CN102601098B - Separation, recovery and comprehensive utilization process of waste oil in food waste - Google Patents
Separation, recovery and comprehensive utilization process of waste oil in food waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN102601098B CN102601098B CN201210058738.4A CN201210058738A CN102601098B CN 102601098 B CN102601098 B CN 102601098B CN 201210058738 A CN201210058738 A CN 201210058738A CN 102601098 B CN102601098 B CN 102601098B
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- food waste
- changing food
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of reclamation of food waste, and in particular relates to a separation, recovery and comprehensive utilization process of waste oil in food waste. The recovery method of the waste oil in the food waste comprises the following steps: firstly, sorting the food waste and then smashing the food waste; adding saccharifying enzyme to saccharify the smashed food waste; carrying out centrifugal separation and recovery on the waste oil in a food waste saccharifying liquid, and then filtering with a fiber ball-ceramsite composite bed to remove the waste oil in the food waste; and carrying out lactic acid fermentation on the food waste saccharifying liquid obtained by filtration, and then carrying out membrane separation on food waste lactic acid fermentation broth by adopting an electroosmosis method so as to finally obtain lactic acid. The process disclosed by the invention is convenient to operate, high in oil recovery rate and low in production cost; and by using the process, the separation of the oil from the food waste can be effectively realized, and the requirements of subsequent lactic acid fermentation and fermentation broth separation of the food waste are met, thereby effectively improving the further reclamation utilization efficiency of the food waste.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to changing food waste recovery and utilization technology field, particularly separation recovery and the comprehensive utilization process of waste oil in a kind of changing food waste, be applicable to the comprehensive utilization of resources of the changing food wastes such as dining room, dining room, hotel.
Background technology
Changing food waste is the sanitary waste that resident forms in personal consumption process, is mainly divided into food garbage and rubbish from cooking, and main feature is that content of organics is abundant, oil content is large, it is complicated to form.Changing food waste is dealt with improperly and is very easily caused environmental pollution; Yet nutriment is abundant especially again in changing food waste, and there are the potentiality of recycling, for the Treatment and recovery comprehensive utilization of changing food waste, become study hotspot both domestic and external.Because changing food waste oil content is large, it is complicated to form, fat content accounts for greatly 2～3% left and right of changing food waste, thereby separated recovery of grease of how to realize changing food waste in changing food waste into resources process is the key of changing food waste into resources comprehensive utilization.And grease in changing food waste not only can not be utilized in changing food waste lactic fermentation process, and can affect the lactic fermentation of changing food waste and the subsequent film of lactic fermentation liquid is separated.
Patent CN101480541A has announced a kind of equipment for separating liquid from solid that is applicable to changing food waste, for changing food waste into resources, utilizes pre-treatment, applies this device changing food waste is separated into oil, water and solid matter.And then separately process respectively, from source, control and pollute.But the fluid oil of this device in only can separated changing food waste, can not be by the solid grease in changing food waste in the lump thorough separated recovery.
Patent CN1923386A has announced a kind of changing food waste into resources and has utilized technique, and this technique can be extracted liquid fat from changing food waste, and the dry and broken rear Fodder making raw material of solid matter in changing food waste, fully recycles changing food waste.But this technique need to be carried out processed to changing food waste, increase energy consumption.
Utilize changing food waste saccharification, fermentation, and to adopt electroosmose process separating-purifying lactic acid from changing food waste zymotic fluid be an approach of changing food waste high-efficiency comprehensive utilization.But because the constituent of changing food waste is complicated, grease is many, considers that the grease in changing food waste is difficult to degrade in lactic fermentation process, and grease remaining after Separation of Solid and Liquid can pollute electrodialytic membranes, not only affect electrodialysis effect, also can affect the service life of electrodialytic membranes.The key addressing this problem is that changing food waste is carried out to pretreatment.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes separation recovery and the comprehensive utilization process of waste oil in a kind of changing food waste, its objective is that in changing food waste, fat content is high, grease can not utilize in changing food waste sweat in order to solve, the grease in changing food waste affects the problem of grease contamination in the fermentation of changing food waste saccharified liquid and separation of fermentative broth, and adopts the separated higher grease of added value obtaining that reclaims to manufacture biodiesel.
