CN112682373A - Hydraulic system, control method and engineering vehicle - Google Patents
Hydraulic system, control method and engineering vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112682373A CN112682373A CN202011589805.6A CN202011589805A CN112682373A CN 112682373 A CN112682373 A CN 112682373A CN 202011589805 A CN202011589805 A CN 202011589805A CN 112682373 A CN112682373 A CN 112682373A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic systems, and discloses a hydraulic system, a control method and an engineering vehicle, wherein the hydraulic system comprises a pilot handle, a pilot control valve, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic control multi-way valve, at least two working oil cylinders and a motor for driving the hydraulic pump to act, and the hydraulic pump controls the working oil cylinders to stretch and retract through the hydraulic control multi-way valve; the pilot handle is provided with an output oil port corresponding to the hydraulic control multi-way valve, and the output oil port is communicated with the control end of the corresponding hydraulic control multi-way valve through a pilot oil way; the pilot oil paths are communicated with oil inlets of the shuttle valve group; the pilot pressure sensor is arranged at an oil outlet of the shuttle valve group and used for adjusting the rotating speed of the motor according to a measuring signal of the pilot pressure sensor. According to the invention, high-pressure oil in a plurality of output oil ports of the pilot handle is obtained through the shuttle valve group, the pressure of the oil outlet of the shuttle valve group is detected through the pilot pressure sensor, and the rotating speed of the motor is adjusted according to a measurement signal of the pilot pressure sensor, so that the output flow and the required flow of the hydraulic system are matched, and the power loss is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic systems, in particular to a hydraulic system, a control method and an engineering vehicle.
Background
In the conventional control of the rotating speed of the loader, a switch is usually arranged on a pilot handle or other positions, and three gears or two gears of idle speed and high speed are arranged according to idle speed, medium speed and high speed.
In the normal working process of the vehicle, a driver can adjust the rotating speed of the motor by pressing the switch according to the requirement on the output flow of the hydraulic pump. However, the above method has the following defects:
(1) the hydraulic system has the advantages that the stepless speed regulation can not be carried out on the motor, the stepless regulation of the output flow of the hydraulic pump can not be correspondingly realized, particularly, when the rotating speed of the motor is in a middle gear or a high gear, the flow provided by the hydraulic system is large under the condition that the pump displacement is not changed, if the flow required at the moment is reduced, the flow sent to the working oil cylinder is usually reduced by regulating the pilot handle, but because the flow provided by the pump is large, most of working oil flows back to the hydraulic oil tank through the multi-way valve, and the power loss of the hydraulic system is large.
(2) The driver repeatedly switches among idle speed, medium speed and high speed according to the actual use demand, the operation experience is poor, and the driver is easy to be tired.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic system, a control method and an engineering vehicle, which not only can automatically adjust the output flow of a hydraulic pump, but also can realize the stepless adjustment of the output flow of the hydraulic pump.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hydraulic system comprises a pilot handle, a pilot control valve, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic control multi-way valve, at least two working oil cylinders and a motor for driving the hydraulic pump to act, wherein the hydraulic pump controls the working oil cylinders to stretch and retract through the hydraulic control multi-way valve; the pilot handle is provided with an output oil port corresponding to the hydraulic control multi-way valve, and each output oil port is communicated with the control end of the corresponding hydraulic control multi-way valve through a pilot oil way;
further comprising:
each pilot oil path is communicated with an oil inlet of the shuttle valve group;
and the pilot pressure sensor is arranged at an oil outlet of the shuttle valve group and used for adjusting the rotating speed of the motor according to a measuring signal of the pilot pressure sensor.
As a preferable technical solution of the hydraulic system, the hydraulic system further includes:
and the load pressure sensor is arranged at an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump.
As a preferred technical scheme of the hydraulic system, the working oil cylinder is communicated with a hydraulic oil tank through an oil return pipeline, the hydraulic control multi-way valve is arranged on the oil return pipeline, and a filter and/or an oil cooler are/is arranged on the oil return pipeline.
