CN112640922B - 一种驱蚊组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种驱蚊组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN112640922B
CN112640922B CN202011555427.XA CN202011555427A CN112640922B CN 112640922 B CN112640922 B CN 112640922B CN 202011555427 A CN202011555427 A CN 202011555427A CN 112640922 B CN112640922 B CN 112640922B
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lithospermum
mosquito repellent
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李易春
杨静妍
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Guangdong lebi Health Technology Co.,Ltd.
Lebi (Guangzhou) Health Industry Co.,Ltd.
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Lebi Guangzhou Health Industry Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于驱蚊技术领域，具体涉及一种驱蚊组合物及其制备方法和应用。本发明驱蚊组合物包括以下组分及其质量份数：复合植物油7‑10份，紫草提取物3‑5份，蔓荆果提取物1‑3份，缓释剂1‑2份，乳化剂2‑4份，稳定剂0.1‑0.3份，水165‑182份。本发明提供的驱蚊组合物不含避蚊胺、甲醚菊酯类等的化学成分，配合天然植物精油，安全性高，无刺激性、无过敏反应等副作用，可以安全温和驱蚊，适合长期使用。另外，本发明提供的驱蚊组合物驱蚊效果明显且驱蚊持续时间长，而且蚊虫叮咬后止痒效果明显。

Description

一种驱蚊组合物及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于驱蚊技术领域，具体涉及一种驱蚊组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
蚊虫传播多种蚊媒疾病，危害人类健康，如疟疾、黄热病、登革热和西方马脑炎、乙型脑炎、西尼罗病毒病等，目前世界上约有3500多种蚊虫及其亚种，最常见的蚊虫有伊蚊属、库蚊属和按蚊属，人们在不断开发和研究相应的驱蚊产品。蚊香是最古老的天然药物驱蚊方法。早在南宋时期便出现过中药制成的驱蚊香棒。现代蚊香中含有效成分是除虫菊酯，它有驱杀蚊虫的作用。蚊香点燃后，蚊香里的除虫菊酯随着烟雾挥发出来，播散于室内的空气中，使蚊子的神经麻痹，于是蚊子或坠地丧命，或四散逃跑，从而起到驱灭蚊虫的作用。电蚊香片的驱蚊效果也不错，一般可维持6-8个小时。电蚊香的驱蚊原理是将除虫菊等吸入蚊香片中，加热后而蒸发。液体电蚊香是利用毛吸管原理，持续加热释放杀虫剂物质。但无论是电蚊香片或液体电蚊香，都含有对人体有害的有机化合物。如在密闭房间内使用，可能会产生不良反应。防蚊液的主要成分是避蚊胺，其原理是药物直接作用在蚊子的触觉器官及化学感受器，从而驱赶蚊虫。另外，如果已经被蚊虫叮咬，市场上现有的驱蚊产品止痒效果较差。
