CN112625690A - Composite microbial porous material for inhibiting saline-alkali soil salt return and application thereof - Google Patents

Composite microbial porous material for inhibiting saline-alkali soil salt return and application thereof Download PDF

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CN112625690A
CN112625690A CN202011381554.2A CN202011381554A CN112625690A CN 112625690 A CN112625690 A CN 112625690A CN 202011381554 A CN202011381554 A CN 202011381554A CN 112625690 A CN112625690 A CN 112625690A
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porous material
composite microbial
parts
powder
saline
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张世宏
黄玉茜
李壮
梁月
陈丽娜
李凤兰
冯艳忠
姜雪峰
梁飞
孔祥峰
何流琴
李柱刚
李佳佳
孙照勇
赫兰保
吴建
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Shenyang Agricultural University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00—Agricultural use

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite microbial porous material for inhibiting saline-alkali soil salt return and application thereof. The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of compound microorganism and 70-80 parts of porous material. The compound microbial inoculum comprises the yellow bluefungus, the stenotrophospora rosea, the verticillium chlamydosporium, the trichoderma viride, the lactobacillus acidophilus and the bacillus subtilis. When the composite microbial porous material is applied, the composite microbial porous material is uniformly thrown on the soil surface of the saline-alkali soil and then ploughed. The composite microbial porous material disclosed by the invention is applied to saline-alkali soil, so that the growth of crops planted in the saline-alkali soil can be promoted, the crop yield is increased, the salt content and the pH value of the saline-alkali soil are reduced, and the soil physical and chemical properties and the ecological environment of the saline-alkali soil are improved.

Description

Composite microbial porous material for inhibiting saline-alkali soil salt return and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, and particularly relates to a composite microbial porous material for inhibiting saline-alkali soil salt return and application thereof.
Background
Saline-alkali soil is a generic term for saline and alkaline earth and various salinized and alkalized soils. The salinized soil contains a large amount of soluble salt, so that the osmotic pressure of a soil solution is increased, the root system of a plant is difficult to absorb water, the growth of the plant is seriously influenced, and even the plant cannot be cultivated.
The vegetation restoration is an important means for improving the saline-alkali soil, can reduce the water evaporation on the soil surface, increase the number of plant roots in the soil, enhance the activity of soil microorganisms, reduce the salt accumulation in the soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
Soil microorganisms can provide nutrients required for growth of crops by means of self life activities, so that the growth of the crops is promoted, and the product quality and the ecological environment of the crops are improved.
Therefore, the porous material containing beneficial microorganisms is developed and applied to the saline-alkali soil, so that the growth of crops planted in the saline-alkali soil is promoted, saline-alkali soil return is inhibited, the soil property of the saline-alkali soil is improved, and the porous material has important significance for improving the saline-alkali soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite microbial porous material for inhibiting saline-alkali soil salt return and application thereof, and the composite microbial porous material is used for reducing the salt content and the pH value of saline-alkali soil.
On the one hand, the invention provides a composite microbial porous material for inhibiting saline-alkali soil salt return, which consists of a composite microbial inoculum and a porous material.
Preferably, the composite microbial porous material consists of 20-30 parts by weight of the composite microbial inoculum and 70-80 parts by weight of the porous material.
Preferably, the composite microbial porous material consists of 20 parts by weight of the composite microbial inoculum and 80 parts by weight of the porous material.
Preferably, the composite microbial porous material consists of 23 parts by weight of the composite microbial inoculum and 77 parts by weight of the porous material.
Preferably, the composite microbial porous material consists of 27 parts by weight of the composite microbial inoculum and 73 parts by weight of the porous material.
Preferably, the composite microbial porous material consists of 30 parts by weight of the composite microbial inoculum and 70 parts by weight of the porous material.
Preferably, the complex microbial inoculum comprises verticillium, stenotrophospora roseum, verticillium chlamydosporium, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus acidophilus and bacillus subtilis.
