CN112640681A - Full-artificial light cultivation method for herbaceous and aromatic plants - Google Patents
Full-artificial light cultivation method for herbaceous and aromatic plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN112640681A CN112640681A CN202011610537.1A CN202011610537A CN112640681A CN 112640681 A CN112640681 A CN 112640681A CN 202011610537 A CN202011610537 A CN 202011610537A CN 112640681 A CN112640681 A CN 112640681A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-artificial light cultivation method of herbaceous spice plants, which can realize the annual production of safe, healthy, green and pollution-free herbaceous spice plants with high yield by controlling light environment parameters, namely controlling the sum of the proportion of light quanta of red light (600 + 699nm) and green light (500 + 599nm) at 380 + 780nm to be 71-76% and the proportion range of the light quanta of the red light (600 + 699nm) and the green light (500 + 599nm) to be 2.1-3.7. It is simple and convenient to operate and easy to popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a full-artificial light cultivation method of herbaceous and aromatic plants.
Background
The herbs and spices are various in types, and mainly include basil, fennel, perilla, mint, angelica dahurica, liquorice, purslane and the like. The herb aromatic plants are basically used as medicines in whole herbs, are edible, have aromatic odor, and have medicinal value, so the herb aromatic plants are widely applied to daily diet. Since some herbaceous aromatic plants such as basil are natural health-care and medicinal and edible resource plants worth popularizing, the market demand is increasing continuously in recent years, and the cultivation area of edible basil is also growing. Herbaceous spices plants are mainly eaten, so that the requirements on the quality and safety of the spices are improved.
At present, herbaceous aromatic plants are mainly cultivated in open fields and fields, are easily limited by natural environment, can not realize annual cultivation production, and meanwhile, the soil is polluted by heavy metals carried by the soil, so that safe, healthy, green and pollution-free herbaceous aromatic plants cannot be produced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for cultivating herbaceous plants by using total artificial light, which can realize the annual production of safe, healthy, green and pollution-free herbaceous plants.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:
a full-artificial light cultivation method for herbaceous plants adopts a full-artificial light source with the wavelength range of 380-780nm, wherein the sum of the light quantum numbers of red light (600-699nm) and green light (500-599nm) in the total light quantum number within the wavelength range of 380-780nm is 71-76%, and the ratio of the light quantum numbers of the red light (600-699nm) and the green light (500-599nm) is 2.1-3.7.
Furthermore, the proportion of the light quantum number of the green light (500-; the proportion of the light quantum number of the red light (600-699nm) to the total light quantum number in the wavelength range of 380-780nm is 48-59%.
Further, the illumination intensity of the total artificial light source is 150-2S, photoperiod 9-16 h/d.
Preferably, the cultivation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-treatment of seeding: selecting herbaceous aromatic plant seeds with plump seeds, soaking in warm water at 50-55 deg.C for 15-20min, and soaking in clear water at 25-30 deg.C for 7-8 hr;
(2) sowing and accelerating germination: sowing the seeds into a seedling sponge block with 1 seed in each hole, accelerating germination at 22-25 ℃ after sowing, and keeping the humidity at 70-80%;
(3) seedling culture and management: until the seeds are exposed white, the seeds are moved to a total artificial light source for illumination treatment, the light intensity is 150-2S, the photoperiod is 9-15h/d, after the cotyledon grows out, the seed is cultured by using nutrient solution, the EC of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, and the pH value is 5.5-7.5;
(4) managing in a planting period: when the herbaceous aromatic plant seedlings grow to 3-4 leaves and 1 heart, the herbaceous aromatic plant seedlings are separately planted on a water culture module to be subjected to full-artificial light source illumination treatment, the root system of 2/3 is kept to be soaked in nutrient solution, the EC of the nutrient solution is 1.5-1.8mS/cm, the pH is 5.5-7.5, the temperature of the nutrient solution is 18-22 ℃, the dissolved oxygen amount is 5-6mg/L, the light period of the full-artificial light source is 10-16h/d, and the light intensity is 200-2·s；
(5) Harvesting: when the lateral branches grow over the herbaceous and aromatic plants and reach the height of 25-30cm, the herbaceous and aromatic plants can be harvested in sequence, some lateral branches and the main stem are cut off, axillary buds and some small lateral branches are reserved, and multiple harvesting can be achieved.
And (3) further, a tray is arranged below the seedling raising sponge block in the step (2) and pure water is added, and the water level of the pure water is flush with the lower surface of the sponge.
Further, the environmental conditions in the seedling stage are as follows: the ambient temperature is 21-23 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night and the ambient humidity is 70-80%.
