CN112663087A - Preparation method and application of iron and nitrogen doped cobalt selenide electrocatalyst - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of iron and nitrogen doped cobalt selenide electrocatalyst Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of electrocatalysts, and discloses a preparation method and application of a high-performance double-doped selenide electrocatalyst for electrochemically decomposing water to produce oxygen, in particular to a preparation method and application of an iron and nitrogen-doped cobalt selenide electrocatalyst. Firstly, a Co-MOF triangular nanosheet array is synthesized through standing reaction at room temperature, then a hollow CoFe-PBA catalyst with a triangular nanosheet structure is generated through standing reaction again, and finally the catalyst is subjected to NH at low temperature3Further calcining under Ar atmosphere to obtain Fe-N-CoSe2Triangular nanosheet array electrocatalyst. The series of double-doped selenides have lower charge transfer resistance and reaction potential barrier of oxygen evolution reaction, and have excellent performance in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction. Meanwhile, the catalyst is low in cost, simple and convenient to operate, simple in process and excellent in catalytic performance, and provides a basic application research for the materials in the field of electrocatalysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nano materials, relates to the field of preparation of electrocatalysts, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of an iron and nitrogen doped cobalt selenide electrocatalyst.
Technical Field
The heavy use of fossil fuels brings serious energy crisis and environmental pollution, people are prompted to attach high importance to the development of renewable energy, and the hydrogen energy is clean, pollution-free and high in combustion value, so that the hydrogen energy is widely used by peopleAttention is paid. The water electrolysis hydrogen production technology has the advantages of simple device, high product purity and less secondary pollution, and is considered to be one of the most ideal hydrogen production technologies. Electrolyzed water consists of two half-reactions: hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) and Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER). However, the OER process needs to overcome the high reaction energy barrier, the slow reaction kinetics and the coupling problems of multiple proton and electron transfers, and thus, OER determines the overall water splitting efficiency. RuO to date2And IrO2Is considered to be the electrocatalyst with the highest OER activity. However, their large-scale application is severely hampered by high cost and resource shortage. Therefore, the development of economical and effective non-noble metal electrocatalysts has attracted considerable interest to researchers.
In recent years, cobalt-based metal compound electrocatalysts have the characteristics of excellent oxidation-reduction performance, low cost and the like due to the cobalt element, so that the cobalt-based metal compound electrocatalysts become ideal materials for constructing electrocatalytic oxygen production catalysts with high efficiency and low cost. Wherein, CoSe2As a typical cobalt-based metal compound, the cobalt-based metal compound has a unique local metal bonding structure, obvious metal characteristics and high conductivity, and shows wide application prospects in an electrolytic water oxygen evolution reaction. Although the high conductivity of transition metal selenides makes them excellent electrocatalysts, there is still a need to further improve their water-splitting performance. Doping elements or making defect structures have proven to be an effective method to further enhance the intrinsic activity of the catalyst on OER by adjusting the electronic structure and optimizing the absorption energy of the intermediates. However, the defect controllability is poor and the electron conductivity is lowered. In recent years, both theoretical and experimental studies show that the OER electrocatalytic performance of the transition metal catalyst can be greatly improved by doping hetero atoms. Doping can adjust the electronic structure, increase the active sites, improve the conductivity, accelerate the kinetics and optimize the adsorption/desorption energy of the intermediate. Based on these studies, it can be reasonably hypothesized that doping heteroatoms into electrocatalysts would be an effective method to improve the electrocatalytic performance of water decomposition. At present, researches on double-element doped electrocatalysts are less, and the performance regulation mechanism of the double-element doped electrocatalysts needs to be further researched.
