CN110813350B - A carbon-based composite electrocatalyst and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A carbon-based composite electrocatalyst and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CTENFNNZBMHDDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dopamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CTENFNNZBMHDDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001149 dopamine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910019891 RuCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VLWBWEUXNYUQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt ruthenium Chemical compound [Co].[Ru] VLWBWEUXNYUQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 phosphides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
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Abstract
本发明属于电催化剂领域，具体涉及一种高性能电化学分解水产氢的碳基复合催化剂的制备方法与应用。通过络合、煅烧、酸洗过程合成的氮掺杂碳(NC)，以其为基底材料，乙二醇为还原剂，在回流条件下得到Ru/NC电催化剂。该电催化剂材料具有较低的电荷转移电阻和析氢反应的反应势垒，在电催化析氢反应中具有优越的性能。同时，Ru在Pt系贵金属材料中价格最为低廉该催化剂成本低廉，实验操作简便，工艺简单，催化性能优越，为该类材料在电催化领域提供了基础应用研究。
The invention belongs to the field of electrocatalysts, and in particular relates to a preparation method and application of a high-performance carbon-based composite catalyst for electrochemically decomposing water to produce hydrogen. Nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) synthesized by complexation, calcination, and pickling process was used as substrate material and ethylene glycol was used as reducing agent to obtain Ru/NC electrocatalyst under reflux conditions. The electrocatalyst material has lower charge transfer resistance and reaction barrier of hydrogen evolution reaction, and has superior performance in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. At the same time, the price of Ru is the cheapest among Pt-based noble metal materials. The catalyst has low cost, simple experimental operation, simple process, and excellent catalytic performance, which provides basic application research for this type of material in the field of electrocatalysis.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电催化领域，具体涉及一种高性能电化学分解水制氢的碳基复合电催化剂及其制备方法与应用。The invention belongs to the field of electrocatalysis, and in particular relates to a high-performance carbon-based composite electrocatalyst for electrochemically decomposing water to produce hydrogen, as well as its preparation method and application.
技术背景technical background
随着化石燃料的不断消耗，为了满足当今巨大的能源需求，各种新能源产出计划受到广泛关注。氢能作为一种没有任何污染的清洁能源，有望成为化石燃料的最有效替代品。电化学分解水制氢(hydrogen evolution reaction，HER)以其高效率、环境友好、产氢纯度高以及能量波动适应性强等优点，在化学储能技术的发展中极具应用前景。With the continuous consumption of fossil fuels, in order to meet today's huge energy demand, various new energy output plans have attracted extensive attention. As a clean energy without any pollution, hydrogen energy is expected to become the most effective substitute for fossil fuels. Electrochemical water splitting for hydrogen production (hydrogen evolution reaction, HER) has great application prospects in the development of chemical energy storage technology due to its high efficiency, environmental friendliness, high purity of hydrogen production, and strong adaptability to energy fluctuations.
Pt基催化剂仍是目前最高效的HER催化剂，但其稀缺性以及高成本使他们不能广泛应用于工业生产应用中。因此，多种非铂金属催化剂已被报道，主要包括过渡金属氧化物、碳化物、氮化物、硫化物、硒化物、磷化物和氢氧化物。但是这些催化剂面临稳定性差，容易失活等缺点，同样不适用于工业上的实际应用。因此，现急需开发一种高效、高寿命、低成本的电催化剂。在Pt系贵金属中，钌(Ru)的价格最为低廉，将钌和碳的复合物作为电解水制氢的催化剂，具有价格适中、产氢效率高、循环稳定好等优点。将氮掺杂到碳基材料中，可以提高碳基材料的给电子性能，有利于钌颗粒的分散，易暴露出更多的活性位点。Pt-based catalysts are still the most efficient HER catalysts, but their scarcity and high cost prevent them from being widely used in industrial production applications. Therefore, a variety of non-platinum metal catalysts have been reported, mainly including transition metal oxides, carbides, nitrides, sulfides, selenides, phosphides, and hydroxides. However, these catalysts face disadvantages such as poor stability and easy deactivation, and are also not suitable for practical industrial applications. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-efficiency, long-life, and low-cost electrocatalyst. Among the Pt-based noble metals, ruthenium (Ru) is the cheapest. Using the composite of ruthenium and carbon as a catalyst for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water has the advantages of moderate price, high hydrogen production efficiency, and good cycle stability. Doping nitrogen into carbon-based materials can improve the electron-donating properties of carbon-based materials, facilitate the dispersion of ruthenium particles, and easily expose more active sites.
