CN110649288A - Air supply system and method for proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Google Patents
Air supply system and method for proton exchange membrane fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN110649288A CN110649288A CN201910945582.3A CN201910945582A CN110649288A CN 110649288 A CN110649288 A CN 110649288A CN 201910945582 A CN201910945582 A CN 201910945582A CN 110649288 A CN110649288 A CN 110649288A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04447—Concentration; Density of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention provides an air supply system and method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, wherein one end of a purging branch is connected between an air inlet device and a humidifier, the other end of the purging branch is connected on a cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a first flow regulating device is arranged on the purging branch, a motor controller is used for regulating the first flow regulating device when the surging phenomenon of an air compressor is monitored, so that part of air is controlled by the first flow regulating device to enter the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell through the purging branch, the air entering the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell leads to the reduction of the air entering a fuel cell stack, the rotating speed of the air compressor is correspondingly required to be increased, the air compressor is enabled to jump out of a surging area, and the jump out of the surging area means that the surging phenomenon is eliminated by the air compressor, thereby solving the problem that the air compressor, the air compressor is damaged, and the cycle service life of the air compressor is influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to an air supply system and method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Background
At present, in an air supply system of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, air is provided to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell by an air compressor, so that elements in the air convert chemical energy into electric energy through chemical reaction. However, when the amount of air entering the proton exchange membrane fuel cell through the air compressor is insufficient, the phenomenon that the air compressor starts to oscillate is easily caused. The phenomenon that the air compressor vibrates immediately can damage the air compressor and influence the cycle service life of the air compressor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an air supply system and method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which are used to solve the problem that when an air compressor starts vibrating, the air compressor is damaged, and the cycle life of the air compressor is affected. The technical scheme is as follows:
the invention provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell air supply system, which comprises:
air inlet unit, machine controller, humidifier, its characterized in that, the system still includes: a first flow regulating device and a purging branch;
one end of the purging branch is connected between the air inlet device and the humidifier, and the other end of the purging branch is connected to a cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell;
the first flow regulating device is arranged on the purging branch;
the motor controller is used for adjusting the first flow adjusting device when the surge phenomenon of the air compressor is monitored, so that part of air enters the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell through the purging branch by the first flow adjusting device.
Preferably, the system further comprises: the hydrogen concentration sensor is connected with the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell;
the hydrogen concentration sensor is used for detecting the hydrogen concentration value in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell; the motor controller is further used for adjusting the adjusting amount of the first flow adjusting device according to the detected hydrogen concentration value.
Preferably, the motor controller is specifically configured to increase the adjustment amount of the first flow rate adjustment device and maintain the increased adjustment amount to increase the air flow rate passing through the first flow rate adjustment device if the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is greater than the previous hydrogen concentration value, and is specifically configured to decrease the adjustment amount of the first flow rate adjustment device and maintain the decreased adjustment amount to decrease the air flow rate passing through the first flow rate adjustment device if the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is less than the previous hydrogen concentration value.
Preferably, the system further comprises: a throttle valve connected between the humidifier and an air outlet of the pem fuel cell, a first mass flow calculation device located on the purge branch and located after the first flow adjustment device, and a second mass flow calculation device connected to the air compressor, the air compressor connected to the motor controller;
the motor controller is further configured to control the rotation speed of the air compressor and adjust the opening of the throttle valve based on the rotation speed of the air compressor based on the difference between the air flow rates obtained by the first mass flow rate calculation device and the second mass flow rate calculation device.
Preferably, the motor controller is specifically configured to increase the opening degree of the throttle valve and maintain the increased opening degree if the current rotation speed of the air compressor is greater than a previous rotation speed, and configured to decrease the opening degree of the throttle valve and maintain the decreased opening degree if the current rotation speed of the air compressor is less than the previous rotation speed.