Preferably, the porous material is at least one of zeolite powder, activated carbon powder, straw ash, brick powder, ceramic powder, furnace ash slag powder and volcanic rock powder.
The invention also provides application of the composite microbial porous material, and the composite microbial porous material is uniformly scattered on the soil surface of the saline-alkali soil and then ploughed.
Preferably, the application amount of the composite microbial porous material is 300-450kg/hm2。
The composite microbial porous material can inhibit saline-alkali soil from returning saline and alkali, reduce the salt content and pH value of the saline-alkali soil, improve the physical and chemical properties and ecological environment of the saline-alkali soil, promote the growth of crops planted in the saline-alkali soil and improve the yield of the crops.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. It should be understood that the examples are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description, all methods involved are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified. The starting materials mentioned are all those which are commercially available from the public unless otherwise specified.
The composite microorganism and the porous material are proportioned according to a certain proportion and then mixed to obtain the composite microorganism porous material for inhibiting saline-alkali soil salt return. The composite microbial porous material is applied to saline-alkali soil, so that saline-alkali soil return can be inhibited, the salt content and the pH value of the saline-alkali soil are reduced, the soil physicochemical property and the ecological environment of the saline-alkali soil are improved, the growth of crops planted in the saline-alkali soil is promoted, and the crop yield is increased.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the composite microorganism porous material for inhibiting saline-alkali soil salt return is prepared from raw materials consisting of composite microorganisms and porous materials. The porous material is preferably any one or combination of two or more of zeolite powder, activated carbon powder, straw ash, brick powder, ceramic powder, furnace ash slag powder and volcanic rock powder, wherein the straw ash is ash generated after power generation and combustion of straws, the brick powder is powder obtained by crushing waste bricks, and the furnace ash slag powder is powder obtained by crushing ash slag left after combustion of coal. The specific preparation process of the composite microbial porous material comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a compound microorganism; and 2, mixing the raw material components.
In the step 1 of preparing the composite microbial inoculum, selecting powder of Talaromyces flavus, powder of Trichosporon roseus, powder of Verticillium chlamydosporium, powder of Trichoderma viride, powder of Lactobacillus acidophilus and powder of Bacillus subtilis, and then compounding the six bacteria according to the proportioning relationship by weight to obtain the composite microbial inoculum, wherein the preferred parts are 5-15 parts of powder of Talaromyces flavus, 10-20 parts of powder of Trichosporon roseum, 5-15 parts of powder of Verticillium chlamydosporium, 10-20 parts of powder of Trichoderma viride, 5-15 parts of powder of Lactobacillus acidophilus and 15-25 parts of powder of Bacillus subtilis. On one hand, lactobacillus acidophilus and bacillus subtilis are fermented and cultured in corresponding liquid culture medium to obtain bacterial liquid, and then thallus is separated from the fermented culture and dried and concentrated to prepare single-strain solid bacterial powder. The bacterial contents of the two single bacterial strains are respectively as follows: the content of Lactobacillus acidophilus is not less than 1.5 × 1011cfu/g, the bacterium content of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g. On the other hand, the verticillium dahliae, the stenotrophospora rosea, the verticillium chlamydosporia and the trichoderma viride are fermented in corresponding solid culture media to obtain solid cultures, and then the solid cultures are dried and crushed to prepare single-strain solid bacterial powder. The bacterial content of each single bacterial strain powder is respectively as follows: the content of yellow blue fungus is not less than 5.0 × 109cfu/g, the bacterium content of the polyporus pinus is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterial content of Verticillium chlamydosporium is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the trichoderma viride is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
In the step 2 of mixing the raw material components, weighing the raw material components according to a preset weight ratio, and then mixing and uniformly stirring the raw material components to obtain the composite microbial porous material. The weight ratio of each component in the raw materials is respectively optimized as follows: 20-30 parts of compound microorganism and 70-80 parts of porous material.
