CN112690062B - Seedling planting is with integration pit digging machine - Google Patents
Seedling planting is with integration pit digging machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112690062B CN112690062B CN202011519501.2A CN202011519501A CN112690062B CN 112690062 B CN112690062 B CN 112690062B CN 202011519501 A CN202011519501 A CN 202011519501A CN 112690062 B CN112690062 B CN 112690062B
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- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 title claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 37
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/04—Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pit digging equipment, and particularly relates to an integrated pit digging machine for seedling planting, which comprises a bucket, a fixing frame, a first rotating shaft, a first gear, a first worm wheel, a first worm, a supporting seat, a second gear, a third gear, a first motor, a supporting frame, an electric push rod, a baffle, a lifting frame, a screw rod, a second worm wheel, a second worm, a second motor and a tractor; according to the invention, through controlling the common cooperation of the first motor, the second motor, the electric push rod and the third motor, the opening and closing of the bucket are controlled, the ascending and descending of the bucket, the ascending and descending of the baffle and the shaking of the baffle are controlled, so that the pit digging, seedling placing and soil backfilling of the pit digger are realized, the semi-automation or automation of seedling planting is realized, the seedling planting time is shortened, the seedling planting speed is accelerated, and the labor intensity of workers during seedling planting is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pit digging equipment, and particularly relates to an integrated pit digging machine for seedling planting.
Background
A pit digging machine is also called as a pit digging machine, and is a special machine for planting trees and afforesting forests in mountainous regions, hills and gully regions and quickly digging pits by applying fertilizers. The earth boring machine frees people from heavy physical labor, and is widely applied to afforestation, planting of fruit trees, fencing, fertilization of fruit trees in autumn and the like. The power is powerful, the operation is comfortable, the labor intensity is low, the device is suitable for various terrains, the efficiency is high, and the field operation is convenient.
The existing pit digging machine in the market can only realize that the pits are dug out on the ground simply, and the seedlings are placed in the pits later by manpower, and then soil is backfilled to realize the planting of the seedlings, but the problems that the seedling planting speed is low, the efficiency is low, the seedlings cannot be released from heavy physical labor and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an integrated pit digging machine for seedling planting. The invention is mainly used for solving the problems of low seedling planting speed and low efficiency caused by the fact that the conventional pit digging machine in the market can only realize simple pit digging and can not realize automatic planting.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention provides an integrated pit digging machine for seedling planting, which comprises a bucket, a fixing frame, a first rotating shaft, a first gear, a first worm wheel, a first worm, a supporting seat, a second gear, a third gear, a first motor, a supporting frame, an electric push rod, a baffle, a lifting frame, a screw rod, a second worm wheel, a second worm, a second motor and a tractor, wherein the first rotating shaft is connected with the first gear; the fixing frame is of a frame-shaped structure; a notch is arranged in the middle of one frame of the fixing frame; the excavator buckets are symmetrically arranged in the fixed frame relative to the gap; the upper part of the bucket close to the notch is rotationally connected to the fixing frame through the first rotating shaft; the suspended end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the first gear; the two first gears are meshed with each other; one side of one of the first rotating shafts, which is close to the first gear, is fixedly connected with the first worm wheel; the side wall of the fixed frame, which is close to one side of the first worm wheel, is fixedly connected with the supporting seat; the first worm is rotatably connected to the supporting seat; one end of the first worm is fixedly connected with the second gear; the supporting seat is fixedly connected with an installation seat of the first motor; the rotating shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected with the third gear; the third gear is meshed with the second gear; a notch is formed in the bucket tip of the bucket; the baffle is arranged above the position corresponding to the notch; the cross section of the baffle is U-shaped; the U-shaped opening of the baffle faces the notch; the supporting frames are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the fixed frame relative to the baffle; the supporting frame is fixedly connected to the fixing frame; the support frame is fixedly connected with the electric push rod; the end part of a push rod of the electric push rod is connected with the U-shaped edge of the baffle; the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the lifting frame; the lifting frame is connected to the frame of the tractor in a sliding manner through a guide rail; one side of the tractor frame, which is close to the lifting frame, is rotatably connected with the screw rod; the screw rod is connected with the lifting frame through threads; one end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with the second worm wheel; the second worm is rotatably connected to the tractor frame; the second worm is meshed with the second worm wheel; one end of the second worm is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the second motor; and the mounting seat of the second motor is fixedly connected to the tractor frame.