Further, the environmental conditions in the planting period are as follows: the ambient temperature conditions are 21-24 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night and 70-80% of ambient humidity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a full-artificial light cultivation method of herbaceous spice plants, which can realize the annual production of safe, healthy, green and pollution-free herbaceous spice plants and high yield by controlling light environment parameters, namely controlling the sum of the proportion of light quanta of red light (600 + 699nm) and green light (500 + 599nm) at 380 + 780nm to be 71-76% and the proportion range of the light quanta of the red light (600 + 699nm) and the green light (500 + 599nm) to be 2.1-3.7. It is simple and convenient to operate and easy to popularize.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a peak value of light waves of the LED lamp 7;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the peak value of light wave of the LED lamp 9;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a peak value of light wave of the LED lamp 11.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
The embodiment of the invention provides a full-artificial light cultivation method of herbaceous and aromatic plants, which comprises the following steps:
pre-treatment of seeding: selecting full-grain herbaceous aromatic plant seeds, soaking in warm water at 50-55 deg.C for 15-20min, and soaking in clear water at 25-30 deg.C for 7-8 h.
Sowing and accelerating germination: sowing the seeds into a seedling sponge block with 1 seed per hole, then putting the seedling sponge block into a germination accelerating box at the temperature of 22-25 ℃ for accelerating germination, and keeping the humidity at 70-80%.
Seedling culture and management: until the seeds are exposed to the white, the seeds are moved to the position under an LED lamp for illumination treatment, and the LED spectrum composition is as follows: the sum of the proportion ratio of the light quanta of the red light (600-699nm) and the green light (500-599nm) at 380-780nm is controlled to be 71-76%, and the proportion range of the light quanta of the red light (600-699nm) and the green light (500-599nm) is 2.1-3.7, and the light intensity is 150-300 mu mol/m2S, the photoperiod is 9-15h/d, after the cotyledon grows out, the seed is changed into nutrient solution for culture, the EC is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH is 5.5-7.5, the ambient temperature is 21-23 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night and the ambient humidity is 70-80%;
managing in a planting period: when the herbaceous and aromatic plant seedlings grow to 3-4 leaves and 1 heart, the herbaceous and aromatic plant seedlings are separately planted on the water culture module and are subjected to LED light illumination treatment, LED spectrum composition is in the same seedling culture period, 2/3 root systems are kept to be soaked in nutrient solution, the EC of the nutrient solution is 1.5-1.8mS/cm, the pH value is 5.5-7.5, the temperature of the nutrient solution is 18-22 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen amount is 5-6 mg/L. The ambient temperature conditions are 21-24 ℃ in the daytime and 18-20 ℃ at night, and the environment is protectedThe ambient humidity is 70-80%. The spectrum of the LED light source meets the spectral light quantum distribution provided by the invention, the light period is 10-16h/d, and the light intensity on the surface of the blade is ensured to be 200-2·s。
Harvesting: when the lateral branches grow over the herbaceous and aromatic plants and reach the height of 25-30cm, the herbaceous and aromatic plants can be harvested in sequence, some lateral branches and the main stem are cut off, axillary buds and some small lateral branches are reserved, and multiple harvesting can be achieved.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Selecting a Greek basil variety as a test material, firstly soaking seeds in warm water at 55 ℃ for 18min, then soaking the seeds in clean water at 25 ℃ for 8h, and after the seed soaking is finished, forcibly rubbing mucilage on the surfaces of the seeds. After the seeds are completely cleaned, the seeds are sown into a seedling raising sponge block with 1 grain in each hole, and after the seeds are sown, the seeds are sprayed by pumping water and put into a germination accelerating box at the temperature of 23 ℃ for accelerating germination. After the seeds are exposed to white, the seeds are moved under an LED lamp for treatment, and the light intensity is 200 mu mol/m2S, photoperiod 10h/d, after cotyledon growth, nutrient solution was added, EC 1.0mS/cm, pH 6.5. When the seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 heart, transplanting the seedlings to a special water culture module, wherein the EC of the nutrient solution is 1.7mS/cm, the pH value is 6.5, the temperature of the nutrient solution is 20 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen amount is 5-6 mg/L. The ambient temperature conditions were 22 ℃ in the day and 18 ℃ at night. The light source is compared with a fluorescent lamp, the spectra of 7 comparison examples and 6 examples are set, and the light intensity is 250 mu mol/m2S, photoperiod of 12 h/d. And (3) culturing the Greek basil according to the cultivation method, taking the light source parameters as each embodiment and a comparison example, and counting the relevant morphological data obtained in each embodiment and comparison example after planting for 45 d. The results of the experiment are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The test results show that the growth rate of the Greek basil treated by the examples 1-6 is faster and the yield is higher than the comparative examples 1-7, wherein the yield of the example 5 is improved by 33.10% compared with the comparative example 1.
