CN112586411A - Marine shellfish biological improved variety breeding method - Google Patents
Marine shellfish biological improved variety breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112586411A CN112586411A CN202011618560.5A CN202011618560A CN112586411A CN 112586411 A CN112586411 A CN 112586411A CN 202011618560 A CN202011618560 A CN 202011618560A CN 112586411 A CN112586411 A CN 112586411A
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 241001328003 Mysidacea Species 0.000 claims description 12
- BVIAOQMSVZHOJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 BVIAOQMSVZHOJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims description 6
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- GBOGMAARMMDZGR-TYHYBEHESA-N cytochalasin B Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H](C([C@@H](O)[C@@H]3/C=C/C[C@H](C)CCC[C@@H](O)/C=C/C(=O)O[C@@]23C(=O)N1)=C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 GBOGMAARMMDZGR-TYHYBEHESA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
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- 210000003736 gastrointestinal content Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002149 gonad Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001663378 Sepiella maindroni Species 0.000 abstract description 9
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding improved marine shellfish species, which comprises the following steps: s1: selecting a wild parent or a cultured adult fish with excellent biological properties as a parent, wherein the parent has a complete body shape and strong activity, and the parent is good in food intake and ready for use, S2: firstly, selecting a seawater source with the salinity of 23-30, pumping the seawater source into a sedimentation tank by using a water suction pump, carrying out sedimentation treatment for 30-50min, and pumping out the precipitated water by using the water suction pump. The method for breeding the improved variety of the marine shellfish organism is reasonable in design, can effectively improve the germplasm resources, genetic improvement, culture, disease prevention and control, proliferation and other technologies of the sepiella maindroni, improves the disease resistance of the sepiella maindroni, promotes a healthy culture mode and a disease prevention and control system, can more effectively and quickly convert scientific research results into direct productivity, and meets the use requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fine variety breeding of marine shellfish organisms, in particular to a fine variety breeding method of marine shellfish organisms.
Background
Sepiella maindroni (Sepiella maindroni) is one of shellfish, is also commonly called cuttlefish, belongs to Cephalopoda (Cepalopoda), Sepiales (Sepioidea), Sepiidae (Sepiidae) and Sepiella (Sepiella), is mainly distributed in the coastal areas of Zhejiang and Min in China, is known as "sea treasure", is deeply loved by people, is commonly called as "four-large marine products" together with big, small yellow croaker and hairtail, and historically has the total yield of about 10 ten thousand tons in Sepiella maindroni caught at the highest ocean in Fujian Mineast and Zhejiang; at the end of the 70 s of the 20 th century, due to over-fishing and deterioration of ecological environment, resources are greatly damaged, and since the 90 s of the 20 th century, the output of cuttlefish is sharply reduced and endangered to be extinct; the sepiella maindroni can be cultured in about 3 months, has short period, less diseases and high benefit, is demonstrated and popularized in Zhejiang and east coast of Fujian province, obtains good economic and social benefit, and is a new excellent culture variety and expected to be cultured into a new mariculture pillar industry in the Fujian province.
The main problems existing in the development process of the conventional Sepiella maindroni culture industry are as follows: the good variety has low popularization coverage rate, the cultured population mature individuals of the inbred offspring gradually become smaller, the disease resistance is reduced, and a disease prevention and control system adaptive to the culture scale is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides a method for breeding improved marine shellfish varieties.
