CN112647609B - Self-adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper - Google Patents
Self-adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper Download PDFInfo
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- CN112647609B CN112647609B CN202011507875.2A CN202011507875A CN112647609B CN 112647609 B CN112647609 B CN 112647609B CN 202011507875 A CN202011507875 A CN 202011507875A CN 112647609 B CN112647609 B CN 112647609B
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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Abstract
The application relates to a self-adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper, which relates to the technical field of vibration reduction of engineering structures and comprises a first container, a mass block, a damping mechanism and a magnetic device, wherein the first container is used for being connected with the engineering structures and is internally provided with an accommodating space; the mass block is accommodated in the accommodating space and comprises a second container and magnetic particles filled in the second container, and the second container is movably connected with the first container through a spring; the damping mechanism is arranged in the accommodating space; the magnetic means is adapted to: the magnetic force on the magnetic particles is changed to change the adsorption quantity of the magnetic particles and change the mass of the mass block. The mass of the mass is changed to change the vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of engineering structure vibration reduction, in particular to a self-adaptive variable-mass tuned mass damper.
Background
With the rapid development of social economy, the engineering structure is developing towards the directions of high rise, large span, light weight and high strength, the structural rigidity and damping are relatively small, and the dynamic reaction of the structure is continuously increased under the action of dynamic load, so that the requirements of the safety, comfort and practicability of the structure are difficult to meet. The Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) generally consists of a mass block, a spring and a damper, and is widely applied to vibration control of engineering structures due to the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, low cost and the like.
TMD generally works well only when the excitation vibrations contain a major frequency component or a narrow frequency band, but for a randomly excited multiple degree of freedom system, it can be complicated and difficult to achieve damping by simply applying TMD. A common tuned mass damper adopts a discretization design, and has a good damping effect for TMD designed for a certain monovalent natural frequency or a narrow frequency range. However, when excitation is carried out over a wide frequency range, the damping effect of TMD is significantly reduced. The key to controlling the vibration response of the TMD system to the engineering structure is to tune the natural frequency of the TMD system to the natural frequency of the engineering structure.
However, some properties of the engineered structure may change over time, and the natural frequency of the engineered structure may also change, thereby reducing the control effect of the TMD system on the structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a self-adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper, and aims to solve the problem that in the related art, the vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper cannot be changed along with the change of the vibration frequency of an engineering structure in a self-adaptive mode, and the problem of great limitation is solved.
In a first aspect, there is provided an adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper comprising:
the first container is used for being connected with the engineering structure and is internally provided with a containing space;
the mass block is accommodated in the accommodating space and comprises a second container and magnetic particles filled in the second container, and the second container is movably connected with the first container through a spring;
the damping mechanism (3) is damping liquid, and the damping liquid is filled in the accommodating space (10); or the damping mechanism (3) is a viscous damper or an eddy current damper, and two ends of the damping mechanism (3) are respectively connected with the second container (20) and the first container (1);
a magnetic device adapted to: the magnetic force of the magnetic particles is changed to change the adsorption quantity of the magnetic particles and change the mass of the mass block.
In some embodiments, the magnetic device is an electromagnet adapted to: the magnetic size of the electromagnet is adjusted by changing the current passing through the electromagnet.
In some embodiments, the magnetic device comprises:
a vertically arranged guide rail;
the permanent magnet is arranged on the guide rail and can move on the guide rail along the direction close to or far away from the mass block so as to change the magnetic force of the permanent magnet on the magnetic particles.
In some embodiments, the adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper further includes a control device, the control device is connected to the magnetic device, and the control device is configured to obtain the effective mass of the mass block according to the vibration frequency of the engineering structure, and control the magnitude of the magnetic force of the magnetic device on the magnetic particles, so that the mass of the mass block reaches the effective mass; the effective mass is the mass of the mass block when the mass block resonates with the engineering structure.
In some embodiments, the effective mass m is calculated using the following equation:
in the formula: f is the vibration frequency of the engineering structure; k is the stiffness of the spring.
In some embodiments, the adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper further comprises a first detection device for detecting a vibration frequency of the engineered structure; the control device is also connected with the first detection device and used for receiving detection data of the first detection device.
In some embodiments, the adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper further comprises a second detection device disposed on the second container and configured to detect a vibration frequency of the mass; the control device is further connected with the second detection device and used for comparing the vibration frequency of the mass block with the vibration frequency of the engineering structure and judging whether the mass block and the engineering structure achieve resonance or not.
In some embodiments, the magnetic particles are made of one of iron, cobalt and nickel.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes: according to the tuned mass damper, the mass block is designed into the second container filled with the magnetic particles by changing the structure of the mass block, the magnetic device is additionally arranged, the magnetic force of the magnetic device on the magnetic particles is changed, so that the adsorption capacity of the magnetic device on the magnetic particles is changed, the adsorption capacity is increased, the mass of the mass block is reduced, the adsorption capacity is reduced, namely the magnetic device releases part of the magnetic particles into the second container, and the mass of the mass block is increased; thereby effecting a change in the mass of the mass to change the frequency of vibration of the tuned mass damper.