The invention also provides an air supply method for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
detecting the working state of the air compressor;
if the surge phenomenon of the air compressor is detected, adjusting a first flow adjusting device on the purging branch to enable part of air to enter a cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell;
and if the air compressor is detected to be in a normal working state, forbidding to adjust the first flow regulating device on the purging branch.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
determining the rotating speed of the air compressor based on the difference value of the first mass flow calculating device and the second mass flow calculating device, and adjusting the current rotating speed of the air compressor to the determined rotating speed;
and adjusting the opening of the throttle valve based on the rotating speed of the air compressor.
Preferably, the adjusting the opening degree of the throttle valve based on the rotation speed of the air compressor includes:
if the current rotating speed of the air compressor is greater than the previous rotating speed, increasing the opening degree of the throttle valve and maintaining the increased opening degree;
and if the current rotating speed of the air compressor is less than the previous rotating speed, reducing the opening of the throttle valve and maintaining the reduced opening.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
acquiring a hydrogen concentration value in a cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell detected by a hydrogen sensor;
adjusting the adjustment amount of the first flow rate adjustment device on the purge branch based on the hydrogen concentration value.
Preferably, the adjusting the adjustment amount of the first flow rate adjustment device on the purge branch based on the hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor includes:
if the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is greater than the previous hydrogen concentration value, increasing the adjustment amount of the first flow regulating device and maintaining the increased adjustment amount so as to increase the air flow passing through the first flow regulating device;
and if the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is smaller than the previous hydrogen concentration value, reducing the adjustment amount of the first flow regulating device and maintaining the reduced adjustment amount so as to reduce the air flow passing through the first flow regulating device.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following advantages:
one end of the purging branch is connected between the air inlet device and the humidifier, the other end of the purging branch is connected on the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the first flow regulating device is arranged on the purging branch, the motor controller, when the surge phenomenon of the air compressor is monitored, the first flow regulating device is regulated to control part of air to enter the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell through the purging branch by the first flow regulating device, the air entering the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell leads to the reduction of the air entering the fuel cell stack, the corresponding need to increase the rotating speed of the air compressor leads the air compressor to jump out of the surge area, and the jump out of the surge area means that the surge phenomenon is eliminated by the air compressor, therefore, the problem that the air compressor is damaged and the cycle service life of the air compressor is influenced when the phenomenon of vibration kicking occurs to the air compressor is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air supply system of a PEMFC according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for supplying air to a PEMFC according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another method for supplying air to a PEM fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating adjusting the adjustment amount of the second flow rate adjustment device based on the rotational speed of the air compressor according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of yet another method for supplying air to a PEM fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating adjusting the adjustment amount of the first flow rate adjustment device in the purge branch based on the hydrogen concentration value according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an air supply system and method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which are used for solving the problem that when the air compressor is subjected to time-kick vibration, the air compressor is damaged, and the cycle service life of the air compressor is influenced.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an air supply system of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to the present invention is shown, which may include: the air intake device 100, the motor controller 101, the humidifier 102, the first flow regulating device 103 and the purge branch 104 are connected as follows:
one end of the purging branch 104 is connected between the air inlet device 100 and the humidifier 102, the other end of the purging branch 104 is connected to the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the first flow regulating device 103 and the first mass flow calculating device are sequentially arranged on the purging branch 104.
Based on the connection relationship, the embodiment of the invention discloses a proton exchange membrane fuel cell air supply system which is realized as follows:
by connecting one end of the purging branch 104 between the air inlet 100 and the humidifier 102, and connecting the other end of the purging branch 104 to the cavity of the pem fuel cell, the external air passes through the air inlet 100 and then is humidified by the humidifier 102, i.e. the external air is humidified by a certain humidity. It should be noted that the first flow rate adjusting device 103 includes, but is not limited to, a regulating valve, and the specific setting can be performed according to actual situations.
The motor controller 101 is configured to, when it is detected that the air compressor starts oscillating, open the first flow rate adjustment device 103, so that a part of air enters the fuel cell stack through the purge branch 104 by controlling the first flow rate adjustment device 103, and as can be seen from fig. 1, by opening the first flow rate adjustment device 103, a flow direction of the air flow may be changed, for example, the air flow passes through all the branches where the humidifier 102 is located, and then enters the purge branch 104, but the air flow passes through the whole branches where the humidifier 102 is located.