When the digging machine works, the digging machine is driven to a land where seedlings are to be planted, then the first motor is started, the first motor drives the first worm to rotate, the first worm is meshed with the first worm wheel to drive the first rotating shaft to rotate, further the first gear is driven to rotate, further the digging bucket is driven to open to prepare for digging, when the digging bucket is completely opened, the second motor is started, the second motor drives the second worm to rotate, the second worm is meshed with the second worm wheel to drive the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod drives the lifting frame to slide downwards along the guide rail, further the digging bucket is driven to move downwards, when the bucket tip of the digging bucket is contacted with the ground, the second motor stops rotating, the first motor is controlled to rotate reversely, further the digging bucket is driven to close, then the electric push rod is controlled to extend, the electric push rod drives the baffle plate to move downwards, further the soil above the inner notch of the digging bucket is isolated, when the electric push rod extends completely, the second motor is controlled to rotate reversely, the lifting frame drives the bucket to ascend, so that soil is lifted, and a pit is dug on the ground, soil in the U-shaped structure baffle falls into the pit from a notch at the tip of the bucket in the process, seedlings enter the baffle through a notch of the fixing frame, roots of the seedlings are located in the pit, so that the seedlings can be placed conveniently, then the motor is controlled to rotate, the bucket is driven to open, the soil in the bucket is filled back into the pit, and the seedlings are planted; digging a pit, placing seedlings and backfilling soil by using a pit digging machine, so that semi-automation or automation of seedling planting is realized, the seedling planting time is shortened, the seedling planting speed is increased, and the labor intensity of workers during seedling planting is reduced; set up to brake motor through a motor and No. two motors, and then realize carrying out accurate control to the open angle of bucket and the distance that the bucket reciprocated, and then can adjust pit depth and size as required, and then satisfy the demand of different seedlings to pit size and depth.
Preferably, a crushing roller is arranged in the bucket; the crushing roller is rotationally connected to the bucket through a second rotating shaft; a space is reserved between the crushing roller and the side wall of the baffle; one end of the second rotating shaft, which is close to the tractor, penetrates through the bucket; the second rotating shaft penetrates through the end of the excavator bucket and is provided with a first rotating wheel; the first rotating wheel is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft; one end of the first rotating shaft, which is close to the tractor, is provided with a first belt wheel; the first belt wheel is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft; the first belt wheel is connected with the first rotating wheel through a transmission rope.
The during operation, a axis of rotation drives the bucket and drives a band pulley rotation when rotating the excavation, and then a band pulley passes through the driving rope and drives a runner rotation, and then a runner drives crushing roller through No. two axes of rotation and rotates, smash the earth in the bucket at bucket closed in-process pivoted crushing roller that digs pit, open the crushing roller once more smashes earth in the mistake of backfilling at the bucket, and then avoid the earth in the bucket great monoblock to appear, and then great monoblock earth breaks the seedling when avoiding backfilling, and then reduced the breakage rate in the seedling planting process.
Preferably, the first pulleys on the two first rotating shafts are arranged in a staggered mode; the diameter of the first belt wheel is far larger than that of the first rotating wheel.
The during operation, through with two band pulleys staggered arrangement, and then make the diameter of a band pulley be greater than the diameter of a band pulley when non-staggered arrangement, and then increased the drive ratio between a band pulley and a runner, and then improved the slew velocity of smashing the roller, and then improved the degree that smashing the roller and smashing earth, and then further avoided the in-process of backfilling to appear great monoblock earth and caused the book of losing of seedling.
Preferably, the first rotating wheel is wound with at least one circle of the transmission rope.
During operation, through at least winding round driving rope on a runner, and then increased the frictional force between driving rope and the runner, and then reduced the phenomenon that appears skidding between a runner and the driving rope, and then improved driven reliability between a band pulley and the runner, and then improved the degree that crushing roller smashed earth.
Preferably, a third rotating shaft is arranged on the reinforcing rib in the middle of the support frame; the third rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the supporting frame; two cams are arranged on the third rotating shaft at intervals; the cam is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft; the cams are positioned on two sides of the electric push rod; the extending end of the electric push rod is provided with two limiting rings at intervals; a push rod of the electric push rod is connected to a flange on the upper part of the baffle in a sliding manner; the flange on the upper part of the baffle is positioned between the two limiting rings; a spring is arranged between a limiting ring at the end part of the electric push rod and a flange at the upper part of the baffle; one end of the spring is in contact with the baffle; the other end of the spring is in contact with the limiting ring; a first synchronous belt wheel is arranged on one side, close to the tractor, of the third rotating shaft; the first synchronous belt pulley is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft; two reversing wheels are arranged on one reinforcing rib of the support frame close to the first synchronous belt wheel; a connecting plate is arranged between the two support frames; the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the supporting frame; a third motor is arranged on the connecting plate; the mounting seat of the third motor is fixedly connected to the connecting plate; a second synchronous belt wheel is arranged on a rotating shaft of the third motor; the second synchronous belt pulley is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the third motor; the first synchronous belt pulley, the second synchronous belt pulley and the reversing wheel are in synchronous belt transmission through double-sided teeth; and a space is reserved between the lower end of the baffle and the bucket.