国内外学者已经在这方面开展了一些卓有成效的工作。例如，Su等人，成功合成了RuCo@NC HER催化剂，当电流密度为10mA cm-2和100mA cm-2时，过电位分别为28mV和218mV，且经过10000次CV稳定性测试后，其过电位仅增加4mV(Su J,Yang Y,Xia G,etal.Ruthenium-cobalt nanoalloys encapsulated in nitrogen-doped graphene asactiveelectrocatalysts for producing hydrogen in alkaline media[J].Naturecommunications,2017,8:14969.)。Sun等人，成功合成Ru@C4N催化剂,该催化剂具有优秀的酸性及碱性HER电催化活性。在酸性条件中，电流密度为10mA cm-2时过电位仅为6mV，以及碱性条件下电流密度为10mA cm-2时过电位仅为7mV(Sun S W,Wang G F,Zhou Y,et al.High-Performance Ru@C4N Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in BothAcidic and Alkaline Solutions[J].ACS applied materials&interfaces,2019.)。Scholars at home and abroad have carried out some fruitful work in this area. For example, Su et al. successfully synthesized RuCo@NC HER catalysts with overpotentials of 28 mV and 218 mV at current densities of 10 mA cm -2 and 100 mA cm -2 , respectively, and after 10,000 CV stability tests, its overpotential The potential increased by only 4mV (Su J, Yang Y, Xia G, et al. Ruthenium-cobalt nanoalloys encapsulated in nitrogen-doped graphene as active electrocatalysts for producing hydrogen in alkaline media [J]. Nature communications, 2017, 8: 14969.). Sun et al. successfully synthesized Ru@C 4 N catalyst, which has excellent electrocatalytic activity for acidic and basic HER. In acidic conditions, the overpotential is only 6mV at a current density of 10mA cm -2 and in alkaline conditions, the overpotential is only 7mV at a current density of 10mA cm -2 (Sun SW, Wang GF, Zhou Y, et al. High-Performance Ru@C4N Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Both Acidic and Alkaline Solutions [J]. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2019.).
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种高性能电化学分解水产氢的Ru/NC电催化剂。该发明制备的催化剂可以大大降低过电势和Tafel斜率，并且具有良好的导电性，可大幅度提高Ru基催化剂分解水催化制氢效率。另以NC为基底原位合成的Ru/NC，可以减小电极内阻，提高其导电能力，并可显著提高材料的催化活性。同时，使用廉价易得的氮掺杂碳(NC)作为催化剂的基底材料可以大大降低催化剂成本。因此，以NC为基底材料、原位合成的Ru/NC电催化剂应用于电解水制氢领域，具有较好的应用前景。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-performance Ru/NC electrocatalyst for electrochemically decomposing water to produce hydrogen. The catalyst prepared by the invention can greatly reduce the overpotential and Tafel slope, and has good electrical conductivity, which can greatly improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the Ru-based catalyst for splitting water. In addition, Ru/NC synthesized in situ with NC as the substrate can reduce the internal resistance of the electrode, improve its electrical conductivity, and significantly improve the catalytic activity of the material. At the same time, the use of cheap and readily available nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) as the substrate material of the catalyst can greatly reduce the cost of the catalyst. Therefore, the Ru/NC electrocatalyst synthesized in situ with NC as the substrate material has a good application prospect in the field of electrolysis of water for hydrogen production.