The phenomenon of kicking vibration of the air compressor refers to periodic oscillation of the medium in the fluid machine and the pipeline thereof, and is mechanical vibration generated by excitation action of periodic suction and discharge of the medium. The surge of the air compressor can destroy the flow regularity of the internal medium of the air compressor, generate mechanical noise, cause strong vibration of the internal medium and accelerate the damage of a bearing and a seal.
In the present embodiment, an optional structure of the air intake device is: the intake device 100 includes: air compressor, silencer and intercooler, wherein air compressor is connected with the silencer, and the silencer is connected with the intercooler. The silencer is used for reducing the noise of air compressor during operation, through the intercooler, cools off the air of air compressor export.
It should be noted that, the air supply system for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a temperature-pressure-humidity integrated sensor, a hydrogen concentration sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. Wherein, wet integrative sensor, hydrogen concentration sensor, temperature sensor and pressure sensor's relation of connection is as follows:
the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged between the humidifier 102 and an input interface of a cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the hydrogen concentration sensor is connected with the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged between an output interface of the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the humidifier 102, wherein the hydrogen concentration sensor is used for detecting a hydrogen concentration value in a fuel cell stack.
Based on the connection relationship, the embodiment of the invention discloses a proton exchange membrane fuel cell air supply system which is realized as follows:
the temperature, the humidity and the pressure of air entering a cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell are detected by the temperature-pressure-humidity integrated sensor, during the chemical reaction of the fuel cell stack, a hydrogen concentration value generated by the chemical reaction of the fuel cell stack is detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor in real time, then the motor controller 100 adjusts the adjustment quantity of the first flow adjusting device 103 according to the hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor, and the air flow in the purging branch 104 can be freely increased or reduced by correspondingly adjusting the adjustment quantity of the first flow adjusting device 103.
Specifically, if the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is greater than the previous hydrogen concentration value, the motor controller 100 is configured to increase the adjustment amount of the first flow rate adjustment device to increase the air flow rate passing through the first flow rate adjustment device, and is specifically configured to decrease the adjustment amount of the first flow rate adjustment device to decrease the air flow rate passing through the first flow rate adjustment device if the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is less than the previous hydrogen concentration value.
For example: when the first flow regulating device is a regulating valve, when the hydrogen concentration sensor detects that the concentration value of hydrogen generated by the chemical reaction of the fuel cell stack is larger and larger in real time and the current concentration of hydrogen is larger than the previous concentration of hydrogen, the motor controller 100 correspondingly increases the opening degree of the regulating valve according to the concentration value of hydrogen detected by the hydrogen sensor, so that the air flow in the purging branch 104 is increased, the purging strength of the air flow in the purging branch 104 is increased, hydrogen generated by the chemical reaction of the fuel cell stack can be rapidly discharged, and the problem of potential safety hazards such as hydrogen combustion is avoided. If the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is smaller than the previous hydrogen concentration value, the opening degree of the regulating valve is reduced, so that the air flow in the purging branch 104 is reduced, and the hydrogen in the fuel cell stack is prevented from being insufficient.
For the chemical reaction of the fuel cell stack, the generated exhaust gas can acquire the temperature data and the pressure data of the exhaust gas through a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and then the exhaust gas is exhausted through a throttle valve and an air exhaust port.
It should be noted that, the air supply system for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: the filter, the second mass flow calculation device, the first mass flow calculation device, the throttle valve and the air exhaust port are connected in the following relation:
the filter is connected to a second mass flow calculation device, which is connected to an air compressor, which is connected to the motor controller, a throttle valve is connected between the humidifier 102 and the air outlet of the pem fuel cell, a first mass flow calculation device is located on the purge branch 104 and a first mass flow calculation device is located after the first flow adjustment device.