The invention also provides a control method of the hydraulic system, which is used for calculating the corresponding motor rotating speed according to the measuring signal of the pilot pressure sensor and controlling the motor to work according to the calculated motor rotating speed.
As a preferable technical solution of the control method of the hydraulic system, if the pressure in the working oil path is greater than the set pressure, the rotation speed of the motor is adjusted to a preset rotation speed, and the preset rotation speed is less than the rotation speed corresponding to the set pressure.
As a preferable embodiment of the method for controlling the hydraulic system, if the pressure in the hydraulic line is equal to or lower than the set pressure and the output power of the hydraulic pump is higher than the set power, the rotation speed of the motor is calculated based on the set power and the pressure in the hydraulic line, and the motor is controlled to operate at the calculated rotation speed of the motor.
As a preferable aspect of the method for controlling the hydraulic system, the rotation speed of the motor is adjusted based on a measurement signal of the pilot pressure sensor if the pressure in the hydraulic line is not higher than a set pressure and the output power of the hydraulic pump is not higher than a set power.
As a preferred embodiment of the control method of the hydraulic system, the output power of the hydraulic pump is equal to the pressure in the hydraulic oil passage x the current rotation speed of the motor.
The invention further provides an engineering vehicle which comprises the hydraulic system.
As a preferable technical solution of the above-mentioned working vehicle, the working vehicle is a loader.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the hydraulic system and the control method thereof, high-pressure oil in a plurality of output oil ports of the pilot handle is obtained through the shuttle valve group, the pressure of the oil outlet of the shuttle valve group is detected through the pilot pressure sensor, the rotating speed of the motor is adjusted according to a measurement signal of the pilot pressure sensor, so that the output flow of the hydraulic pump is correspondingly changed, the stepless adjustment of the output flow of the hydraulic pump is realized, the output flow of the hydraulic system is matched with the required flow, and the power loss of the hydraulic system is reduced; and the traditional gear speed regulating switch is cancelled, and a driver does not need to repeatedly operate the gear speed regulating switch.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pressure oil system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of a hydraulic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a pilot handle; 2. a hydraulic pump; 3. a hydraulic control multi-way valve; 4. a working oil cylinder; 5. a motor; 6. a pilot pressure sensor; 7. a load pressure sensor; 8. a shuttle valve group; 9. a filter; 10. an oil cooler; 11. a second one-way valve; 12. a vehicle control unit; 13. and a hydraulic oil tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings.
The embodiment provides a hydraulic system and an engineering vehicle, wherein the engineering vehicle comprises the hydraulic system, and the engineering vehicle in the embodiment is a loader.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic system includes a pilot handle 1, a pilot control valve, a hydraulic pump 2, a pilot-controlled multi-way valve 3, at least two working cylinders 4, and a motor 5 for driving the hydraulic pump 2 to operate, the hydraulic pump 2 sends the working oil in a hydraulic oil tank 13 to the telescopic cylinder through the pilot-controlled multi-way valve 3 and/or the middle working oil of the telescopic cylinder flows back to the hydraulic oil tank 13 through the pilot-controlled multi-way valve 3, so that the hydraulic pump 2 controls the working cylinders 4 to extend and retract through the pilot-controlled multi-way valve 3; the pilot handle 1 is provided with output oil ports corresponding to the pilot-controlled multi-way valves 3, each output oil port is communicated with the control end of the corresponding pilot-controlled multi-way valve 3 through a pilot oil path, and when the pilot pressure in the pilot oil path changes, the opening and/or the state of the pilot-controlled multi-way valve 3 will change so as to adjust the output flow of the hydraulic pump 2 sent to the corresponding working oil cylinder 4 through the pilot-controlled multi-way valve 3, thereby adjusting the speed of the working oil cylinder 4.
