CN112592846B - Process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste - Google Patents
Process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN112592846B CN112592846B CN202011330285.7A CN202011330285A CN112592846B CN 112592846 B CN112592846 B CN 112592846B CN 202011330285 A CN202011330285 A CN 202011330285A CN 112592846 B CN112592846 B CN 112592846B
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/08—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
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- C12P7/26—Ketones
- C12P7/28—Acetone-containing products
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste, which mainly comprises the steps of carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain solid and concentrated solution of the kitchen waste, and treating the concentrated solution in a wastewater treatment system; sorting, mincing and saccharifying the kitchen waste solid, then carrying out centrifugal separation to obtain grease, residues and a kitchen waste saccharification liquid, wherein the grease is used as biodiesel, the residues are used as fertilizers, and the kitchen waste saccharification liquid is inoculated with a compound bacterium liquid for garbage fermentation treatment to extract chemical raw materials. The compound bacterial liquid for the garbage is prepared by compounding clostridium acetobutylicum, trichoderma harzianum and rhodospirillum; the prepared composite bacterial liquid for the garbage is used in a process of resourceful treatment of the kitchen garbage to obtain chemical raw materials with higher content and production rate; the method maximally recycles various resources in the kitchen waste, has clean and environment-friendly production process, does not generate secondary pollution, and realizes high efficiency, recycling and harmlessness of kitchen waste treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and particularly relates to a process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste.
Background
The kitchen waste is a typical resource which is misplaced, and different treatment modes have advantages and disadvantages. A large amount of kitchen waste not only causes serious pollution, but also causes huge waste, and the kitchen waste is treated by utilizing an advanced technology and is recycled, so that the development direction in the future is provided. With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of the living standard of people, the discharge amount of kitchen waste is increased day by day. A large amount of kitchen waste not only causes huge waste, but also brings serious environmental pollution, if the kitchen waste rich in substances can be further treated by advanced technology and recycled, the pollution problem can be solved, and the sustainable development policy of resource recycling is also met. The food waste has pollution and resource properties compared with common household waste, the pollution is that harmful substances such as mycotoxin and the like in livestock can be accumulated and converted to induce diseases after the food waste is eaten by the livestock, and finally the disease is transmitted to human beings through a food chain, and the resource property is that the food waste is rich in nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and the like, and can be recycled after effective treatment; in addition, the rotten kitchen waste can generate leachate, underground water and surface water are polluted under the action of permeation, surface runoff and the like, mosquitoes and flies are bred, malodorous gas is emitted, and pollution is caused to the atmosphere and the water environment. Therefore, how to effectively utilize recyclable components in the kitchen waste and not to affect disposal facilities in the surrounding environment becomes a big problem in each large city. The resourceful, quantitative-reduction and harmless treatment of the kitchen waste arouses high attention of scientific researchers and government departments.
In the prior art, for example, application publication number CN 104293408A discloses a kitchen waste recycling treatment method, which comprises the following steps of: mechanically sorting and removing unusable inorganic solid matters in the kitchen waste; crushing: mechanically crushing the kitchen waste after impurity removal to be powder; and (3) drying: drying the crushed kitchen waste by adding a drying agent; molding: adding auxiliary materials into the dried garbage to obtain a mixture, and pressing and solidifying the mixture to form a solid fuel; the kitchen waste recycling method has the characteristics of simple process, low treatment cost, energy conservation, increase of economic benefits and the like, and solves the difficult problems of recycling and harmlessness of the waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compound bacterial liquid for garbage, which is used in a process of recycling kitchen garbage to obtain chemical raw materials with higher content and production rate; the method maximally recycles various resources in the kitchen waste, has clean and environment-friendly production process, does not generate secondary pollution, and realizes high efficiency, recycling and harmlessness of kitchen waste treatment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:
a compound bacterial liquid for garbage is prepared by compounding clostridium acetobutylicum, trichoderma harzianum and rhodospirillum;
preferably, the fermentation conditions of the compound bacteria liquid for garbage are as follows: culturing clostridium acetobutylicum at 32-35 ℃ for 18-24 h, inoculating trichoderma harzianum at 25-30 ℃, and culturing for 36-48 h; and finally inoculating rhodospirillum at 30-38 ℃, and culturing for 20-30 h.
