CN108799394B - Dynamic vibration absorber and vibration absorber group system - Google Patents
Dynamic vibration absorber and vibration absorber group system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108799394B CN108799394B CN201810814612.2A CN201810814612A CN108799394B CN 108799394 B CN108799394 B CN 108799394B CN 201810814612 A CN201810814612 A CN 201810814612A CN 108799394 B CN108799394 B CN 108799394B
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- vibration absorber
- rigid frame
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/53—Means for adjusting damping characteristics by varying fluid viscosity, e.g. electromagnetically
- F16F9/535—Magnetorheological [MR] fluid dampers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a dynamic vibration absorber, which comprises a rigid frame (100) and a mass body (110), wherein a cavity is arranged in the rigid frame (100), an object containing space is formed in the inner space of the cavity, the mass body (110) is arranged in the object containing space, and a filling space (120) is formed in the object containing space except for the residual space occupied by the mass body (110); the mass (110) is connected to the rigid frame (100) by any or all of the following: a damping liquid (130) filling the filling space (120); an elastic member (140) is provided. The invention also provides a vibration absorber group system comprising the dynamic vibration absorber. The invention can be directly arranged on structures such as buildings, bridges, railway guide rails, fan tower bodies and the like in various modes such as cementing and the like, has no influence on the original structures, and is convenient and reliable to install.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of vibration absorption, and in particular to a dynamic vibration absorber and a vibration absorber group system.
Background
Vibration absorption is a measure to reduce unwanted mechanical vibrations in various types of machinery. In practice, one often takes measures to damp vibrations in a critical part of the machine and in a certain frequency range only, so that the vibrations are not completely eliminated. Common damping measures are to reduce the excitation, avoid the resonance zone, increase the damping and use a damper.
Patent document CN207209687U provides a vibration absorber at bottom of sedan-chair, including upper padding plate, lower padding plate, the layer of absorbing, upper padding plate and lower padding plate be the rectangle metal sheet, be equipped with the layer of absorbing between the two, the layer inside of absorbing be equipped with the through-hole, the lateral wall is equipped with an annular groove. The patent document has the following advantages: a plurality of springs are arranged in the through hole, and the design of the springs enhances the vibration absorption capacity of the vibration absorption block; the side wall of the vibration absorption layer is provided with an annular groove, so that the compressed space of the vibration absorption block is increased when the vibration absorption block is compressed; the edges of the base plate adopt a round corner design, so that the vibration absorption capacity of the vibration absorption block is improved, diamond-shaped lines are engraved on the surface of the base plate, the friction effect is enhanced, and the fixation of the vibration absorption block is facilitated; the fixing hole is provided with a shockproof washer, so that the working effect of the vibration absorber is improved. However, the structure provided in this patent document is not suitable for buildings, rails, and the like because of its narrow application range, and is only capable of effectively absorbing vibrations in the vertical direction, but is poor in the vibration absorbing ability for other dimensions.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a dynamic vibration absorber and a vibration absorber group system.
The dynamic vibration absorber comprises a rigid frame and a mass body, wherein a cavity is arranged in the rigid frame, an object containing space is formed in the inner space of the cavity, the mass body is arranged in the object containing space, and a filling space is formed in the object containing space except for the space occupied by the mass body;
the mass body is connected with the rigid frame through any one or all of the following structures:
-a damping liquid filling the filling space;
-an elastic member arranged.
Preferably, the damping liquid is a magnetorheological liquid; the dynamic vibration absorber also comprises a control magnet;
the control magnets are mounted to the rigid frame and/or the mass.
Preferably, the control magnet comprises an electromagnet, and the electromagnets mounted on the rigid frame and the mass body form a first electromagnet and a second electromagnet respectively.
Preferably, the plurality of first electromagnets are wrapped outside the rigid frame, and the plurality of first electromagnets are arranged in parallel and/or in series.
Preferably, the mass comprises any one or more of the following structures:
-a ferromagnetic body;
-a permanent magnet;
-a magnetizer;
-a non-conductive magnet.
Preferably, the mass body is fixedly connected or integrally formed with stop blocks, and the stop blocks are distributed on the peripheral surface of the mass body;
and a flow channel gap is formed between the stop block and the inner wall of the rigid frame, and the flow channel gap is used for allowing the magnetorheological liquid to pass through.