When the automatic lifting device works, the third motor is started in the process of lifting upwards after the pit of the bucket is closed, the third rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the matching of the first synchronous belt wheel, the second synchronous belt wheel and the double-sided tooth synchronous belt, one of the first synchronous belt wheel is reversed through the two reversing wheels, the third rotating shafts are driven to rotate in opposite directions, the cam is driven to rotate, the rotating cam contacts with the flange at the upper end of the baffle and moves downwards along with the continuous rotation of the cam, the spring is compressed in the process, after the cam leaves the flange at the upper end of the baffle, the baffle moves upwards under the elastic force of the spring to impact on the limiting ring, the shaking of the baffle is realized, the baffle intermittently contacts with the flange at the upper end of the baffle along with the cam, the shaking of the baffle is continuously realized, the soil in the baffle is shaken cleanly, and the problem that seedlings cannot be placed in the pit due to the fact that the soil in the baffle is blocked is avoided, thereby ensuring the smooth planting of the seedlings and avoiding the trouble of manual cleaning; set up to brake motor through No. three motors, and then guaranteed the accuracy of cam stop position, and then avoided electric putter to drive the in-process striking of baffle motion on the cam, and then avoided causing the damage, and then improved the life of digging machine.
Preferably, the front wheel of the tractor is made of a metal material; the outer cylindrical surface of the front wheel of the tractor is provided with circular rings at even intervals along the axial direction; the circular ring is fixedly connected to the front wheel of the tractor.
During the operation, through set up the ring on the front wheel of tractor, roll into earth at the in-process ring of tractor walking, and then avoided the front wheel to appear sideslipping, and then guaranteed that the tractor walks along the straight line, and then guarantee that the interval of planting the seedling is comparatively balanced, and then guaranteed the required space of growth, and then be favorable to the growth in seedling later stage.
Preferably, the crushing roller comprises a disc, a connecting rod and a blade; the connecting rods are uniformly arranged between the two disks at intervals along the circumferential direction; two ends of the connecting rod are respectively and fixedly connected to the disc; the blades are uniformly arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting rod at intervals; the blade is fixedly connected to the connecting rod.
When the excavator works, the connecting rods are uniformly arranged between the two disks at intervals along the circumferential direction, so that soil can smoothly enter the bucket and leave the bucket from the space between the connecting rods, and the smoothness of the bucket during excavation and backfilling is further ensured; through set up the blade on the connecting rod, and then at connecting rod pivoted in-process blade cutting earth, and then improved the kibbling degree of earth, and then be favorable to filling of earth in the hole.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the invention, a hole digger is driven to a land on which seedlings are to be planted, then a first motor is started, the first motor drives a first worm to rotate, the first worm is meshed with a first worm wheel to drive a first rotating shaft to rotate, further the first gear is driven to rotate, further a bucket is driven to rotate, further the bucket is opened to prepare for digging, after the bucket is completely opened, a second motor is started, the second motor drives a second worm to rotate, the second worm is meshed with the second worm wheel to drive a screw rod to rotate, the screw rod drives a lifting frame to slide downwards along a guide rail, further the bucket is driven to move downwards, after the bucket tip of the bucket is contacted with the ground, the second motor stops rotating, the first motor is controlled to rotate reversely, further the bucket is driven to close, then an electric push rod is controlled to extend, the electric push rod drives a baffle plate to move downwards, further soil above an inner notch of the bucket is isolated, when the electric push rod is completely extended out, the second motor is controlled to rotate reversely, the lifting frame drives the bucket to ascend, soil is lifted, and then a pit is dug out on the ground, soil in the U-shaped structure baffle falls into the pit from a notch at the tip of the bucket in the process, seedlings enter the baffle through a notch of the fixing frame, the roots of the seedlings are in the pit, the seedlings are convenient to put into the pit, then the first motor is controlled to rotate, the bucket is driven to stretch, and then the soil in the bucket is filled back into the pit, so that the planting of the seedlings is realized; digging a pit, placing seedlings and backfilling soil by using a pit digging machine, so that semi-automation or automation of seedling planting is realized, the seedling planting time is shortened, the seedling planting speed is increased, and the labor intensity of workers during seedling planting is reduced; set up to brake motor through a motor and No. two motors, and then realize carrying out accurate control to the open angle of bucket and the distance that the bucket reciprocated, and then can adjust pit depth and size as required, and then satisfy the demand of different seedlings to pit size and depth.
2. According to the seedling planting machine, the bucket is driven to rotate through the first rotating shaft to dig soil, the first belt wheel is driven to rotate, the first belt wheel drives the first rotating wheel to rotate through the transmission rope, the first rotating wheel drives the crushing roller to rotate through the second rotating shaft, the rotating crushing roller crushes soil in the bucket in the process of closing of the digging pit of the bucket, the crushing roller crushes the soil again in the process of opening and backfilling the bucket, and therefore the soil in the bucket is prevented from being large in whole blocks, seedlings are prevented from being crushed by the large whole blocks of soil in the backfilling process, and breakage rate in the seedling planting process is reduced.