Preferably, the inoculation amount of the clostridium acetobutylicum is 3.2-4.5%, the inoculation amount of the trichoderma harzianum is 0.3-2.5%, and the inoculation amount of the rhodospirillum is 1.5-2.7%.
Preferably, the preparation method of the compound bacterial liquid for garbage comprises the following steps:
inoculating 3.2-4.5% of clostridium acetobutylicum into a nutrient agar culture medium at the temperature of 32-35 ℃, and culturing for 18-24 hours; inoculating 0.3-2.5% Trichoderma harzianum at 25-30 ℃, and culturing for 36-48 h; finally inoculating 1.5-2.7% rhodospirillum at 30-38 ℃, and culturing for 20-30 h; then transferring the strain to corresponding liquid culture, and culturing for 20-24 h at 30-35 ℃ to obtain the compound bacterial liquid for garbage for later use.
Preferably, the pH of the compound bacterial liquid for garbage is 4.6-5.5.
The invention also discloses application of the compound bacterial liquid for garbage in kitchen garbage recycling.
The invention also discloses a process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling the kitchen waste.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:
a process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
(a) performing solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste through gravity concentration, wherein the concentration time is 3-6 h, and the water content of the concentrated solid is less than or equal to 60%, so as to obtain a solid and a concentrated solution;
(b) sorting the solid kitchen waste separated in the step (a), sorting plastics, metals and other impurities in the solid kitchen waste, and treating a concentrated solution in a wastewater treatment system;
(c) mincing the sorted solid kitchen waste;
(d) adding an enzyme preparation, and saccharifying the minced kitchen waste solid to obtain a kitchen waste saccharification liquid;
(e) carrying out centrifugal separation on the food waste saccharification liquid;
(f) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the upper-layer grease and the bottom-layer saccharification residue of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid to obtain the upper-layer grease, the separated kitchen waste saccharification liquid and the saccharification residue;
(g) using the grease obtained by separation in the step (f) for producing biodiesel, and using the obtained saccharification residue for fertilizer;
(h) and (f) adjusting the pH value of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid obtained in the step (f), and then inoculating the composite bacterial liquid for garbage fermentation to prepare the chemical raw material.
The compound bacterial liquid for the garbage is prepared by compounding clostridium acetobutylicum, trichoderma harzianum and rhodospirillum, has high enzyme activity, is inoculated into the kitchen garbage saccharified liquid, and is finally degraded under the combined action of various microorganisms to obtain chemical raw materials, and has high yield and concentration; meanwhile, the treatment process sorts the kitchen waste, classifies the sorted substances and is easy to recycle; and then, carrying out physical and chemical treatment on the solid kitchen waste to obtain biodiesel, fertilizer and chemical raw materials, and effectively recycling the kitchen waste. The method maximally recycles various resources in the kitchen waste, has clean and environment-friendly production process, does not generate secondary pollution, and realizes high efficiency, recycling and harmlessness of kitchen waste treatment.
Preferably, 5-12 g of composite bacterial liquid for garbage is inoculated in 1L of kitchen garbage saccharification liquid.
Preferably, the enzyme preparation is one of beta-glucosidase, papain or alpha-amylase.
Preferably, the chemical raw materials prepared are acetone, butanol and ethanol.
Preferably, the saccharification temperature is 50-65 ℃, and the saccharification time is 6-8 h.
Preferably, the pH value of the food waste saccharification liquid is 5.5-6.4.
Preferably, the reagent used for adjusting the pH value of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid is phosphate buffer solution, and the addition amount of the phosphate buffer solution is 0.15-0.3 g added into 1L of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid.
In order to further improve the content of chemical raw materials extracted from the kitchen waste, the preferable measures further comprise:
adding a mixture of the monotropein and the maltitol into the kitchen waste saccharification liquid, wherein the weight ratio of the monotropein to the maltitol is 1: 0.5-1, and the adding amount of the mixture is 0.02-0.05 g for 1L of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid. The mixture of the monotropein and the maltitol is firstly used for treating the food waste saccharified liquid, so that the reaction activity of the food waste saccharified liquid is improved, and then the mixture acts with the compound bacteria liquid for the waste, so that the reactants have a synergistic effect, the content of the total solvent for recycling the food waste is further improved, and the yield of the obtained chemical raw materials is improved.