Preferably, the mass body is provided with a through hole flow passage, and the through hole flow passages are all communicated, partially communicated or not communicated.
Preferably, the mass body comprises a rigid main body and an embedded permanent magnet,
an external permanent magnet is arranged on the rigid frame and serves as a control magnet.
Preferably, under the action of the control magnet, the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid are aggregated to form a rotating shaft connected between the rigid frame and the mass body.
The invention also provides a vibration absorber group system which comprises a controlled object and the dynamic vibration absorbers, wherein one or more dynamic vibration absorbers are arranged on the controlled object.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can be directly arranged on structures such as buildings, bridges, railway guide rails, fan tower bodies and the like in various modes such as cementing and the like, has no influence on the original structure, and is convenient and reliable to install;
2. the invention has the potential of absorbing and inhibiting vibration in the one-dimensional to six-dimensional directions related to translation and/or rotation;
3. the invention has self-adaptive capacity, and can dynamically track, adjust or self-adapt to the optimal working state aiming at the time-varying state of the controlled state;
4. the invention can also form a vibration absorber group system in an array or combination mode, and more effectively absorb the vibration of a large-size controlled object.
5. The invention can realize the adjustment of self damping in various ways, not only can effectively improve the bandwidth of the absorption vibration frequency, but also can adapt to the use requirement of complex environment.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vibration absorber group system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dynamic vibration absorber in the basic embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view when only the first electromagnet is provided in embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view when only the second electromagnet is provided in embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the case where the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are provided simultaneously in embodiment 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the dynamic vibration absorber according to embodiment 2;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the dynamic vibration absorber according to embodiment 3;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the dynamic vibration absorber according to the first preferred embodiment of embodiment 4;
fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second preferred embodiment of the dynamic vibration absorber according to embodiment 4;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a third preferred embodiment of the dynamic vibration absorber according to embodiment 4;
fig. 11 is an internal structural view of the dynamic vibration absorber in example 5 on the XY plane in a spatial rectangular coordinate system;
fig. 12 is an internal structural view of the dynamic vibration absorber in example 5 on the YZ plane in a spatial rectangular coordinate system;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic vibration absorber absorbing torsional vibration.
The figures show that:
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, in the basic embodiment, the dynamic vibration absorber provided by the present invention includes a rigid frame 100 and a mass body 110, wherein a cavity is disposed in the rigid frame 100, an object accommodating space is formed in an inner space of the cavity, the mass body 110 is mounted in the object accommodating space, and a filling space 120 is formed in the object accommodating space except for a space occupied by the mass body 110;
the mass 110 is connected to the rigid frame 100 by any or all of the following structures:
-a damping liquid 130 filling the filling space 120;
-a resilient member 140 provided.
In practical applications, any one or more of the following contents may be adjusted according to the main vibration frequency band of the controlled object 240, such as the viscosity of the damping liquid 130, the elasticity of the elastic element 140, and the mass size, distribution, and material of the mass body 110, to achieve the adjustment of the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber, and further achieve the effect of maximally transferring energy to the dynamic vibration absorber 110 corresponding to the frequency of the controlled object 240, so as to achieve the effect of not vibrating or damping the vibration of the controlled object 240.
Preferred examples of the basic embodiment will be explained below.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, in embodiment 1, the damping liquid 130 is a magnetorheological liquid 150; the dynamic vibration absorber further comprises a control magnet, which in this embodiment is an electromagnet, mounted on the rigid frame 100 and/or the mass body 110;
the mass 110 comprises any one or more of the following structures:
-a ferromagnetic body;
-a permanent magnet;
-a magnetizer;
-a non-conductive magnet.
The electromagnets mounted on the rigid frame 100 and the electromagnets mounted on the mass body 110 are respectively defined as a first electromagnet 160 and a second electromagnet 170, and fig. 3, 4 and 5 show preferred configurations in three cases where only the first electromagnet 160 is provided, only the second electromagnet 170 is provided, and the first electromagnet 160 and the second electromagnet 170 are provided at the same time, respectively. In practical applications, the electromagnets may be provided in plurality, and the adjustment of the damping of the magnetic fluid is realized by performing a combination of on/off operations on the electromagnets and loading the electromagnets with a given electromagnetic field, for example, the damping of the magnetorheological fluid 150 is realized in the same device volume, or the magnetic damping force/coefficient is maximized in the same volume. Preferably, the mass body 110 is preferred to select a material having a large specific gravity. Preferably, the electromagnet can be a pure electromagnetic coil, and can also be an electromagnetic coil plus iron core structure.