The invention provides a method for breeding improved marine shellfish species, which comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting wild parents or cultured adult fishes with excellent biological properties as the parents, wherein the parents have complete body forms and strong activity and are good in ingestion for later use;
s2: firstly, selecting a seawater source with the salinity of 23-30, pumping the seawater source into a sedimentation tank by using a water pump, carrying out sedimentation treatment for 30-50min, and pumping out the precipitated water by using the water pump;
s3: discharging the seawater source extracted in the step S2 into a filter box for filtering treatment, wherein the filter box filters impurities in the seawater source;
s4: the filtered seawater source is disinfected by combining an ultraviolet physical method and an ozone physical method, and the disinfected seawater is pumped out by a water pump and discharged into an indoor cement pond;
s5: s4, when the water depth of the cement pond reaches 1.5-2m, automatically closing a water suction pump through a liquid level sensor arranged in the cement pond, and stopping adding seawater into the cement pond;
s6: the cement pond in the S5 has complete water inlet and outlet pipelines, temperature control, inflation and light control facilities, wherein the temperature control facility is a temperature controller, the inflation facility is an inflation oxygenation pump, the light control facility is a cultivation light lamp, the temperature controller is electrically connected with a temperature sensor arranged in the cement pond, the inflation oxygenation pump is electrically connected with a dissolved oxygen sensor arranged in the cement pond, and the cultivation light lamp is electrically connected with an illumination sensor;
s7: the parents described in S1 were placed in the cement pond described in S6, and the culture density of the parents was controlled to 50-70/m3；
S8: feeding fresh shrimps and clamworms in the cement pond in the S7, adding a proper amount of vitamin E, and feeding for 2 times a day;
s9: irradiating the parents in the cement pond in the S8 by using the breeding illuminator in the S6, and controlling the illumination time and the illumination intensity of the seawater in the cement pond in the S8 by using an illumination sensor, wherein the illumination time is required to be controlled between 14h and 17 h;
s10: detecting the temperature of seawater in the cement pond in the S8 by a temperature sensor in the S6, and controlling the water temperature in the cement in real time by a temperature controller, wherein the cultivation water temperature is required to be 18-22 ℃;
s11: monitoring the oxygen content of the seawater in the cement pool in the S8 through a dissolved oxygen sensor in the S6, and controlling the oxygen content of the seawater in the cement pool through an aeration oxygenation pump by the dissolved oxygen sensor;
s12: until the parents in the cement pond in S11 are 1 month before spawning, reinforced cultivation and reproduction regulation and control technologies are implemented on the parents for producing cuttlefish in an indoor cement pond to promote gonad maturation, and the gonad development process of the parents is controlled through the feeding condition and the growth environment in S8;
s13: the parent cuttlefish to be produced in S12 was placed in the spawning pond, and 18 was suspended in the spawning pond#The iron wire is a frame with the specification of 30 multiplied by 50cm,The number of the laying ovaries is flexibly arranged according to the groups participating in spawning and the spawning peak period of the groups, the net sheets can be taken out after the laying ovaries are fully covered with fertilized eggs, the net sheets are moved into an incubation pool after disinfection, and meanwhile, the net sheets are replaced by new net sheets to ensure that parents continue to spawn and adhere;
s14: when the fertilized eggs in the S13 are in a cell division period, 35-50ml of a mixing agent is added into each liter of seawater in the hatching pond at one time, wherein the mixing agent is prepared from Cytochalasin B (CB), 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) and caffeine according to the proportion of 5:2:3, and the fertilized eggs are induced by a physicochemical mode of adding the mixing agent into the hatching pond until cuttlefish larvae are hatched;
s15: transferring the cuttlefish larva hatched in the S14 into a seedling pond, controlling the culture density of the initially hatched larva, and gradually increasing the air inflation amount along with the growth of the larva;
s16: in the S15, water is not changed 3 days before the opening of the young cuttlefish is initially hatched, water is added for 20cm every day until the pond is full, water is changed every day after the young cuttlefish is initially hatched, timely pond division cultivation is carried out after the young cuttlefish is cultivated to eat mysid, the ingestion condition of the young cuttlefish is observed every day, the stomach content and the stomach and intestine fullness are checked in a microscopic mode, and meanwhile, the water temperature, the specific gravity, the pH value, the DO, the ammonia nitrogen, the illuminance and other physical and chemical factors are monitored and recorded;
s17: when the length of the young cuttlefish hatched in S16 reaches 1.5cm, the young cuttlefish can be completely adapted and can eat dead bait, and then the seedlings can emerge.
Preferably, in S1, the number of parents is 1200 or more, wherein the weight of the parents is more than 100g, and the ratio of male to female is preferably 1: 1.
Preferably, in the step S2, the quality of the seawater source meets the GB11607 requirement.