According to the invention, the composite bacterial liquid for garbage is prepared by compounding clostridium acetobutylicum, trichoderma harzianum and rhodospirillum, and is inoculated in the kitchen garbage for recycling treatment of the kitchen garbage, so that the method has the following beneficial effects: the compound bacterial liquid for the garbage possibly has higher enzymatic activity, is inoculated into the food garbage saccharified liquid, and finally degrades the food garbage saccharified liquid under the combined action of various microorganisms to obtain a chemical raw material, and has higher content and production rate; meanwhile, the treatment process sorts the kitchen waste, classifies the sorted substances and is easy to recycle; and then, carrying out physical and chemical treatment on the solid kitchen waste to obtain biodiesel, fertilizer and chemical raw materials, and effectively recycling the kitchen waste. Therefore, the invention provides the compound bacterial liquid for the garbage, which is used in the process of recycling the kitchen garbage to obtain the chemical raw materials with higher content and production rate; the method maximally recycles various resources in the kitchen waste, has clean and environment-friendly production process, does not generate secondary pollution, and realizes high efficiency, recycling and harmlessness of kitchen waste treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the yield of total solvent in kitchen waste;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the consumption rate of reducing sugars in kitchen waste and the production rate of butanol in example 2;
FIG. 3 shows the acetone content;
FIG. 4 shows the butanol content;
FIG. 5 shows the ethanol content;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a process flow for resource extraction of chemical raw materials from kitchen waste.
Detailed Description
The raw material sources used by the invention are as follows:
the acetone butanol clostridium and the rhodospirillum are purchased from Shanghai Biotechnology limited company;
the Trichoderma harzianum strain was purchased from Henan Muyu Bio-technology Ltd.
The experimental procedures described in the following examples of the present invention are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
The process flow schematic diagram of the resource extraction of chemical raw materials from kitchen waste is shown in fig. 6.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings:
example 1
A process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of compound bacteria liquid for garbage
Inoculating 3.6% of clostridium acetobutylicum into a nutrient agar culture medium at 35 ℃, and culturing for 20 h; inoculating 1.5% Trichoderma harzianum at 28 deg.C, and culturing for 45 hr; finally inoculating 2.0% rhodospirillum at 35 ℃, and culturing for 24 h; then transferring the strain to corresponding liquid culture, and culturing for 22h at 32 ℃ to obtain the compound bacterial liquid for garbage for later use.
(2) Preparation of chemical raw materials
(a) Performing solid-liquid separation on kitchen waste collected from canteens, restaurants and families by gravity concentration, wherein the concentration time is 5h, and the water content of the concentrated solid is 45% to obtain a solid and a concentrated solution;
(b) sorting the solid kitchen waste separated in the step (a), sorting plastics, metals and other impurities in the solid kitchen waste, sterilizing the residual kitchen waste including residues and residual liquid at 120 ℃ for later use, and treating the concentrated solution in a wastewater treatment system;
(c) mincing the sorted solid kitchen waste by using a mincing machine, and cutting the kitchen waste into small pieces by using a cutter before crushing if the kitchen waste with the diameter larger than 4cm exists, so that the kitchen waste can enter the mincing machine;
(d) adding the minced kitchen waste into a saccharification tank, sterilizing, adding water, adding activated beta-glucosidase according to 210U/g, and saccharifying the minced kitchen waste solid at 55 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain kitchen waste saccharification liquid;
(e) carrying out centrifugal separation on the kitchen waste saccharification liquid, wherein substances in a centrifugal separation pipe are divided into three layers, the upper layer is grease, the middle layer is the saccharification liquid, and the lower layer is kitchen waste saccharification residues;
(f) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the upper-layer grease and the bottom-layer saccharification residue of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid to obtain the upper-layer grease, the separated kitchen waste saccharification liquid and the saccharification residue;
(g) mixing, stirring, reacting, filtering, dewatering and the like the grease obtained by separation in the step (f) to further refine to obtain biodiesel, and using the obtained kitchen waste saccharification residue as a fertilizer;
(h) adjusting the pH value of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid obtained in the step (f), adding a sterilized phosphate buffer solution to adjust the pH value of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid to 5.8, wherein the addition amount of the phosphate buffer solution is 0.18g of 1L of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid; in order to ensure an anaerobic environment, introducing nitrogen into the kitchen waste saccharification liquid for 20min before inoculation, then inoculating 9g of composite bacteria liquid for the waste according to 1L of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid, standing at 35 ℃ for culturing for 120h, and fermenting to prepare chemical raw materials.
