration method for default control parameters, which can effectively solve the technical problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a calibration method of default control parameters is applied to a fuel cell system and comprises the following steps:
and determining the output power of the electric pile.
And generating a first control parameter group corresponding to the fuel cell system under the output power.
And controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to the first control parameter group.
And acquiring a second control parameter group, wherein the second control parameter group is a correction parameter group determined according to the condition that the fuel cell system operates according to the first control parameter group.
And correcting the first control parameter group according to the second control parameter group to obtain a third control parameter group, and calibrating the third control parameter group as a default control parameter of the fuel cell system under the output power.
Optionally, the parameters in the first control parameter group at least include: a first air compressor speed parameter.
Generating a first set of control parameters corresponding to the fuel cell system at the output power, comprising:
the air demand and the pressure of the air at the output power are obtained.
And generating a first air compressor rotating speed parameter according to the air demand and the pressure of the air under the output power.
Optionally, acquiring the air demand includes:
and determining the current corresponding to the output power.
The molar mass of hydrogen was calculated from the current.
Calculating the required molar mass of oxygen based on the molar mass of hydrogen.
And calculating the air demand according to the required oxygen molar mass and an air excess coefficient.
Optionally, the first control parameter group further includes: at least one of a water pump rotating speed parameter, a hydrogen pressure parameter, a fan rotating speed parameter, a throttle opening parameter, a hydrogen discharge valve opening and closing frequency parameter and a drain valve opening and closing frequency parameter.
Generating a first set of control parameters corresponding to the fuel cell system at the output power, further comprising:
and acquiring a preset water pump rotating speed as the water pump rotating speed parameter.
And/or acquiring a preset hydrogen pressure as a hydrogen pressure parameter.
And/or acquiring a preset fan rotating speed as a fan rotating speed parameter.
And/or acquiring a preset throttle opening as a throttle opening parameter.
And/or acquiring preset opening and closing frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve as the opening and closing frequency parameter of the hydrogen exhaust valve.
And/or acquiring preset opening and closing frequency of the drain valve as a parameter of the opening and closing frequency of the drain valve.
Optionally, the second control parameter group includes a second air compressor rotation speed parameter, and acquiring the second control parameter group includes:
and acquiring the output voltage and current of the electric pile under the output power.
And when the output voltage and the output current are determined to fluctuate, acquiring a second air compressor rotating speed parameter, wherein the parameter value of the second air compressor rotating speed parameter is larger than that of the first air compressor rotating speed parameter.
Optionally, the modifying the first control parameter group according to the second control parameter group to obtain a third control parameter group includes:
and replacing the parameter value of the corresponding parameter in the first control parameter group with the parameter value of at least one parameter in the second parameter group.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a calibration device of default control parameters, which is applied to a fuel cell system and comprises the following components:
and the output power determining module is used for determining the output power of the electric pile.
And the generating module is used for generating a first control parameter group corresponding to the fuel cell system under the output power.
And the control module is used for controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to the first control parameter group.
An obtaining module is configured to obtain a second control parameter set, where the second control parameter set is a correction parameter set determined according to a situation where the fuel cell system operates according to the first control parameter set.
And the default control parameter calibration module is used for correcting the first control parameter group according to the second control parameter group, acquiring a third control parameter group, and calibrating the third control parameter group as the default control parameter of the fuel cell system under the output power.
Optionally, the parameters in the first control parameter group at least include: a first air compressor speed parameter.
The generating module is specifically configured to obtain a demand for air and a pressure of the air at the output power. And generating a first air compressor rotating speed parameter according to the air demand and the pressure of the air under the output power.
Optionally, the generating module is further configured to determine a current corresponding to the output power. The molar mass of hydrogen was calculated from the current. Calculating the required molar mass of oxygen based on the molar mass of hydrogen. And calculating the air demand according to the required oxygen molar mass and an air excess coefficient.