3. According to the invention, the two belt wheels I are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the diameter of the belt wheel I is larger than that of the belt wheel I in a non-staggered manner, the transmission ratio between the belt wheel I and the rotating wheel I is increased, the rotating speed of the crushing roller is increased, the degree of crushing of the crushing roller is increased, and the breakage of seedlings caused by a large whole piece of soil in the backfilling process is further avoided.
4. According to the invention, the friction force between the transmission rope and the first rotating wheel is increased by winding at least one circle of transmission rope on the first rotating wheel, so that the slipping phenomenon between the first rotating wheel and the transmission rope is reduced, the transmission reliability between the first belt wheel and the first rotating wheel is improved, and the soil smashing degree of the smashing roller is improved.
5. In the invention, when the bucket pit is closed and lifted upwards, a motor III is started, a rotating shaft III is driven to rotate through the matching of a synchronous pulley I, a synchronous pulley II and a double-sided tooth synchronous belt, one synchronous pulley I is reversed through two reversing wheels, the rotating shaft III is driven to rotate in opposite directions, a cam is driven to rotate, the rotating cam contacts a flange at the upper end of a baffle plate and moves downwards along with the continuous rotation of the cam, a spring is compressed in the process, when the cam leaves the flange at the upper end of the baffle plate, the baffle plate moves upwards under the elastic force of the spring to impact on a limiting ring, the shaking of the baffle plate is realized, the baffle plate shakes continuously along with the intermittent contact of the cam with the flange at the upper end of the baffle plate, the soil in the baffle plate is shaken cleanly, and the situation that seedlings cannot be placed in the pit due to the fact that the interior of the baffle plate is blocked by soil is avoided, thereby ensuring the smooth planting of the seedlings and avoiding the trouble of manual cleaning; set up to brake motor through No. three motors, and then guaranteed the accuracy of cam stop position, and then avoided electric putter to drive the in-process striking of baffle motion on the cam, and then avoided causing the damage, and then improved the life of digging machine.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole construction of the pit digger of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the pit digger of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the pit digger of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the operation of the earth boring machine of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the attachment of the bucket to the mount of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cam and the shutter according to the present invention;
figure 7 is a schematic view of the tractor and crane of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of the bucket and crushing roller of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the second worm gear and the second worm drive of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the crushing roller in the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at A;
in the figure: excavator bucket 1, notch 11, mount 2, a rotation axis 21, a gear 22, a worm wheel 23, a worm 24, a support seat 25, a gear 26, a gear 27, a motor 28, a support frame 3, an electric push rod 31, a baffle 32, a lifting frame 4, a screw rod 41, a worm wheel 42, a worm 43, a motor 44, a tractor 5, a ring 51, a crushing roller 6, a disc 61, a connecting rod 62, a blade 63, a rotation axis 7, a rotating wheel 71, a belt wheel 72, a transmission rope 73, a rotation axis 8, a cam 81, a limit ring 82, a spring 83, a synchronous belt wheel 84, a reversing wheel 85, a connecting plate 86, a motor 87, a synchronous belt wheel 88 and a double-sided tooth synchronous belt 89.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, an integrated pit digging machine for seedling planting comprises a bucket 1, a fixed frame 2, a first rotating shaft 21, a first gear 22, a first worm wheel 23, a first worm 24, a supporting seat 25, a second gear 26, a third gear 27, a first motor 28, a supporting frame 3, an electric push rod 31, a baffle 32, a lifting frame 4, a screw rod 41, a second worm wheel 42, a second worm 43, a second motor 44 and a tractor 5; the fixed frame 2 is of a frame-shaped structure; a notch is arranged in the middle of one of the frames of the fixed frame 2; the excavator buckets 1 are symmetrically arranged in the fixed frame 2 relative to the gap; the upper part of the excavator bucket 1 close to the gap is rotatably connected to the fixing frame 2 through the first rotating shaft 21; the suspended end of the first rotating shaft 21 is fixedly connected with the first gear 22; the two first gears 22 are meshed with each other; one side of one of the first rotating shaft 21, which is close to the first gear 22, is fixedly connected with the first worm wheel 23; the side wall of the fixed frame 2 close to one side of the first worm wheel 23 is fixedly connected with the supporting seat 25; the first worm 24 is rotatably connected to the supporting seat 25; one end of the first worm 24 is fixedly connected with the second gear 26; the supporting seat 25 is fixedly connected with a mounting seat of the first motor 28; the third gear 27 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the first motor 28; the third gear 27 is meshed with the second gear 26; a notch 11 is arranged at the bucket tip of the bucket 1; the baffle 32 is arranged above the position corresponding to the notch 11; the baffle 32 is U-shaped in cross section; the U-shaped opening of the baffle 32 faces the notch; the supporting frames 3 are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the fixed frame 2 relative to the baffle 32; the supporting frame 3 is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 2; the support frame 3 is fixedly connected with the electric push rod 31; the end part of the electric push rod 31 is connected with the U-shaped edge of the baffle 32; the fixed frame 2 is fixedly connected to the lifting frame 4; the lifting frame 4 is connected to the frame of the tractor 5 in a sliding manner through a guide rail; one side of the frame of the tractor 5, which is close to the lifting frame 4, is rotatably connected with the screw rod 41; the screw rod 41 is connected with the lifting frame 4 through threads; one end of the screw rod 41 is fixedly connected with the second worm gear 42; the second worm 43 is rotatably connected to the frame of the tractor 5; the second worm 43 is meshed with the second worm wheel 42; one end of the second worm 43 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the second motor 44; and the mounting seat of the second motor 44 is fixedly connected to the frame of the tractor 5.
