CN112626848B - 便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物、制备方法及应用 - Google Patents

便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物、制备方法及应用 Download PDF

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CN112626848B
CN112626848B CN202011484502.8A CN202011484502A CN112626848B CN 112626848 B CN112626848 B CN 112626848B CN 202011484502 A CN202011484502 A CN 202011484502A CN 112626848 B CN112626848 B CN 112626848B
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马良玉
秦丛雯
王斌琦
聂毅
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Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物、制备方法及应用，步骤如下：将电热布基布置于导电分散液中浸染，之后辊压烘干；其中导电分散液包括以下重量份的组分：石墨烯浆料和碳纳米管浆料共88‑96份，水性树脂2‑10份，离子液体分散剂及助分散剂1份，染整助剂1份，本发明所制备的便携式石墨烯/碳纳米管低压电发热片，升温迅速，表面温度分布均匀，具有远红外辐射理疗作用，电压控制在人体安全电压5‑36V内，发热温度可在30‑82℃之间进行调节，且轻质便于携带，可水洗，是一种安全且环保的低压电热理疗织物。可应用于电发热服装、电发热腰带、电加热鞋垫、电发热毯等领域。

Description

便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物、制备方法及应用
技术领域
本发明涉及电热布领域，具体涉及一种便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物、制备方法及应用。
背景技术
将普通纤维织物赋予电加热的功能可满足人们日常保暖及户外活动的需要。在电加热的基础上，能吸收和发射远红外线的功能纤维织物的吸收波段以3-15微米为主，其吸收波段与石墨烯和碳纳米管的远红外线作用波段重合，从而赋予碳纳米复合织物保暖及理疗功能。以石墨烯和碳纳米管为主的碳纳米粒子，可吸收和辐射高达40%的远红外线，其复合电热织物的主要功能是保暖，促进身体不同部位的血液循环，消除疲劳等。
目前，目前常见的电加热织物大多数采用在织物或柔性基材表面盘绕电热丝的方法，多为线状发热。常见的织物用电热丝多为碳纤维、金属丝或非金属电热丝，线状发热容易出现温度不均的情况，且织物不耐弯折。以碳纳米管和石墨烯长丝为电热丝的布面多采用机织混纺普通纤维，工艺较为复杂，所需电压、电流较高。因此，开发一种柔性、轻质、低压、安全且发热均匀的碳纳米远红外电发热布十分必要。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物、制备方法及应用，制备出轻质、耐弯折、成本低，发热均匀、温度可控、易携带的织物，可作为电发热鞋垫、电发热腰带、电发热服装、电发热毯的电热原件使用。
实现本发明的技术方案是：
一种便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物的制备方法，步骤如下：
将电热布基布置于导电分散液中浸染，之后辊压烘干；其中导电分散液包括以下重量份的组分：石墨烯浆料和碳纳米管浆料共88-96份，水性树脂2-10份，离子液体分散剂及助分散剂1份，染整助剂1份，导电液粘度100-1000mPa·s。
具体的，电热布基布首先经过纯水清洗掉表面污垢，其次在导电分散液中充分浸染后辊压，刮去表面多余导电分散液的同时增强分散液与基布结合能力，其后50℃烘干得到电发热布。
所述石墨烯浆料与碳纳米管浆料质量比为（3:7）-（7:3）。
所述水性树脂分散液为水性丙烯酸树脂、环氧树脂或水性聚氨酯中的一种或两种，离子液体分散剂为BmimBr；助分散剂为脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物。
所述染整助剂包括渗透剂和消泡剂，其中渗透剂为聚氧乙烯醚类化合物，消泡剂为聚硅氧烷系列。
所述电热布基布的经纬线由150D的棉纤维、涤纶纤维或粘胶纤维纺织而成，经线以一定间距织入导电金属丝。
所述的电发热布基布由普通纤维和金属丝混纺而成，经线为普通纤维丝和镀锡软圆铜线，纬线为普通纤维丝，可以为涤纶、棉纤维或粘胶纤维的一种或几种。金属丝包括但不限于镀锡软圆铜线，普通纤维丝包括但不限于棉纤维、涤纶纤维、粘胶纤维。
所述电热布基布的编织方式为编织密度每厘米20-24根，编织方式为经线每隔5-30cm织入3-4根导电金属丝。
优选地，所述的电热布基布的编织方式为编织密度每厘米20-24根，经纬纱纸为经纱17支、纬纱17支。编织方式为经线每隔5cm织入三根铜丝，基布两侧分别留出2cm以供剪裁。经线每隔10cm织入三根铜丝，两侧分别留出3cm以方便剪裁。经线每隔30cm织入四根金属丝，两侧分别留出5cm以供剪裁。
将烘干后的电热布表面采用热熔胶法覆盖带有PVC涂层绝缘防水布或绝缘防水膜，用导线将电热布内部通电线路与控温开关及USB/DC端口连接后形成独立可水洗的发热片。
所述低压碳纳米电发热织物使用电压在5-36V内，发热温度在30-82℃内可调节。
所述的低压碳纳米电发热织物在电发热服装、电发热腰带、电加热鞋垫或电发热毯领域的应用。所述的便携式电发热织物包括电发热布（基布、导电层）、通电线路、绝缘防水层、温控开关，充电装置等主要部分。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明所制备的便携式石墨烯/碳纳米管低压电发热片，升温迅速，表面温度分布均匀，具有远红外辐射理疗作用，电压控制在人体安全电压5-36V内，发热温度可在30-82℃之间进行调节，且轻质便于携带，可水洗，是一种安全且环保的低压电热理疗织物。可应用于电发热服装、电发热腰带、电加热鞋垫、电发热毯等领域。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明发热布结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本实施例的便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物的制备方法，其导电分散液由以下重量份的组分组成，其中水性碳纳米浆料含量88份，石墨烯浆料与碳纳米管浆料质量之比为3：7。水性聚氨酯分散液5份，水性丙烯酸树脂5份，离子液体分散剂BminBr 0.5份，助分散剂脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物0.5份、聚氧乙烯醚类渗透剂0.6份、所述染整助剂包括渗透剂和消泡剂，其中渗透剂为聚氧乙烯醚类化合物，消泡剂为聚硅氧烷系列消泡剂0.4份。将上述导电浆料及助剂在高速剪切分散机内充分混合成导电分散液。