In another embodiment of the invention, when the composite microbial porous material is used for improving saline-alkali soil, according to the weight ratio of 300-2The fertilizer is uniformly thrown on the soil surface of the saline-alkali soil according to the application amount, and then plowed and sowed. The composite microbial porous material is preferably continuously applied for more than 3 years, so that the medium and mild saline-alkali soil can be better improved.
To help better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following examples are provided for illustrating the preparation process of the composite microbial porous material of the present invention and the method of using the same.
Example one
The raw materials of the composite microorganism porous material of the embodiment are 20 parts by weight of composite microorganism and 80 parts by weight of zeolite powder. The composite microorganism is prepared by mixing 5 parts of yellow blueprint fungus powder, 17 parts of pink polyporus end-wall fungus powder, 15 parts of chlamydosporium fungus powder, 20 parts of trichoderma viride powder, 13 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus powder and 15 parts of bacillus subtilis powder. The bacteria content of the six bacteria powder is respectively as follows: the content of yellow blue fungus is not less than 5.0 × 109cfu/g, the bacterium content of the polyporus pinus is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterial content of Verticillium chlamydosporium is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the trichoderma viride is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterium content of lactobacillus acidophilus is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1011cfu/g, the bacterium content of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
The composite microbial porous material is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, preparing the composite microorganism, and uniformly mixing powder of the verticillium dahliae, powder of the stenotrophospora rosea, powder of the verticillium chlamydosporium, powder of the trichoderma viride, powder of the lactobacillus acidophilus and powder of the bacillus subtilis to obtain the composite microorganism.
And 2, mixing the raw material components, adding the composite microorganism and the zeolite powder together, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite microorganism porous material 1.
The application method of the composite microbial porous material 1 comprises the following steps: when the saline-alkali soil is improved, the concentration is 300kg/hm2The composite microbial porous material 1 is uniformly thrown on the soil surface of the saline-alkali soil according to the application amount, and then ploughed and sowed.
Example two
The raw materials of the composite microorganism porous material of the embodiment are 23 parts by weight of composite microorganism and 77 parts by weight of porous material. The porous material is prepared by mixing zeolite powder, activated carbon powder and brick powder according to the weight ratio of 2:2: 1. The composite microorganism is prepared by mixing 9 parts of yellow blueprint fungus powder, 20 parts of pink polyporus end-wall fungus powder, 5 parts of chlamydosporium fungus powder, 10 parts of trichoderma viride powder, 8 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus powder and 19 parts of bacillus subtilis powder. The bacteria content of the six bacteria powder is respectively as follows: the content of yellow blue fungus is not less than 5.0 × 109cfu/g, the bacterium content of the polyporus pinus is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterial content of Verticillium chlamydosporium is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the trichoderma viride is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterium content of lactobacillus acidophilus is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1011cfu/g, the bacterium content of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
The composite microbial porous material is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, preparing the composite microorganism, and uniformly mixing powder of the verticillium dahliae, powder of the stenotrophospora rosea, powder of the verticillium chlamydosporium, powder of the trichoderma viride, powder of the lactobacillus acidophilus and powder of the bacillus subtilis to obtain the composite microorganism.
And 2, mixing the raw material components, adding the composite microorganism and the zeolite powder together, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite microorganism porous material 2.
The application method of the composite microbial porous material 2 comprises the following steps: when the saline-alkali soil is improved, 350kg/hm2The composite microbial porous material 2 is uniformly thrown on the soil surface of the saline-alkali soil according to the application amount, and then plowed and sowed.