Example 2
A process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of compound bacteria liquid for garbage
Inoculating clostridium acetobutylicum with the inoculation amount of 4.5% into a nutrient agar culture medium at the temperature of 32 ℃, and culturing for 20 hours; inoculating 2.1% Trichoderma harzianum at 30 deg.C, and culturing for 36 hr; finally inoculating 2.1% rhodospirillum at 38 ℃, and culturing for 30 h; then transferring the strain to corresponding liquid culture, and culturing for 24h at 35 ℃ to obtain the compound bacterial liquid for garbage for later use.
(2) Preparation of chemical raw materials
(a) Performing solid-liquid separation on kitchen waste collected from canteens, restaurants and families through gravity concentration, wherein the concentration time is 4h, and the water content of the concentrated solid is 55% to obtain a solid and a concentrated solution;
(b) sorting the solid kitchen waste separated in the step (a), sorting plastics, metals and other impurities in the solid kitchen waste, sterilizing the residual kitchen waste including residues and residual liquid at 120 ℃ for later use, and treating the concentrated solution in a wastewater treatment system;
(c) mincing the sorted solid kitchen waste by using a mincing machine, and cutting the kitchen waste into small pieces by using a cutter before crushing if the kitchen waste with the diameter larger than 4cm exists, so that the kitchen waste can enter the mincing machine;
(d) adding the minced kitchen waste into a saccharification tank, sterilizing, adding water, adding activated papain according to 210U/g, and saccharifying the minced kitchen waste solid at 60 ℃ for 7 hours to obtain kitchen waste saccharification liquid;
(e) carrying out centrifugal separation on the kitchen waste saccharification liquid, wherein substances in a centrifugal separation pipe are divided into three layers, the upper layer is grease, the middle layer is the saccharification liquid, and the lower layer is kitchen waste saccharification residues;
(f) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the upper-layer grease and the bottom-layer saccharification residue of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid to obtain the upper-layer grease, the separated kitchen waste saccharification liquid and the saccharification residue;
(g) mixing, stirring, reacting, filtering, dewatering and the like the grease obtained by separation in the step (f) to further refine to obtain biodiesel, and using the obtained kitchen waste saccharification residue as a fertilizer;
(h) adjusting the pH value of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid obtained in the step (f), adding a sterilized phosphate buffer solution to adjust the pH value of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid to 6.1, wherein the addition amount of the phosphate buffer solution is 0.24g of 1L of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid; in order to ensure an anaerobic environment, nitrogen is introduced into the kitchen waste saccharification liquid for 20min before inoculation, then 10g of composite bacteria liquid for waste is inoculated according to 1L of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid, the mixture is stood at 35 ℃ for culturing for 120h, and the chemical raw materials are prepared by fermentation.
Example 3
A process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste is different from the process of embodiment 2 in that: in the step (1) of preparing the composite bacterial liquid for garbage, the inoculation amount of clostridium acetobutylicum is 3.7%, the inoculation amount of trichoderma harzianum is 0.8%, the inoculation amount of rhodospirillum is 2.7%, and other steps are the same as those in the example 2.