Although the embodiments have been described, once the basic inventive concept is obtained, other variations and modifications of these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art, so that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the contents of the present specification and drawings, or any other related technical fields, which are directly or indirectly applied thereto, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A full-artificial light cultivation method for herbaceous and aromatic plants is characterized in that the wavelength range of a full-artificial light source is 380-780nm, wherein the sum of the light quantum numbers of red light (600-699nm) and green light (500-599nm) in the total light quantum number in the wavelength range of 380-780nm is 71-76%, and the ratio of the light quantum numbers of the red light (600-699nm) and the green light (500-599nm) is 2.1-3.7.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the number of photons of green light (500-; the proportion of the light quantum number of the red light (600-699nm) to the total light quantum number in the wavelength range of 380-780nm is 48-59%.
3. The method for cultivating the herbaceous and aromatic plants by using the artificial light as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the illumination intensity of the artificial light source is 150 μmol/square meter/s, and the light period is 9-16 h/d.
4. The method for full-artificial cultivation of herbaceous and aromatic plants according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
(1) pre-treatment of seeding: selecting herbaceous aromatic plant seeds with plump seeds, soaking in warm water at 50-55 deg.C for 15-20min, and soaking in clear water at 25-30 deg.C for 7-8 hr;
(2) sowing and accelerating germination: sowing the seeds into a seedling sponge block with 1 seed in each hole, accelerating germination at 22-25 ℃ after sowing, and keeping the humidity at 70-80%;
(3) seedling culture and management: after the seeds are exposed to white, the seeds are moved to a full artificial light source for illumination treatment, the light intensity is 150-;
(4) managing in a planting period: when the seedlings of the herbaceous aromatic plants grow to 3-4 leaves with 1 heart, the seedlings of the herbaceous aromatic plants are separately planted on a water culture module to be subjected to full artificial light source illumination treatment, the root system of 2/3 is kept to be soaked in nutrient solution, the EC of the nutrient solution is 1.5-1.8mS/cm, the pH is 5.5-7.5, the temperature of the nutrient solution is 18-22 ℃, the dissolved oxygen amount is 5-6mg/L, the light period of the full artificial light source is 10-16h/d, and the light intensity is 200 + 400 mu mol/square meter/s;
(5) harvesting: when the lateral branches grow over the herbaceous and aromatic plants and reach the height of 25-30cm, the herbaceous and aromatic plants can be harvested in sequence, some lateral branches and the main stem are cut off, axillary buds and some small lateral branches are reserved, and multiple harvesting can be achieved.
5. The method for fully artificial cultivation of herbaceous and aromatic plants as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step (2), a tray is arranged under the seedling-raising sponge block for adding pure water, and the water level of the pure water is flush with the lower surface of the sponge.
6. The method for full-artificial cultivation of herbaceous and aromatic plants as claimed in claim 4, wherein the environmental conditions at the nursery stage are as follows: the ambient temperature is 21-23 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night and the ambient humidity is 70-80%.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the environmental conditions during the planting period are as follows: the ambient temperature conditions are 21-24 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night and 70-80% of ambient humidity.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011610537.1A CN112640681A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Full-artificial light cultivation method for herbaceous and aromatic plants |
| PCT/CN2021/107137 WO2022142283A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2021-07-19 | Method for full-artificial light cultivation of herbaceous spice plant |
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| CN202011610537.1A CN112640681A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Full-artificial light cultivation method for herbaceous and aromatic plants |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022142283A1 (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-07 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Method for full-artificial light cultivation of herbaceous spice plant |
| CN114847030A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-08-05 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Light environment regulation and control method for regulating and controlling growth and development of roots of kombucha |
| CN116195443A (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-06-02 | 中山大学附属第一医院 | Method for improving patchouli alcohol content |
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| CN115735744A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-07 | 福州大学 | Method for cultivating saline-alkali plant suaeda salsa under plant factory conditions |
| CN118044459A (en) * | 2024-04-16 | 2024-05-17 | 内蒙古草业技术创新中心有限公司 | Water planting rapid propagation method for mixed-sowing pasture |
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- 2020-12-30 CN CN202011610537.1A patent/CN112640681A/en active Pending
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2021
- 2021-07-19 WO PCT/CN2021/107137 patent/WO2022142283A1/en active Application Filing
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022142283A1 (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-07 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Method for full-artificial light cultivation of herbaceous spice plant |
| CN114847030A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-08-05 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Light environment regulation and control method for regulating and controlling growth and development of roots of kombucha |
| CN116195443A (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-06-02 | 中山大学附属第一医院 | Method for improving patchouli alcohol content |
| CN116195443B (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-09-26 | 中山大学附属第一医院 | Method for improving patchouli alcohol content |
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| WO2022142283A1 (en) | 2022-07-07 |
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