CN103256260A

CN103256260A - Mobile work machine with energy recovery for driving the motor cooling

Info

Publication number: CN103256260A
Application number: CN2013100515855A
Authority: CN
Inventors: E.里尔; M.贝克; S.奥施曼; J.阿姆赖因
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2012-02-18
Filing date: 2013-02-17
Publication date: 2013-08-21
Anticipated expiration: 2033-02-17
Also published as: EP2628862B1; EP2628862A2; KR20130095676A; CN103256260B; DE102012003320A1; EP2628862A3

Abstract

The mobile working machine (10) has multiple first hydraulic consumers and a second hydraulic consumer, where one of the first consumers has a traveling drive and/or an operating drive of the mobile working machine. A first pump having an adjustable discharge capacity can transfer hydraulic liquid from a liquid body to the first consumers. A second pump can transfer the hydraulic liquid from the liquid box to the second consumer. An internal combustion engine is arranged to connect the first pump and the second pump in a rotatably drive manner. The second consumer drives rotary blower impellers for cooling the internal combustion engine. A pressure storage is provided for storing the hydraulic fluid stands under pressure, where the pressure storage stands in fluidic connection with the former consumers such that the hydraulic fluid flows back from the former consumers, in which the pressure storage runs, but not vice versa. An independent claim is included for a hydraulic drive system with a return pressure balance.

Description

There is the mobile working machine for the energy recycle device of drive motor cooler

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of mobile working machine as described in the preamble according to claim 1.

Background technique

bybosch Rexroth(Bosch BOSCH-REXROTH) document of joint-stock company " Weniger Emissionen; weniger Kosten. Hydrostatische L ü fterantriebe von Rexroth(discharges less, low cost; the static pressure fan drive unit of Rexroth) ", the number of ordering RD 98 065 and version 09/2010 disclose some different mobile working machines, particularly tractor, combining threshing machine, excavator and bulldozer.These mobile working machines have a plurality of the first hydraulic consumers devices, especially for the drive motor that travels that drives wheel or chain; And a plurality of for regulating for example task driven device of the oil hydraulic cylinder form of cantilever, grader push pedal or lifting device.The first pump with the displacement volume that can regulate is transported to the first customer by hydraulic fluid from the liquid case.Such adjusting pump is saved energy especially.The first pump is by internal-combustion engine, normally by Diesel Driven.Internal-combustion engine has fluid cooling device, and in described fluid cooling device, cooling liquid is guided through the cooler of thin slice heat exchanger form, in order that by carrying out cooling to the ambient air heat extraction to cooling liquid.By internal-combustion engine, come pump to take out so cooling cooling liquid, so that cooling this internal-combustion engine.In this case, cooling liquid is heated again, and and then is back to cooler.

Carry described ambient air by means of blast fan by cooler, particularly strengthened thus cooling.In this case, blast fan is placed in and is rotatablely moved by the fan motor of hydraulic pressure.In addition, also be provided with the second pump with the displacement volume that can regulate, this second pump can be transported to fan motor by hydraulic fluid from the liquid case.The second pump is also driven by internal-combustion engine, exactly normally with rotating speed identical as the first pump, drives.By regulating the second pump delivery volume, can so infinitely regulate the rotating speed of described fan motor, be about to described cooling liquid and be cooled to best temperature.

Summary of the invention

Task of the present invention is to design described mobile working machine more energy-conservationly.In this case, the roadability of this mobile working machine does not change in the mode that can discover for the user.In addition, the structure of this mobile working machine is also simple especially.

According to independent claims, this task is accomplished by following measure, be provided for the accumulator of the hydraulic fluid of storage under pressure, wherein, accumulator so carries out fluid with the first customer and is connected, and the hydraulic fluid refluxed from least one first customer can flow to accumulator, but counter current not, wherein, accumulator so carries out fluid with the second customer and is connected, and hydraulic fluid can flow to the second customer from accumulator.Accumulator is known as accumulator.According to the present invention, this storage can load the hydraulic fluid refluxed from the first customer.Even so, the first customer is still only driven by the first pump, and is not that hydraulic fluid by storing in accumulator is driven, and therefore, the roadability that can perceive for the user of mobile working machine does not change.The hydraulic fluid of storage is for driving described the second customer, and therefore for cooling described internal-combustion engine.Therefore as long as cooling roadability is done some change to motor, the user is imperceptible so.