Preferably, in S13 and S14, the hatching pool is incubated at a suitable water temperature of 22-26 ℃ and a suitable salinity of 25.7-29.7, the hatching pool is continuously aerated by using an aeration oxygenation pump, DO is kept above 5mg/ml, chlorella is added into the hatching pool to improve water quality, the mesh is gently shaken at regular time to remove dirt and dead eggs attached to the mesh, water is changed every day, or the mesh with eggs is taken out every day and is transferred into another new hatching pool to be incubated, and fresh water quality is ensured.
Preferably, in S15, 30 × 10 seedlings are inoculated into the nursery pond5cell/m3And the chlorella solution enables the water in the pond to be slightly green, wherein the water temperature in the seedling pond is 23-30 ℃, the controlled salinity range in the seedling pond is 23.1-33.0, the pH value in the seedling pond is about 8.0, the ammonia nitrogen in the seedling pond is below 0.02mg/L, and the controlled illumination intensity in the seedling pond is 1000-5000 Lux.
Preferably, in S16, the cuttlefish can directly eat the artemia nauplii when the young cuttlefish is hatched, the bait density is kept at 5/ml, the water is changed for 1 time every day, the water amount is changed for 30%, the sewage suction device is used for sucking sewage for 1 time every 2 days, and residual bait, dead seedlings and other impurities at the bottom of the pond are removed.
Preferably, in S16, the young cuttlefish is fed with copepods and nauplii thereof after 3 days of age, the density is maintained at about 3/ml, and the water is changed once a day, the water change amount is 50%, and the contamination is absorbed 1 time a day; feeding live mysidacea larvae in the sea area before and after 14 days, wherein the feeding density is increased or decreased according to the feeding condition of the larvae, and the water is changed by 60-80%.
Preferably, in S16, young squid larvae incubated initially are fed with live mysidacea larvae in the sea area around 14 days, the feeding density is increased or decreased according to the feeding condition of the larvae, and water is changed by 60-80%, after the length of the young squid is 1.2cm (about 20 days old), the young squid fry starts trying to acclimate dead baits, a small amount of dead mysidacea is fed in the early stage for a plurality of times, the feeding amount is increased day by day until most of the larvae can feed the dead baits, water is changed by 100% every day after the dead mysidacea is dead, and the water is drained according to the water quality condition, so as to absorb 1-2 times, and simultaneously, oil films and dirt on the water surface are removed, the water temperature is controlled by a temperature sensor and a temperature controller, and the temperature difference is ensured not to exceed ± 2 ℃ during.
The method for breeding the improved variety of the marine shellfish organism is reasonable in design, can effectively improve the germplasm resources, genetic improvement, culture, disease prevention and control, proliferation and other technologies of the sepiella maindroni, improves the disease resistance of the sepiella maindroni, promotes a healthy culture mode and a disease prevention and control system, can more effectively and quickly convert scientific research results into direct productivity, and meets the use requirements.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Examples
The improved variety breeding method for marine shellfish provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting wild parents or cultured adult fishes with excellent biological properties as parents, wherein the parents have complete body forms, strong activity and good food intake, the number of the parents is more than 1200, the weight of the parents is more than 100g, and the ratio of male to female is preferably 1:1 for later use;
s2: firstly, selecting a seawater source with the salinity of 23-30, wherein the water quality of the seawater source meets the GB11607 requirement, pumping the seawater source into a sedimentation tank by using a water pump, carrying out sedimentation treatment for 30-50min, and pumping out the precipitated water by using the water pump;
s3: discharging the seawater source extracted in the step S2 into a filter box for filtering treatment, wherein the filter box filters impurities in the seawater source;
s4: the filtered seawater source is disinfected by combining an ultraviolet physical method and an ozone physical method, and the disinfected seawater is pumped out by a water pump and discharged into an indoor cement pond;
s5: s4, when the water depth of the cement pond reaches 1.5-2m, automatically closing a water suction pump through a liquid level sensor arranged in the cement pond, and stopping adding seawater into the cement pond;