The embodiment of the application provides a self-adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper, and the tuned mass damper of the embodiment of the application designs a mass block into a second container filled with magnetic particles by changing the structure of the mass block, is additionally provided with a magnetic device, changes the adsorption capacity of the magnetic device to the magnetic particles by changing the magnetic force of the magnetic device to the magnetic particles, increases the adsorption capacity, reduces the mass of the mass block, namely releases part of the magnetic particles into the second container by the magnetic device, and increases the mass of the mass block; therefore, the embodiment of the application can change the vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper by changing the mass of the mass block.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper provided in an embodiment of the present application (vertical vibration, and a damping mechanism is a viscous damper or an eddy current damper);
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic device according to a first mode provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper provided in an embodiment of the present application (vertical vibration, and the damping mechanism is damping fluid);
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper provided in an embodiment of the present application (horizontal vibration, and damping mechanism is damping fluid);
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper provided in an embodiment of the present application (horizontal vibration, and the damping mechanism is a viscous damper or an eddy current damper).
In the figure: 1. a first container; 10. an accommodating space; 2. a mass block; 20. a second container; 21. magnetic particles; 3. a damping mechanism; 4. a magnetic device; 40. an electromagnet; 41. a guide rail; 42. a permanent magnet; 5. a first detection device; 6. a control device; 7. a spring; 8. and a second detection device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides an adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper, which includes a first container 1, a mass block 2, a damping mechanism 3, and a magnetic device 4, where the first container 1 is used for connecting with an engineering structure and has a receiving space 10 therein; the mass block 2 is accommodated in the accommodating space 10, the mass block 2 comprises a second container 20 and magnetic particles 21 filled in the second container 20, and the second container 20 is movably connected with the first container 1 through a spring 7; the damping mechanism 3 is arranged in the accommodating space 10; the magnetic means 4 are adapted to: by changing the magnitude of the magnetic force on the magnetic particles 21, the amount of attraction to the magnetic particles 21 is changed, and the mass of the mass block 2 is changed.
The vibration reduction principle of the self-adaptive variable-mass tuned mass damper provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows:
the first container 1 is connected with an engineering structure, the engineering structure vibrates, the vibration of the engineering structure is converted into the vibration of the mass block 2 due to the frequency tuning effect, and the mass block 2 generates periodic vibration through the stretching and compressing springs 3. Part of the kinetic energy transferred to the mass block 2 in the vibration process is converted into elastic potential energy of the spring 7 to be stored to maintain the vibration of the mass block 2, and the other part of the kinetic energy is dissipated by the damping mechanism 3 through a self energy dissipation mechanism, so that the vibration energy of the engineering structure is absorbed and dissipated, and the purpose of weakening the vibration energy of the engineering structure is achieved.
In the vibration reduction process, the vibration frequency of the engineering structure is changed, so that the vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper needs to be changed to adapt to the vibration of the engineering structure, the tuned mass damper of the embodiment of the application changes the rigidity of the mass block 2 by changing the mass of the magnetic particles 21, and the vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper is related to the mass of the mass block 2 and the rigidity of the spring 7 according to a calculation formula of the vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper, so that the vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper can be changed by changing the mass of the mass block 2 to adapt to the change of the vibration frequency of the engineering structure.
In the tuned mass damper of the embodiment of the application, the mass block 2 is designed into the second container 20 filled with the magnetic particles 21 by changing the structure of the mass block 2, the magnetic device 4 is additionally arranged, and the adsorption quantity of the magnetic device 4 to the magnetic particles 21 is changed by changing the magnetic force of the magnetic device 4 to the magnetic particles 21, so that the adsorption quantity is increased, the mass of the mass block 2 is reduced, and the adsorption quantity is reduced, namely the mass of the mass block 2 is increased when the magnetic device 4 releases part of the magnetic particles 21 into the second container 20; thereby effecting a change in the mass of the mass 2 to change the vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 2, the magnetic device 4 of the first mode of the embodiment of the present application is an electromagnet 40, and the electromagnet 40 is adapted to: the magnitude of the magnetic properties of the electromagnet 40 can be adjusted by varying the magnitude of the current supplied to the electromagnet 40.
The electromagnet 40 comprises an iron core and a coil wound on the iron core, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 40 is changed by changing the current led into the coil, so that the adsorption amount of the magnetic particles 21 is changed, and the larger the adsorption amount of the magnetic particles 21 is, the smaller the mass of the mass block 2 is, and the larger the vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper is; conversely, the smaller the amount of magnetic particles 21 attracted, i.e. the electromagnet 40 releases part of the magnetic particles 21 into the second container 20, the larger the mass of the mass block 2, the smaller the vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper.