When the digging machine works, the digging machine is driven to a land on which seedlings are to be planted, then the first motor 28 is started, the first motor 28 drives the first worm 24 to rotate, the first worm 24 is meshed with the first worm wheel 23 to drive the first rotating shaft 21 to rotate, further the first gear 22 is driven to rotate, further the bucket 1 is opened to prepare for digging, after the bucket 1 is completely opened, the second motor 44 is started, the second motor 44 drives the second worm 43 to rotate, the second worm 43 is meshed with the second worm wheel 42 to drive the screw rod 41 to rotate, the screw rod 41 drives the lifting frame 4 to slide downwards along the guide rail, further the bucket 1 is driven to move downwards, after the bucket tip of the bucket 1 contacts the ground, the second motor 44 stops rotating, the first motor 28 is controlled to rotate reversely, further the bucket 1 is driven to close, then the electric push rod 31 is controlled to extend out, and the electric push rod 31 drives the baffle 32 to move downwards, then, soil above a notch 11 in the bucket 1 is isolated, when the electric push rod 31 completely extends out, the second motor 44 is controlled to rotate reversely, the bucket 1 is driven to ascend through the lifting frame 4, then the soil is lifted, and then a pit is dug on the ground, in the process, the soil in the U-shaped structure baffle 32 falls into the pit from the notch 11 at the bucket tip of the bucket 1, then the seedling enters the baffle 32 through the gap of the fixing frame 2, so that the root of the seedling is in the pit, the seedling is convenient to put in, then the first motor 28 is controlled to rotate, the bucket 1 is driven to open, further, the soil in the bucket 1 is filled back into the seedling pit, and further planting is realized; digging a pit, placing seedlings and backfilling soil by using a pit digging machine, so that semi-automation or automation of seedling planting is realized, the seedling planting time is shortened, the seedling planting speed is increased, and the labor intensity of workers during seedling planting is reduced; through setting up No. one motor 28 and No. two motor 44 as brake motor, and then realize carrying out accurate control to the angle that bucket 1 opens and the distance that bucket 1 reciprocated, and then can adjust excavation depth and size as required, and then satisfy the demand of different seedlings to hole size and depth.
As shown in fig. 3, 5 and 8, a crushing roller 6 is provided in the bucket 1; the crushing roller 6 is rotationally connected to the excavator bucket 1 through a second rotating shaft 7; a space is reserved between the crushing roller 6 and the side wall of the baffle 32; one end of the second rotating shaft 7, which is close to the tractor 5, penetrates through the excavator bucket 1; the second rotating shaft 7 penetrates through the end of the excavator bucket 1 and is provided with a first rotating wheel 71; the first rotating wheel 71 is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 7; a first belt wheel 72 is arranged at one end, close to the tractor 5, of the first rotating shaft 21; the first belt wheel 72 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 21; the first belt wheel 72 is connected with the first rotating wheel 71 through a transmission rope 73.
During operation, axis of rotation 21 drives bucket 1 and drives a band pulley 72 and rotate when rotating the excavation, and then a band pulley 72 drives runner 71 through driving rope 73 and rotates, and then runner 71 drives crushing roller 6 through No. two axis of rotation 7 and rotates, dig at bucket 1 and dig closed in-process pivoted crushing roller 6 and smash the earth in bucket 1, open the crushing roller 6 again and smash earth in the mistake of backfilling at bucket 1, and then avoid the earth in bucket 1 to appear great monoblock, and then great monoblock earth breaks the seedling when avoiding backfilling, and then reduced the breakage rate of seedling planting in-process.
As shown in fig. 5, the first pulleys 72 on the two first rotating shafts 21 are arranged in a staggered manner; the diameter of the first pulley 72 is much larger than that of the first runner 71.