EXAMPLE III
The raw materials of the composite microorganism porous material of the embodiment are 27 parts by weight of composite microorganism and 73 parts by weight of porous material. The porous material is formed by mixing straw ash, ceramic powder and furnace ash slag powder according to the weight ratio of 1:1: 1. The composite microorganism is prepared by mixing 12 parts of yellow blueprint fungus powder, 14 parts of pink polyporus end-wall fungus powder, 13 parts of chlamydosporium fungus powder, 14 parts of trichoderma viride powder, 15 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus powder and 22 parts of bacillus subtilis powder. The bacteria content of the six bacteria powder is respectively as follows: the content of yellow blue fungus is not less than 5.0 × 109cfu/g, the bacterium content of the polyporus pinus is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterial content of Verticillium chlamydosporium is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the trichoderma viride is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterium content of lactobacillus acidophilus is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1011cfu/g, the bacterium content of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
The composite microbial porous material is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, preparing the composite microorganism, and uniformly mixing powder of the verticillium dahliae, powder of the stenotrophospora rosea, powder of the verticillium chlamydosporium, powder of the trichoderma viride, powder of the lactobacillus acidophilus and powder of the bacillus subtilis to obtain the composite microorganism.
And 2, mixing the raw material components, adding the composite microorganism and the zeolite powder together, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite microorganism porous material 3.
The application method of the composite microbial porous material 3 comprises the following steps: when the saline-alkali soil is improved, 400kg/hm is adopted2The amount of the composite microbial porous material 3 is equal toUniformly spreading the fertilizer on the soil surface of the saline-alkali soil, and then ploughing and sowing.
Example four
The raw materials of the composite microorganism porous material of the embodiment are 30 parts by weight of composite microorganism and 70 parts by weight of porous material. The porous material is formed by mixing zeolite powder, ceramic powder, furnace ash slag powder and volcanic rock powder according to the weight ratio of 2:2:1: 1. The composite microorganism is prepared by mixing 15 parts of yellow blueprint fungus powder, 10 parts of pink polyporus end-wall fungus powder, 8 parts of chlamydosporium fungus powder, 17 parts of trichoderma viride fungus powder, 5 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus fungus powder and 25 parts of bacillus subtilis powder. The bacteria content of the six bacteria powder is respectively as follows: the content of yellow blue fungus is not less than 5.0 × 109cfu/g, the bacterium content of the polyporus pinus is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterial content of Verticillium chlamydosporium is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the trichoderma viride is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterium content of lactobacillus acidophilus is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1011cfu/g, the bacterium content of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 2.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
The composite microbial porous material is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, preparing the composite microorganism, and uniformly mixing powder of the verticillium dahliae, powder of the stenotrophospora rosea, powder of the verticillium chlamydosporium, powder of the trichoderma viride, powder of the lactobacillus acidophilus and powder of the bacillus subtilis to obtain the composite microorganism.
And 2, mixing the raw material components, adding the composite microorganism and the zeolite powder together, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite microorganism porous material 4.
The application method of the composite microbial porous material 4 comprises the following steps: when the saline-alkali soil is improved, 450kg/hm is adopted2The composite microbial porous material 4 is uniformly thrown on the soil surface of the saline-alkali soil according to the application amount, and then plowed and sowed.
In order to help better understand the technical scheme of the invention, a test example of cotton planting is provided below for illustrating the application effect of the invention.
The first test example: effect of composite microbial porous material on saline-alkali soil improvement and influence on cotton growth
The same saline-alkali field is selected in Binzhou city of Shandong province, the basic physicochemical properties of field soil are that the pH value is 8.65, the total salt content of the soil of a plough layer is 3.76g/kg, the organic matter content is 10.55g/kg, the total nitrogen is 0.45g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 19.15mg/kg, the quick-acting potassium content is 245.42mg/kg, and the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is 43.48 mg/kg. 5 groups of experimental designs, including 4 experimental groups and 1 control group, each group of experimental designs 3 experimental cells, each area of 30m2All test cells are randomly distributed.