It should be noted that, hydraulic fluid that typically have high volume flowrate that reflux from the first customer still always only refluxes in short time.In contrast to this, fan drive device need little, but lasting volume flowrate.By described accumulator, the different time response of described volume flowrate can fit each other simply.

It should be noted that in addition described fan drive device has very little energy and reclaims ability, therefore, if energy reclaims, be confined to the first customer, this is not defect.

In the dependent claims favourable improvement projects more of the present invention and corrective measure are illustrated.

Can so set up the second pump, make it to move as motor, wherein, it has the displacement volume that can regulate, and wherein, it so carries out fluid with accumulator and is connected, be that hydraulic fluid can flow into accumulator from the liquid case, and can flow on the contrary.So just the hydraulic fluid stored into pressure in accumulator can be driven to described the second pump for motor type ground.Because the first pump, the second pump and internal-combustion engine among rotary actuation is connected, so the second pump drives the first pump, and make described internal-combustion engine unloading each other.Therefore also drive the first customer in following situations: the hydraulic fluid of storing in accumulator in these situations is needed also more than the second customer.The energy that it should be noted that in this case this form reclaim just be not applied to with being perceiveed mobile working machine, particularly on the roadability of the first customer.

At least the first customer can be configured to overcome and promote for gravity external load and reduce external load.Such customer has extra high energy and reclaims potentiality.Can be called the example for such the first customer for the oil hydraulic motor of capstan winch that drives hoist.In this case, described external load is the load be suspended on crane hook.Different oil hydraulic cylinder on the cantilever of bucket dredger can be called another example.In this case, described external load comprises the power shovel with its content.

Return orifice and the returning pressure that continue to regulate can be claimed to be switched among the fluid between the first customer and accumulator connects, wherein said returning pressure claims so and returns to orifice and be connected, and it can be adjusted to the numerical value that can predesignate by the pressure drop of returning on orifice.The hydraulic fluid refluxed from the first customer has the pressure of the contents that are different from accumulator usually, therefore need to carry out the pressure allotment.In this case, the movement velocity of described customer just changes according to the adjusting of returning to orifice, and wherein, memory pressure should be not influential for the travelling speed of customer.This is also to pass through advised to return to the connection that orifice and returning pressure claim and reach.

?fluid between the first customer and accumulator connects and can so be connected with the liquid case, and when the pressure in accumulator is greater than the pressure of storage one side of returning on throttle valve, hydraulic fluid flow into the liquid case from the first customer.When the pressure in accumulator is too high, the hydraulic fluid refluxed from the first customer can not flow into storage.Therefore must at least indirectly flow out in the liquid case.Can so imagine in this case: described hydraulic fluid directly can flow out in the liquid case by the second customer or by the second pump as motor operation.But also described hydraulic fluid directly can be discharged in the liquid case.Although adopt the second cover alternative scheme to make energy without land used has been run off, this scheme can realize for this reason much easierly.

The accompanying drawing explanation

Below by means of accompanying drawing, for the present invention, be described in more details.Accompanying drawing illustrates:

Fig. 1: according to the hydraulic circuit diagram of the working machine of movable type of the present invention.

Reference numerals list:

10 mobile working machines;

11 drive motors that travel;

12 wheels;

13 cylinders;

14 external loads;

The direction of 15 gravity;

16 liquid casees;

17 control gear;

20 valve assemblys;

21 customer assemblies;

22 pump line lines;

23 liquid case pipelines;

24 load pressure pipelines;

30 first pumps;

31 discharge pressure regulators;

32 second pumps;

40 internal-combustion engines;

41 fans drive motors;

42 blast fans;

43 coolers;

44 temperature transducers;

45 fan valves;

46 pipeloops;

47 coolant pumps;

50 accumulators;

51 storage valves;

52 memory pressure limiting valves;

53 emergency unload valves (Notenleerungsventil);

The spring of 54 emergency unload valves;

55 memory pressure sensors;

60 return to orifice (R ü cklaufblende);

