CN112627829A - Matching technology of tunnel crossing large karst cave space decomposition method - Google Patents
Matching technology of tunnel crossing large karst cave space decomposition method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112627829A CN112627829A CN202010398989.1A CN202010398989A CN112627829A CN 112627829 A CN112627829 A CN 112627829A CN 202010398989 A CN202010398989 A CN 202010398989A CN 112627829 A CN112627829 A CN 112627829A
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
In the construction of the karst tunnel, the tunnel often passes through a large karst cave area, and when the large karst cave is treated by adopting a space decomposition method, the technical problem that the tunnel passes through the large karst cave is solved by adopting corresponding technical measures. According to the space decomposition method, the tunnel top karst cave space, the tunnel bottom karst cave space and the two wing karst cave spaces of the tunnel are respectively treated in sequence, and the tunnel top space treatment technology, the tunnel bottom space treatment technology and the two wing space treatment technology are respectively adopted to treat the large karst cave.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of safe construction of karst tunnels, and particularly relates to a matching technology of a decomposition method for a tunnel passing through a large karst cave space.
Background
In the western southern China, Guizhou province, Yunnan province, Sichuan province, Chongshan mountains and severe mountains, the karst development is very typical, the karst tunnel engineering quantity is rapidly increased along with the continuous promotion of the strategy of western large development, various karst tunnel technical problems are continuously emerged, wherein the large karst cave crossing is one of the major problems in tunnel construction, and higher requirements are provided for karst cave treatment theories and technologies.
The invention relates to a construction process for a tunnel to pass through an oversize karst cave (patent number: ZL 201110200686.5), which is an invention patent authorized by an inventor in 2011, provides support treatment for the bottom of the karst cave and one side of the karst cave when the tunnel passes through the oversize karst cave, and provides an invention patent authorized by the inventor in 2019 for a large karst cave and underground river arch span structure (patent number: ZL 201920428778.0), which provides a reinforcing mode for the large karst cave and underground river arch span structure in the tunnel, but the methods do not form an instructive general method, only provide treatment measures for one aspect independently and do not form a theoretical system, the invention forms a matching technology by a decomposition method for the tunnel to pass through the large karst cave space, and forms a treatment technology for the tunnel bottom space and a treatment technology for two wing spaces of the tunnel, a perfect matching technology is formed for the space decomposition method for the tunnel to pass through the large karst cave.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a matching technology of a decomposition method for a tunnel crossing large karst cave space, and the specific scheme is as follows:
the tunnel crossing large karst cave space decomposition method is characterized in that a tunnel is divided into a tunnel top part (b), two tunnel wings (c) and a tunnel bottom part (d), the tunnel top part (b), the two tunnel wings (c) and the tunnel bottom part (d) are divided into a tunnel top karst cave space (1), a tunnel two wing karst cave space (2) and a tunnel bottom karst cave space (3) with the space between the tunnel top part (b), the two tunnel wings (c) and the tunnel bottom part (d) and the karst cave wall (a) respectively, and different reinforcement modes are selected according to different distances between the tunnel top part (b), the tunnel two wings (c) and the tunnel bottom part (d) and the karst cave wall (a.
The tunnel structure is characterized in that the space between the tunnel top (b) and the karst cave wall (a) is a tunnel top karst cave space (1), the space between the two tunnel wings (c) and the karst cave wall (a) is a tunnel two-wing karst cave space (2), and the space between the tunnel bottom (d) and the karst cave wall (a) is a tunnel bottom karst cave space (3).
When the stability of the karst cave wall (a) at the top is poor and the height of the karst cave space (1) at the top of the tunnel is large, an anchor net support (5) is adopted corresponding to the karst cave space (1) at the top of the tunnel, the pile bottom of a support column (4) is deeply inserted into the complete karst cave wall (a), a prefabricated U-shaped concrete plate (7) is installed at the pile top of the support column (4), and concrete (6) is filled in a groove of the U-shaped concrete plate (7); when the tunnel cave wall (a) is good in stability and the tunnel top cave space (1) is large in height, the tunnel cave wall (a) can be reinforced by directly adopting an anchor net support (5) without being treated; when the distance between the tunnel top (b) and the upper karst cave wall (a) is close, the heights of two wings (c) of the tunnel are increased, so that the two wings (c) of the tunnel are directly contacted with or even go deep into complete rocks at the top of the karst cave wall (a), and concrete (6) is poured into the tunnel top (b) to fill the karst cave space (1) at the top of the tunnel.
When one side of each tunnel wing (c) is closer to the karst cave wall (a), the karst cave space (2) between the two tunnel wings (c) and the karst cave wall (a) is reinforced by an anchor net support (5) and backfilled by pumping concrete (6) on the side; and when the distance between the two wings (c) of the tunnel and the wall (a) of the tunnel is larger, the thickness and the height of the two wings (c) of the tunnel are increased.