Example 4
A process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
the procedure of step (1) was the same as in example 2;
(2) preparation of chemical raw materials
(a) Performing solid-liquid separation on kitchen waste collected from canteens, restaurants and families by gravity concentration, wherein the concentration time is 5h, and the water content of the concentrated solid is 52.7%, so as to obtain a solid and a concentrated solution;
(b) sorting the solid kitchen waste separated in the step (a), sorting plastics, metals and other impurities in the solid kitchen waste, sterilizing the residual kitchen waste including residues and residual liquid at 120 ℃ for later use, and treating the concentrated solution in a wastewater treatment system;
(c) mincing the sorted solid kitchen waste by using a mincing machine, and cutting the kitchen waste into small pieces by using a cutter before crushing if the kitchen waste with the diameter larger than 4cm exists, so that the kitchen waste can enter the mincing machine;
(d) adding the minced kitchen waste into a saccharification tank, sterilizing, adding water, adding activated papain according to 210U/g, and saccharifying the minced kitchen waste solid at 60 ℃ for 7 hours to obtain kitchen waste saccharification liquid;
(e) carrying out centrifugal separation on the kitchen waste saccharification liquid, wherein substances in a centrifugal separation pipe are divided into three layers, the upper layer is grease, the middle layer is the saccharification liquid, and the lower layer is kitchen waste saccharification residues;
(f) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the upper-layer grease and the bottom-layer saccharification residue of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid to obtain the upper-layer grease, the separated kitchen waste saccharification liquid and the saccharification residue;
(g) mixing, stirring, reacting, filtering, dewatering and the like the grease obtained by separation in the step (f) to further refine to obtain biodiesel, and using the obtained kitchen waste saccharification residue as a fertilizer;
(h) adding a mixture of the monotropein and the maltitol into the kitchen waste saccharified liquid obtained in the step (f), adding 0.025g of the mixture of the monotropein and the maltitol according to 1L of the kitchen waste saccharified liquid, wherein the weight ratio of the monotropein to the maltitol is 1:0.8, then adding a sterilized phosphate buffer solution to adjust the pH value of the kitchen waste saccharified liquid to be 6.1, adding 0.21g of the phosphate buffer solution into 1L of the kitchen waste saccharified liquid, introducing nitrogen into the kitchen waste saccharified liquid for 20min before inoculation in order to ensure an anaerobic environment, then inoculating 10g of composite bacterial liquid for garbage according to 1L of the kitchen waste saccharified liquid, standing at 35 ℃ for culturing for 120h, and fermenting to prepare a chemical raw material.
Example 5
A process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste is different from the embodiment 4 in that: in the step (h), a mixture of the monotropein and the maltitol is added into the kitchen waste saccharification liquid, wherein the addition amount of the mixture is that 0.04g of the mixture of the monotropein and the maltitol is added into 1L of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid; the other steps were the same as in example 5.
Example 6
A process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste is different from the embodiment 4 in that: in the step (h), a mixture of the monotropein and the maltitol is added into the kitchen waste saccharification liquid, wherein the weight ratio of the monotropein to the maltitol is 1: 1.
Comparative example 1
A process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste is different from the process of embodiment 2 in that: in the step (1), the preparation of the compound bacteria liquid for garbage is carried out by replacing Trichoderma harzianum with Shewanella, and other steps are the same as those in the embodiment 2.
Comparative example 2
A process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste is different from the process of embodiment 2 in that: in the step (1), trichoderma harzianum is not added in the preparation of the compound bacteria liquid for garbage, and other steps are the same as those in the embodiment 2.
Comparative example 3
A process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste is different from the process of embodiment 2 in that: in the step (1), rhodospirillum is not added in the preparation of the compound bacteria liquid for garbage, and other steps are the same as those in the embodiment 2.
Comparative example 4
A process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste is different from the process of embodiment 2 in that: in the step (1), the preparation of the compound bacteria liquid for garbage is not added with Trichoderma harzianum and Rhodospirillum, and other steps are the same as those in the example 2.
Test example 1
1. Determination of total solvent yield in kitchen waste
After the fermentation liquor is centrifuged, 5mL of supernatant is taken and filtered through a microfiltration membrane with the aperture of 0.45 mu m. The concentration of reducing sugar is measured by a DNS method; the determination of the total solvent concentration adopts gas chromatograph sampling detection, and the chromatographic column is PEG1701-30M, 30M multiplied by 0.53mm multiplied by 1 μ M; a detector: FID; sample introduction temperature: 160 ℃; detecting the temperature: 260 ℃; column temperature: 40 ℃ (3 min for heat preservation) -170 ℃ (1 min for heat preservation)/10 ℃; the carrier gas is HeFlow rate: 5 mL/min; he: flow velocity of 47mL/min; headspace sample introduction conditions: initial temperature: keeping the temperature at 70 deg.C for 25min, and pressurizing for 5 min; transmission line temperature: 130 ℃.