The hydraulic system also comprises a shuttle valve group 8 and a pilot pressure sensor 6, wherein each pilot oil path is communicated with an oil inlet of the shuttle valve group 8; the pilot pressure sensor 6 is arranged at an oil outlet of the shuttle valve group 8, and the pilot pressure sensor 6 is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the motor 5 according to a measuring signal of the pilot pressure sensor 6.
In this embodiment, the output shaft of the motor 5 is connected to the power shaft of the hydraulic pump 2 through a flange, the loader is provided with a vehicle control unit 12, the pilot pressure sensor 6 is electrically connected to the vehicle control unit 12, and the vehicle control unit 12 and the motor 5 are in communication connection through a CAN bus. The pilot pressure sensor 6 converts the pilot pressure into a corresponding electric signal and sends the electric signal to the vehicle control unit 12, calculates the corresponding motor rotating speed through logical operation, and sends a control instruction to the motor 5 controller according to the calculated motor rotating speed so as to adjust the motor rotating speed to the calculated motor rotating speed.
The pilot handle 1 is a proportional pressure reducing valve, and can adjust the pilot oil pressures of the plurality of pilot-operated multi-way valves 3, and the swing angle of the pilot handle 1 changes in proportion to the oil pressure at the output ports thereof. The rotating speed of the motor changes in proportion to the pressure measured by the pilot pressure sensor 6, and a functional relationship between the rotating speed of the motor and the pressure measured by the pilot pressure sensor 6 can be obtained in advance through repeated tests and is embedded into the vehicle controller 12.
According to the hydraulic system provided by the embodiment, the shuttle valve group 8 is used for acquiring high-pressure oil in the plurality of output oil ports of the pilot handle 1, the pressure of the oil outlet of the shuttle valve group 8 is detected by the pilot pressure sensor 6, and the rotating speed of the motor 5 is adjusted according to a measurement signal of the pilot pressure sensor 6, so that the output flow of the hydraulic pump 2 is correspondingly changed, the stepless adjustment of the output flow of the hydraulic pump 2 is realized, the output flow of the hydraulic system is matched with the required flow, and the power loss of the hydraulic system is reduced; the traditional gear speed regulating switch is cancelled, so that a driver does not need to repeatedly operate the gear speed regulating switch; the shuttle valve group 8 is additionally arranged to reduce the number of the pilot pressure sensors 6, so that the cost is reduced, and the logical operation of the whole vehicle controller 12 can be reduced.
In other embodiments, a pilot pressure sensor 6 may be disposed at each oil outlet, the controller obtains a maximum pressure value according to a measurement signal of each pilot pressure sensor 6, calculates a motor speed according to the maximum pressure value, and controls the motor to operate according to the calculated motor speed. However, this method increases the cost of the hydraulic system and increases the operation logic of the vehicle controller 12.
The oil pressing system provided by this embodiment adjusts the rotating speed of the motor 5 according to the maximum pressure value of each output oil port, so that the output flow of the hydraulic pump 2 meets the requirement of the hydraulic control multi-way valve 3 corresponding to the output oil port where the maximum pressure value is located on the flow, and the rotating speed of the corresponding working oil cylinder 4 is adjusted.
Further, the hydraulic system further comprises a load pressure sensor 7, and the load pressure sensor 7 is arranged at an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 2. The pressure on the working oil way is monitored in real time through the load pressure sensor 7, so that the rotating speed of the motor 5 can be adjusted in real time according to the pressure on the working oil way.
Further, in order to avoid damage to the hydraulic pump 2 due to load pressure changes, the present embodiment provides a first check valve on the working oil path, and the load pressure sensor 7 is provided downstream of the first check valve.
Further, the working oil cylinder 4 is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank 13 through an oil return pipeline, the hydraulic control multi-way valve 3 is arranged on the oil return pipeline, and the oil return pipeline is provided with a filter 9 and an oil cooler 10 so as to filter and cool hydraulic oil returning to the hydraulic oil tank 13. Preferably, the oil cooler 10 is located upstream of the filter 9.