Optionally, the obtaining module is specifically configured to obtain an output voltage and an output current of the stack under the output power. And when the output voltage and the output current are determined to fluctuate, acquiring a second air compressor rotating speed parameter, wherein the parameter value of the second air compressor rotating speed parameter is larger than that of the first air compressor rotating speed parameter.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention at least has the following advantages:
the invention provides a calibration method and a calibration device of default control parameters, wherein the calibration method is applied to a fuel cell system and comprises the following steps: and determining the output power of the electric pile. And generating a first control parameter group corresponding to the fuel cell system under the output power. And controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to the first control parameter group. And acquiring a second control parameter group, wherein the second control parameter group is a correction parameter group determined according to the condition that the fuel cell system operates according to the first control parameter group. And correcting the first control parameter group according to the second control parameter group to obtain a third control parameter group, and calibrating the third control parameter group as a default control parameter of the fuel cell system under the output power.
According to the invention, the first control parameter group is automatically generated, so that the parameter calibration has a reference basis, and then on the basis of the first control parameter group, the third control parameter group obtained by correcting the first control parameter group through the second control parameter group is used as the default control parameter of the fuel cell system under the output power, so that the workload of parameter calibration of the fuel cell system is reduced, and the calibration efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for calibrating default control parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a calibration apparatus for default control parameters according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As described in the background art, the fuel cell system begins to have a certain plan of default control parameters of the system with reference to empirical values, a stack performance curve, an air compressor performance curve, a water pump performance curve and the like in a design matching stage. However, after a new fuel cell system is developed, the control parameters still need to be calibrated in detail, so as to optimize the operating state of each component of the fuel cell system at different output powers by adjusting the parameters of each component of the fuel cell system, so as to achieve the state of low power consumption and stable and reliable system operation.
When the current fuel cell system calibrates the default control parameters, because there is no parameter value available for reference, a worker needs to manually calibrate the default control parameters of each component in the fuel cell system according to his own experience. In the calibration process, when the power of the fuel cell system needs to be adjusted, the hydrogen gas inlet proportional valve, the circulating pump or the hydrogen injection needs to be adjusted, then the rotating speed of the air compressor and the opening degree of the throttle valve are adjusted, then the output power of the system can be adjusted, finally the rotating speed of a cooling liquid pump and the rotating speed of a fan of the fuel cell system need to be adjusted, and if an electronic thermostat exists in the system, the opening degree of the electronic thermostat is also adjusted, so that the change of one working condition of the fuel cell system can be completed. Similarly, if the system is shut down, it is necessary to shut down these components after the output is shut down, respectively, to ensure that the system is completely shut down.
Through the operation, the optimal operation parameters of the fuel cell system can be gradually found out, but the efficiency is low, and a large amount of time is consumed for manually changing the parameters, so that the debugging efficiency of the fuel cell system is reduced. And if the staff with less experience is used, the approximate range of the operation parameters of each part under each working condition is difficult to judge under the condition of no reference condition, so that the debugging is inconvenient.
Based on this, the present application provides a calibration method and a calibration apparatus for default control parameters, where the calibration method is applied to a fuel cell system, and includes: determining the output power of the electric pile; generating a first control parameter group corresponding to the fuel cell system under the output power; controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to the first control parameter set; acquiring a second control parameter group, wherein the second control parameter group is a correction parameter group determined according to the condition that the fuel cell system operates according to the first control parameter group; and correcting the first control parameter group according to the second control parameter group to obtain a third control parameter group, and calibrating the third control parameter group as a default control parameter of the fuel cell system under the output power.
As can be seen from the above, in the present application, the first control parameter group is automatically generated, so that the parameter calibration has a reference basis, and subsequently, on the basis of the first control parameter group, the third control parameter group obtained by correcting the first control parameter group through the second control parameter group is used as the default control parameter of the fuel cell system under the output power, so that the workload of parameter calibration of the fuel cell system is reduced, and the calibration efficiency is improved.
To achieve the above object, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, specifically with reference to fig. 1 to 2.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for calibrating default control parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
A calibration method of default control parameters is applied to a fuel cell system and comprises the following steps:
and determining the output power of the electric pile.
And generating a first control parameter group corresponding to the fuel cell system under the output power.
And controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to the first control parameter group.
And acquiring a second control parameter group, wherein the second control parameter group is a correction parameter group determined according to the condition that the fuel cell system operates according to the first control parameter group.
And correcting the first control parameter group according to the second control parameter group to obtain a third control parameter group, and calibrating the third control parameter group as a default control parameter of the fuel cell system under the output power.
It should be noted that:
the fuel cell system is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system in the application, and is a device for generating electricity by using hydrogen and oxygen in air, and the system comprises an air supply system, a hydrogen supply system, a thermal management system, a voltage regulation system, a control system and the like.