Disclosure of Invention
In the inventionAims to provide Fe and N codoped synergistic enhanced CoSe for high-performance electrochemical water decomposition and oxygen production2The material property. The preparation method is simple, the overpotential and Tafel slope of the material can be greatly reduced after the Fe and N are codoped, the material has good conductivity, and the CoSe is greatly improved2The catalyst decomposes water to catalyze the oxygen production efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
(1) cleaning foamed Nickel (NF) for standby
Ultrasonically cleaning commercial Nickel Foam (NF) with hydrochloric acid, acetone, ethanol and deionized water in sequence, and drying to obtain clean nickel foam;
(2) preparation of foamed Nickel NF-based Co-MOF
Respectively preparing Co (NO) with certain concentration3)2Solution and 2-methylimidazole (C)4H6N2) Mixing the solution in equal volume to obtain mixed solution; immersing the foam nickel cleaned in the step (1) in the mixed solution, reacting at normal temperature, and changing the foam nickel into purple after the reaction is finished; then taking out the foamed nickel, washing with water and alcohol, and drying to obtain Co-MOF;
(3) preparation of foamed Nickel NF-based Co-Fe PBA
Weighing potassium ferricyanide (K)3[Fe(CN)6]) Dissolving the mixture in deionized water to form a clear solution, immersing the Co-MOF prepared in the step (2) in the solution, reacting at normal temperature for 8, and changing foamed nickel into blue-black after the reaction is finished; then taking out the foamed nickel, washing with water and alcohol, and drying to obtain Co-Fe PBA;
(4) preparation of foamed nickel NF-based Fe and N double-doped CoSe2I.e. (Fe-N-CoSe)2)
Placing the sample Co-Fe PBA prepared in the step (3) in a porcelain boat, transferring the porcelain boat into a temperature rising tube furnace with automatic program temperature control, and placing the porcelain boat in NH3Heating to the calcining temperature at the heating rate of 2-10 ℃/min in the/Ar atmosphere, naturally cooling to the room temperature after calcining, taking out, washing with water, washing with alcohol, and drying to obtain Fe-N-CoSe2。
In step (2), Co (NO)3)2·6H2Of solutions of OThe concentration is 0.05 mol.L-1，C4H6N2The concentration of the solution was 0.4 mol. L-1(ii) a The size of the foamed nickel is 2cm multiplied by 5 cm; the reaction temperature is room temperature, and the reaction time is 2-4 h.
In the step (3), in the solution, K3[Fe(CN)6The concentration of the solution was 0.02 mol. L-1(ii) a The reaction temperature is room temperature, and the reaction time is 4-12 h.
In the step (4), the NH3The volume ratio of/Ar is 1: 9; the calcination temperature is 200-400 ℃; the calcination time is 2-4 h.
In the steps (1), (2), (3) and (4), the drying temperature is 60 ℃, and the drying time is 12 h.
The invention relates to foam nickel-based Fe and N double-doped CoSe2The application of the electrocatalyst in the aspect of oxygen evolution of electrolyzed water.
And (3) analyzing the composition morphology of the product by using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). A three-electrode reaction device is adopted, a platinum wire is used as a counter electrode, a silver-silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrode is used as a reference electrode, and the electrochemical performance of the product is tested in 1M KOH electrolyte.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the preparation method disclosed by the invention is composed of simple normal-temperature reaction and low-temperature calcination reaction, and has the advantages of simple steps, short reaction time, convenience in operation, environmental friendliness and strong repeatability;
(2) the hollow nanometer triangular plate array structure of the material has obvious radial charge transport advantages and is favorable for directly transferring electrons to a conductive substrate through a nanometer array. On the other hand, the doping of the hetero atoms modifies the electronic structure of the material, optimizes the intrinsic activity of the catalyst, reduces the charge transfer resistance and improves the electron transmission speed.
(3) Due to the existence of the three-dimensional porous structure of the foamed nickel, the specific surface area of the electrode active material is greatly increased, abundant active sites are provided, the diffusion of electrolyte and reactants and the release of bubbles are facilitated, and the electrocatalytic capacity of the material in a water splitting reaction is synergistically enhanced by the factors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is CoSe as prepared2、Fe-CoSe2、N-CoSe2、Fe-N-CoSe2XRD diffractogram of electrocatalyst.
FIGS. 2a and b are the CoSe prepared2Scanning electron micrographs of the electrocatalyst; FIG. 2c is CoSe2Transmission electron micrographs of the electrocatalyst; FIGS. 2d and e are Fe-N-CoSe prepared respectively2Scanning electron micrographs of the electrocatalyst; FIG. 2f is Fe-N-CoSe2Transmission electron micrograph of electrocatalyst.