目前，市售的驱蚊产品大多含有避蚊胺、甲醚菊酯类等的化学成分，长期使用对人体健康有一定影响，而现有的含有天然植物成分的产品存在驱避蚊虫的时间短，止痒效果较差，功能较单一的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种驱蚊组合物及其制备方法和应用。本发明提供的驱蚊组合物不含避蚊胺、甲醚菊酯类等的化学成分，配合天然植物精油，安全性高，无刺激性、无过敏反应等副作用，可以安全温和驱蚊，适合长期使用。另外，本发明提供的驱蚊组合物驱蚊效果明显且驱蚊持续时间长，而且蚊虫叮咬后止痒效果明显。
一种驱蚊组合物，包括以下组分及其质量份数：
复合植物油7-10份，紫草提取物3-5份，蔓荆果提取物1-3份，缓释剂1-2份，乳化剂2-4份，稳定剂0.1-0.3份，水165-182份。
进一步地，所述的驱蚊组合物，包括以下组分及其质量份数：
复合植物油9份，紫草提取物4份，蔓荆果提取物2份，缓释剂1.5份，乳化剂3份，稳定剂0.2份，水175份。
进一步地，所述复合植物油由苦油树籽油和香柠檬果油按质量比4-6:3-5组成。
进一步地，所述复合植物油由苦油树籽油和香柠檬果油按质量比5:4组成。
进一步地，所述紫草提取物的制备方法为：
(1)将紫草粉碎，过50-80目筛，得紫草粗粉；
(2)将步骤(1)所得紫草粗粉进行冷冻处理，冷冻温度为0-4℃，冷冻时间为4-6h，得冷冻后紫草粗粉；
(3)将步骤(2)所得冷冻后紫草粗粉粉碎，过100-150目筛，得紫草微粉；
(4)将步骤(3)所得紫草微粉置于容器中，加入上述紫草微粉质量8-15倍的体积分数为95％的乙醇水溶液，超声提取，超声功率为100-200W，超声时间为7-12min，过滤，滤液减压浓缩至无乙醇味，即得。
进一步地，所述缓释剂由纳米凹凸棒土、聚乙烯醇和壳寡糖按质量比1-2:5-7:12-15组成。
进一步地，所述缓释剂由纳米凹凸棒土、聚乙烯醇和壳寡糖按质量比2:6:13组成。
进一步地，所述纳米凹凸棒土的粒径为10-30nm。
进一步地，所述纳米凹凸棒土的粒径为20nm。
进一步地，所述乳化剂由烷基糖苷和鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷按质量比2-3:5-8组成。
进一步地，所述乳化剂由烷基糖苷和鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷按质量比3:7组成。
本发明的另一目的在于提供所述的驱蚊组合物的制备方法，步骤如下：
S1将复合植物油与乳化剂混合，搅拌均匀，得混合物料A；
S2向稳定剂中加水，搅拌至完全溶解，加入缓释剂，搅拌均匀，得混合物料B；
S3在200r/min的搅拌速度下，将步骤S1所得混合物料A加入到步骤S2所得混合物料B中，搅拌30min，加入紫草提取物和蔓荆果提取物，继续搅拌30min，即得。
本发明的再一目的在于提供所述的驱蚊组合物在制备具有驱蚊和/或止痒效果的驱蚊产品中的应用。
本发明由复合植物油、紫草提取物、蔓荆果提取物、缓释剂和乳化剂等制成的驱蚊组合物不含避蚊胺、甲醚菊酯类等的化学成分，安全性高，无刺激性、无过敏反应等副作用，可以安全温和驱蚊，而且能够有效持久的驱蚊，还可以起到迅速止痒的作用。本发明中由纳米凹凸棒土、聚乙烯醇和壳寡糖按一定质量比组成的缓释剂可以控制复合植物油的挥发速度，使得产品发挥更加持久的驱蚊效果。本发明通过先将紫草粉碎成紫草粗粉，然后对紫草粗粉进行冷冻处理，再将冷冻后紫草粗粉粉碎成紫草微粉的处理过程，有利于超声提取过程中活性成分的有效溶出，提高制得的紫草提取物的止痒、消肿效果。
本发明中，紫草为紫草科植物紫草、新藏假紫草或滇紫草的根。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优势：
(1)使用本发明制得的驱蚊组合物能够有效抑制皮肤有害物质，蚊虫叮咬后可以起到迅速止痒的作用。