The fuel cell stack is a core component of a fuel cell system, and is an energy conversion device which can generate electric energy, heat and water by introducing hydrogen and air into corresponding air inlets.
The calibration method of the default control parameter is particularly applied to a controller of a fuel cell system.
The output power of the electric pile is any one of a plurality of output powers needing to be calibrated.
Generating a first set of control parameters corresponding to the fuel cell system at the output power, comprising: the controller of the fuel cell system generates a first control parameter set corresponding to the fuel cell system at the output power.
Obtaining a second set of control parameters comprising: the controller of the fuel cell system receives a second control parameter set input from outside.
After the default control parameters corresponding to each output power of the galvanic pile are calibrated, the default control parameters corresponding to each output power of the galvanic pile are stored and are synchronized into a reference table of an automatic operation module of the controller. After synchronization is complete, the autorun module can select whether to activate the autorun mode. And after the selective activation, the subsequent fuel cell system operates again, and the subsequent fuel cell system operates according to the default control parameters corresponding to each output power of the electric pile.
It is understood that the present embodiment automatically generates the first control parameter set as the base reference parameter set by the controller of the fuel cell system according to the determined output power of the stack when calibrating the default control parameters of the fuel cell system. Then controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to the first control parameter group; when the fuel cell system runs, a worker determines at least one control parameter needing to be corrected according to the running condition of the fuel cell system, inputs a second control parameter group containing the at least one control parameter into the controller, and corrects the control parameter corresponding to the first control parameter group through the at least one control parameter in the second control parameter group to obtain a third control parameter group. And the third control parameter group is calibrated to be the default control parameter of the fuel cell system under the output power, so that the workload of parameter calibration of the fuel cell system is reduced, and the calibration efficiency is improved.
In an embodiment of the present application, the parameters in the first control parameter group at least include: a first air compressor speed parameter.
Generating a first set of control parameters corresponding to the fuel cell system at the output power, comprising:
the air demand and the pressure of the air at the output power are obtained.
And generating a first air compressor rotating speed parameter according to the air demand and the pressure of the air under the output power.
It should be noted that:
the air compressor is a device for increasing the flow rate and pressure of air in the fuel cell system, and can raise the pressure of air having a pressure of atmospheric pressure and then supply the air to the stack.
Acquiring the pressure of the air at the output power comprises: and inquiring an output power/air pressure map according to the output power to determine the air pressure under the output power. The output power/air pressure map records the air pressure corresponding to each output power of the stack. The output power/air pressure map is provided by the galvanic pile manufacturer.
Generating a first air compressor speed parameter according to the air demand and the pressure of the air under the output power, comprising: and inquiring an air compressor rotation speed map according to the air demand and the air pressure under the output power to obtain a first air compressor rotation speed parameter. The air compressor rotating speed map records air compressor rotating speeds corresponding to air demand amounts and air pressures.
In an embodiment of the present application, acquiring the air demand includes:
and determining the current corresponding to the output power.
The molar mass of hydrogen was calculated from the current.
Calculating the required molar mass of oxygen based on the molar mass of hydrogen.
And calculating the air demand according to the required oxygen molar mass and an air excess coefficient.
It should be noted that:
determining a current corresponding to the output power, including: and inquiring a curve corresponding to the current and the power according to the power to obtain the current corresponding to the output power. The corresponding curves of the current and the power are provided by manufacturers.
Calculating the molar mass of hydrogen from the current, comprising: using the formula: and calculating the molar quantity (mol/s) of hydrogen by I/(2F), wherein Q is the molar quantity of hydrogen, I is the current corresponding to the output power, and F is a Faraday constant and takes 96485C/mol.
Calculating the required molar mass of oxygen based on the molar mass of hydrogen, comprising: and calculating the required oxygen molar mass as Q/2 according to a reaction formula of the hydrogen and the oxygen.
Calculating the air demand according to the required oxygen molar mass and an air excess coefficient, and comprising: according to formula QAir (a)Calculating the air demand by lambda ((Q/2) × 22.4 × 60)/0.21, wherein Q isAir (a)The unit is L/min, which is the demand of air; q/2 is the required oxygen molar mass and the unit is mol/s; lambda is the air excess coefficient; 22.4 is the gas standard-condition molar volume constant, and the unit is L/mol; 60 is a time conversion factor, and 0.21 is a volume ratio of oxygen in air.