During operation, through with two band pulleys 72 staggered arrangement, and then make the diameter of a band pulley 72 be greater than the diameter of a band pulley 72 when non-staggered arrangement, and then increased the drive ratio between a band pulley 72 and a runner 71, and then improved crushing roller 6's slew velocity, and then improved crushing roller 6 and smashed the degree of earth, and then further avoided the in-process of backfilling to appear great monoblock earth and cause the book of losing of seedling.
As shown in fig. 5 and 11, the primary pulley 71 is wound at least one turn around the driving rope 73.
During operation, through at least winding a circle of driving rope 73 on runner 71, and then increased the frictional force between driving rope 73 and runner 71, and then reduced the phenomenon that skids to appear between runner 71 and the driving rope 73, and then improved the driven reliability between a band pulley 72 and runner 71, and then improved the degree that crushing roller 6 smashed earth.
As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 6, a third rotating shaft 8 is arranged on a reinforcing rib in the middle of the support frame 3; the third rotating shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the support frame 3; two cams 81 are arranged on the third rotating shaft 8 at intervals; the cam 81 is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft 8; the cams 81 are positioned at two sides of the electric push rod 31; two limiting rings 82 are arranged at intervals at the extending end of the electric push rod 31; the push rod of the electric push rod 31 is connected to the flange on the upper part of the baffle 32 in a sliding manner; the flange at the upper part of the baffle 32 is positioned between the two limiting rings 82; a spring 83 is arranged between a limiting ring 82 at the end part of the electric push rod 31 and a flange at the upper part of the baffle 32; one end of the spring 83 is in contact with the baffle 32; the other end of the spring 83 is in contact with the limit ring 82; a first synchronous pulley 84 is arranged on one side, close to the tractor 5, of the third rotating shaft 8; the first synchronous pulley 84 is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft 8; two reversing wheels 85 are arranged on one reinforcing rib of the support frame 3 close to the first synchronous pulley 84; a connecting plate 86 is arranged between the two support frames 3; the connecting plate 86 is fixedly connected to the support frame 3; a third motor 87 is arranged on the connecting plate 86; the mounting seat of the third motor 87 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 86; a second synchronous belt pulley 88 is arranged on a rotating shaft of the third motor 87; the second synchronous belt pulley 88 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the third motor 87; the first synchronous pulley 84, the second synchronous pulley 88 and the reversing wheel 85 are driven by a double-sided tooth synchronous belt 89; a space is left between the lower end of the baffle 32 and the bucket 1.
When the excavator bucket works, the third motor 87 is started in the process of lifting upwards after the excavation of the excavator bucket 1 is closed, the third rotating shaft 8 is driven to rotate through the matching of the first synchronous belt wheel 84, the second synchronous belt wheel 88 and the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 89, one of the first synchronous belt wheels 84 is reversed through the two reversing wheels 85, the two third rotating shafts 8 are driven to rotate in opposite directions, the cam 81 is driven to rotate, the baffle 32 moves downwards along with the continuous rotation of the cam 81 after the rotating cam 81 contacts with the flange at the upper end of the baffle 32, the spring 83 is compressed in the process, after the cam 81 leaves the flange at the upper end of the baffle 32, the baffle 32 moves upwards under the action of the elastic force of the spring 83 to impact on the limiting ring 82, the shaking of the baffle 32 is realized, the baffle 32 continuously shakes along with the intermittent contact of the cam 81 with the flange at the upper end of the baffle 32, and the shaking of the baffle 32 is realized, and the dirt in the baffle 32 is cleaned, thereby preventing the seedlings from being placed in the pits due to the fact that the inner parts of the baffles 32 are blocked by soil, further ensuring the smooth degree of seedling planting, and simultaneously avoiding the trouble of manual cleaning; set up to brake motor through No. three motor 87, and then guaranteed cam 81 stop position's accuracy, and then avoided electric putter 31 to drive the in-process striking of baffle 32 motion on cam 81, and then avoided causing the damage, and then improved digging machine's life.
As shown in fig. 9, the front wheel of the tractor 5 is made of metal; the outer cylindrical surface of the front wheel of the tractor 5 is provided with circular rings 51 at even intervals along the axial direction; the ring 51 is fixedly connected to the front wheel of the tractor 5.
During operation, through set up ring 51 on the front wheel at tractor 5, in the in-process ring 51 of 5 walks at tractor rolls into soil, and then has avoided the front wheel to appear sideslipping, and then has guaranteed that tractor 5 walks along the straight line, and then guarantees that the interval of planting the seedling is comparatively balanced, and then has guaranteed the required space of growth, and then is favorable to the growth in seedling later stage.
As shown in fig. 8 and 10, the crushing roller 6 includes a circular disk 61, a connecting rod 62 and a blade 63; the connecting rods 62 are uniformly arranged between the two circular discs 61 at intervals along the circumferential direction; two ends of the connecting rod 62 are respectively fixedly connected to the disc 61; the blades 63 are uniformly arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting rod 62 at intervals; the blade 63 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 62.