本发明技术方案如下：Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
(1)制备氮掺杂碳(NC)：(1) Preparation of nitrogen-doped carbon (NC):
a：称取盐酸多巴胺、FeCl3·6H2O于研钵中研磨，待反应物络合充分后转移至磁舟中，将磁舟转移至自动程序控温的升温管式炉中，以3～5℃/min的升温速率升温至600～800℃煅烧1～3h；待自然冷却至室温后，取出；a: Weigh dopamine hydrochloride and FeCl 3 6H 2 O and grind them in a mortar. After the reactants are fully complexed, transfer them to a magnetic boat. Transfer the magnetic boat to an automatic temperature-controlled tube furnace. Heat up to 600-800°C for 1-3 hours at a heating rate of ~5°C/min; take it out after naturally cooling to room temperature;
b：将步骤a中所得样品研磨后置于HCl溶液中搅拌，待样品中的单质铁洗净后离心，水洗醇洗，干燥得到NC纳米片；b: Grinding the sample obtained in step a, placing it in HCl solution and stirring, washing the elemental iron in the sample, centrifuging, washing with water and alcohol, and drying to obtain NC nanosheets;
(2)制备NC为基底的Ru/NC电解水制氢电催化剂：(2) Preparation of NC-based Ru/NC water electrolysis hydrogen production electrocatalyst:
a：称取RuCl3，配成RuCl3的乙二醇溶液备用；a: Weigh RuCl 3 and make it into an ethylene glycol solution of RuCl 3 for later use;
b：称取步骤(1)中烘干的NC纳米片，加入乙二醇超声分散，再加入步骤a中配好的RuCl3的乙二醇溶液分散均匀，将溶液转移至圆底烧瓶中，于180℃～200℃条件下回流1～2h；待自然冷却至室温后，转移至离心管，水洗醇洗数次，干燥得到Ru/NC催化剂。b: Weigh the NC nanosheets dried in step (1), add ethylene glycol for ultrasonic dispersion, then add RuCl prepared in step a ethylene glycol solution to disperse evenly, transfer the solution to a round-bottomed flask, Reflux at 180°C-200°C for 1-2h; after naturally cooling to room temperature, transfer to a centrifuge tube, wash with water and alcohol several times, and dry to obtain Ru/NC catalyst.
所述步骤(1)的步骤a中，盐酸多巴胺和FeCl3·6H2O的摩尔比为1：x，其中x＝1～14。In step a of the step (1), the molar ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O is 1:x, wherein x=1-14.
所述步骤(1)的步骤b中，HCl的浓度为1mol/L。In step b of the step (1), the concentration of HCl is 1mol/L.
所述步骤(2)的步骤a中，RuCl3的乙二醇溶液浓度为5mg/mL；In the step a of described step (2), RuCl The ethylene glycol solution concentration is 5mg/mL;
所述步骤(2)的步骤b中，NC在乙二醇溶液中的浓度为1～1.5mg/mL，NC纳米片和RuCl3的质量比为1:x，其中x＝0.1～0.5；优选x＝0.5。In step b of said step (2), the concentration of NC in ethylene glycol solution is 1 to 1.5 mg/mL, and the mass ratio of NC nanosheets and RuCl is 1:x, wherein x=0.1 to 0.5; preferably x=0.5.
上述步骤(1)和(2)中，所述干燥温度均为60℃，干燥时间为12h。In the above steps (1) and (2), the drying temperature is 60° C., and the drying time is 12 hours.
本发明所述的Ru/NC催化剂用于电催化制氢方面的应用。The Ru/NC catalyst described in the invention is used in the application of electrocatalytic hydrogen production.
利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)，对产物进行组成形貌分析。采用三电极反应装置，铂丝作为对电极，银氯化银(Ag/AgCI)电极作为参比电极，在1MKOH电解液中对产物进行电化学性能的测试；The composition and morphology of the product were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Using a three-electrode reaction device, platinum wire as a counter electrode, and a silver-silver chloride (Ag/AgCI) electrode as a reference electrode, the electrochemical performance of the product is tested in a 1M KOH electrolyte;
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)本发明的制备方法由简单的煅烧反应和回流反应组成，步骤简单，反应时间短，操作方便，对环境友好，可重复性强。(1) The preparation method of the present invention consists of simple calcination reaction and reflux reaction, with simple steps, short reaction time, convenient operation, environmental friendliness and strong repeatability.
