CN112640749A - Green prevention and control method for root rot of salvia miltiorrhiza - Google Patents
Green prevention and control method for root rot of salvia miltiorrhiza Download PDFInfo
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- CN112640749A CN112640749A CN202011499489.3A CN202011499489A CN112640749A CN 112640749 A CN112640749 A CN 112640749A CN 202011499489 A CN202011499489 A CN 202011499489A CN 112640749 A CN112640749 A CN 112640749A
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- salvia miltiorrhiza
- bacterial liquid
- trichoderma harzianum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a green prevention and control method for root rot of salvia miltiorrhiza, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing materials: preparing a paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial liquid and a trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid; 2) planting salvia miltiorrhiza: firstly, preparing soil, watering in dry land to form soil moisture, preparing 1000kg of organic fertilizer per mu of land, and pouring the paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial liquid on the organic fertilizer; secondly, selecting seedlings; then processing salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings, soaking the selected salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings in a diluent of trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid for 1 minute, fishing out, shading and airing; finally, transplanting; 3) and (4) post management: keeping the soil humidity not lower than 50%, and irrigating the roots once by using a 10-time diluent of the trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid after planting for 60 days; the invention adopts the paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial liquid to treat the organic fertilizer and spreads the organic fertilizer on the ground, does not influence the nutrient content of the soil, adopts the trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid to soak the salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings, and uses the diluent to irrigate the roots, thereby increasing the protection on the planting safety of the salvia miltiorrhiza and scientifically preventing and controlling the occurrence of root rot.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of salvia miltiorrhiza planting, in particular to a green prevention and control method for salvia miltiorrhiza root rot.
Background
Salvia miltiorrhiza is an important traditional Chinese medicine and has the effects of activating blood and dissolving stasis, stimulating menstrual flow and relieving pain, clearing away heart fire and relieving restlessness, cooling blood and eliminating carbuncle. The Chinese medicine is prepared with red sage root and its rhizome. Therefore, the root planting quality of the salvia miltiorrhiza is very important in the planting process, wherein the root rot is the biggest influence on the roots of the salvia miltiorrhiza. Root rot is a disease caused by fungi, which causes root rot, gradually weakens the function of absorbing water and nutrients, and finally dies the whole plant, mainly manifested as yellowing and withering of the whole plant leaves. At present, the method for preventing and treating root rot mainly comprises the following steps of 1, selecting varieties: selecting and arranging seedling raising plots; 2. seed disinfection: before sowing, the seeds can be dressed by using 0.3 percent of procymidone or 0.1 percent of triadimefon by weight of the seeds or soaked for 5 hours by using 2000 times of 80 percent of 402 antimicrobial missible oil; the base of the cutting shoot can be immersed in the liquid medicine with the same concentration for 1 hour and then cut; (a large amount of medicaments are used for disinfecting seeds to influence the growth quality of the salvia miltiorrhiza) 3, the seedbed soil is disinfected, the hymexazol, the carbendazim and the like can be used for disinfecting the soil, and damping-off can be treated at the same time; (toxic agents are adopted to disinfect soil, damage which is difficult to repair is caused to soil, and nutrient content is reduced) 4, prevention and treatment are carried out by the agents, copper agents or metalaxyl hymexazol can be used for prevention and treatment, and during disease attack: the root can be irrigated by hymexazol or copper preparation (a large amount of toxic medicament is adopted to prevent and treat the disease of the salvia miltiorrhiza, the growth quality of the salvia miltiorrhiza is influenced, and even the drug property of the salvia miltiorrhiza is influenced). The existing prevention and treatment measures adopt a large amount of toxic medicaments, cause damage which is difficult to repair to both the salvia miltiorrhiza and soil, and meanwhile, the method can only be used for prevention and treatment, cannot achieve the prevention and control effect and is poor in prevention and control effect. Therefore, a green prevention and control method for the root rot of salvia miltiorrhiza is urgently needed to be designed to solve the problems that the root rot of salvia miltiorrhiza is harmful due to the adoption of toxic medicaments and can only be prevented and controlled but not be prevented and controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a green prevention and control method for root rot of salvia miltiorrhiza.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a green prevention and control method for root rot of salvia miltiorrhiza comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials: preparing a paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial solution, wherein the content of the paecilomyces lilacinus is 30 hundred million/g, and preparing a trichoderma harzianum bacterial solution, wherein the content of the trichoderma harzianum is 30 hundred million/g;
2) planting salvia miltiorrhiza:
firstly, preparing land, watering in case of drought to form soil moisture, keeping the soil moisture at 65% -75%, preparing 1000kg of organic fertilizer per mu of land, splashing the paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial liquid on the organic fertilizer, uniformly stirring, uniformly spreading the liquid on the land, deeply ploughing twice by using a rotary tillage rake, and then ridging and laminating;
selecting seedlings, namely selecting red sage root seedlings with root diameter at breast height of more than or equal to 0.5cm, root length of more than or equal to 15cm, bright red root epidermis and healthy reed heads;
then treating the salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings, diluting the trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid by 2-3 times with clear water, soaking the selected salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings in the diluent of the trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid for 1 minute, fishing out, shading and airing;
finally, transplanting, namely transplanting and planting the salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings in the ground according to the designed plant-row spacing;
3) and (4) post management: besides the conventional management, the soil humidity is kept to be not lower than 50%, and the roots are irrigated once by using 10 times of diluent of trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid after 60 days of planting.