Based on the connection relationship, the embodiment of the invention discloses a proton exchange membrane fuel cell air supply system which is realized as follows:
and filtering external air through a filter, filtering elements which influence chemical reactions of the fuel cell stack in the air, controlling the air flow of the filtered air through a second mass flow calculation device, and controlling the rotating speed of an air compressor through a motor controller so that the air is input into the fuel cell stack. Wherein the elements filtered by the filter that affect the chemical reactions occurring in the fuel cell stack include, but are not limited to: sulfur and nitrogen, and the like, which have negative effects on proton exchange membrane catalysts.
It should be noted that the filter includes, but is not limited to, an air filter, the first mass flow calculation device and the second mass flow calculation device include, but is not limited to, a mass flow meter, and the second flow regulation device includes, but is not limited to, an electronic throttle, which may be specifically set according to actual situations, and will not be described herein again.
The corresponding motor controller is also used for controlling the rotating speed of the air compressor and adjusting the adjusting quantity of the second flow regulating device based on the rotating speed of the air compressor based on the difference value of the air flow obtained by the first mass flow calculating device and the second mass flow calculating device.
Specifically, if the current rotational speed of the air compressor is greater than the previous rotational speed, the motor controller 100 is configured to increase the opening degree of the throttle valve and maintain the increased opening degree of the throttle valve to increase the flow rate of the exhaust gas passing through the throttle valve, and to decrease the adjustment amount of the second flow rate adjustment means and maintain the decreased opening degree of the throttle valve to decrease the flow rate of the exhaust gas passing through the second flow rate adjustment means if the current rotational speed of the air compressor is less than the previous rotational speed.
Of course, the present embodiment can also combine the hydrogen sensor, the throttle valve, the first mass flow calculating device and the second mass flow calculating device, so that the air supply system of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell can be adjusted by the hydrogen concentration value and also by the difference value of the air flow acquired by the first mass flow calculating device and the second mass flow calculating device.
Based on the air supply system of the pem fuel cell disclosed in the above embodiment of the present invention, one end of the purge branch is connected between the air inlet device and the humidifier, the other end of the purge branch is connected to the cavity of the pem fuel cell, the first flow regulator is disposed on the purge branch, the motor controller is configured to regulate the first flow regulator when it is detected that the air compressor has a surge phenomenon, so that the first flow regulator controls a portion of air to enter the cavity of the pem fuel cell through the purge branch, and the air enters the cavity of the pem fuel cell to reduce the air entering the fuel cell stack, and accordingly, the rotation speed of the air compressor needs to be increased to make the air compressor jump out of the surge region, which means that the air compressor eliminates the surge phenomenon, therefore, the problem that the air compressor is damaged and the cycle service life of the air compressor is influenced when the phenomenon of vibration kicking occurs to the air compressor is solved.
Based on the air supply system for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell disclosed in the above embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention further discloses a method for supplying air for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, as shown in fig. 2, which is a flow chart of the method for supplying air for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the method mainly includes:
s201, detecting the working state of the air compressor.
S202, judging whether the phenomenon of vibration kicking occurs or not based on the working state of the air compressor, if so, executing S203, and if not, executing S204.
In the specific implementation process of S202, whether a time-attack phenomenon occurs is determined by detecting whether the rotation speed of the air compressor reaches a preset rotation speed during surge of the air compressor, and if the preset rotation speed is reached, the time-attack phenomenon occurs, and if the preset rotation speed is not reached, the air compressor is in a normal working state.
It should be noted that, the embodiment includes, but is not limited to, determining whether the surge phenomenon occurs in the air compressor by detecting the rotation speed of the air compressor, and specifically, determining that the surge phenomenon occurs in the air compressor in another manner according to the actual situation, which is not described herein again.
For example, in the specific implementation of S202, a time-between-vibration interval during which a time-between-vibration phenomenon occurs in the air compressor may be set, where the time-between-vibration interval includes a rotation speed during a surge phenomenon of the air compressor, an air flow entering the air compressor during the time-between-vibration phenomenon of the air compressor, and pressure ratio data, where the pressure ratio data is a ratio of an outlet pressure and an inlet pressure of the air compressor. If the current working state of the air compressor enables the air compressor to enter the time-oscillation interval, the time-oscillation phenomenon is shown.