(1)Pt/C催化剂仍是目前最高效的电解水制氢电催化剂，而本发明中所用到的Ru作为Pt系贵金属中最便宜的金属，成本不到Pt的1/20，却可达到Pt/C的电催化活性，大大降低了催化剂的制备成本。(1) The Pt/C catalyst is still the most efficient electrocatalyst for electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen at present, and the Ru used in the present invention is the cheapest metal among the Pt-based noble metals, and the cost is less than 1/20 of that of Pt, but it can reach The electrocatalytic activity of Pt/C greatly reduces the preparation cost of the catalyst.
(3)由于NC纳米片为Ru单质的生长提供了超大的比表面积，有效限制了颗粒大小，暴露更多的活性位点；以及NC纳米片良好的导电性有助于电子转移，这些因素协同增强了该材料在分解水反应中的电催化能力。(3) Since NC nanosheets provide a large specific surface area for the growth of Ru simple substance, which effectively limits the particle size and exposes more active sites; and the good electrical conductivity of NC nanosheets facilitates electron transfer, these factors synergistically The electrocatalytic ability of the material in the water splitting reaction is enhanced.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为所制备20％Ru/NC纳米片电催化剂以及NC纳米片的XRD衍射谱图。Figure 1 is the XRD diffraction spectrum of the prepared 20% Ru/NC nanosheet electrocatalyst and NC nanosheet.
图2a、b、c分别为所制备单纯NC纳米片、20％Ru/NC纳米片以及20％Ru/块状NC电催化剂的透射照片。Figure 2a, b, c are the transmission photos of the prepared pure NC nanosheets, 20%Ru/NC nanosheets and 20%Ru/bulk NC electrocatalysts, respectively.
图3a、b分别为所制备电催化剂在1M KOH条件下析氢反应的极化曲线对比图和过电位值对比图。Figure 3a and b are the comparison diagrams of the polarization curve and the overpotential value of the prepared electrocatalyst under the condition of 1M KOH for the hydrogen evolution reaction, respectively.
图4为所制备电催化剂在1M KOH条件下析氢反应塔菲尔曲线斜率对比图。Figure 4 is a comparison chart of the Tafel curve slopes of the prepared electrocatalysts under the condition of 1M KOH for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
图5为所制备电催化剂CV循环3000圈后的循环稳定性对比图。Figure 5 is a comparison chart of the cycle stability of the prepared electrocatalyst after 3000 CV cycles.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图以及具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
实施例1Example 1
NF为基底的20％Ru/NC纳米片(指Ru占总催化剂(NC+Ru)质量的20％)的制备：NF is the preparation of 20%Ru/NC nanosheets (meaning that Ru accounts for 20% of the total catalyst (NC+Ru) mass) of the substrate:
称取0.5689g盐酸多巴胺、5.6763g FeCl3·6H2O于研钵中充分研磨，将络合物转移至磁舟中置于自动程序控温的升温管式炉中，以5℃/min的升温速率升温至700℃煅烧2h；待自然冷却至室温后，取出，用1M HCl酸洗至没有单质铁，转移至离心管中离心，水洗醇洗数次，得到NC纳米片。Weigh 0.5689g of dopamine hydrochloride and 5.6763g of FeCl 3 6H 2 O and grind them fully in a mortar, transfer the complex to a magnetic boat and place it in a temperature-raising tube furnace with automatic temperature control, at a temperature of 5°C/min. The heating rate was increased to 700°C for calcination for 2 hours; after natural cooling to room temperature, it was taken out, pickled with 1M HCl until there was no elemental iron, transferred to a centrifuge tube for centrifugation, washed with water and alcohol several times, and NC nanosheets were obtained.
称取100mg上述制得的NC纳米片于65mL的乙二醇溶液中，加入10mL RuCl3的乙二醇溶液(5mg/mL)超声分散，190℃回流1h。待自然冷却至室温后，离心，水洗醇洗数次，60℃干燥12h,该材料命名为20％Ru/NC纳米片。
实施例2Example 2
该电催化材料的制备方法与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于:不加入FeCl3·6H2O，无需酸洗步骤，材料命名为20％Ru/块状NC。The preparation method of the electrocatalytic material is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O is not added, no pickling step is required, and the material is named 20% Ru/block NC.