The test group applied fertilizer and the composite microbial porous material prepared by the invention. During specific fertilization, according to the application mode of the base fertilizer, urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and the composite microbial porous material are firstly uniformly scattered on the soil surface, and then plowed and sowed. The application amount of the three fertilizers is 166kg/hm of urea respectively2222kg/hm diammonium phosphate2And potassium sulfate 110kg/hm2. The application amount of the composite microbial porous material 1, the composite microbial porous material 2, the composite microbial porous material 3 and the composite microbial porous material 4 is 300kg/hm2、350kg/hm2、400kg/hm2And 450kg/hm2. The control group did not apply the composite microbial porous material, and the fertilizer application method was the same as the test group. During the boll period of cotton, each group is 600kg/hm2Urea was applied once. After cotton topping, each group is according to 600kg/hm2Urea was applied once.
Selecting Lu cotton No. 15 as test variety, according to 19kg/hm in late 4 months2Sowing the seeds at the sowing rate, performing the same conventional management on each district, and harvesting in the last 11 months. In the seedling stage, the bud stage, the initial flowering stage and the full flowering stage of cotton, 10 cotton plants are respectively selected from each cell to measure the plant height. After cotton harvesting, the cotton yield of each cell was counted. Calculating the average plant height of each group in seedling stage, bud stage, initial flowering stage and full flowering stageHigh and average seed cotton yield in the community. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002809522960000071
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the plant height at the seedling stage, the plant height at the bud stage, the plant height at the early flowering stage, the plant height at the full flowering stage and the seed cotton yield of the plot of 4 groups of cotton applied with the composite microbial porous material are all obviously higher than those of the control. Therefore, the prepared composite microbial porous material 1-composite microbial porous material 4 can obviously promote the growth of cotton and improve the yield of the cotton.
After cotton is harvested, soil samples are taken from each cell, the pH, the total salt content, the organic matter content, the total nitrogen content, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content, the quick-acting phosphorus content and the quick-acting potassium content of the soil are measured, and the average pH, the average total salt content, the average organic matter content, the average total nitrogen content, the average alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content, the average quick-acting phosphorus content and the average quick-acting potassium content of each group of soil are calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002809522960000072
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the pH and the total salt content of the cotton planting soil of 4 groups applied with the composite microbial porous material are both obviously lower than those of the control, and the organic matter content, the total nitrogen content, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content, the quick-acting phosphorus content and the quick-acting potassium content are all obviously higher than those of the control. Therefore, the prepared composite microbial porous material 1-composite microbial porous material 4 can obviously improve saline-alkali soil, reduce the pH value and salt content of the soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications made by the present invention in the equivalent structure or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A composite microbial porous material for inhibiting saline-alkali soil salt return is composed of a composite microbial inoculum and a porous material.
2. The composite microbial porous material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composite microbial porous material is composed of 20-30 parts by weight of composite microbial inoculum and 70-80 parts by weight of porous material.
3. The composite microbial porous material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the composite microbial porous material is composed of 20 parts of composite microbial inoculum and 80 parts of porous material by weight.
4. The composite microbial porous material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the composite microbial porous material consists of 23 parts of composite microbial inoculum and 77 parts of porous material by weight.
5. The composite microbial porous material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the composite microbial porous material consists of 27 parts by weight of composite microbial inoculum and 73 parts by weight of porous material.
6. The composite microbial porous material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the composite microbial porous material is composed of 30 parts by weight of composite microbial inoculum and 70 parts by weight of porous material.
7. The composite microbial porous material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the compound microbial inoculum comprises verticillium, stenotrophospora rosea, verticillium chlamydosporium, trichoderma viride, lactobacillus acidophilus and bacillus subtilis.
8. The composite microbial porous material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the porous material is at least one of zeolite powder, activated carbon powder, straw ash, brick powder, ceramic powder, furnace ash slag powder and volcanic rock powder.
9. Use of a composite microbial porous material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: and (3) uniformly scattering the composite microbial porous material on the soil surface of the saline-alkali soil, and then ploughing.
10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that: the application amount of the composite microbial porous material is 300-450kg/hm2。
CN202011381554.2A 2020-12-01 2020-12-01 Composite microbial porous material for inhibiting saline-alkali soil salt return and application thereof Pending CN112625690A (en)

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