Specifically, 20000g of bean cake leachate is adopted for heating and boiling the paecilomyces lilacinus liquid prepared in the step 1 for 20 minutes, the temperature is naturally reduced to 28-30 ℃, 1000g of paecilomyces lilacinus powder, 1000g of brown sugar, 5 vitamin B series tablets and 50g of trace element fertilizer are added, the temperature is kept at 30 ℃, and the paecilomyces lilacinus liquid is stored for 12 hours in a dark place.
Specifically, 20000g of bean cake leaching solution is adopted for heating and boiling the trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid prepared in the step 1 for 20 minutes, the temperature is naturally reduced to 28-30 ℃, 1000g of trichoderma harzianum bacterial powder, 1000g of brown sugar, 5 vitamin B series tablets and 50g of trace element fertilizer are added, the mixture is uniformly stirred, the temperature is kept at 30 ℃, and the mixture is stored for 12 hours.
Specifically, the depth of the deep ploughing of the rotary tillage rake in the step 2 is not less than 25 cm.
Specifically, mushroom fungus residues are adopted as the organic fertilizer in the step 2.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the green prevention and control method for the root rot of the salvia miltiorrhiza adopts the self-prepared paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial liquid to treat the organic fertilizer and spread the organic fertilizer on the ground, does not affect the nutrient content of the soil, protects the nutrient supply of the soil, adopts the self-prepared trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid to soak salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings, and uses diluent to irrigate the roots, avoids adopting highly toxic medicaments to soak the seeds and irrigate the roots, increases the protection on the planting safety of the salvia miltiorrhiza, simultaneously has higher planting quality of the salvia miltiorrhiza, and scientifically prevents and controls the occurrence of the root rot; the paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial liquid and the trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid are both prepared from pollution-free raw materials, are more scientific and environment-friendly, have lower cost and have better prevention and control effects on root rot.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely further detailed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A green prevention and control method for root rot of salvia miltiorrhiza comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a material:
1. preparing a paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial liquid: the content of the paecilomyces lilacinus is 30 hundred million/g,
20000g of bean cake extract is heated and boiled for 20 minutes, naturally cooled to 28-30 ℃, added with 1000g of purple bacteriovorus powder, 1000g of brown sugar, 5 vitamin B series tablets and 50g of trace element fertilizer, kept at 30 ℃ and stored for 12 hours in a dark place.
2. Preparing a trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid: the content of Trichoderma harzianum is 30 hundred million/g.
20000g of bean cake extract is heated and boiled for 20 minutes, naturally cooled to 28-30 ℃, added with 1000g of purple bacteriovorus powder, 1000g of brown sugar, 5 vitamin B series tablets and 50g of trace element fertilizer, kept at 30 ℃ and stored for 12 hours in a dark place.
Secondly, a salvia miltiorrhiza planting method comprises the following steps:
1. land preparation:
1) soil moisture generation
Watering to form soil moisture when meeting dry land, and keeping the soil moisture at 65-75%.