FIG. 1 shows the yield of total solvent in kitchen waste. As can be seen from fig. 1, the yield of the total solvent generated by the fermentation of the kitchen waste in the examples 1 to 3 is higher than 21.5g/L, the yield of the total solvent in the examples 2 is higher than that in the comparative examples 1 to 4, and the results show that the yield of the chemical raw materials in the resource utilization of the kitchen waste can be improved by simultaneously adding clostridium acetobutylicum, trichoderma harzianum and rhodospirillum into the composite bacterial liquid for waste as bacterial strains to inoculate the kitchen waste, because the composite bacterial liquid for waste possibly has higher enzymatic activity and is inoculated into the saccharification liquid for kitchen waste, and the saccharification liquid for kitchen waste is finally degraded under the combined action of various microorganisms to obtain the chemical raw materials and has higher yield; the yield of the total solvent in the examples 4-6 is not lower than 24.2g/L, and compared with the example 2 and the example 4, the concentration content of the total solvent in the example 4 is higher than that in the example 2, which shows that the addition of the mixture of the monotropein and the maltitol in the kitchen waste saccharified liquid further improves the concentration content of the chemical raw materials for extracting the kitchen waste.
2. Determination of reducing sugar consumption rate or butanol generation rate in kitchen waste
The reducing sugar consumption rate is the rate of consuming reducing sugar per unit volume of the reaction system in unit time or the butanol generation rate, and the calculation formula is as follows:
P＝|(C1-C2)/(t2-t1)|
in the formula: c1Is the sampling time t1The concentration of reducing sugar or butanol, g/L; c2Is a sampling time of t2The concentration of reducing sugar or butanol, g/L; t is t1And t2Is the sampling time, h.
FIG. 2 shows the consumption rate of reducing sugars in kitchen waste and the production rate of butanol in example 2. As can be seen from FIG. 2, in example 2, the consumption rate of reducing sugar was 1.12 g.L for the kitchen waste fermented for 24 hours-1·h-1The production rate of butanol is higher than 0.25 g.L-1·h-1The method shows that the kitchen waste has higher butanol production rate in the fermentation process, namely the composite bacterial liquid for the kitchen waste resource extraction of chemical raw materials by utilizing the waste has better application and can extract a certain content of chemical raw materials.
3. Determination of chemical raw material content in kitchen waste
A Gas Chromatograph (GC) for measuring acetone, butanol and ethanol in chemical raw materials; the chromatographic column is PEG1701-30M, 30M × 0.53mm × 1 μ M; a detector: FID; sample introduction temperature: 160 ℃; detecting the temperature: 260 ℃; column temperature: 40 ℃ (3 min for heat preservation) -170 ℃ (1 min for heat preservation)/10 ℃; the carrier gas is HeFlow rate: 5 mL/min; he: the flow rate is 47 mL/min; headspace sample introduction conditions: initial temperature: keeping the temperature at 70 deg.C for 25min, and pressurizing for 5 min; transmission line temperature: and (4) quantifying at 130 ℃ by adopting an internal standard method, wherein the internal standard substance is isobutanol.
FIG. 3 shows the acetone content. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the content of acetone generated by the kitchen waste in the examples 1-3 is not lower than 5.4g/L, the content of acetone in the comparative examples 2 and 1-4 is higher than that in the comparative examples 1-4, which shows that the content of acetone extracted from the kitchen waste in a recycling manner can be improved by simultaneously adding clostridium acetobutylicum, trichoderma harzianum and rhodospirillum into the composite bacterial liquid for waste to inoculate the bacterial strain into the kitchen waste; the acetone content of the examples 4-6 is higher than 6.4g/L, and the acetone content of the example 4 is higher than that of the example 2 by comparing the examples 2 with the example 4, which shows that the addition of the mixture of the monotropein and the maltitol in the kitchen waste saccharification liquid further improves the content of the acetone in the kitchen waste extraction chemical raw material.