FIG. 3 shows NF and CoSe produced2、Fe-CoSe2、N-CoSe2、Fe-N-CoSe2、RuO2Comparative plot of polarization curves for the electrocatalyst oxygen generation reaction in 1M KOH solution.
FIG. 4 shows NF and CoSe produced2、Fe-CoSe2、N-CoSe2、Fe-N-CoSe2、RuO2Graph comparing the slope of the tafel curve of electrocatalysts in 1M KOH solution.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Comparative example 1 Nickel Foam (NF) based Fe doped CoSe2Preparation of the electrocatalyst:
ultrasonically cleaning foamed nickel with 3M hydrochloric acid, acetone, anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 30min, and drying at 60 deg.C.
Respectively measuring the concentration of 0.05 mol.L-1Co (NO) of3)2·6H2O40 mL, concentration 0.4 mol. L-1C of (A)4H6N240mL, after uniformly mixing in equal volume, putting (2cm multiplied by 5cm) nickel foam into the solution, standing and reacting for 2h at normal temperature, taking out the nickel foam when the reaction is finished and the color of the nickel foam is changed into purple, washing with water and alcohol, and drying for 12h at 60 ℃ to obtain the product Co-MOF.
0.658g of potassium ferricyanide (K) was weighed out3[Fe(CN)6]) Dissolved in 100mL of deionized waterAnd (3) forming a clear solution in water, putting the prepared Co-MOF into the solution, standing for 8 hours at normal temperature, taking out the foamed nickel after the reaction is finished, washing with water and alcohol, and drying for 12 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain the product Co-Fe PBA.
Placing the prepared Co-Fe PBA in a porcelain boat, transferring to a temperature-rising tube furnace with automatic program temperature control, rising the temperature to 350 ℃ in Ar atmosphere at the temperature-rising rate of 5 ℃/min, calcining for 2h, taking out after calcining and naturally cooling to room temperature, washing with water and alcohol, and drying at 60 ℃ for 12h to obtain a black product Fe-CoSe2。
Comparative example 2 Nickel Foam (NF) based CoSe2Preparation of the electrocatalyst:
the preparation method of the electrocatalytic material is basically the same as that of comparative example 1, except that: the obtained Co-MOF sample is directly put into a porcelain boat for calcination. This material is named CoSe2。
Comparative example 3N-doped CoSe with foamed Nickel (NF) as substrate2Preparation of the electrocatalyst:
the preparation method of the electrocatalytic material is basically the same as that of comparative example 2, except that: the resulting Co-MOF sample was in NH3The material was named N-CoSe (v: v ═ 1:9 calcined in an atmosphere2。
Example 1
Fe and N double-doped CoSe taking foamed Nickel (NF) as substrate2Electrocatalyst (Fe-N-CoSe)2) The preparation of (1):
ultrasonically cleaning foamed nickel with 3M hydrochloric acid, acetone, anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 30min, and drying at 60 deg.C.
Respectively measuring the concentration of 0.05 mol.L-1Co (NO) of3)240mL of the solution at a concentration of 0.4 mol. L-1C of (A)4H6N2And (3) uniformly mixing 40mL of the solution, putting (2cm multiplied by 5cm) nickel foam into the solution, standing and reacting for 2h at normal temperature, taking out the nickel foam after the reaction is finished and the color of the nickel foam is changed into purple, washing with water and alcohol, and drying for 12h at 60 ℃ to obtain the product Co-MOF.
0.658g of potassium ferricyanide (K) was weighed out3[Fe(CN)6]) Dissolving the Co-MOF into 100mL of deionized water to form a clear solution, putting the prepared Co-MOF into the solution, standing for 8h at normal temperature, taking out the foamed nickel after the reaction is finished, washing with water and alcohol, and drying for 12h at 60 ℃ to obtain the Co-Fe PBA product.