And S203, adjusting the first flow adjusting device on the purging branch to enable part of air to enter the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
And S204, forbidding to adjust the first flow regulating device on the purging branch.
Based on the air supply method for the PEMFC disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, one end of the purging branch is connected between the air inlet device and the humidifier, the other end of the purging branch is connected to the cavity of the PEMFC, the first flow regulating device is arranged on the purging branch, the motor controller is used for regulating the first flow regulating device when the surge phenomenon of the air compressor is monitored, so that part of air is controlled by the first flow regulating device to enter the cavity of the PEMFC through the purging branch, the air entering the cavity of the PEMFC causes the reduction of the air entering the fuel cell stack, the rotating speed of the air compressor is correspondingly increased, the air compressor jumps out of the surge area, and the jumping out of the surge area means that the surge phenomenon of the air compressor is eliminated, therefore, the problem that the air compressor is damaged and the cycle service life of the air compressor is influenced when the phenomenon of vibration kicking occurs to the air compressor is solved.
As shown in fig. 3, a flow chart of another method for supplying air to a pem fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include, on the basis of fig. 2:
and S301, detecting the working state of the air compressor.
And S302, judging whether the phenomenon of vibration kicking occurs or not based on the working state of the air compressor, if so, executing S303, and if not, executing S304.
And S303, adjusting the first flow adjusting device on the purging branch to enable part of air to enter the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
And S304, inhibiting the first flow regulating device on the purging branch.
The execution principle of S301 to S304 is the same as that of S201 to S204, and is not described herein again.
And S305, determining the rotating speed of the air compressor based on the difference value of the first mass flow calculating device and the second mass flow calculating device, and adjusting the current rotating speed of the air compressor to the determined rotating speed.
In the process of implementing S305, the air flow rate in the purge branch is acquired by the first mass flow calculation means, and the air flow rate in the intake device is acquired by the second mass flow calculation means. And determining the rotating speed of the air compressor according to the difference of the air flow obtained by the first mass flow calculating device and the second mass flow calculating device respectively, for example, presetting a corresponding relation between the flow and the rotating speed, and finding the rotating speed of the air compressor from the corresponding relation under the condition that the difference of the air flow is obtained through the corresponding relation.
For example, the preset corresponding relationship between the flow rate and the rotating speed is a relationship curve between a flow rate difference and the rotating speed, and the rotating speed of the air compressor can be found from the relationship curve when the difference of the air flow rate is known.
And S306, adjusting the opening of the throttle valve based on the rotating speed of the air compressor.
As shown in fig. 4, the specific implementation process of adjusting the opening degree of the throttle valve based on the rotation speed of the air compressor mainly includes:
s401, judging whether the current rotating speed of the air compressor is greater than the previous rotating speed, if so, executing S402, and if not, executing S403.
In S401, the current rotation speed of the air compressor is the rotation speed of the air compressor at the current time, and the previous rotation speed is the rotation speed of the air compressor at the previous time.
And S402, increasing the opening degree of the throttle valve and maintaining the increased opening degree.
In the process of implementing S402 specifically, if the current rotation speed of the air compressor is greater than the previous rotation speed, the opening degree of the throttle valve is increased and the increased opening degree is maintained, so as to increase the flow rate of the exhaust gas passing through the throttle valve, ensure the amount of air entering the cavity of the pem fuel cell, and maintain the pressure balance in the cavity of the pem fuel cell.
For example: the throttle valve is connected to the air exhaust port so that exhaust gas flows through the throttle valve to the air exhaust port to be exhausted. In this embodiment, if the current speed of the air compressor is greater than the previous speed, the opening of the throttle valve may be increased, and a larger opening indicates a larger opening of the throttle valve, and the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing through the throttle valve is also increased.
And S403, reducing the opening degree of the throttle valve and maintaining the reduced opening degree.