In an embodiment of the present application, the first control parameter set further includes: at least one of a water pump rotating speed parameter, a hydrogen pressure parameter, a fan rotating speed parameter, a throttle opening parameter, a hydrogen discharge valve opening and closing frequency parameter and a drain valve opening and closing frequency parameter.
Generating a first set of control parameters corresponding to the fuel cell system at the output power, further comprising:
and acquiring a preset water pump rotating speed as the water pump rotating speed parameter.
And/or acquiring a preset hydrogen pressure as a hydrogen pressure parameter.
And/or acquiring a preset fan rotating speed as a fan rotating speed parameter.
And/or acquiring a preset throttle opening as a throttle opening parameter.
And/or acquiring preset opening and closing frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve as the opening and closing frequency parameter of the hydrogen exhaust valve.
And/or acquiring preset opening and closing frequency of the drain valve as a parameter of the opening and closing frequency of the drain valve.
It should be noted that:
the throttle valve is a valve installed at an air outlet of the fuel cell system to control the size of the air outlet, and the air pressure of the fuel cell system is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the throttle valve to adjust the size of the air outlet.
The hydrogen discharging valve is a valve for discharging hydrogen in the fuel cell system out of the system, and because certain impurities enter the hydrogen through the galvanic pile when the fuel cell system is in operation, the hydrogen discharging valve discharges the hydrogen containing the impurities at intervals, so that the amount of the impurities contained in the hydrogen in the fuel cell system is reduced.
The drain valve is a valve that drains liquid water out of the fuel cell system. Specifically, a certain amount of liquid water is carried out from the inside of the electric pile by the unreacted hydrogen, the liquid water is collected in a space for storing the liquid water after passing through the water separator, and the liquid water is discharged through a water discharge valve at intervals.
The water pump rotation speed parameter is the lowest rotation speed of the water pump when the water pump starts to operate at the output power, for example, the water pump rotation speed parameter may be 40% of the total rotation speed of the water pump. Along with the operation of the fuel cell system, when the actual temperature difference of the water inlet and the water outlet of the galvanic pile is larger than the preset temperature difference threshold value of the water inlet and the water outlet, the rotating speed of the water pump is controlled to increase by the controller on the basis of the rotating speed parameter of the water pump.
And the hydrogen pressure parameter is used for automatically adjusting the actual pressure of the hydrogen in real time through PID control according to the preset hydrogen pressure when the fuel cell system runs.
And the fan rotating speed parameter is used for automatically controlling the actual rotating speed of the fan in real time through PID control according to the preset fan rotating speed when the fuel cell system runs.
The "preset temperature difference of the stack, the preset hydrogen pressure, the preset fan speed, the preset throttle opening, the preset opening and closing frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve or the preset opening and closing frequency of the water discharge valve" is stored in the controller by a technician in advance. It does not do the injecive in this application to "predetermine the pile difference in temperature, predetermine hydrogen pressure, predetermine fan speed, predetermine throttle opening, predetermined hydrogen discharge valve open close frequency and predetermined drain valve open close frequency" concrete value, to this can set up according to actual need.
In an embodiment of the present application, the second control parameter group includes a second air compressor rotation speed parameter, and the obtaining the second control parameter group includes:
and acquiring the output voltage and current of the electric pile under the output power.
And when the output voltage and the output current are determined to fluctuate, acquiring a second air compressor rotating speed parameter, wherein the parameter value of the second air compressor rotating speed parameter is larger than that of the first air compressor rotating speed parameter.
It should be noted that:
acquiring output voltage and current of the electric pile under the output power; if the output voltage and the current fluctuate, the problem of the gas supply state of the electric pile is shown, the rotating speed of the air compressor needs to be increased, and other parameters are kept unchanged. After the rotating speed parameter of the air compressor is corrected to be the second rotating speed parameter of the air compressor, if the fuel system operates again and the output voltage and the current of the electric pile under the output power are obtained again to be in a stable state, the control parameter calibration of the output power point of the fuel cell system is considered to be completed, and the current control parameters of the fuel cell system are automatically stored in an automatic operation parameter table to be used as default control parameters corresponding to the output power.