Concrete technology step of the present invention is:
(a) changing food waste of fetching is sorted, sort out plastics, metal, bowl cup fragment and other foreign material wherein;
(b) changing food waste after sorting is rubbed;
(c) add enzyme preparation, broken changing food waste is carried out to saccharification;
(d) the changing food waste saccharified liquid obtaining is carried out to centrifugation;
(e) the upper strata grease of changing food waste saccharified liquid and bottom saccharification residue are carried out to Separation of Solid and Liquid, obtain changing food waste saccharified liquid and saccharification residue after upper strata grease, separation;
(f) the changing food waste saccharified liquid after separation in step (e) is carried out to fibrous nodules-haydite compounded bed and filter, further to remove the grease in changing food waste, changing food waste saccharified liquid and grease after being filtered;
(g) by the separated grease obtaining in step (e) and step (f) for the production of biodiesel;
(h) the changing food waste saccharified liquid obtaining in step (f) is carried out to lactic fermentation;
(i) the changing food waste lactic fermentation liquid obtaining in step (h) is carried out to electrodialysis separation.
The water content of the changing food waste in described step (b) after sorting is 70%～80%, and changing food waste does not need dehydration just can carry out grease and removes comprehensive utilization of resources.
Enzyme preparation in described step (c) is the plurality of enzymes preparation that comprises carbohydrase.
Enzyme preparation in described step (c) is the plurality of enzymes preparation that comprises carbohydrase, lipase.
In the saccharification stage of described step (c), the acid-base value of changing food waste is faintly acid.
Zymotechnique of lactic acid in described step (h) adopts bipolar membrane electrodialysis coupled fermentation technique.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
That the present invention has advantages of is easy to operate, oil recovery rate is high, production cost is low, can effectively realize grease separated from changing food waste, meet the demand of the follow-up lactic fermentation of changing food waste and separation of fermentative broth, effectively improved the further recycling efficiency of changing food waste.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the techniqueflow chart of technique of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The separation recovery and the comprehensive utilization process that the invention provides waste oil in a kind of changing food waste, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
The concrete steps that grease separation is recycled and changing food waste into resources fully utilizes that present embodiment reclaims in changing food waste are as follows:
(a) first, by from dining room, restaurant, family collect the changing food waste of fetching and carry out manual sorting, sorts out the foreign material such as plastics wherein, metal, bowl cup fragment, large bone rod, after residue changing food waste comprises residue, raffinate sterilization, stay with stand-by;
(b) adopt multi-functional pulverizer, the changing food waste after sorting is rubbed, if any diameter, be greater than the above changing food waste of 3cm, before pulverizing, adopt cutter that it is cut a little bit smaller as far as possible, make it to enter pulverizer;
(c) in saccharifying tank, add the changing food waste of rubbing, after sterilizing, add water, then add the enzyme liquid such as carbohydrase liquid that activated, also can add lipase tentatively to degrade to grease simultaneously, then add salt acid for adjusting pH value, under weakly acidic condition, broken changing food waste is carried out to saccharification;
(d) consider that the grease in changing food waste saccharified liquid is difficult to degrade in lactic fermentation process, grease remaining after Separation of Solid and Liquid can pollute electrodialytic membranes, not only affect electrodialysis effect, also can affect the service life of electrodialytic membranes, therefore, the changing food waste saccharified liquid obtaining need to be carried out to centrifugation;
(e) after centrifugation, material in centrifugal separating tube will be divided into three layers, upper strata is the grease in changing food waste, middle level is saccharified liquid, bottom is changing food waste saccharified liquid residue, the upper strata grease of changing food waste saccharified liquid is separated with bottom residue, and bottom residue is for the manufacture of fertilizer, and saccharified liquid is for lactic fermentation;
(f) in the changing food waste saccharified liquid obtaining, also contain a small amount of grease after centrifugation, for thoroughly removing grease, prevent from affecting orderly lactic fermentation and lactic acid separated, therefore the changing food waste saccharified liquid after separation is carried out to fibrous nodules-haydite compounded bed and filter, further remove the grease in changing food waste;
(g) separation is obtained to grease and obtain biodiesel after further refinements such as mixing, stir, react, filter and anhydrate;
(h) the changing food waste saccharified liquid obtaining after filtering is carried out to sterilizing, then add mixed lactic bacterial classification, then add 1 times of water dilution, be mixed evenly, the waste liquid after mixing packs fermentation tank into, and waste liquid accounts for 2/3 left and right of tank cumulative volume, tank mouth is tamping with plug, sealing.On plug, have two glass tubes, one is inserted under rubbish liquid level, and another is on liquid level.Sebific duct is housed on glass tube, by clamp, carries out lactic fermentation;
(i) in synchronous saccharification lactic fermentation mode, produce in lactic acid process, along with increasing of cell concentration in zymotic fluid, the lactic acid that the biomass of high concentration produces accumulates and the metabolic activity of strong inhibition lactic acid bacteria, cause the aging death of lactic acid thalline, thereby limited the raising of reaction rate and conversion ratio.In order to solve this contradiction, adopt bipolar membrane electrodialysis coupled fermentation technique, this technique can constantly be extracted lactic acid in time from zymotic fluid, uses no or little nertralizer, can control pH value, avoids the generation of product inhibition, improves the productive rate of fermented product.