Placing the prepared Co-Fe PBA in a porcelain boat, transferring to a temperature-rising tube furnace with automatic program temperature control, and placing in NH3Heating to 350 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min in an atmosphere of 1:9, calcining for 2h, naturally cooling to room temperature after calcining, taking out, washing with water and alcohol, and drying at 60 ℃ for 12h to obtain a black product Fe-N-CoSe2。
Example 2
Fe and N double-doped CoSe taking foamed Nickel (NF) as substrate2Electrocatalyst (Fe-N-CoSe)2) The preparation of (1):
the preparation method of the electrocatalytic material is basically the same as that of the example 1, except that: at K3[Fe(CN)6]The standing time in the solution is 4 h.
Example 3
Fe and N double-doped CoSe taking foamed Nickel (NF) as substrate2Electrocatalyst (Fe-N-CoSe)2) The preparation of (1):
the preparation method of the electrocatalytic material is basically the same as that of the example 1, except that: at K3[Fe(CN)6]The standing time in the solution is 12 h.
Fe. N codoped CoSe2Experiment of electrocatalytic activity of electrode material
KOH solution with the concentration of 1 mol per liter is used as electrolyte, a three-electrode reaction device is adopted, a platinum wire is used as a counter electrode, Ag/AgCl is used as a reference electrode, the scanning speed is 2mV/s, and the Fe and N co-doped CoSe is tested2The electrode material has the performance of electrocatalytic decomposition of water to generate oxygen in a test solution.
Example 1Fe, N Co-doped CoSe2Characterization of the catalyst
FIG. 1 is CoSe as prepared2、Fe-CoSe2、N-CoSe2、Fe-N-CoSe2XRD diffraction pattern of the electrocatalyst, from which CoSe can be seen2The diffraction peak in (1) corresponds well to CoSe2Standard cards (PDF #09-0234), after Fe doping, N doping and Fe, N co-doping, CoSe2The XRD diffraction peaks of (1) are slightly shifted, but no other impurity peaks are generated, which indicates that no new substances are generated, and the situation indicates that CoSe is caused after Fe and N are doped2Distortion of the crystal lattice.
FIGS. 2a and b are the CoSe prepared2Scanning electron micrographs of the electrocatalyst, CoSe being evident from FIGS. 2a and b2The nano-sheet is a triangular nano-sheet array and the surface of the nano-sheet is smooth; FIG. 2c is CoSe2The transmission electron microscope photo of the electro-catalyst shows that the triangular nanosheet is of a solid structure; FIGS. 2d and e are Fe-N-CoSe prepared respectively2Scanning electron micrographs of the electrocatalyst, Fe-N-CoSe can be seen in FIGS. 2d, e2The nano-sheet array is still triangular but the surface of the nano-sheet becomes rough; FIG. 2f is Fe-N-CoSe2The transmission electron microscope photo of the electrocatalyst shows that the triangular nanosheet is of a hollow structure and has a rough surface.
FIG. 3 shows the prepared Fe and N atom doped CoSe2The polarization curve contrast of the oxygen evolution reaction of the electrocatalyst under the condition of 1M KOH shows that the doping of Fe and N can improve the monomer CoSe2The co-doping of Fe and N can further enhance the catalytic activity of the catalyst, Fe-N-CoSe2The current density was 50mA cm-2The corresponding overpotential is 270 mV.