When the excavator works, the connecting rods 62 are uniformly arranged between the two circular discs 61 at intervals along the circumferential direction, so that soil can smoothly enter the excavator bucket 1 and leave the excavator bucket 1 from the space between the connecting rods 62, and the smoothness degree of the excavator bucket 1 during excavation and backfilling is further ensured; through set up blade 63 on connecting rod 62, and then at connecting rod 62 pivoted in-process blade 63 cutting earth, and then improved the kibbling degree of earth, and then be favorable to filling of earth in the hole.
When the digging machine works, the digging machine is driven to a land on which seedlings are to be planted, then the first motor 28 is started, the first motor 28 drives the first worm 24 to rotate, the first worm 24 is meshed with the first worm wheel 23 to drive the first rotating shaft 21 to rotate, further the first gear 22 is driven to rotate, further the bucket 1 is opened to prepare for digging, after the bucket 1 is completely opened, the second motor 44 is started, the second motor 44 drives the second worm 43 to rotate, the second worm 43 is meshed with the second worm wheel 42 to drive the screw rod 41 to rotate, the screw rod 41 drives the lifting frame 4 to slide downwards along the guide rail, further the bucket 1 is driven to move downwards, after the bucket tip of the bucket 1 contacts the ground, the second motor 44 stops rotating, the first motor 28 is controlled to rotate reversely, further the bucket 1 is driven to close, then the electric push rod 31 is controlled to extend out, and the electric push rod 31 drives the baffle 32 to move downwards, then, soil above a notch 11 in the bucket 1 is isolated, when the electric push rod 31 completely extends out, the second motor 44 is controlled to rotate reversely, the bucket 1 is driven to ascend through the lifting frame 4, then the soil is lifted, and then a pit is dug on the ground, in the process, the soil in the U-shaped structure baffle 32 falls into the pit from the notch 11 at the bucket tip of the bucket 1, then the seedling enters the baffle 32 through the gap of the fixing frame 2, so that the root of the seedling is in the pit, the seedling is convenient to put in, then the first motor 28 is controlled to rotate, the bucket 1 is driven to open, further, the soil in the bucket 1 is filled back into the seedling pit, and further planting is realized; digging a pit, placing seedlings and backfilling soil by using a pit digging machine, so that semi-automation or automation of seedling planting is realized, the seedling planting time is shortened, the seedling planting speed is increased, and the labor intensity of workers during seedling planting is reduced; through setting up No. one motor 28 and No. two motor 44 as brake motor, and then realize carrying out accurate control to the angle that bucket 1 opens and the distance that bucket 1 reciprocated, and then can adjust excavation depth and size as required, and then satisfy the demand of different seedlings to hole size and depth.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a seedling planting is with integration digging machine which characterized in that: the excavator comprises an excavator bucket (1), a fixing frame (2), a first rotating shaft (21), a first gear (22), a first worm wheel (23), a first worm (24), a supporting seat (25), a second gear (26), a third gear (27), a first motor (28), a supporting frame (3), an electric push rod (31), a baffle (32), a lifting frame (4), a screw rod (41), a second worm wheel (42), a second worm (43), a second motor (44) and a tractor (5); the fixed frame (2) is of a frame-shaped structure; a notch is arranged in the middle of one of the frames of the fixed frame (2); the excavator buckets (1) are symmetrically arranged in the fixed frame (2) relative to the gap; the upper part of the excavator bucket (1) close to the notch is rotatably connected to the fixing frame (2) through the first rotating shaft (21); the suspended end of the first rotating shaft (21) is fixedly connected with the first gear (22); the two first gears (22) are meshed with each other; one side of one of the first rotating shaft (21) close to the first gear (22) is fixedly connected with the first worm wheel (23); the side wall of the fixed frame (2) close to one side of the first worm wheel (23) is fixedly connected with the supporting seat (25); the first worm (24) is rotatably connected to the supporting seat (25); one end of the first worm (24) is fixedly connected with the second gear (26); the supporting seat (25) is fixedly connected with a mounting seat of the first motor (28); the rotating shaft of the first motor (28) is fixedly connected with the third gear (27); the third gear (27) is meshed with the second gear (26); a notch (11) is arranged at the bucket tip of the bucket (1); the baffle (32) is arranged above the position corresponding to the notch (11); the cross section of the baffle (32) is U-shaped; the U-shaped opening of the baffle (32) faces the notch; the supporting frames (3) are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the fixed frame (2) relative to the baffle (32); the supporting frame (3) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (2); the support frame (3) is fixedly connected with the electric push rod (31); the end part of the electric push rod (31) is connected with the U-shaped edge of the baffle (32); the fixed frame (2) is fixedly connected to the lifting frame (4); the lifting frame (4) is connected to the frame of the tractor (5) in a sliding manner through a guide rail; one side of the frame of the tractor (5), which is close to the lifting frame (4), is rotatably connected with the screw rod (41); the screw rod (41) is connected with the lifting frame (4) through threads; one end of the screw rod (41) is fixedly connected with the second worm wheel (42); the second worm (43) is rotatably connected to the frame of the tractor (5); the second worm (43) is meshed with the second worm wheel (42); one end of the second worm (43) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the second motor (44); and the mounting seat of the second motor (44) is fixedly connected to the frame of the tractor (5).