Referring to fig. 3, the magnetic device 4 of the second mode of the embodiment of the present application includes a guide rail 41 and a permanent magnet 42, the permanent magnet 42 is disposed on the guide rail 41, and the permanent magnet 42 can move on the guide rail 41 in a direction approaching or departing from the mass block 2 to change the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 42 on the magnetic particles 21.
The permanent magnet 42 is horizontally arranged, and the distance between the permanent magnet 42 and the magnetic particles 21 is increased or decreased by driving the permanent magnet 42 to move on the guide rail 41, and the closer the permanent magnet 42 is to the magnetic particles 21, the higher the magnetic force on the magnetic particles 21 is, and the larger the adsorption amount is; the farther the permanent magnet 42 is from the magnetic particle 21, the smaller the magnetic force on the magnetic particle 21, and the smaller the amount of adsorption.
Further, the adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper further comprises a control device 6, wherein the control device 6 is connected with the magnetic device 4, and the control device 6 is used for acquiring the effective mass of the mass block 2 according to the vibration frequency of the engineering structure and controlling the magnetic force of the magnetic device 4 on the magnetic particles 21 so as to enable the mass of the mass block 2 to reach the effective mass; wherein, the effective mass is the mass of the mass block 2 when the mass block 2 resonates with the engineering structure.
According to the embodiment of the application, the vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper is accurately adjusted through the controller, so that the tuned mass damper and an engineering structure can resonate, and vibration reduction is performed to the maximum extent. Specifically, the vibration frequency of the engineering structure at the current moment is obtained through the controller, the effective mass m of the mass block 2 is calculated according to the vibration frequency of the engineering structure when the vibration frequency of the tuned mass damper is consistent with the vibration frequency of the engineering structure, and the effective mass m of the mass block 2 at the previous moment is the actual mass m 'of the mass block 2 at the current moment because the effective mass of the mass block 2 at the previous moment is known, so that the number of turns delta m needing to be adjusted can be known, and finally the control device controls the magnetic force of the magnetic device 4 to the mass block 2 to adjust the actual number of turns m' of the mass block 2 to delta m to reach the effective mass m, so that the mass block 2 and the engineering structure can resonate.
Specifically, the effective mass m is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula: f is the vibration frequency of the engineering structure; k is the stiffness of the spring 7.
Furthermore, the adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper further comprises a first detection device 5, wherein the first detection device 5 is used for detecting the vibration frequency of the engineering structure; the control device 6 is also connected to the first detection device 5 and is adapted to receive detection data of the first detection device 5.
The first detection device 5 is used for detecting the vibration frequency of the engineering structure in real time and transmitting the vibration frequency to the control device 6 in real time, and after the control device 6 receives detection data of the first detection device 5, the magnetic force of the magnetic device 4 on the mass block 2 is changed, so that the mass block 2 and the engineering structure achieve resonance.
Furthermore, the adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper further comprises a second detection device 8, wherein the second detection device 8 is arranged on the second container 20 and is used for detecting the vibration frequency of the mass block 2; the control device 6 is further connected with the second detection device 8 and is used for comparing the vibration frequency of the mass block 2 with the vibration frequency of the engineering structure and judging whether the mass block 2 and the engineering structure reach resonance or not.
Since the magnetic force of the magnetic device 4 to the mass block 2 and the distance between the magnetic device 4 and the magnetic particles 21 are not in a linear relationship with the adsorption amount of the magnetic device 4 to the magnetic particles 21 in the process of adjusting the magnetic force of the magnetic device 4 to the mass block 2, the vibration frequency of the engineering structure detected by the first detection device 5 can be compared with the vibration frequency of the mass block 2 detected by the second detection device 8 to judge whether the mass of the mass block 2 needs to be increased or decreased, so as to judge whether the magnetic force of the magnetic device 4 to the magnetic particles 21 needs to be increased or decreased. If the magnetic force of the magnetic device 4 on the magnetic particles 21 needs to be increased, the current led to the electromagnet 40 is increased, or the distance between the permanent magnet 42 and the magnetic particles 21 is reduced, during the process of changing the current and moving the permanent magnet 42, the second detection device 8 measures the vibration frequency of the mass block 2 in real time, and when the detection data of the second detection device 8 is consistent with the detection data of the first detection device 5, the current is stopped to be changed or the permanent magnet 42 is moved.
Preferably, the magnetic particles 21 are made of one of iron, cobalt, and nickel.
The magnetic particles 21 are made of the same material and the same size, so that the magnetic force of the magnetic device 4 on the magnetic particles 21 is changed to be more accurate.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the damping mechanism 3 is damping fluid, and the damping fluid is filled in the accommodating space 10.