In the process of implementing S403 specifically, if the current rotation speed of the air compressor is less than the previous rotation speed, the opening degree of the throttle valve is decreased and the decreased opening degree is maintained, so as to decrease the flow rate of the exhaust gas passing through the throttle valve, ensure the amount of air entering the cavity of the pem fuel cell, and maintain the pressure balance in the cavity of the pem fuel cell.
It should be noted that, if the current rotation speed of the air compressor is lower than the previous rotation speed, the opening degree of the electronic throttle valve may be reduced, and a smaller opening degree indicates a smaller opening degree of the electronic throttle valve, and the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing through the electronic throttle valve is also smaller.
Based on the air supply method for the PEMFC disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, one end of the purging branch is connected between the air inlet device and the humidifier, the other end of the purging branch is connected to the cavity of the PEMFC, the first flow regulating device is arranged on the purging branch, the motor controller is used for regulating the first flow regulating device when the surge phenomenon of the air compressor is monitored, so that part of air is controlled by the first flow regulating device to enter the cavity of the PEMFC through the purging branch, the air entering the cavity of the PEMFC causes the reduction of the air entering the fuel cell stack, the rotating speed of the air compressor is correspondingly increased, the air compressor jumps out of the surge area, and the jumping out of the surge area means that the surge phenomenon of the air compressor is eliminated, therefore, the problem that the air compressor is damaged and the cycle service life of the air compressor is influenced when the phenomenon of vibration kicking occurs to the air compressor is solved.
As shown in fig. 5, a flow chart of another air supply method for a pem fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes, on the basis of fig. 2:
s501, detecting the working state of the air compressor.
And S502, judging whether the phenomenon of time-starting vibration occurs or not based on the working state of the air compressor, if so, executing S503, and if not, executing S504.
And S503, adjusting the first flow adjusting device on the purging branch to enable part of air to enter the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
And S504, forbidding to adjust the first flow regulating device on the purging branch.
The execution principle of S501 to S504 is the same as that of S201 to S204, and is not described herein again.
And S505, acquiring a hydrogen concentration value in the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell detected by the hydrogen sensor.
In the process of implementing S505, the hydrogen concentration value in the cavity of the pem fuel cell is obtained in real time by the hydrogen sensor, so as to ensure that the hydrogen concentration in the cavity of the pem fuel cell can be monitored in real time.
And S506, adjusting the regulating quantity of the first flow regulating device on the purging branch circuit based on the hydrogen concentration value.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 6, the specific implementation process of adjusting the adjustment amount of the first flow rate adjustment device on the purge branch based on the hydrogen concentration value mainly includes:
s601, judging whether the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is larger than the previous hydrogen concentration value, if so, executing S602, and if not, executing S603.
In S601, the current hydrogen concentration value refers to the hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor in the current time period, and the previous hydrogen concentration value refers to the hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor in the previous time period.
And S602, increasing the adjustment amount of the first flow adjusting device and maintaining the increased adjustment amount to increase the air flow passing through the first flow adjusting device.
In the process of implementing S602 specifically, if the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is greater than the previous hydrogen concentration value, the adjustment amount of the first flow rate adjustment device is increased and the increased adjustment amount is maintained, so as to increase the air flow passing through the first flow rate adjustment device, and by increasing the air flow of the first flow rate adjustment device, the purging strength of the external air on the hydrogen in the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is enhanced, so that the generated hydrogen is discharged quickly.
For example: the first flow regulating device is a regulating valve, if the current hydrogen concentration value is greater than the previous hydrogen concentration value, the regulating quantity of the regulating valve is increased, and if the current hydrogen concentration value is smaller than the previous hydrogen concentration value, the regulating quantity of the regulating valve is decreased.
And S603, reducing the regulating quantity of the first flow regulating device and maintaining the reduced regulating quantity so as to reduce the air flow passing through the first flow regulating device.
Based on the air supply method for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the regulating quantity of the first flow regulating device is correspondingly changed according to the hydrogen concentration value, and if the current hydrogen concentration value is greater than the previous hydrogen concentration value, the regulating quantity of the first flow regulating device is increased, so that the purging strength of the external air on the hydrogen in the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is enhanced, and the generated hydrogen is rapidly discharged.