s6: the cement pond in the S5 has complete water inlet and outlet pipelines, temperature control, inflation and light control facilities, wherein the temperature control facility is a temperature controller, the inflation facility is an inflation oxygenation pump, the light control facility is a cultivation light lamp, the temperature controller is electrically connected with a temperature sensor arranged in the cement pond, the inflation oxygenation pump is electrically connected with a dissolved oxygen sensor arranged in the cement pond, and the cultivation light lamp is electrically connected with an illumination sensor;
s7: the parents described in S1 were placed in the cement pit described in S6, and the parentsThe culture density of (A) is controlled to 50-70 pieces/m3；
S8: feeding fresh shrimps and clamworms in the cement pond in the S7, adding a proper amount of vitamin E, and feeding for 2 times a day;
s9: irradiating the parents in the cement pond in the S8 by using the breeding illuminator in the S6, and controlling the illumination time and the illumination intensity of the seawater in the cement pond in the S8 by using an illumination sensor, wherein the illumination time is required to be controlled between 14h and 17 h;
s10: detecting the temperature of seawater in the cement pond in the S8 by a temperature sensor in the S6, and controlling the water temperature in the cement in real time by a temperature controller, wherein the cultivation water temperature is required to be 18-22 ℃;
s11: monitoring the oxygen content of the seawater in the cement pool in the S8 through a dissolved oxygen sensor in the S6, and controlling the oxygen content of the seawater in the cement pool through an aeration oxygenation pump by the dissolved oxygen sensor;
s12: until the parents in the cement pond in S11 are 1 month before spawning, reinforced cultivation and reproduction regulation and control technologies are implemented on the parents for producing cuttlefish in an indoor cement pond to promote gonad maturation, and the gonad development process of the parents is controlled through the feeding condition and the growth environment in S8;
s13: the parent cuttlefish to be produced in S12 was placed in the spawning pond, and 18 was suspended in the spawning pond#The spawning chamber is sewn by nylon meshes with the iron wire as a frame, the specification of 30 multiplied by 50cm and the mesh of 1 multiplied by 1cm, for cuttlefish to lay eggs, the quantity of the laying ovaries is flexibly arranged according to the groups participating in laying eggs and the egg laying peak period, the net sheets can be taken out after the laying ovaries are fully covered with fertilized eggs, the net sheets are moved into an incubation pool after being sterilized, wherein the water temperature suitable for the incubation of the incubation pool is 22-26 ℃, the salinity suitable range is 25.7-29.7, and continuously aerating in the hatching pond by using an aeration oxygenation pump, keeping DO above 5mg/ml, adding Chlorella into the hatching pond, improving water quality, shaking the mesh sheet gently at regular time to remove dirt and dead eggs attached on the mesh sheet, changing water every day, or taking out the egg-attached net piece every day, transferring the net piece into another new hatching pond for hatching to ensure fresh water quality, and simultaneously replacing the new net piece to enable the parent to continuously lay eggs and attach;
s14: when the fertilized eggs in the S13 are in a cell division period, 35-50ml of a mixing agent is added into each liter of seawater in the hatching pond at one time, wherein the mixing agent is prepared from Cytochalasin B (CB), 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) and caffeine according to the proportion of 5:2:3, and the fertilized eggs are induced by a physicochemical mode of adding the mixing agent into the hatching pond until cuttlefish larvae are hatched;
s15: transferring the cuttlefish larva hatched in the S14 into a nursery pond, controlling the culture density of the larva hatched initially, and inoculating 30 × 10 cuttlefish larva into the nursery pond5cell/m3The chlorella liquid is used for making the pond water be in a slight green color, wherein the water temperature in the seedling pond is 23-30 ℃, the controlled salinity range in the seedling pond is 23.1-33.0, the pH value in the seedling pond is about 8.0, the ammonia nitrogen in the seedling pond is below 0.02mg/L, the controlled illumination intensity in the seedling pond is 1000-5000 Lux, and the aeration quantity is gradually increased along with the growth of larvae;