(2)本发明提供的驱蚊组合物不含避蚊胺、甲醚菊酯类等的化学成分，配合天然植物精油，安全性高，无刺激性、无过敏反应等副作用，可以安全温和、有效持久的驱蚊，适合长期使用。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式的描述对本发明作进一步说明，但这并非是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员根据本发明的基本思想，可以做出各种修改或改进，但是只要不脱离本发明的基本思想，均在本发明的范围之内。
本发明中所用原料如无特殊说明均为市售。如苦油树籽油可购自广州市辰诺生物科技有限公司，商品名：JarxoticTM AN20苦油树籽油，品牌名：美国嘉康JARCHEM；香柠檬果油可购自深圳市鼎诚植物香料有限公司，货号：DC-23；蔓荆果提取物可购自西安澳瑞特生物科技有限公司；聚乙烯醇可购自广州市华力森贸易有限公司，货号：PVA420H；壳寡糖可购自陕西绿莱生物科技有限公司，货号：LL732；烷基糖苷可购自广州日油科技有限公司，型号：APG08-14；鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷可购自北京百奥莱博科技有限公司，货号：Y15177；卡波姆940可购自广州博峰化工科技有限公司，型号：940。
实施例1、一种驱蚊组合物
所述的驱蚊组合物包括以下组分及其质量份数：
复合植物油7份，紫草提取物3份，蔓荆果提取物1份，缓释剂1份，乳化剂2份，稳定剂0.1份，水165份；所述复合植物油由苦油树籽油和香柠檬果油按质量比4:5组成；所述缓释剂由粒径为10nm的纳米凹凸棒土、聚乙烯醇和壳寡糖按质量比1:7:15组成，所述乳化剂由烷基糖苷和鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷按质量比2:8组成；所述稳定剂为卡波姆940。
所述紫草提取物的制备方法为：
(1)将紫草粉碎，过50目筛，得紫草粗粉；
(2)将步骤(1)所得紫草粗粉进行冷冻处理，冷冻温度为0℃，冷冻时间为4h，得冷冻后紫草粗粉；
(3)将步骤(2)所得冷冻后紫草粗粉粉碎，过100目筛，得紫草微粉；
(4)将步骤(3)所得紫草微粉置于容器中，加入上述紫草微粉质量8倍的体积分数为95％的乙醇水溶液，超声提取，超声功率为100W，超声时间为7min，过滤，滤液减压浓缩至无乙醇味，即得。
所述的驱蚊组合物的制备方法，步骤如下：
S1将复合植物油与乳化剂混合，搅拌均匀，得混合物料A；
S2向稳定剂中加水，搅拌至完全溶解，加入缓释剂，搅拌均匀，得混合物料B；
S3在200r/min的搅拌速度下，将步骤S1所得混合物料A加入到步骤S2所得混合物料B中，搅拌30min，加入紫草提取物和蔓荆果提取物，继续搅拌30min，即得。
实施例2、一种驱蚊组合物
所述的驱蚊组合物包括以下组分及其质量份数：
复合植物油10份，紫草提取物5份，蔓荆果提取物3份，缓释剂2份，乳化剂4份，稳定剂0.3份，水182份；所述复合植物油由苦油树籽油和香柠檬果油按质量比6:3组成；所述缓释剂由粒径为30nm的纳米凹凸棒土、聚乙烯醇和壳寡糖按质量比2:5:12组成，所述乳化剂由烷基糖苷和鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷按质量比3:5组成；所述稳定剂为卡波姆940。
所述紫草提取物的制备方法为：
(1)将紫草粉碎，过80目筛，得紫草粗粉；
(2)将步骤(1)所得紫草粗粉进行冷冻处理，冷冻温度为4℃，冷冻时间为6h，得冷冻后紫草粗粉；
(3)将步骤(2)所得冷冻后紫草粗粉粉碎，过150目筛，得紫草微粉；
(4)将步骤(3)所得紫草微粉置于容器中，加入上述紫草微粉质量15倍的体积分数为95％的乙醇水溶液，超声提取，超声功率为200W，超声时间为12min，过滤，滤液减压浓缩至无乙醇味，即得。
所述的驱蚊组合物的制备方法与实施例1类似。
实施例3、一种驱蚊组合物
所述的驱蚊组合物包括以下组分及其质量份数：