2) Fertilizing and soil preparation
Preparing 1000kg of organic fertilizer (mushroom dregs and the like) per mu, pouring the paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial liquid on the organic fertilizer, uniformly stirring, uniformly spreading on the ground, not affecting the nutrient content of the soil, protecting the nutrient supply of the soil, deeply ploughing twice by using a rotary tillage rake, deeply ploughing to a depth of not less than 25cm, and then ridging and laminating.
2. Selecting and transplanting seedlings
1) Preparation of seedlings
Selecting radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedlings with root diameter at breast height of 0.5cm or more, root length of 15cm or more, bright red-colored root epidermis, and healthy rhizoma Phragmitis.
2) Salvia miltiorrhiza seedling treatment
Diluting the Trichoderma harzianum strain liquid by 2-3 times with clear water, soaking the selected Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings in the Trichoderma harzianum strain liquid for 1 minute, fishing out, shading and air drying.
3) Transplanting
Transplanting and planting the salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings in the ground according to the designed plant-row spacing.
Third, later management
Besides the conventional management, the soil humidity is kept to be not lower than 50%, and after 60 days, the roots are irrigated once by using 10 times of diluent of trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid. The seeds and the roots are prevented from being soaked by a highly toxic medicament, the safety of the salvia miltiorrhiza planting is improved, the salvia miltiorrhiza planting quality is higher, and the occurrence of root rot is scientifically prevented and controlled.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any structural changes made under the teaching of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention, which is similar or similar to the technical solutions of the present invention.
The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (5)
1. The green prevention and control method for the root rot of the salvia miltiorrhiza is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) preparing materials: preparing a paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial solution, wherein the content of the paecilomyces lilacinus is 30 hundred million/g, and preparing a trichoderma harzianum bacterial solution, wherein the content of the trichoderma harzianum is 30 hundred million/g;
2) planting salvia miltiorrhiza:
firstly, preparing land, watering in case of drought to form soil moisture, keeping the soil moisture at 65% -75%, preparing 1000kg of organic fertilizer per mu of land, splashing the paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial liquid on the organic fertilizer, uniformly stirring, uniformly spreading the liquid on the land, deeply ploughing twice by using a rotary tillage rake, and then ridging and laminating;
selecting seedlings, namely selecting red sage root seedlings with root diameter at breast height of more than or equal to 0.5cm, root length of more than or equal to 15cm, bright red root epidermis and healthy reed heads;
then treating the salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings, diluting the trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid by 2-3 times with clear water, soaking the selected salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings in the diluent of the trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid for 1 minute, fishing out, shading and airing;
finally, transplanting, namely transplanting and planting the salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings in the ground according to the designed plant-row spacing;
3) and (4) post management: keeping the soil humidity not lower than 50%, and irrigating the roots once with 10 times of diluent of trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid after planting for 60 days.
2. The method for green prevention and control of root rot of salvia miltiorrhiza according to claim 1, wherein 20000g of bean cake leachate is adopted to prepare the paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial liquid in the step 1, the liquid is heated and boiled for 20 minutes, the liquid is naturally cooled to 28-30 ℃, 1000g of paecilomyces lilacinus powder, 1000g of brown sugar, 5 vitamin B series tablets and 50g of trace element fertilizer are added, the liquid is kept at 30 ℃, and the liquid is stored in the dark for 12 hours.
3. The method for green prevention and control of root rot of salvia miltiorrhiza according to claim 1, wherein 20000g of bean cake leachate is adopted to prepare the trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid in the step 1, the fermentation solution is heated and boiled for 20 minutes, the temperature is naturally reduced to 28-30 ℃, 1000g of trichoderma harzianum bacterial powder, 1000g of brown sugar, 5 vitamin B series tablets and 50g of trace element fertilizer are added, the mixture is uniformly stirred, the temperature is kept at 30 ℃, and the mixture is stored for 12 hours.
4. The method for green prevention and control of root rot of salvia miltiorrhiza according to claim 1, wherein the depth of deep ploughing by the rotary tillage rake in the step 2 is not less than 25 cm.
5. The green prevention and control method for root rot of salvia miltiorrhiza according to claim 1, characterized in that mushroom dregs are adopted as the organic fertilizer in the step 2.
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Application publication date: 20210413 |