In an embodiment of the present application, the modifying the first control parameter group according to the second control parameter group to obtain a third control parameter group includes:
and replacing the parameter value of the corresponding parameter in the first control parameter group with the parameter value of at least one parameter in the second parameter group.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention further provides a calibration apparatus for default control parameters, applied to a fuel cell system, including:
and the output power determining module is used for determining the output power of the electric pile.
And the generating module is used for generating a first control parameter group corresponding to the fuel cell system under the output power.
And the control module is used for controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to the first control parameter group.
An obtaining module is configured to obtain a second control parameter set, where the second control parameter set is a correction parameter set determined according to a situation where the fuel cell system operates according to the first control parameter set.
And the default control parameter calibration module is used for correcting the first control parameter group according to the second control parameter group, acquiring a third control parameter group, and calibrating the third control parameter group as the default control parameter of the fuel cell system under the output power.
It should be noted that:
the fuel cell system is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system in the application, and is a device for generating electricity by using hydrogen and oxygen in air, and the system comprises an air supply system, a hydrogen supply system, a thermal management system, a voltage regulation system, a control system and the like.
The fuel cell stack is a core component of a fuel cell system, and is an energy conversion device which can generate electric energy, heat and water by introducing hydrogen and air into corresponding air inlets.
The calibration device of the default control parameter is specifically arranged on a controller of the fuel cell system.
The output power of the electric pile is any one of a plurality of output powers needing to be calibrated.
Generating a first set of control parameters corresponding to the fuel cell system at the output power, comprising: the controller of the fuel cell system generates a first control parameter set corresponding to the fuel cell system at the output power.
Obtaining a second set of control parameters comprising: the controller of the fuel cell system receives a second control parameter set input from outside.
After the default control parameters corresponding to each output power of the galvanic pile are calibrated, the default control parameters corresponding to each output power of the galvanic pile are stored and are synchronized into a reference table of an automatic operation module of the controller. After synchronization is complete, the autorun module can select whether to activate the autorun mode. And after the selective activation, the subsequent fuel cell system operates again, and the subsequent fuel cell system operates according to the default control parameters corresponding to each output power of the electric pile.
In an embodiment of the present application, the parameters in the first control parameter group at least include: a first air compressor speed parameter;
the generating module is specifically used for acquiring air demand and air pressure under the output power; and generating a first air compressor rotating speed parameter according to the air demand and the pressure of the air under the output power.
It should be noted that:
the air compressor is a device for increasing the flow rate and pressure of air in the fuel cell system, and can raise the pressure of air having a pressure of atmospheric pressure and then supply the air to the stack.
Acquiring the pressure of the air at the output power comprises: and inquiring an output power/air pressure map according to the output power to determine the air pressure under the output power. The output power/air pressure map records the air pressure corresponding to each output power of the stack. The output power/air pressure map is provided by the galvanic pile manufacturer.
Generating a first air compressor speed parameter according to the air demand and the pressure of the air under the output power, comprising: and inquiring an air compressor rotation speed map according to the air demand and the air pressure under the output power to obtain a first air compressor rotation speed parameter. The air compressor rotating speed map records air compressor rotating speeds corresponding to air demand amounts and air pressures.
In an embodiment of the application, the generating module is further configured to determine a current corresponding to the output power. The molar mass of hydrogen was calculated from the current. Calculating the required molar mass of oxygen based on the molar mass of hydrogen. And calculating the air demand according to the required oxygen molar mass and an air excess coefficient.
It should be noted that:
determining a current corresponding to the output power, including: and inquiring a curve corresponding to the current and the power according to the power to obtain the current corresponding to the output power. The corresponding curves of the current and the power are provided by manufacturers.
Calculating the molar mass of hydrogen from the current, comprising: using the formula: and calculating the molar quantity of the hydrogen by taking Q as I/(2F), wherein Q is the molar quantity of the hydrogen, I is the current corresponding to the output power, and F is a Faraday constant and takes 96485C/mol.
Calculating the required molar mass of oxygen based on the molar mass of hydrogen, comprising: and calculating the required oxygen molar mass as Q/2 according to a reaction formula of the hydrogen and the oxygen.