实施例3Example 3
该电催化材料的制备方法与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于:称取90mg实施例1中制得的NC纳米片于71mL的乙二醇溶液中，加入4mLRuCl3的乙二醇溶液(5mg/mL)，该材料命名为10％Ru/NC纳米片(指Ru占总催化剂(NC+Ru)质量的10％)。The preparation method of this electrocatalytic material is basically the same as that of Example 1, and the difference is that: the NC nanosheets prepared in 90 mg of Example 1 are weighed in 71 mL of ethylene glycol solution, and 4 mL of RuCl is added in ethylene glycol solution ( 5mg/mL), the material is named as 10%Ru/NC nanosheets (meaning that Ru accounts for 10% of the mass of the total catalyst (NC+Ru)).
Ru/NC电极材料电催化活性实验Electrocatalytic Activity Experiment of Ru/NC Electrode Material
浓度为1M KOH溶液作为电解液，采用三电极反应装置，Pt丝为对电极，Ag/AgCI为参比电极，扫描速率是5mV/s，测试铁掺杂镍钴双金属磷化物电极材料在溶液中电催化分解水产氢性能。The concentration is 1M KOH solution as the electrolyte, using a three-electrode reaction device, Pt wire as the counter electrode, Ag/AgCI as the reference electrode, and the scan rate is 5mV/s, and the iron-doped nickel-cobalt bimetallic phosphide electrode material is tested Electrocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production performance.
实施例Ru/NC催化剂的表征分析The characterization analysis of embodiment Ru/NC catalyst
图1为所制备20％Ru/NC纳米片以及NC纳米片的XRD衍射谱图，从图中可以看出合成的催化剂材料中无其他杂质。Figure 1 is the XRD diffraction spectrum of the prepared 20% Ru/NC nanosheets and NC nanosheets, from which it can be seen that there are no other impurities in the synthesized catalyst material.
图2a、b、c分别为所制备单纯NC纳米片、20％Ru/NC纳米片以及20％Ru/块状NC电催化剂的透射电镜照片。从图可以看出，随着FeCl3·6H2O的加入可以得到纳米片形貌的NC,有利于Ru的分散。Figure 2a, b, and c are transmission electron micrographs of the prepared pure NC nanosheets, 20% Ru/NC nanosheets and 20% Ru/bulk NC electrocatalysts, respectively. It can be seen from the figure that with the addition of FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O, NC with nanosheet morphology can be obtained, which is beneficial to the dispersion of Ru.
图3a、b分别为所制备电催化剂在1M KOH条件下析氢反应的极化曲线对比图和过电位值对比图。从图可以分析出20％Ru/NC纳米片电催化剂的HER活性与20％Pt/C不分上下，相比于纯Ru，由于Ru颗粒与NC之间的协同作用，复合电催化剂表现出更优异的点催化性能。Figure 3a and b are the comparison diagrams of the polarization curve and the overpotential value of the prepared electrocatalyst under the condition of 1M KOH for the hydrogen evolution reaction, respectively. From the figure, it can be analyzed that the HER activity of 20% Ru/NC nanosheet electrocatalyst is comparable to that of 20% Pt/C. Compared with pure Ru, due to the synergistic effect between Ru particles and NC, the composite electrocatalyst exhibits better Excellent point catalytic performance.
图4为所制备电催化剂在1M KOH条件下析氢反应塔菲尔曲线斜率对比图。Figure 4 is a comparison chart of the Tafel curve slopes of the prepared electrocatalysts under the condition of 1M KOH for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
图5为20％Ru/NC纳米片电催化剂CV循环3000圈后的循环稳定性对比图。可以看出循环前后催化剂的活性相差不大。Fig. 5 is a comparison chart of the cycle stability of the 20% Ru/NC nanosheet electrocatalyst after 3000 cycles of CV cycles. It can be seen that the activity of the catalyst is not much different before and after the cycle.
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