After the electromagnet is electrified with the electromagnetic attraction force, the change of the magnetic elasticity and/or the change of the rigidity can be realized. Specifically, when the magnetorheological fluid 150 and the elastic member 140 are adopted, damping and rigidity can be controlled simultaneously through composite elastic change; when the mass 110 is a non-electromagnet, only the damping changes; when the damping liquid 130 is a general fluid, such as a non-magnetorheological liquid, then only the stiffness changes.
As shown in fig. 6, in embodiment 2, the mass body 110 is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the stoppers 180, the plurality of stoppers 180 are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the mass body 110, and a flow channel gap 190 exists between the stoppers 180 and the inner wall of the rigid frame 100, and the flow channel gap 190 is used for the magnetorheological fluid 150 to pass through. In the cross section shown in fig. 6, one of the boundaries of the flow channel gap 190 has a square wave shape, that is, the flow channel gap 190 has a variation in the width direction dimension. On one hand, the flow resistance of the narrower part of the flow channel gap 190 is increased, which can improve the magnetic damping; on the other hand, the upper end surface of the stopper 180 can effectively block the deposition of magnetic particles toward the lower inner wall of the rigid frame 100; in addition, under the action of an external magnetic field, aggregation of magnetic particles occurs more easily in the flow channel gap 190, so that a solidification tendency occurs, and the structure of the rotating shaft is formed, so that vibration of corresponding dimensions of twisting is absorbed.
As shown in fig. 7, in embodiment 3, the mass body 110 is provided with the through-hole flow passages 200, and the plurality of through-hole flow passages 200 are all communicated, partially communicated, or not communicated. The magnetorheological fluid 150 has resistance when flowing in the through hole flow channel 200, thereby realizing the adjustment of the damping of the magnetorheological fluid.
In embodiment 4, the dynamic vibration absorber may be any combination of the above-described technical features. As shown in fig. 8, in the first preferred embodiment, the mass body 110 includes a rigid main body 210 and an embedded permanent magnet 220, the outer wall surface of the rigid main body 210 is provided with a stopper 180, and the rigid frame 100 is provided with an external permanent magnet 230 as a control magnet. In practical application, the magnetic field strength and the volume mass of the embedded permanent magnet 220 are determined according to the vibration frequency, the mass and the bandwidth of the controlled object 240. As shown in fig. 9, in a second preferred embodiment, the embedded permanent magnet 220 and the external permanent magnet 230 are replaced with a second electromagnet 170 and a first electromagnet 160, respectively. As shown in fig. 10, in the third preferred embodiment, the mass body 110 is further provided with a through-hole flow channel 200, the number of the second electromagnets 170 is set to be plural, and the stopper 180 is replaced with the elastic member 140. In summary, in the embodiment, the elastic element 140, the mass body 110, the permanent magnet, the electromagnet, the magnetorheological fluid 150, the magnetic circuit material, the through-hole flow channel 200, the structural materials, the size, the mass, the electromagnetic-permanent-magnet combination mode, the number, the arrangement array, the current/electromagnetic field applying strength, and the like can be actively or passively adjusted to achieve the optimal effect or the intelligent control effect on the time-varying controlled object 240.
As shown in fig. 11 to 13, in embodiment 5, a plurality of first electromagnets 160 are disposed to cover the outer side of the rigid frame 100, and the plurality of first electromagnets 160 are arranged in parallel and/or in series, so that by controlling the on/off of each first electromagnet 160, on one hand, the motion damping in the translational direction of the present invention can be adjusted, and the function of absorbing translational vibration of the controlled object 240 is achieved; on the other hand, as shown in fig. 13, the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid 150 may be aggregated in a certain region by the energization of a part of the first electromagnet 160, and solidified, so as to form a rotating shaft structure, thereby enabling the mass body 110 to rotate to absorb the torsional vibration of the controlled object 240. In summary, under the constraint of the single magnetic force or the combined magnetic force, the mass body 110 can rotate around the symmetrical or asymmetrical axis, or the rigidity change control in the desired rotation direction is desired, so as to realize the control of the vibration or the torsional vibration. Therefore, the translational and rotational combination of the present invention can realize the absorption of multi-dimensional vibration, and the suppression of active or adaptive vibration of the controlled object 240 is accomplished based on active damping or active stiffness adjustment. In addition, according to actual requirements, a vibration absorption and suppression structure in one-dimensional to six-dimensional directions can be designed. Preferably, the rigid frame 100 is cubic, but it is further preferable that the rigid frame 100 is also ellipsoidal, spherical, hemispherical, irregular, etc.