By above step, can effectively realize grease separated from changing food waste, meet the demand of the follow-up lactic fermentation of changing food waste and separation of fermentative broth.
Claims (5)
1. separation recovery and the comprehensive utilization process of waste oil in changing food waste, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(a) changing food waste of fetching is sorted, sort out plastics, metal, bowl cup fragment and other foreign material wherein;
(b) changing food waste after sorting is rubbed;
(c) add enzyme preparation, broken changing food waste is carried out to saccharification;
(d) the changing food waste saccharified liquid obtaining is carried out to centrifugation;
(e) the upper strata grease of changing food waste saccharified liquid and bottom saccharification residue are carried out to Separation of Solid and Liquid, obtain changing food waste saccharified liquid and saccharification residue after upper strata grease, separation;
(f) the changing food waste saccharified liquid after separation in step (e) is carried out to fibrous nodules-haydite compounded bed and filter, further to remove the grease in changing food waste, changing food waste saccharified liquid and grease after being filtered;
(g) by the separated grease obtaining in step (e) and step (f) for the production of biodiesel;
(h) the changing food waste saccharified liquid obtaining in step (f) is carried out to lactic fermentation, zymotechnique of lactic acid adopts bipolar membrane electrodialysis coupled fermentation technique;
(i) the changing food waste lactic fermentation liquid obtaining in step (h) is carried out to electrodialysis separation.
2. separation recovery and the comprehensive utilization process of waste oil in changing food waste according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the water content of the changing food waste in described step (b) after sorting is 70%～80%, and changing food waste does not need dehydration just can carry out grease and removes comprehensive utilization of resources.
3. separation recovery and the comprehensive utilization process of waste oil in changing food waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the enzyme preparation in described step (c) is the plurality of enzymes preparation that comprises carbohydrase.
4. separation recovery and the comprehensive utilization process of waste oil in changing food waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the enzyme preparation in described step (c) is the plurality of enzymes preparation that comprises carbohydrase, lipase.
5. separation recovery and the comprehensive utilization process of waste oil in changing food waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the saccharification stage of described step (c), the acid-base value of changing food waste is faintly acid.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210058738.4A CN102601098B (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2012-03-08 | Separation, recovery and comprehensive utilization process of waste oil in food waste |
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| CN201210058738.4A CN102601098B (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2012-03-08 | Separation, recovery and comprehensive utilization process of waste oil in food waste |
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| CN102601098A CN102601098A (en) | 2012-07-25 |
| CN102601098B true CN102601098B (en) | 2014-10-29 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103074384B (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2015-02-25 | 北京科技大学 | Method for improving alcoholic fermentation productivity of kitchen waste preserved by bacteriostasis |
| CN112048393A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃然德新能源化工进出口有限公司 | Enzymolysis extraction method of residual grease in kitchen waste liquid |
| CN112592846B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-12-28 | 浙江海洋大学 | Process for preparing chemical raw materials by recycling kitchen waste |
| CN113909269A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-01-11 | 中清高科技(南京)有限公司 | Process for treating kitchen waste into organic acid |
| CN114606060A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-06-10 | 上海大学 | Method for efficiently recovering grease in kitchen waste with low energy consumption |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101003819A (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2007-07-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Zymolysis method for producing lactic acid by bacillus subtilis to saccharify garbage from restaurant and cookroom |
| CN101775414A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-07-14 | 华中农业大学 | Process for preparing bio-fuel and protein feed from food waste by means of microbial fermentation |
| CN102304548A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2012-01-04 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method and device for separating and recovering restaurant and kitchen garbage biogas fermentation coupling oil |
| CN102352380A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-02-15 | 大连力达环境工程有限公司 | Food residue and sludge mixing anaerobic treatment method and system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT506582B1 (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2009-10-15 | Enbasys Gmbh | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOGAS |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101003819A (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2007-07-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Zymolysis method for producing lactic acid by bacillus subtilis to saccharify garbage from restaurant and cookroom |
| CN101775414A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-07-14 | 华中农业大学 | Process for preparing bio-fuel and protein feed from food waste by means of microbial fermentation |
| CN102304548A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2012-01-04 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method and device for separating and recovering restaurant and kitchen garbage biogas fermentation coupling oil |
| CN102352380A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-02-15 | 大连力达环境工程有限公司 | Food residue and sludge mixing anaerobic treatment method and system |
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