电热布基布经纬线由150D棉纤维纺织而成，经线以一定间距织入导电铜丝，金属丝间距5cm，剪裁为7×7cm的基布，基布在导电分散液中浸染后50℃热压烘干制成电热布。电热布表面电阻45-50 Ω/□，表面热压绝缘防水膜，导电线路经接线端子与温控开关和USB端口连接形成独立电发热片，USB端口可与充电宝或充电端口连接实现供电。
电发热布在5V、9V电压下发热温度分别可达到32℃、50℃，可应用在电发热鞋、电发热眼罩，电发热腰带、电发热服装等领域。
实施例2
本实施例的便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物的制备方法，导电分散液中水性碳纳米浆料96份，其中石墨烯浆料与碳纳米管浆料质量之比5：5。水性聚氨酯分散液1份，环氧树脂分散液1份，离子液体分散剂BmimBr0.5份，助分散剂脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物0.5份、聚氧乙烯醚类渗透剂0.6份、聚硅氧烷系列消泡剂0.4份。将上述导电浆料及助剂在高速剪切分散机内充分混合成导电分散液。
电热布基布经线由150D棉纤维和金属丝纤维、纬线为普通150D涤纶纤维混纺而成，金属丝间距5cm。电热布由剪裁为7×7cm的基布在导电分散液中浸染后经数次辊压后50℃烘干而成。电热布表面电阻18-25 Ω/□。电发热片内部铜丝电路经接线端子与温控开关和USB端口连接，外部热压覆盖绝缘防水布后形成独立发热片。
电发热片在5V、9V电压下发热温度分别可达到38℃、72℃，可应用在电发热鞋、电发热眼罩、电发热腰带、电发热服装等领域。
实施例3
本实施例的便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物的制备方法，导电分散液中水性碳纳米浆料92份，石墨烯浆料与碳纳米管浆料质量之比7：3。水性聚氨酯分散液6份，离子液体分散剂BmimBr0.5份，助分散剂脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物0.5份、聚氧乙烯醚类渗透剂0.6份、聚硅氧烷系列消泡剂0.4份。将上述浆料及助剂在高速剪切分散机内充分混合成导电分散液。
电热布基布经线由150D涤纶纤维和金属丝纤维、纬线为150D粘胶纤维混纺而成，金属丝间距5cm。电热布由剪裁为7×7cm的基布在导电分散液中浸染后经数次辊压后50℃烘干而成。电发热布表面电阻10-15 Ω/□。电发热片内部电路由铜线经接线端子与温控开关和USB端口连接，外部热压覆盖绝缘防水布后形成可拆卸的独立发热片。
电发热片在5V、9V电压下发热温度分别可达到44℃、82℃，可应用在电发热鞋、电发热眼罩、电发热腰带、电发热服装等领域。
实施例4
本实施例的便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物的制备方法，导电分散液中水性碳纳米浆料92份，石墨烯浆料与碳纳米管浆料质量之比7：3，水性聚氨酯分散液5份，水性丙烯酸树脂分散液1份，离子液体分散剂BmimBr0.5份、助分散剂脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物0.5份、聚氧乙烯醚类渗透剂0.6份、聚硅氧烷系列消泡剂0.4份。将上述浆料及助剂在高速剪切分散机内充分混合成导电分散液。
电热布基布经纬线由150D涤纶纤维织成，纬线按一定距离织入导电铜丝，金属丝间距10cm。电热布由剪裁为18×12cm的基布在导电分散液中浸染后经数次辊压后50℃烘干而成。电发热布表面电阻8-12 Ω/□。电发热片内部铜线电路经由接线端子与温控开关和USB或DC端口连接，外部热压覆盖绝缘防水布后形成独立可拆卸的独立发热片。
电发热片在5V、9V、12V电压下发热温度分别可达到30℃、45℃、76℃可应用在电发热鞋、电发热眼罩、电发热腰带、电发热服装等领域。
实施例5
本实施例的便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物的制备方法，导电分散液中水性碳纳米浆料含量92份，石墨烯浆料与碳纳米管浆料质量之比为7：3，水性聚氨酯树脂分散液含量5份，水性丙烯酸树脂分散液1份，离子液体分散剂BmimBr0.5份，助分散剂脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物0.5份、聚氧乙烯醚类渗透剂0.6份、聚硅氧烷系列消泡剂0.4份。将上述浆料及助剂在高速剪切分散机内充分混合成导电分散液。
电热布基布经纬线由150D涤纶纤维织成，纬线按一定距离织入导电铜丝，金属丝间距30cm。电热布由剪裁为34×38cm的基布在导电分散液中浸染后经数次辊压后50℃烘干而成。电发热布表面电阻8-12 Ω/□。电发热片内部铜线电路经由接线端子与温控开关和DC端口连接，外部热压覆盖绝缘防水布后形成独立可拆卸发热片。
电发热片在24V、36V电压下发热温度分别可达到45℃、60℃，可应用在电发热毯领域。
对比例：
采用导电纤维与普通纤维混纺编织电发热织物的方式与本实施例中的低压电发热织物电热性能进行对比。
导电分散液中水性碳纳米浆料含量92份，石墨烯浆料与碳纳米管浆料质量之比为7：3，水性聚氨酯树脂分散液含量5份，水性丙烯酸树脂分散液1份，离子液体分散剂0.5份，助分散剂0.5份、渗透剂0.6份、消泡剂0.4份。将上述浆料及助剂在高速剪切分散机内充分混合成导电分散液。将导电分散液均匀涂覆于150D涤纶纤维之上制成导电纤维，电阻200-400 Ω/cm。以导电纤维为经线，普通涤纶纤维为纬线，按照经线每隔10cm织入三根铜丝的方式制成碳纳米导电织物。电发热片内部铜线电路经由接线端子与温控开关和USB端口连接，外部热压覆盖绝缘防水布后形成独立可拆卸发热片。电发热片在9V、12V电压下发热温度分别可达到27℃、40℃。可应用在电发热毯等领域。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (3)