In addition, the present embodiment can also combine fig. 3 and fig. 5, so that the air supply method of the pem fuel cell can be adjusted by the hydrogen concentration value and the difference value of the air flow rates obtained by the first mass flow calculation device and the second mass flow calculation device, and the detailed description of the present embodiment is omitted.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the device-like embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell air supply system, the system comprising: air inlet unit, machine controller, humidifier, its characterized in that, the system still includes: a first flow regulating device and a purging branch;
one end of the purging branch is connected between the air inlet device and the humidifier, and the other end of the purging branch is connected to a cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell;
the first flow regulating device is arranged on the purging branch;
the motor controller is used for adjusting the first flow adjusting device when the surge phenomenon of the air compressor is monitored, so that part of air enters the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell through the purging branch by the first flow adjusting device.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising: the hydrogen concentration sensor is connected with the cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell;
the hydrogen concentration sensor is used for detecting the hydrogen concentration value in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell; the motor controller is further used for adjusting the adjusting amount of the first flow adjusting device according to the detected hydrogen concentration value.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the motor controller is configured to increase the adjustment amount of the first flow regulator and maintain the increased adjustment amount to increase the air flow rate through the first flow regulator if the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is greater than a previous hydrogen concentration value, and is configured to decrease the adjustment amount of the first flow regulator and maintain the decreased adjustment amount to decrease the air flow rate through the first flow regulator if the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is less than the previous hydrogen concentration value.
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a throttle valve connected between the humidifier and an air outlet of the pem fuel cell, a first mass flow calculation device located on the purge branch and located after the first flow adjustment device, and a second mass flow calculation device connected to the air compressor, the air compressor connected to the motor controller;
the motor controller is further configured to control the rotation speed of the air compressor and adjust the opening of the throttle valve based on the rotation speed of the air compressor based on the difference between the air flow rates obtained by the first mass flow rate calculation device and the second mass flow rate calculation device.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the motor controller is specifically configured to increase the opening of the throttle valve and maintain the increased opening if the current speed of the air compressor is greater than a previous speed, and to decrease the opening of the throttle valve and maintain the decreased opening if the current speed of the air compressor is less than the previous speed.
6. A method of air supply for a pem fuel cell, said method comprising:
detecting the working state of the air compressor;
if the surge phenomenon of the air compressor is detected, adjusting a first flow adjusting device on the purging branch to enable part of air to enter a cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell;
and if the air compressor is detected to be in a normal working state, forbidding to adjust the first flow regulating device on the purging branch.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
determining the rotating speed of the air compressor based on the difference value of the first mass flow calculating device and the second mass flow calculating device, and adjusting the current rotating speed of the air compressor to the determined rotating speed;
and adjusting the opening of the throttle valve based on the rotating speed of the air compressor.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein adjusting the opening of the throttle valve based on the speed of the air compressor comprises:
if the current rotating speed of the air compressor is greater than the previous rotating speed, increasing the opening degree of the throttle valve and maintaining the increased opening degree;
and if the current rotating speed of the air compressor is less than the previous rotating speed, reducing the opening of the throttle valve and maintaining the reduced opening.
9. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
acquiring a hydrogen concentration value in a cavity of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell detected by a hydrogen sensor;
adjusting the adjustment amount of the first flow rate adjustment device on the purge branch based on the hydrogen concentration value.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein adjusting the amount of adjustment of the first flow regulator on the purge branch based on the hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor comprises:
if the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is greater than the previous hydrogen concentration value, increasing the adjustment amount of the first flow regulating device and maintaining the increased adjustment amount so as to increase the air flow passing through the first flow regulating device;
and if the current hydrogen concentration value detected by the hydrogen sensor is smaller than the previous hydrogen concentration value, reducing the adjustment amount of the first flow regulating device and maintaining the reduced adjustment amount so as to reduce the air flow passing through the first flow regulating device.
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| CN201910945582.3A CN110649288A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Air supply system and method for proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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