s16: in S15, water is not changed 3 days before the first-hatched cuttlefish larva is opened, water is added for 20cm every day until the pond is full, the first-hatched cuttlefish larva is fed with copepods and nauplii thereof after 3 days old, the density is kept at about 3/ml, water is changed once every day, the water change amount is 50%, dirt is absorbed for 1 time every day, the first-hatched cuttlefish larva is fed with live mysidacea larvae in sea areas before and after 14 days, the feeding density is increased or decreased according to the feeding condition of the larvae, the water change amount is 60% -80%, the first-hatched cuttlefish larva starts to try to die after feeding the live mysidacea larva in sea areas before and after 14 days, the feeding density is increased or decreased according to the feeding condition of the larvae, the water change amount is 60% -80%, the cuttlefish larva trunk is 1.2cm (about 20 days old), the best bait is tried to be fed with running water for domestication, a small amount of the mysidacea is fed for a plurality of times in the early stage, the feeding amount is increased day until most of mysidacea larva can die, the water quality is 100%, absorbing sewage for 1-2 times, simultaneously removing oil films and dirt on the water surface, controlling the water temperature through a temperature sensor and a temperature controller, ensuring that the temperature difference does not exceed +/-2 ℃ during water changing, timely performing pond division cultivation until young cuttlefishes are cultivated to ingest mysid shrimps, observing the ingestion condition of the young cuttlefishes every day, performing microscopic examination on the fullness of stomach contents and intestines and stomach, and simultaneously monitoring and recording the water temperature, specific gravity, pH value, DO, ammonia nitrogen, illuminance and other physical and chemical factors;
s17: when the length of the young cuttlefish hatched in S16 reaches 1.5cm, the young cuttlefish can be completely adapted and can eat dead bait, and then the seedlings can emerge.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A marine shellfish biological fine variety breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting wild parents or cultured adult fishes with excellent biological properties as the parents, wherein the parents have complete body forms and strong activity and are good in ingestion for later use;
s2: firstly, selecting a seawater source with the salinity of 23-30, pumping the seawater source into a sedimentation tank by using a water pump, carrying out sedimentation treatment for 30-50min, and pumping out the precipitated water by using the water pump;
s3: discharging the seawater source extracted in the step S2 into a filter box for filtering treatment, wherein the filter box filters impurities in the seawater source;
s4: the filtered seawater source is disinfected by combining an ultraviolet physical method and an ozone physical method, and the disinfected seawater is pumped out by a water pump and discharged into an indoor cement pond;
s5: s4, when the water depth of the cement pond reaches 1.5-2m, automatically closing a water suction pump through a liquid level sensor arranged in the cement pond, and stopping adding seawater into the cement pond;
s6: the cement pond in the S5 has complete water inlet and outlet pipelines, temperature control, inflation and light control facilities, wherein the temperature control facility is a temperature controller, the inflation facility is an inflation oxygenation pump, the light control facility is a cultivation light lamp, the temperature controller is electrically connected with a temperature sensor arranged in the cement pond, the inflation oxygenation pump is electrically connected with a dissolved oxygen sensor arranged in the cement pond, and the cultivation light lamp is electrically connected with an illumination sensor;
s7: the parents described in S1 were placed in the cement pond described in S6, and the culture density of the parents was controlled to 50-70/m3；
S8: feeding fresh shrimps and clamworms in the cement pond in the S7, adding a proper amount of vitamin E, and feeding for 2 times a day;
s9: irradiating the parents in the cement pond in the S8 by using the breeding illuminator in the S6, and controlling the illumination time and the illumination intensity of the seawater in the cement pond in the S8 by using an illumination sensor, wherein the illumination time is required to be controlled between 14h and 17 h;
s10: detecting the temperature of seawater in the cement pond in the S8 by a temperature sensor in the S6, and controlling the water temperature in the cement in real time by a temperature controller, wherein the cultivation water temperature is required to be 18-22 ℃;
s11: monitoring the oxygen content of the seawater in the cement pool in the S8 through a dissolved oxygen sensor in the S6, and controlling the oxygen content of the seawater in the cement pool through an aeration oxygenation pump by the dissolved oxygen sensor;
s12: until the parents in the cement pond in S11 are 1 month before spawning, reinforced cultivation and reproduction regulation and control technologies are implemented on the parents for producing cuttlefish in an indoor cement pond to promote gonad maturation, and the gonad development process of the parents is controlled through the feeding condition and the growth environment in S8;