FIG. 4 shows the prepared Fe and N co-doped CoSe2The slope of the Tafel curve of the electrocatalyst under the condition of 1M KOH is compared with that of the electrocatalyst, and Fe-N-CoSe can be known from the graph2Electrocatalyst versus undoped, singly doped CoSe2All with a smaller tafel slope.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of an iron and nitrogen doped cobalt selenide electrocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cleaning the foamed nickel, and drying for later use;
(2) preparing Co-MOF with foam nickel NF as a substrate;
respectively preparing Co (NO) with certain concentration3)2Solution and 2-methylimidazole (C)4H6N2) Mixing the solution in equal volume to obtain mixed solution; immersing the foam nickel cleaned in the step (1) in the mixed solution, reacting at normal temperature, and changing the foam nickel into purple after the reaction is finished; then taking out the foamed nickel, washing with water and alcohol, and drying to obtain Co-MOF;
(3) preparing Co-Fe PBA with foamed nickel NF as a substrate;
weighing potassium ferricyanide (K)3[Fe(CN)6]) Dissolving the mixture in deionized water to form a clear solution, immersing the Co-MOF prepared in the step (2) in the solution, reacting at normal temperature, and changing foamed nickel into blue-black after the reaction is finished; then taking out the foamed nickel, washing with water and alcohol, and drying to obtain Co-Fe PBA;
(4) preparation of foamed nickel NF-based Fe and N double-doped CoSe2(Fe-N-CoSe2)；
Placing the sample Co-Fe PBA prepared in the step (3) in a porcelain boat, transferring the porcelain boat into a temperature rising tube furnace with automatic program temperature control, and placing the porcelain boat in NH3Heating to a calcination temperature at a heating rate of 2-10 ℃/min in an/Ar atmosphere, naturally cooling to room temperature after calcination, taking out, washing with water, washing with alcohol, and drying to obtain the iron and nitrogen-doped cobalt selenide electrocatalyst, namely Fe-N-CoSe2。
2. The method for preparing the iron and nitrogen doped cobalt selenide electrocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the cleaning foam nickel is: and ultrasonically cleaning the commercial foamed nickel by using hydrochloric acid, acetone, ethanol and deionized water in sequence.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), Co (NO) is added to the cobalt selenide doped with iron and nitrogen3)2The concentration of the solution was 0.05 mol. L-1，C4H6N2The concentration of the solution was 0.4 mol. L-1(ii) a The size of the foamed nickel is 2cm multiplied by 5 cm; the reaction temperature is room temperature, and the reaction time is 2-4 h.
4. As claimed inThe preparation method of the iron and nitrogen doped cobalt selenide electrocatalyst according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the step (3), in the solution, K is3[Fe(CN)6The concentration of the solution was 0.02 mol. L-1(ii) a The reaction temperature is room temperature, and the reaction time is 4-12 h.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (4), the NH comprises3The volume ratio of/Ar is 1:9, the calcining temperature is 200-400 ℃, and the calcining time is 2-4 h.
6. The method for preparing the iron and nitrogen doped cobalt selenide electrocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein in the steps (1), (2), (3) and (4), the drying temperature is 60 ℃ and the drying time is 12 h.
7. An iron and nitrogen doped cobalt selenide electrocatalyst, which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. Use of an iron, nitrogen doped cobalt selenide electrocatalyst according to claim 7 for electrocatalytic decomposition of water to yield oxygen.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113235128A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-10 | 北京师范大学 | Triangular nano array assembled by iron-doped cobalt sulfide and molybdenum sulfide nanosheets and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114016073A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-02-08 | 吉林师范大学 | Fe-doped Ni0.85Preparation method of Se nanosheet array electrocatalyst |
| CN114736388A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 昆明理工大学 | Fe-doped novel two-dimensional Co-MOFs composite material, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114774972A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-22 | 浙江大学衢州研究院 | Method for synthesizing nitrogen-doped carbon-based single-atom catalyst through metal solid phase diffusion, product and application thereof |
| CN115029727A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-09 | 江西师范大学 | confined-Fe-doped CoSe 2 /MXene composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113235128A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-10 | 北京师范大学 | Triangular nano array assembled by iron-doped cobalt sulfide and molybdenum sulfide nanosheets and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114016073A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-02-08 | 吉林师范大学 | Fe-doped Ni0.85Preparation method of Se nanosheet array electrocatalyst |
| CN114016073B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2023-12-19 | 吉林师范大学 | Fe doped Ni 0.85 Preparation method of Se nano sheet array electrocatalyst |
| CN114774972A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-22 | 浙江大学衢州研究院 | Method for synthesizing nitrogen-doped carbon-based single-atom catalyst through metal solid phase diffusion, product and application thereof |
| CN114774972B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-12-08 | 浙江大学衢州研究院 | Method for synthesizing nitrogen-doped carbon-based single-atom catalyst by metal solid-phase diffusion, product and application thereof |
| CN114736388A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 昆明理工大学 | Fe-doped novel two-dimensional Co-MOFs composite material, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115029727A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-09 | 江西师范大学 | confined-Fe-doped CoSe 2 /MXene composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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