As shown in fig. 1, the dynamic vibration absorber provided by the present invention can be directly mounted on the controlled object 240 by means of fasteners, bonding, welding, magnetic systems, etc., without affecting the original structure, and in practical applications, the dynamic vibration absorber can also be mounted in an embedded manner by using the original structure, for example, between two flanges of an i-shaped profile. The invention has various installation forms, and the vibration absorption dimension can be flexibly controlled, so the invention can be widely applied to buildings, bridges, fan tower bodies, machine tools, vehicles and other equipment. In addition, the dynamic vibration absorber has self-adaptive capacity, and the dynamic tracking after detection is combined with a built-in or external vibration detection sensor to adjust or self-adaptively adjust to the optimal working state according to the time-varying state of the controlled state, and meanwhile, the vibration absorber group system can be formed in an array or combination mode to more effectively absorb the vibration of the large-size controlled object 240.
The invention also provides a vibration absorber group system, which comprises a controlled object 240 and the dynamic vibration absorbers, wherein one or more dynamic vibration absorbers are arranged on the controlled object 240.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (7)
1. The dynamic vibration absorber is characterized by comprising a rigid frame (100) and a mass body (110), wherein a cavity is arranged in the rigid frame (100), the inner space of the cavity forms an object containing space, the mass body (110) is arranged in the object containing space, and the residual space of the object containing space except for the space occupied by the mass body (110) forms a filling space (120);
the mass (110) is connected to the rigid frame (100) by any or all of the following:
-a damping liquid (130) filling the filling space (120);
-a resilient member (140) provided;
the damping liquid (130) is a magnetorheological liquid (150); the dynamic vibration absorber also comprises a control magnet;
the control magnet is mounted on the rigid frame (100) and/or the mass body (110);
the mass body (110) is fixedly connected with or integrally formed with the stop blocks (180), and the stop blocks (180) are distributed on the peripheral surface of the mass body (110);
a flow channel gap (190) exists between the block (180) and the inner wall of the rigid frame (100), and the flow channel gap (190) is used for the magnetorheological liquid (150) to pass through;
under the action of the control magnet, the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid (150) are aggregated to form a rotating shaft connected between the rigid frame (100) and the mass body (110).
2. The dynamic vibration absorber according to claim 1, wherein said control magnets comprise electromagnets, the electromagnets mounted on the rigid frame (100) and the mass (110) forming a first electromagnet (160) and a second electromagnet (170), respectively.
3. The dynamic vibration absorber according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of first electromagnets (160) are wrapped outside the rigid frame (100), the plurality of first electromagnets (160) being arranged in parallel and/or in series.
4. The dynamic vibration absorber of claim 1 wherein the mass (110) comprises any one or more of the following structures:
-a ferromagnetic body;
-a permanent magnet;
-a magnetizer;
-a non-conductive magnet.
5. The dynamic vibration absorber according to claim 1, wherein the mass body (110) is provided with through-hole flow passages (200), and the plurality of through-hole flow passages (200) are all, partially or not in communication with each other.
6. The dynamic vibration absorber of claim 1 wherein the mass (110) comprises a rigid body (210) and embedded permanent magnets (220),
an external permanent magnet (230) is arranged on the rigid frame (100) as a control magnet.
7. A vibration-absorber group system comprising a controlled object (240) and the dynamic vibration absorber of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein one or more dynamic vibration absorbers are mounted on the controlled object (240).
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| CN201810814612.2A CN108799394B (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Dynamic vibration absorber and vibration absorber group system |
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| CN201810814612.2A CN108799394B (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Dynamic vibration absorber and vibration absorber group system |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110094450A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-06 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of hybrid magnetorheological collision bumper |
| CN112727973B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-11-02 | 清华大学 | Magnetic liquid vibration damper |
| CN114607646A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-06-10 | 豪派福风机科技(苏州)有限公司 | Dynamic vibration absorber for industrial fan |
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