61 returning pressures claim, in other words returning pressure balace weight (R ü cklaufdruckwaage);

The spring that 62 returning pressures claim;

63 first regeneration valves;

64 storage outlets;

65 liquid case outlets;

68 regeneration pressure sensors.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 shows a kind of hydraulic circuit diagram of the working machine according to movable type of the present invention 10.The working machine 10 of described movable type comprises internal-combustion engine 40, diesel engine preferably, identical rotating speed for described internal-combustion engine, is that the rotating speed of bent axle drives the first pump and the second pump 30; 32.The first pump 30 is transported to a plurality of the first customers 11 by hydraulic fluid from liquid case 16; 13.Flow to single customer 11; 13 liquid measure is controlled by means of valve assembly 20.In this case, give each first customer 11; 13 set a minute of described valve assembly 20 that open, can be as the customer assembly 21 of whole installation.Valve assembly 20 comprises pump line line 22, and described pump line line 22 runs through all customer assemblies 21, and wherein, the first pump 30 is connected with pump line line 22.In addition, valve assembly 20 also comprises liquid case pipeline 23, and described liquid case pipeline runs through all customer assemblies 21, and wherein, liquid case pipeline 23 is connected with liquid case 16.

One (unshowned) proportional reversing valve is set in each customer assembly 21, described proportional reversing valve so with pump line line and liquid case pipeline 22; 23 connect, and it can control attached troops to a unit customer 11; 13 motion, its way is that it is by convection into customer 11 by means of the Rectifier plate that can continue to regulate; 13 and from customer 11; The 13 liquid streams that return carry out throttling.Set one (unshowned) pressure preferably to each proportional reversing valve and claim (Druckwaage), described pressure claims on Rectifier plate, pressure drop while preferably flowing on Rectifier plate to be adjusted to a kind of numerical value that can stipulate, like this, the first customer 11; 13 movement velocity is only relevant with the adjusting of attached troops to a unit proportional reversing valve, and this adjusting is regulated by control gear 17 electricity.

In addition, in valve assembly 20, all customers, as long as their motions, their load pressure just so connects, the highest load pressure is on load pressure pipeline 24.Load pressure pipeline 24 is connected with discharge pressure regulator 31, described discharge pressure regulator is the displacement volume that can regulate of continuing of so regulating the first pump 30, and the discharge pressure of the first pump 30 exceeds the pressure reduction that can predesignate than described crest pressure.For example in DE 10 2,010 009 704 A1, illustrate in greater detail a kind of possible valve assembly.

The first customer 11; 13, the drive motor 11 that travels of hydraulic pressure is connected with valve assembly 20, drives one or more wheel 12 of described mobile working machine 10 with the described drive motor that travels, and this mobile working machine can be with respect to ground motion thus.Oil hydraulic cylinder 13 is set in addition, uses described oil hydraulic cylinder to promote outside load 14 with the opposite direction ground of gravity 15.When reducing the load 14 of described outside, hydraulic fluid refluxes from cylinder 13 is past under pressure.The hydraulic fluid of common this backflow carries out throttling by attached troops to a unit proportional reversing valve, and returns and guide in liquid case pipeline 23.

In the present invention, by this liquid stream be transported to can regulate constantly return to orifice 60, the described orifice that returns claims 61 to connect with returning pressure.In this case, this returns to orifice 60 and preferably is integrated in attached troops to a unit proportional reversing valve.Returning pressure claims 61 spool to be pressed in the position of unlatching by spring 62.In spring one side, side or pressure memory side of liquid case with return to orifice 60 and be connected, wherein, on the back side of spring the pressure of customer side with return to orifice 60 and be connected.Like this, formed a kind of two passage flow adjustment valves together with returning to orifice 60 and returning pressure claiming 61, like this, the rate of descent of the first customer of cylinder 11 forms is main only relevant with the adjusting of returning to orifice 60.Claim overall presure drop on 61 to be equivalent to load pressure on oil hydraulic cylinder 11 and the pressure reduction between the pressure in accumulator 50 returning to orifice 60 and returning pressure.Therefore, can not the total load pressure of throttling by returning to orifice 60, but an only throttling part.The energy that is equivalent to remaining pressure is stored in accumulator 50 with the form of the hydraulic fluid under pressure.