2. The integrated pit digging machine for planting seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: a crushing roller (6) is arranged in the bucket (1); the crushing roller (6) is rotationally connected to the bucket (1) through a second rotating shaft (7); a space is reserved between the crushing roller (6) and the side wall of the baffle (32); one end of the second rotating shaft (7) close to the tractor (5) penetrates through the bucket (1); the second rotating shaft (7) penetrates through the end of the excavator bucket (1) and is provided with a first rotating wheel (71); the first rotating wheel (71) is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft (7); one end of the first rotating shaft (21) close to the tractor (5) is provided with a first belt wheel (72); the first belt wheel (72) is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (21); the first belt wheel (72) is connected with the first rotating wheel (71) through a transmission rope (73).
3. The integrated pit planing machine for seedling planting according to claim 2, wherein: the first belt wheels (72) on the two first rotating shafts (21) are arranged in a staggered mode; the diameter of the first belt wheel (72) is far larger than that of the first rotating wheel (71).
4. The integrated pit planing machine for seedling planting according to claim 3, wherein: the first rotating wheel (71) is wound with at least one circle of the transmission rope (73).
5. The integrated pit planing machine for seedling planting according to claim 4, wherein: a third rotating shaft (8) is arranged on a reinforcing rib in the middle of the support frame (3); the third rotating shaft (8) is rotatably connected to the support frame (3); two cams (81) are arranged on the third rotating shaft (8) at intervals; the cam (81) is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft (8); the cams (81) are positioned at two sides of the electric push rod (31); two limiting rings (82) are arranged at intervals at the extending end of the electric push rod (31); the push rod of the electric push rod (31) is connected to the flange at the upper part of the baffle (32) in a sliding manner; the flange at the upper part of the baffle (32) is positioned between the two limiting rings (82); a spring (83) is arranged between a limiting ring (82) at the end part of the electric push rod (31) and a flange at the upper part of the baffle plate (32); one end of the spring (83) is in contact with the baffle plate (32); the other end of the spring (83) is in contact with the limiting ring (82); a first synchronous belt wheel (84) is arranged on one side, close to the tractor (5), of the third rotating shaft (8); the first synchronous pulley (84) is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft (8); two reversing wheels (85) are arranged on one reinforcing rib of the support frame (3) close to the first synchronous pulley (84); a connecting plate (86) is arranged between the two support frames (3); the connecting plate (86) is fixedly connected to the support frame (3); a third motor (87) is arranged on the connecting plate (86); the mounting seat of the third motor (87) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (86); a second synchronous belt wheel (88) is arranged on a rotating shaft of the third motor (87); the second synchronous belt wheel (88) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the third motor (87); the first synchronous pulley (84), the second synchronous pulley (88) and the reversing wheel (85) are driven by a double-sided tooth synchronous belt (89); a space is reserved between the lower end of the baffle (32) and the excavator bucket (1).
6. The integrated pit planing machine for seedling planting according to claim 5, wherein: the front wheel of the tractor (5) is made of a metal material; the outer cylindrical surface of the front wheel of the tractor (5) is uniformly provided with circular rings (51) at intervals along the axial direction; the circular ring (51) is fixedly connected to the front wheel of the tractor (5).
7. The integrated pit planing machine for seedling planting according to claim 6, wherein: the crushing roller (6) comprises a disc (61), a connecting rod (62) and a blade (63); the connecting rods (62) are uniformly arranged between the two disks (61) at intervals along the circumferential direction; two ends of the connecting rod (62) are respectively and fixedly connected to the disc (61); the blades (63) are uniformly arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting rod (62) at intervals; the blade (63) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (62).
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| CN112690062B true CN112690062B (en) | 2021-11-09 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113243164B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-05-17 | 新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏职业技术学院 | Digging, crushing and burying integrated device for fruit tree transplanting |
| CN113748793B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-12-02 | 扬州工业职业技术学院 | Mechanical device for digging and burying |
| CN115413447B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2023-12-15 | 芜湖市新城园林建设有限公司 | Garden restoration and reconstruction auxiliary device |
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| CN209527115U (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-10-25 | 洛宁超越农业有限公司 | Fruit seedling transplants quick digging apparatus |
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