When the tunnel bottom karst cave space (3) between the tunnel bottom (d) and the karst cave wall (a) is large in height and the karst cave is rich in water (9), a beam plate (7) crossing mode is adopted to penetrate through the karst cave, and a pile (8) is driven into the karst cave wall (a) to play a role in fixing, and meanwhile, the mode can play a role in protecting the water (9); when the height of the karst cave space at the bottom of the tunnel is smaller, the heights of the two wings (c) of the tunnel are increased, so that the heights of the two wings (c) of the tunnel are larger than the maximum height of water (9) and exceed the height of not less than 2m, and the water (9) is prevented from entering the top (b) of the tunnel.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a matching technology of a tunnel crossing large karst cave space decomposition method, which provides a matching technology for the space decomposition method in engineering application, divides the position relation between tunnels and karst caves, adopts different reinforcement modes for different conditions, simultaneously, the tunnel top, the tunnel bottom and the karst cave space management matching technology of two wings of the tunnels are not mutually independent, but are mutually associated integral systems, and the relation among the three is comprehensively considered, thereby achieving the purposes of safety, science, system and economy of the space decomposition method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a spatially exploded conceptual diagram.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of a U-shaped concrete slab support column.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of anchor net spraying treatment technology.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a technology for increasing the height of a retaining wall.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a crossover treatment technique.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of grouting reinforcement treatment technology.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a single-wing karst cave space governance technique.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the two-wing karst cave space retaining wall treatment technology.
In the figure:
the karst cave construction method comprises the following steps of karst cave wall a, tunnel top b, two tunnel wings c, tunnel bottom d, tunnel top karst cave space 1, two tunnel wing karst cave spaces 2, tunnel bottom karst cave space 3, support columns 4, anchor net supports 5, concrete 6, U-shaped concrete plates 7, piles 8 and water 9.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
The matching technology of the decomposition method for the tunnel crossing large karst cave space shown in figure 1 is characterized in that the tunnel is divided into three parts, namely a tunnel top part (b), two tunnel wings (c) and a tunnel bottom part (d), the space between the tunnel top part (b), the two tunnel wings (c) and the tunnel bottom part (d) and a karst cave wall (a) is divided into a tunnel top karst cave space (1), a tunnel two wing karst cave space (2) and a tunnel bottom karst cave space (3), and different reinforcement modes are selected for the tunnel top part (b), the two tunnel wings (c) and the tunnel bottom part (d) and the karst cave wall (a) according to different distances.
The matching technology of the decomposition method of the tunnel crossing large karst cave space shown in figure 2 is characterized in that when the stability of the karst cave wall (a) at the top is poor and the height of the karst cave space (1) at the top of the tunnel is large, an anchor net support (5) is adopted for the karst cave space (1) at the top of the tunnel, the pile bottom of a support column (4) is deeply inserted into the whole karst cave wall (a), a prefabricated U-shaped concrete plate (7) is installed at the pile top of the support column (4), and concrete (6) is filled in a groove of the U-shaped concrete plate (7).
The matching technology of the decomposition method for the tunnel crossing large cavern space shown in the figure 3 is characterized in that the cavern space (1) at the top of the tunnel between the top (b) of the tunnel and the cavern wall (a) of the tunnel can be directly supported by an anchor net support (5) without processing the cavern wall (a) when the cavern wall (a) is stable and the cavern space (1) at the top of the tunnel is high.
The matching technology of the decomposition method for the tunnel crossing large cavern space shown in figure 4 is characterized in that the tunnel top cavern space (1) between the tunnel top (b) and the cavern wall (a) is increased in height when the distance between the tunnel top (b) and the upper cavern wall (a) is short, so that the two wings (c) of the tunnel are directly contacted with or even deeply enter the complete rocks at the top of the cavern wall (a), and concrete (6) is poured into the tunnel top (b) to fill the tunnel top cavern space (1).
The matching technology of the decomposition method for the tunnel crossing large karst cave space shown in figure 5 is characterized in that when one side of the two wings (c) of the tunnel is close to the karst cave wall (a), the karst cave space (2) between the two wings (c) of the tunnel and the karst cave wall (a) of the tunnel is firstly reinforced by an anchor net support (5), and then the side is backfilled by pumping concrete (6).
The matching technology of the decomposition method for the tunnel crossing large cavern space shown in fig. 6 is characterized in that the thickness and the height of the two wings (c) of the tunnel are increased when the distance between the two wings (c) of the tunnel and the cavern wall (a) is larger than the distance between the two wings (c) of the tunnel and the cavern wall (a).
The matching technology of the decomposition method for the tunnel crossing large cavern space shown in figure 7 is characterized in that the tunnel bottom cavern space (3) between the tunnel bottom (d) and the cavern wall (a) adopts a beam plate (7) crossing mode to pass through the cavern when the tunnel bottom cavern space (3) is large in height and the cavern contains abundant water (9), and piles (8) are driven into the cavern wall (a) to play a role in fixing, and the mode can play a role in protecting the water (9).