Be less than the situation of the pressure in accumulator 50 for described load pressure, the first regeneration valve 63 is set, this first regeneration valve claims 61 to connect in liquid case side or memory side with returning pressure, wherein, regeneration valve 63 can be directed to the hydraulic fluid of backflow in accumulator 50 selectively, or is introduced directly in liquid case 16.Regeneration pressure sensor 68 is set in addition, and described regeneration pressure sensor is measured for returning to liquid case side on orifice 60 or the regeneration pressure of memory side.Regeneration pressure sensor 68 is connected with control gear 17 with the first regeneration valve 63, and described control gear comprises the digital computer that can programme.For brevity, in accompanying drawing 1 at described control gear 17 with equipment with being connected with it, be sensor 55; 44; 68 and valve 63 that can electricity operation; 45; 51; All linking routes between the controlling mechanism of the 53 and second pump 32 do not illustrate.Memory pressure sensor 55 is connected with control gear 17, the memory pressure in the described accumulator 50 of described memory pressure sensor measurement.Control gear 17 is according to regeneration pressure and memory pressure.Control gear 17 is so regulated the first regeneration valve 63 according to regeneration pressure and memory pressure, the hydraulic fluid refluxed or be fed directly in liquid case 16 or export 64 by storage by liquid case outlet 65 and flow into accumulator 50.Also can imagine in this case, purely hydraulically by means of pressure, claim to realize the control for the first regeneration valve 63.Comparatively favourable on this way cost, but flexibility is few.

Accumulator 50 is connected with the storage outlet 64 of the first regeneration valve 63 by storage valve 51.Storage valve 51 is designed to leak free centre valve seat valve in other words.When scram position, this storage valve 51 is as safety check work, and wherein, it only allows liquid to flow in accumulator 50, but does not allow opposite direction to flow.When enable possition, storage valve 51 can be through-flow on both direction.Storage valve 51 is pressed in scram position by spring, loads can only in described scram position accumulator 50.By the electric control of being undertaken by control gear 17, described storage valve can be switched in enable possition, in this enable possition, can either load accumulator 50, also can make its unloading.

For the sake of security, described accumulator is connected with emergency unload valve 53 with memory pressure limiting valve 52, and these valves can be discharged into the capacity of accumulator 50 in liquid case 16.The nothing leakage centre valve memory pressure limiting valve 52 of seat valve form in other words is limited in memory pressure the maximum value of predesignating, and like this, accumulator 50 just can not break.Emergency unload valve 53 also is designed to centre valve seat valve in other words, and is pressed in enable possition by spring 54, wherein, by means of the electric control aspect control gear 17, described valve can be switched in the position of shutoff.When control gear 17 breaks down or disconnects, the electric control signal usually existed just be not on emergency unload valve 53, and accumulator 50 is just automatically emptying like this.

In addition, the second customer of fans drive motor 41 forms of hydraulic pressure is connected with the storage outlet 64 of the first regeneration valve 63.Preferably the form by the external gear motor designs described fans drive motor 41, and therefore it has constant displacement volume.Fans drive motor 41 drives the blast fan 42 that can rotate, and described blast fan is directed to cooler 43 places by air stream.Cooler 43 is according to the form design of thin slice heat exchanger, and cooling liquid flows through described thin slice heat exchanger, and wherein, described air stream can cooling described cooling liquid.Cooler 43 set temperature sensors 44, the temperature of the cooling liquid that be cooled of described temperature sensor measurement in the outlet of cooler 43.Cooler is connected with internal-combustion engine 40 by pipeloop 46, so just can in loop, by coolant pump 47, carry described cooling liquid.In other words, the cooling liquid of heat flows to cooler 43 from internal-combustion engine 40, and is cooled there.The cooling liquid be cooled flow back into again internal-combustion engine 40 from cooler 43, and is heated again there.The used heat of internal-combustion engine 40 is discharged in ambient air by described cooling liquid like this.