In order to avoid the filter 9 from being blocked and causing the hydraulic system to fail to work normally, a second one-way valve 11 connected with the filter 9 in parallel is arranged on the oil return pipeline. When the filter 9 is not blocked, the hydraulic oil in the oil return pipeline returns to the oil tank through the filter 9; when the filter 9 is blocked, the oil pressure in the oil return line increases, and the second check valve 11 opens, so that the hydraulic oil in the oil return line returns to the tank through the second check valve 11.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of the hydraulic system according to this embodiment, and as shown in fig. 2, this embodiment further provides a control method of the hydraulic system, which calculates a corresponding motor rotation speed according to a measurement signal of the pressure sensor, and controls the motor 5 to operate according to the calculated motor rotation speed.
If the pressure in the working oil path is greater than the set pressure, the rotating speed of the motor 5 is adjusted to a preset rotating speed, and the preset rotating speed is less than the rotating speed corresponding to the set pressure. The pressure in the working oil way is monitored in real time, so that when the pressure in the working oil way is larger than the set pressure, the method for adjusting the rotating speed of the motor according to the pilot handle 1 is disabled, the vehicle control unit 12 controls the rotating speed of the motor 5 through the motor controller in an unauthorized mode, and the rotating speed of the motor 5 is adjusted to the preset rotating speed, so that the high-pressure overflow loss of the hydraulic system is reduced. Preferably, the preset rotation speed is a rotation speed of the loader in an idle state.
When the pressure in the working oil path is less than or equal to the set pressure, if the output power of the hydraulic pump 2 is greater than the set power, the rotating speed of the motor is calculated according to the set power and the pressure in the working oil path, and the motor 5 is controlled to work according to the calculated rotating speed of the motor. The output power of the hydraulic pump is equal to the pressure in the working oil path x the current rotating speed of the motor.
When the output power of the hydraulic pump 2 is greater than the set power, the method for adjusting the rotating speed of the motor according to the pilot handle 1 fails, the vehicle control unit 12 performs override control on the rotating speed of the motor 5 through the motor controller, adjusts the rotating speed of the motor 5 according to the load pressure and the set power, keeps the product of the load pressure and the rotating speed as the set power, realizes constant power control of the hydraulic system, improves the output efficiency of the motor 5, enables the motor 5 to work in a high-efficiency area, prevents the motor 5 from being overloaded for use, prolongs the service life of the motor 5, and reduces the power loss of the hydraulic system.
When the pressure in the hydraulic oil line is equal to or lower than the set pressure, if the output of the hydraulic pump 2 is equal to or lower than the set power, the rotation speed of the motor 5 is adjusted based on the measurement signal of the pilot pressure sensor 6.
With the control method of the hydraulic system provided in the present embodiment, it is possible to prioritize the method of adjusting the motor rotation speed according to the pressure in the working oil passage over the method of adjusting the motor rotation speed according to the output power of the hydraulic pump 2, and the method of adjusting the motor rotation speed according to the output power of the hydraulic pump 2 over the method of adjusting the motor rotation speed according to the pilot handle 1.
The control method of the hydraulic system will be briefly described with reference to fig. 2.
Step S1, calculating the corresponding motor rotating speed according to the measuring signal of the pilot pressure sensor 6, and controlling the motor 5 to work according to the calculated motor rotating speed;
step S2, judging whether the pressure in the working oil way is larger than the set pressure, if so, adjusting the rotating speed of the motor to the preset rotating speed, and then returning to the step S2; if not, go to step S3;
step S3, judging whether the output power of the hydraulic pump 2 is larger than the set power, if so, calculating the rotating speed of the motor according to the set power and the pressure in the working oil way, controlling the motor 5 to work according to the calculated rotating speed of the motor, and then returning to the step S3; if not, the process returns to step S1.