In the vibration process of the mass block 2 in the embodiment of the application, the damping fluid attenuates the kinetic energy of the moving machinery by means of the viscous resistance of the liquid medium. And the first container 1 is a non-closed chamber, so that the mode of filling the damping liquid in the shell 1 is more convenient, and the damping liquid is convenient to supplement or replace subsequently.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 6, the damping mechanism 3 is a viscous damper or an eddy current damper, and both ends of the damping mechanism 3 are connected to the second container 20 and the first container 1, respectively.
If the mass of the mass block 2 is too large, the elastic loss of the spring 3 is serious in the vibration process, and a mechanical damping structure 5 can be adopted to damp energy consumption on the vibration of the mass block 2, so that the service life of the spring is prolonged.
Moreover, the tuned mass damper of self-adaptation variable stiffness of this application embodiment can be according to the vibration direction of engineering structure, and the vibration direction of quality piece 2 can be vertical vibration or horizontal vibration, and when horizontal vibration, the left and right sides of quality piece 2 all is connected with spring 3, and quality piece 2 passes through the gyro wheel roll connection in first container 1 to reduce the motion damping of quality piece 2.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. An adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper, comprising:
a first container (1) for connection to an engineering structure and having a receiving space (10) therein;
the mass block (2) is accommodated in the accommodating space (10), the mass block (2) comprises a second container (20) and magnetic particles (21) filled in the second container (20), and the second container (20) is movably connected with the first container (1) through a spring (7);
the damping mechanism (3) is damping liquid, and the damping liquid is filled in the accommodating space (10); or the damping mechanism (3) is a viscous damper or an eddy current damper, and two ends of the damping mechanism (3) are respectively connected with the second container (20) and the first container (1);
a magnetic device (4) adapted to: the magnetic force of the magnetic particles (21) is changed to change the adsorption quantity of the magnetic particles (21) and change the mass of the mass block (2).
2. The adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper according to claim 1, wherein said magnetic means (4) is an electromagnet (40), said electromagnet (40) being adapted to: the magnetic size of the electromagnet (40) is adjusted by changing the current passing through the electromagnet (40).
3. The adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that said magnetic means (4) comprise:
a vertically arranged guide rail (41);
the permanent magnet (42) is arranged on the guide rail (41), and the permanent magnet (42) can move on the guide rail (41) along the direction close to or far away from the mass block (2) so as to change the magnetic force of the permanent magnet (42) on the magnetic particles (21).
4. The adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper according to claim 1, further comprising a control device (6), wherein said control device (6) is connected to said magnetic device (4), and said control device (6) is configured to obtain an effective mass of said mass (2) according to a vibration frequency of said engineered structure, and to control a magnitude of a magnetic force of said magnetic device (4) on said magnetic particles (21) so as to make a mass of said mass (2) reach said effective mass; wherein, the effective mass is the mass of the mass block (2) when the mass block (2) resonates with the engineering structure.
5. The adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper according to claim 4, wherein said effective mass m is calculated using the formula:
in the formula: f is the vibration frequency of the engineering structure; k is the stiffness of the spring (7).
6. An adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper according to claim 4, characterized in that it further comprises first detection means (5), said first detection means (5) being adapted to detect the vibration frequency of said engineered structure; the control device (6) is also connected with the first detection device (5) and is used for receiving detection data of the first detection device (5).
7. An adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper according to claim 4, further comprising a second sensing device (8), said second sensing device (8) being arranged on said second container (20) and being adapted to sense the vibration frequency of said mass (2); the control device (6) is further connected with the second detection device (8) and used for comparing the vibration frequency of the mass block (2) with the vibration frequency of the engineering structure and judging whether the mass block (2) and the engineering structure achieve resonance or not.
8. The adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that said magnetic particles (21) are made of one of iron, cobalt and nickel.
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| CN202011507875.2A CN112647609B (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Self-adaptive variable mass tuned mass damper |
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| CN101413295B (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2011-04-20 | 中国海洋大学 | Self-adapting frequency conversion tuning quality damping vibration attenuation apparatus and self-adapting frequency conversion method thereof |
| CN102345333B (en) * | 2011-10-23 | 2013-08-28 | 湖南科技大学 | Variable-rigidity and variable-damping tuned mass damper |
| CN208219895U (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-12-11 | 同济大学 | A kind of eddy current tuned mass damper of half active variable mass variable damping |
| CN109578484B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2024-04-30 | 上海材料研究所有限公司 | Damping-adjustable magnetic suspension type eddy current tuned mass damper |
| CN209483848U (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-10-11 | 上海材料研究所 | Adaptive horizontal direction eddy current tuned mass damper |
| CN209620291U (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-11-12 | 湖南科技大学 | The multidirectional collision tuned mass damper of electromagnetic levitation type |
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