复合植物油9份，紫草提取物4份，蔓荆果提取物2份，缓释剂1.5份，乳化剂3份，稳定剂0.2份，水175份；所述复合植物油由苦油树籽油和香柠檬果油按质量比5:4组成；所述缓释剂由粒径为20nm的纳米凹凸棒土、聚乙烯醇和壳寡糖按质量比2:6:13组成；所述乳化剂由烷基糖苷和鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷按质量比3:7组成；所述稳定剂为卡波姆940。
所述紫草提取物的制备方法为：
(1)将紫草粉碎，过60目筛，得紫草粗粉；
(2)将步骤(1)所得紫草粗粉进行冷冻处理，冷冻温度为2℃，冷冻时间为5h，得冷冻后紫草粗粉；
(3)将步骤(2)所得冷冻后紫草粗粉粉碎，过120目筛，得紫草微粉；
(4)将步骤(3)所得紫草微粉置于容器中，加入上述紫草微粉质量9倍的体积分数为95％的乙醇水溶液，超声提取，超声功率为120W，超声时间为9min，过滤，滤液减压浓缩至无乙醇味，即得。
所述的驱蚊组合物的制备方法与实施例1类似。
对比例1、一种驱蚊组合物
所述的驱蚊组合物包括以下组分及其质量份数：
复合植物油9份，紫草提取物4份，蔓荆果提取物2份，缓释剂1.5份，乳化剂3份，稳定剂0.2份，水175份；所述复合植物油由苦油树籽油和香柠檬果油按质量比5:4组成；所述缓释剂由聚乙烯醇和壳寡糖按质量比6:13组成；所述乳化剂由烷基糖苷和鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷按质量比3:7组成；所述稳定剂为卡波姆940。
所述紫草提取物的制备方法与实施例3类似。
所述的驱蚊组合物的制备方法与实施例1类似。
与实施例3的区别在于，所述缓释剂由聚乙烯醇和壳寡糖按质量比6:13组成。
对比例2、一种驱蚊组合物
所述的驱蚊组合物包括以下组分及其质量份数：
复合植物油9份，紫草提取物4份，蔓荆果提取物2份，缓释剂1.5份，乳化剂3份，稳定剂0.2份，水175份；所述复合植物油由苦油树籽油和香柠檬果油按质量比5:4组成；所述缓释剂由粒径为20nm的纳米凹凸棒土、聚乙烯醇和壳寡糖按质量比2:6:13组成；所述乳化剂由烷基糖苷和鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷按质量比3:7组成；所述稳定剂为卡波姆940。
所述紫草提取物的制备方法为：
(1)将紫草粉碎，过120目筛，得紫草微粉；
(2)将步骤(1)所得紫草微粉置于容器中，加入上述紫草微粉质量9倍的体积分数为95％的乙醇水溶液，超声提取，超声功率为120W，超声时间为9min，过滤，滤液减压浓缩至无乙醇味，即得。
所述的驱蚊组合物的制备方法与实施例1类似。
试验例一、质量检测
1、试验材料：实施例1、实施例2、实施例3制得的驱蚊组合物。
2、试验方法：
参照NY/T 761-2008第二部分，第二法中的相关检测方法对所得产品的各项检测项目进行检测。
3、试验结果：试验结果如表1所示。
表1：质量检测结果
Figure GDA0003130501890000071
由表1可以看出，氯氰菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯等化学成分在本发明制得的驱蚊组合物中均未检出，本发明驱蚊组合物的安全性高。
试验例二、驱蚊效果测试
1、试验材料：实施例3、对比例1制得的驱蚊组合物。
2、试验方法：
参照GB/T 13917.9-2009《农药登记用卫生杀虫剂室内药效试验及评价》第9部分：驱避剂的规定，进行驱蚊效果测试。供试蚊种：白纹伊蚊，羽化后3天～5天未吸血的雌性成虫。
3、试验结果如表2所示，评价参考如表3所示。
表2：驱蚊效果测试结果
测试项目 实施例3 对比例1
有效保护时间(h) 8.5 7.0
表3：评价参考
有效保护时间 等级
≥6.0h A级
≥4.0h B级