Calculating the air demand according to the required oxygen molar mass and an air excess coefficient, and comprising: the method comprises the following steps: according to formula QAir (a)Calculating the air demand by lambda ((Q/2) × 22.4 × 60)/0.21, wherein Q isAir (a)The unit is L/min, which is the demand of air; q/2 is the oxygen molar requiredMass, unit is mol/s; lambda is the air excess coefficient; 22.4 is the gas standard-condition molar volume constant, and the unit is L/mol; 60 is a time conversion factor, and 0.21 is a volume ratio of oxygen in air.
In an embodiment of the present application, the obtaining module is specifically configured to obtain an output voltage and an output current of the stack at the output power. And when the output voltage and the output current are determined to fluctuate, acquiring a second air compressor rotating speed parameter, wherein the parameter value of the second air compressor rotating speed parameter is larger than that of the first air compressor rotating speed parameter.
It should be noted that:
acquiring output voltage and current of the electric pile under the output power; if the output voltage and the current fluctuate, the problem of the gas supply state of the electric pile is shown, the rotating speed of the air compressor needs to be increased, and other parameters are kept unchanged. After the rotating speed parameter of the air compressor is corrected to be the second rotating speed parameter of the air compressor, if the fuel system operates again and the output voltage and the current of the electric pile under the output power are obtained again to be in a stable state, the control parameter calibration of the output power point of the fuel cell system is considered to be completed, and the current control parameters of the fuel cell system are automatically stored in an automatic operation parameter table to be used as default control parameters corresponding to the output power.
An embodiment of the present application provides a specific calibration process of default control parameters, including:
in a 60kW fuel cell system, the output power of a stack under an idle operation condition of the fuel cell system is determined to be 12kW according to calculation, and a controller of the fuel cell system generates a first control parameter group corresponding to the fuel cell system under the output power, wherein the first control parameter group comprises: the control system comprises a first air compressor rotating speed parameter, a water pump rotating speed parameter, a fan rotating speed parameter, a throttle valve opening degree parameter, a hydrogen pressure parameter, a hydrogen discharge valve opening and closing frequency parameter and a drain valve opening and closing frequency parameter. Wherein the rotating speed parameter of the first air compressor is 20000 rpm; the water pump rotating speed parameter is 30% of the total rotating speed; the fan rotating speed parameter is 0; the throttle opening parameter is 95%; the hydrogen pressure parameter is 30 kPa; the opening and closing frequency parameter of the hydrogen discharge valve is 0.3/60; the opening and closing frequency parameter of the drain valve is 0.3/20.
Connecting the fuel cell system to a test bench for debugging, starting the fuel cell system, and controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to the first control parameter group. After the parameters of each part reach corresponding set parameters in the first control parameter group, starting to load the power of the galvanic pile, and acquiring the output voltage and current of the galvanic pile under the output power when the output power of the galvanic pile reaches 12 kW; if the output voltage and the current fluctuate, the problem of the gas supply state of the electric pile is shown, the rotating speed of the air compressor needs to be increased, and other parameters are kept unchanged. After the rotating speed parameter of the air compressor is corrected to 22000rpm, if the output voltage and the current of the electric pile under the output power are in a stable state when the fuel system operates again, the calibration of the control parameter of the output power point of the fuel cell system is considered to be completed, and the current control parameters of the fuel cell system are automatically stored in an automatic operation parameter table to serve as default control parameters corresponding to the output power.
And adjusting the default control parameters of the fuel cell system under each output power of the electric pile one by one according to the steps to finish the calibration of the default control parameters of the fuel cell system.
In the calibration process, because the corresponding parameters of each part in the first control parameter group in the fuel cell system are automatically generated by the controller, when the default control parameters corresponding to the output power of the galvanic pile are calibrated, the parameters of each part do not need to be set one by workers, and the time required in the debugging process can be greatly saved.
Meanwhile, if the tester knows the fuel cell system insufficiently, the first control parameter group can provide a parameter adjustment range, and the calibration of the default control parameters of the fuel cell system can be performed by finely adjusting the parameters corresponding to the parts near the parameters included in the first control parameter group. The difficulty of fuel cell system calibration is reduced.
All parts in the specification are described in a mode of combining parallel and progressive, each part is mainly described to be different from other parts, and the same and similar parts among all parts can be referred to each other.