As can be seen from the flowchart of the control method of the hydraulic system, only when the output power of the hydraulic pump 2 is not greater than the set power and the pressure in the working oil path is not greater than the set pressure, the corresponding motor speed is calculated according to the measurement signal of the pilot pressure sensor 6, and the motor 5 is controlled to operate according to the calculated motor speed. That is, the manner of controlling the rotational speed of the motor according to the output power of the hydraulic pump 2 and the manner of adjusting the rotational speed of the motor according to the pressure in the working oil path are prioritized over the manner of controlling the rotational speed of the motor by the pilot handle 1.
Only when the pressure in the working oil path is not greater than the set pressure, it is determined whether the rotation speed of the motor needs to be adjusted according to the output power of the hydraulic pump 2, that is, the manner of controlling the rotation speed of the motor according to the output power of the hydraulic pump 2 is prioritized over the manner of controlling the rotation speed of the motor by the pilot handle 1.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A hydraulic system comprises a pilot handle (1), a pilot control valve, a hydraulic pump (2), a hydraulic control multi-way valve (3), at least two working oil cylinders (4) and a motor (5) for driving the hydraulic pump (2) to act, wherein the hydraulic pump (2) controls the working oil cylinders (4) to stretch and retract through the hydraulic control multi-way valve (3); the hydraulic control multi-way valve is characterized in that the pilot handle (1) is provided with output oil ports corresponding to the hydraulic control multi-way valves (3), and each output oil port is communicated with the control end of the corresponding hydraulic control multi-way valve (3) through a pilot oil way;
further comprising:
each pilot oil way is communicated with an oil inlet of the shuttle valve group (8);
and the pilot pressure sensor (6) is arranged at an oil outlet of the shuttle valve group (8) and is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the motor (5) according to a measuring signal of the pilot pressure sensor (6).
2. The hydraulic system of claim 1, further comprising:
the load pressure sensor (7), load pressure sensor (7) locate the oil-out of hydraulic pump (2).
3. The hydraulic system according to claim 2, characterized in that the working cylinders (4) are connected to a hydraulic tank (13) via a return line, on which the pilot-controlled multi-way valve (3) is arranged, and on which a filter (9) and/or an oil cooler (10) are arranged.
4. A control method of a hydraulic system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the corresponding motor speed is calculated on the basis of the measurement signal of the pilot pressure sensor (6) and the electric motor (5) is controlled to operate in accordance with said calculated motor speed.
5. The control method of a hydraulic system according to claim 4, characterized in that the rotational speed of the electric motor (5) is adjusted to a preset rotational speed if the pressure in the working oil circuit is greater than a set pressure, the preset rotational speed being less than the rotational speed corresponding to the set pressure.
6. The control method of a hydraulic system according to claim 5, characterized in that if the pressure in the working fluid line is equal to or less than the set pressure and the output power of the hydraulic pump (2) is greater than the set power, the motor speed is calculated from the set power and the pressure in the working fluid line, and the motor (5) is controlled to operate at the calculated motor speed.
7. A control method of a hydraulic system according to claim 6, characterized in that the rotational speed of the electric motor (5) is adjusted in dependence of the measurement signal of the pilot pressure sensor (6) if the pressure in the working oil circuit is not greater than or equal to a set pressure and the output power of the hydraulic pump (2) is not greater than or equal to a set power.
8. The control method of the hydraulic system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the output power of the hydraulic pump is equal to the pressure in the working oil passage x the current rotation speed of the motor.
9. A work vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The work vehicle of claim 9, wherein the work vehicle is a loader.
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| CN114233485A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-25 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Power system control method, device and system and storage medium |
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| CN115506443A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-12-23 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 | Multi-mode control device and control method for motor of electric loader |
| CN115506443B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-12-12 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 | Multi-mode control device and control method for motor loader motor |
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