由表2和表3可以看出，本发明实施例3制得的驱蚊组合物对白纹伊蚊驱避效果明显，本发明驱蚊组合物对测试人员的有效保护时间长达8.5h，检测级别为A级。由此可见，本发明驱蚊组合物能够有效持久的驱蚊。
试验例三、止痒、消肿效果测试
1、试验材料：实施例3、对比例2制得的驱蚊组合物。
2、试验方法：选取40名志愿者，其中男性20人，女性20人，志愿者静坐于小区绿化带边，对手臂上因蚊虫叮咬引起的瘙痒红肿的志愿者进行选择，选择手臂上有两处以上红肿处，且红肿比较明显(红肿处直径大于1.5cm)的志愿者进行止痒、消肿效果评价，一处涂抹本发明实施例3制得的驱蚊组合物，一处涂抹对比例2制得的驱蚊组合物。志愿者对止痒生效时间、有效止痒时间以及消肿效果进行评分。
3、试验结果：评分标准如表4所示，试验结果如表5所示。
表4：评分标准
Figure GDA0003130501890000081
Figure GDA0003130501890000091
表5：止痒、消肿效果测试结果
评分结果 实施例3 对比例2
止痒生效时间 2.8 2.3
有效止痒时间 2.9 2.4
消肿效果 3.0 2.5
由表5可以看出，本发明实施例3制得的驱蚊组合物的止痒生效时间、有效止痒时间以及消肿效果评分较高，这说明本发明驱蚊组合物可以起到迅速止痒的作用，且具有良好的消肿效果。与对比例2相比，本发明驱蚊组合物的止痒、消肿效果更为优异。且受试者反应，本发明提供的驱蚊组合物温和，无刺激性。

Claims (6)

1.一种驱蚊组合物，其特征在于，包括以下组分及其质量份数：
复合植物油7-10份，紫草提取物3-5份，蔓荆果提取物1-3份，缓释剂1-2份，乳化剂2-4份，稳定剂0.1-0.3份，水165-182份；
所述复合植物油由苦油树籽油和香柠檬果油按质量比4-6:3-5组成；
所述缓释剂由纳米凹凸棒土、聚乙烯醇和壳寡糖按质量比1-2:5-7:12-15组成；
所述乳化剂由烷基糖苷和鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷按质量比2-3:5-8组成；
所述稳定剂为卡波姆940；
所述紫草提取物的制备方法为：
（1）将紫草粉碎，过50-80目筛，得紫草粗粉；
（2）将步骤（1）所得紫草粗粉进行冷冻处理，冷冻温度为0-4℃，冷冻时间为4-6h，得冷冻后紫草粗粉；
（3）将步骤（2）所得冷冻后紫草粗粉粉碎，过100-150目筛，得紫草微粉；
（4）将步骤（3）所得紫草微粉置于容器中，加入上述紫草微粉质量8-15倍的体积分数为95%的乙醇水溶液，超声提取，超声功率为100-200W，超声时间为7-12min，过滤，滤液减压浓缩至无乙醇味，即得。
2.如权利要求1所述的驱蚊组合物，其特征在于，包括以下组分及其质量份数：
复合植物油9份，紫草提取物4份，蔓荆果提取物2份，缓释剂1.5份，乳化剂3份，稳定剂0.2份，水175份。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的驱蚊组合物，其特征在于，所述纳米凹凸棒土的粒径为10-30nm。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的驱蚊组合物，其特征在于，所述纳米凹凸棒土的粒径为20nm。
5.如权利要求1-4任一项所述的驱蚊组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
S1将复合植物油与乳化剂混合，搅拌均匀，得混合物料A；
S2向稳定剂中加水，搅拌至完全溶解，加入缓释剂，搅拌均匀，得混合物料B；
S3在200r/min的搅拌速度下，将步骤S1所得混合物料A加入到步骤S2所得混合物料B中，搅拌30min，加入紫草提取物和蔓荆果提取物，继续搅拌30min，即得。
6.如权利要求1-4任一项所述的驱蚊组合物在制备具有驱蚊和/或止痒效果的驱蚊产品中的应用。
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