FIG. 4 shows the butanol content. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the butanol content generated by the kitchen waste in the examples 1-3 is higher than 16.7g/L, the butanol content in the comparative examples 2 and 1-4 is much higher than that in the comparative examples 1-4, which shows that the content of butanol extracted from the kitchen waste by recycling can be increased by simultaneously adding Clostridium acetobutylicum, Trichoderma harzianum and Rhodospirillum into the composite bacterial liquid for waste to inoculate the kitchen waste; the butanol content in examples 4-6 is not lower than 17.8g/L, and compared with example 2 and example 4, the butanol content in example 4 is higher than that in example 2, which shows that the addition of the mixture of the monotropein and maltitol in the kitchen waste saccharified liquid further improves the butanol content in the kitchen waste extraction chemical raw material.
FIG. 5 shows the ethanol content. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the content of ethanol generated by the kitchen waste in examples 1-3 is not lower than 1.4g/L, the content of ethanol in comparative examples 2 and 1-4 is higher than that in comparative examples 1-4, which shows that the content of ethanol extracted from the kitchen waste in a recycling manner can be increased by simultaneously adding Clostridium acetobutylicum, Trichoderma harzianum and Rhodospirillum into the composite bacterial liquid for waste and inoculating the composite bacterial liquid to the kitchen waste; the ethanol content of the embodiment 4-6 is not lower than 1.86g/L, and compared with the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 4, the ethanol content of the embodiment 4 is higher than that of the embodiment 2, which shows that the addition of the mixture of the monotropein and the maltitol in the kitchen waste saccharified liquid further improves the content of the ethanol in the kitchen waste extraction chemical raw materials.
Conventional operations in the operation steps of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A compound bacterial liquid for garbage is prepared by compounding clostridium acetobutylicum, trichoderma harzianum and rhodospirillum;
the fermentation conditions of the compound bacteria liquid for garbage are as follows: culturing clostridium acetobutylicum at 32-35 ℃ for 18-24 h, inoculating trichoderma harzianum at 25-30 ℃, and culturing for 36-48 h; finally inoculating rhodospirillum at 30-38 ℃, and culturing for 20-30 h;
the inoculation amount of the clostridium acetobutylicum is 3.2-4.5%, the inoculation amount of the trichoderma harzianum is 0.3-2.5%, and the inoculation amount of the rhodospirillum is 1.5-2.7%.
2. The compound bacterial liquid for garbage according to claim 1, wherein: the pH value of the compound bacterial liquid for garbage is 4.6-5.5.
3. The application of the composite bacterial liquid for garbage in the recycling of kitchen garbage according to claim 1.
4. A process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
(a) performing solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste through gravity concentration, wherein the concentration time is 3-6 h, and the water content of the concentrated solid is less than or equal to 60%, so as to obtain a solid and a concentrated solution;
(b) sorting the solid kitchen waste separated in the step (a), sorting plastics, metals and other impurities in the solid kitchen waste, and treating a concentrated solution in a wastewater treatment system;
(c) mincing the sorted solid kitchen waste;
(d) adding an enzyme preparation, and saccharifying the minced kitchen waste solid to obtain a kitchen waste saccharification liquid;
(e) carrying out centrifugal separation on the kitchen waste saccharification liquid;
(f) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the upper-layer grease and the bottom-layer saccharification residue of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid to obtain the upper-layer grease, the separated kitchen waste saccharification liquid and the saccharification residue;
(g) using the grease obtained by separation in the step (f) for producing biodiesel, and using the obtained saccharification residue for fertilizer;
(h) adjusting the pH of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid obtained in the step (f), and then inoculating the compound bacteria liquid for waste in claim 1 to ferment to prepare a chemical raw material.
5. The process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: 5-12 g of the composite bacterial liquid for garbage according to claim 1 is inoculated to 1L of a food garbage saccharification liquid.
6. The process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: 0.02-0.05 g of a mixture of monotropein and maltitol is added into 1L of kitchen waste saccharification liquid, wherein the weight ratio of the monotropein to the maltitol is 1: 0.5-1.
7. The process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the enzyme preparation is one of beta-glucosaccharase, papain or alpha-amylase.
8. The process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the prepared chemical raw materials are acetone, butanol and ethanol.
9. The process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the reagent used for adjusting the pH value of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid is phosphate buffer solution, and the addition amount of the phosphate buffer solution is 0.15-0.3 g added into 1L of the kitchen waste saccharification liquid.
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