The matching technology of the tunnel crossing large cavern space decomposition method shown in fig. 8 is characterized in that the tunnel bottom cavern space (3) between the tunnel bottom (d) and the cavern wall (a) is increased in height when the tunnel bottom cavern space is smaller, so that the tunnel wings (c) are higher than the maximum height of water (9) and exceed the height by not less than 2m, and the water (9) is prevented from entering the tunnel top (b).
Claims (5)
1. The matching technology of the tunnel crossing large karst cave space decomposition method is characterized by comprising a tunnel top space treatment technology, a tunnel bottom space treatment technology and a tunnel two-wing space treatment technology.
2. The matching technology of the decomposition method for the tunnel crossing large cavern space according to claim 1, wherein the treatment technology for the tunnel top space has the following requirements: when the stability of the top karst cave wall (a) is poor and the height of the top karst cave space (1) of the tunnel is large, adopting an anchor net support (5) corresponding to the top karst cave space (1) of the tunnel, penetrating the bottom of a support column (4) into the complete karst cave wall (a), installing a U-shaped concrete plate (7) on the top of the support column (4), and filling concrete (6) in a groove of the U-shaped concrete plate (7); when the tunnel cave wall (a) is good in stability and the tunnel top cave space (1) is large in height, the tunnel cave wall (a) can be reinforced by directly adopting an anchor net support (5) without being treated; when the distance between the tunnel top (b) and the upper karst cave wall (a) is close, the heights of two wings (c) of the tunnel are increased, so that the two wings (c) of the tunnel are directly contacted with or even go deep into complete rocks at the top of the karst cave wall (a), and concrete (6) is poured into the tunnel top (b) to fill the karst cave space (1) at the top of the tunnel.
3. The matching technology of the decomposition method for the tunnel crossing large karst cave space according to claim 1, wherein the treatment technology for the two wing spaces of the tunnel has the following requirements: when one side of each tunnel wing (c) is closer to the karst cave wall (a), the karst cave wall (a) is firstly reinforced by an anchor net support (5), and then the side is backfilled by pumping concrete (6); and when the distance between the two wings (c) of the tunnel and the wall (a) of the tunnel is larger, the thickness and the height of the two wings (c) of the tunnel are increased.
4. The matching technology of the decomposition method for the tunnel crossing large cavern space according to claim 1, wherein the treatment technology for the bottom space of the tunnel has the following requirements: when the tunnel bottom karst cave space (3) between the tunnel bottom (d) and the karst cave wall (a) is large in height and the karst cave is rich in water (9), a beam plate (7) crossing mode is adopted to penetrate through the karst cave, and a pile (8) is driven into the karst cave wall (a) to play a role in fixing, and meanwhile, the mode can play a role in protecting the water (9); when the height of the karst cave space at the bottom of the tunnel is smaller, the heights of the two wings (c) of the tunnel are increased, so that the heights of the two wings (c) of the tunnel are larger than the maximum height of water (9) and exceed the height of not less than 2m, and the water (9) is prevented from entering the top (b) of the tunnel.
5. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
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| CN202010398989.1A CN112627829B (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Matching method of tunnel crossing large karst cave space decomposition method |
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| CN202010398989.1A CN112627829B (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Matching method of tunnel crossing large karst cave space decomposition method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102061923A (en) * | 2010-11-28 | 2011-05-18 | 山东科技大学 | Tunnel construction method capable of protecting existing building |
| CN102296961A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2011-12-28 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Karst tunnel large-scale cavern processing method |
| CN104373134A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-25 | 山东科技大学 | Space division method for treating large complex cave |
| CN106246192A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-21 | 北京市政路桥股份有限公司 | Large-scale karst cave treatment under a kind of tunnel basis and base plate and tunnel excavation method |
| CN207295685U (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2018-05-01 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Huge karst cavity ruggedized construction in Railway Tunnel |
| JP2020023865A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-02-13 | 株式会社奥村組 | Tunnel lining concrete placement management method |
-
2020
- 2020-05-13 CN CN202010398989.1A patent/CN112627829B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102061923A (en) * | 2010-11-28 | 2011-05-18 | 山东科技大学 | Tunnel construction method capable of protecting existing building |
| CN102296961A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2011-12-28 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Karst tunnel large-scale cavern processing method |
| CN104373134A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-25 | 山东科技大学 | Space division method for treating large complex cave |
| CN106246192A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-21 | 北京市政路桥股份有限公司 | Large-scale karst cave treatment under a kind of tunnel basis and base plate and tunnel excavation method |
| CN207295685U (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2018-05-01 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Huge karst cavity ruggedized construction in Railway Tunnel |
| JP2020023865A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-02-13 | 株式会社奥村組 | Tunnel lining concrete placement management method |
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