On the pressure side also being connected with the storage joint 64 of the first regeneration valve of the second pump 32.Under normal conditions, the first pump 32 is from liquid case 16 aspirated liquid hydraulic fluids, and this hydraulic fluid is transported to described fans drive motor 41, to drive this fans drive motor.In this case, the first regeneration valve 63, in a kind of switching position, is lockings at storage joint 64 described in this switching position.In this case, can regulate the rotating speed of fans drive motor 41 by the displacement volume of regulating described the second pump 32.Fan valve 45 is opened fully in this case.

When regeneration pressure sensor 68 demonstrates the pressure higher than memory pressure sensor 55, the first regeneration valve 63 is switched to regard to controlled device 17 in the position on the left side, like this, and from the first customer 11; 13 make the hydraulic fluid refluxed under pressure be loaded in accumulator 50.When described condition no longer exists, the first regeneration valve 63 is pulled in the switching position on the right.

When memory pressure is enough high, the second pump delivery volume is set to zero, wherein, storage valve 51 is opened.Hydraulic fluid just can flow to fans drive motor 41 from accumulator 50 like this.In this case, control the rotating speed of described fans drive motor 41 with fan valve 45.

When memory pressure is too high, so regulate the displacement volume of described the second pump 32, this pump carrys out work as motor.Consequently, the capacity of part accumulator flows in liquid case 16 by the second pump 32.The driving torque produced by this measure has alleviated the load of described internal-combustion engine 40, and therefore saves diesel oil.

When memory pressure too low so that can not drive fan drive motor 41 time, have so multiple feasible program.Fans drive motor 41 can singly be driven by the second pump 32.Additionally can regulate so greatly by the volume flowrate of the second pump 32, be about to accumulator 50 and be loaded into again desired degree.But also can so imagine, continue to unload to accumulator 50 towards the suction side of the second pump 32 with the second regeneration valve 50.Must between described feasible program, make decision according to volume flowrate, wherein, described volume flowrate is from the first customer 11 expectantly; 13 reflux, and wherein, strive for taking full advantage of of the preferably possible energy of the driving for the machinery provided by internal-combustion engine.

Claims

1. mobile working machine (10), have the customer (11 of a plurality of the first hydraulic pressure; The customer of 13) and one second hydraulic pressure (41), wherein, the first customer (11; 13) comprise running driving device and/or the task driven device of described mobile working machine (10), wherein, the first pump (30) with the displacement volume that can regulate can be transported to the first customer (11 from liquid case (16) by hydraulic fluid; 13), wherein, the second pump (32) can be transported to the second customer (41) from liquid case (16) by hydraulic fluid, wherein, internal-combustion engine (40) is set, described internal-combustion engine and the first pump, the second pump (30; 32) be rotated and drive connection, wherein, the second customer (41) drives the blast fan that can rotate (42) for cooling described internal-combustion engine (40), it is characterized in that, be provided for the accumulator (50) of the hydraulic fluid of storage under pressure, wherein, accumulator (50) so with the first customer (11; 13) carry out the fluid connection, the hydraulic fluid refluxed from least one first customer (13) can flow in accumulator (50), but counter current not, wherein, accumulator (50) so carries out fluid with the second customer (41) and is connected, and hydraulic fluid can flow to the second customer from accumulator (50).

2. according to mobile working machine claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the second pump (32) so is set, be that it also can be as motor operation, wherein, it has the displacement volume that can regulate, wherein, it so carries out fluid with accumulator (50) and is connected, and hydraulic fluid can flow into accumulator (50) from liquid case (16), and can counter current.

3. according to the described hydraulic driving system of any one in aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, at least one first customer is configured to overcome promotes for gravity external load and reduce external load.

4. according to the described hydraulic driving system of any one in aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, by continue to regulate return to orifice (60) and returning pressure claims (61) to be switched to the first customer (11; 13) and among the fluid between accumulator (50) connects, wherein, returning pressure claim (61) so with return to orifice (60) and be connected, it can be adjusted to the numerical value that can stipulate by the pressure drop of returning on orifice (60).

5. according to hydraulic driving system claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, at the first customer (11; 13) and the fluid between accumulator (50) connect and so to be connected with the liquid case, when the pressure in accumulator (50) is greater than the pressure that returns to the memory side on orifice (60), hydraulic fluid is by the first customer (11; 13) flow in the liquid case.