1.一种便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：将电热布基布置于导电分散液中浸染，之后辊压烘干；将烘干后的电热布表面采用热熔胶法覆盖带有PVC涂层的绝缘防水布或绝缘防水膜，用导线将电热布内部通电线路与控温开关及USB/DC端口连接后形成独立可水洗的发热片；其中导电分散液包括以下重量份的组分：石墨烯浆料和碳纳米管浆料共88-96份，水性树脂2-10份，离子液体分散剂及助分散剂1份，染整助剂1份，导电液粘度100-1000mPa·s；
所述石墨烯浆料与碳纳米管浆料质量比为（3:7）-（7:3）；
所述水性树脂为水性丙烯酸树脂、环氧树脂或水性聚氨酯中的一种或两种，离子液体分散剂为BmimBr；助分散剂为脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物；
所述染整助剂包括渗透剂和消泡剂，其中渗透剂为聚氧乙烯醚类化合物，消泡剂为聚硅氧烷系列消泡剂；
所述电热布基布的经纬线由150D的纤维纺织而成，编织方式为编织密度每厘米20-24根，编织方式为经线每隔5-30cm织入导电金属丝。
2.权利要求1所述的便携式低压碳纳米电发热织物的制备方法制备的低压碳纳米电发热织物，其特征在于：所述低压碳纳米电发热织物使用电压在5-36V内，发热温度在30-82℃调节。
3.权利要求2所述的低压碳纳米电发热织物在电发热服装、电发热腰带、电加热鞋垫或电发热毯领域的应用。
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