In the above description of the disclosed embodiments, features described in various embodiments in this specification can be substituted for or combined with each other to enable those skilled in the art to make or use the present application. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
It is further noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (10)
1. A calibration method of default control parameters is applied to a fuel cell system and comprises the following steps:
determining the output power of the electric pile;
generating a first control parameter group corresponding to the fuel cell system under the output power;
controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to the first control parameter set;
acquiring a second control parameter group, wherein the second control parameter group is a correction parameter group determined according to the condition that the fuel cell system operates according to the first control parameter group;
and correcting the first control parameter group according to the second control parameter group to obtain a third control parameter group, and calibrating the third control parameter group as a default control parameter of the fuel cell system under the output power.
2. A calibration method according to claim 1, wherein the parameters in the first set of control parameters comprise at least: a first air compressor speed parameter;
generating a first set of control parameters corresponding to the fuel cell system at the output power, comprising:
acquiring air demand and air pressure under the output power;
and generating a first air compressor rotating speed parameter according to the air demand and the pressure of the air under the output power.
3. The calibration method of claim 2, wherein obtaining the air demand comprises:
determining a current corresponding to the output power;
calculating the molar mass of hydrogen according to the current;
calculating the required molar mass of oxygen according to the molar mass of the hydrogen;
and calculating the air demand according to the required oxygen molar mass and an air excess coefficient.
4. A calibration method according to claim 2, wherein the first set of control parameters further comprises: at least one of a water pump rotating speed parameter, a hydrogen pressure parameter, a fan rotating speed parameter, a throttle opening parameter, a hydrogen discharge valve opening and closing frequency parameter and a drain valve opening and closing frequency parameter;
generating a first set of control parameters corresponding to the fuel cell system at the output power, further comprising:
acquiring a preset water pump rotating speed as a water pump rotating speed parameter;
and/or acquiring preset hydrogen pressure as a hydrogen pressure parameter;
and/or acquiring a preset fan rotating speed as a fan rotating speed parameter;
and/or acquiring a preset throttle opening as a throttle opening parameter;
and/or acquiring preset opening and closing frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve as an opening and closing frequency parameter of the hydrogen discharge valve;
and/or acquiring preset opening and closing frequency of the drain valve as a parameter of the opening and closing frequency of the drain valve.
5. The calibration method according to claim 2, wherein the second control parameter set includes a second air compressor speed parameter, and the obtaining the second control parameter set includes:
acquiring output voltage and current of the electric pile under the output power;
and when the output voltage and the output current are determined to fluctuate, acquiring a second air compressor rotating speed parameter, wherein the parameter value of the second air compressor rotating speed parameter is larger than that of the first air compressor rotating speed parameter.
6. The calibration method according to claim 1, wherein the correcting the first control parameter group according to the second control parameter group to obtain a third control parameter group comprises:
and replacing the parameter value of the corresponding parameter in the first control parameter group with the parameter value of at least one parameter in the second parameter group.
7. A calibration device for default control parameters is applied to a fuel cell system and comprises:
the output power determining module is used for determining the output power of the electric pile;
the generating module is used for generating a first control parameter group corresponding to the fuel cell system under the output power;
the control module is used for controlling the fuel cell system to operate according to the first control parameter group;
an obtaining module, configured to obtain a second control parameter set, where the second control parameter set is a correction parameter set determined according to a situation that the fuel cell system operates according to the first control parameter set;
and the default control parameter calibration module is used for correcting the first control parameter group according to the second control parameter group, acquiring a third control parameter group, and calibrating the third control parameter group as the default control parameter of the fuel cell system under the output power.
8. Calibration arrangement according to claim 7, wherein the parameters of the first set of control parameters comprise at least: a first air compressor speed parameter;
the generating module is specifically used for acquiring air demand and air pressure under the output power; and generating a first air compressor rotating speed parameter according to the air demand and the pressure of the air under the output power.
9. The calibration apparatus as recited in claim 8, wherein the generating module is further configured to determine a current corresponding to the output power; calculating the molar mass of hydrogen according to the current; calculating the required molar mass of oxygen according to the molar mass of the hydrogen; and calculating the air demand according to the required oxygen molar mass and an air excess coefficient.
10. The calibration device according to claim 7, wherein the obtaining module is specifically configured to obtain an output voltage and an output current of the stack at the output power; and when the output voltage and the output current are determined to fluctuate, acquiring a second air compressor rotating speed parameter, wherein the parameter value of the second air compressor rotating speed parameter is larger than that of the first air compressor rotating speed parameter.
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