s13: the parent cuttlefish to be produced in S12 was placed in the spawning pond, and 18 was suspended in the spawning pond#The laying ovaries are sewn by nylon mesh sheets with iron wires as frames, the specification of 30 multiplied by 50cm and the mesh of 1 multiplied by 1cm and are used for the cuttlefish to lay eggs, the quantity of the set laying ovaries is flexibly arranged according to the groups participating in laying eggs and the egg laying peak period, the mesh sheets can be taken out after the laying ovaries are full of fertilized eggs, the mesh sheets are moved into an incubation pool after being sterilized, and meanwhile, new mesh sheets are replaced to ensure that parents continue to lay eggs and adhere to the cuttlefish;
s14: when the fertilized eggs in the S13 are in a cell division period, 35-50ml of a mixing agent is added into each liter of seawater in the hatching pond at one time, wherein the mixing agent is prepared from Cytochalasin B (CB), 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) and caffeine according to the proportion of 5:2:3, and the fertilized eggs are induced by a physicochemical mode of adding the mixing agent into the hatching pond until cuttlefish larvae are hatched;
s15: transferring the cuttlefish larva hatched in the S14 into a seedling pond, controlling the culture density of the initially hatched larva, and gradually increasing the air inflation amount along with the growth of the larva;
s16: in the S15, water is not changed 3 days before the opening of the young cuttlefish is initially hatched, water is added for 20cm every day until the pond is full, water is changed every day after the young cuttlefish is initially hatched, timely pond division cultivation is carried out after the young cuttlefish is cultivated to eat mysid, the ingestion condition of the young cuttlefish is observed every day, the stomach content and the stomach and intestine fullness are checked in a microscopic mode, and meanwhile, the water temperature, the specific gravity, the pH value, the DO, the ammonia nitrogen, the illuminance and other physical and chemical factors are monitored and recorded;
s17: when the length of the young cuttlefish hatched in S16 reaches 1.5cm, the young cuttlefish can be completely adapted and can eat dead bait, and then the seedlings can emerge.
2. The improved variety breeding method of marine shellfish according to claim 1, characterized in that in S1, the number of parents is more than 1200, wherein the weight of the parents is more than 100g, and the ratio of male to female is preferably 1: 1.
3. The improved variety breeding method for marine shellfish according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the quality of seawater source meets GB11607 requirements.
4. The improved marine shellfish breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S13 and S14, the incubation pool is incubated at a suitable water temperature of 22-26 ℃ and a suitable salinity of 25.7-29.7, and the incubation pool is continuously aerated by an aeration pump to maintain DO at above 5mg/ml, and chlorella is added into the incubation pool to improve water quality, the mesh is gently shaken at regular time to remove dirt and dead eggs attached to the mesh, water is changed every day, or the mesh with eggs is taken out every day and transferred to another new incubation pool for incubation, so as to ensure fresh water quality.
5. The improved variety breeding method for marine shellfish according to claim 1, wherein 30 x 10 of the marine shellfish is inoculated into a nursery pond in S155cell/m3And the chlorella solution enables the water in the pond to be slightly green, wherein the water temperature in the seedling pond is 23-30 ℃, the controlled salinity range in the seedling pond is 23.1-33.0, the pH value in the seedling pond is about 8.0, the ammonia nitrogen in the seedling pond is below 0.02mg/L, and the controlled illumination intensity in the seedling pond is 1000-5000 Lux.
6. The method for selectively breeding improved varieties of marine shellfish according to claim 1, wherein in S16, the cuttlefish can directly eat the artemia nauplii when the young cuttlefish is hatched, the bait density is kept at 5/ml, the water is changed 1 time per day, the water is changed 30%, the sewage is sucked 1 time per 2 days by a sewage suction device, and the residual bait, dead seedlings and other impurities at the bottom of the pond are removed.
7. The method for selectively breeding improved varieties of marine shellfish according to claim 1, wherein in S16, the young cuttlefish hatched at 3 days is fed with copepods and nauplii thereof, the density is maintained at about 3/ml, and the water is changed once a day, the water change amount is 50%, and the pollution is absorbed 1 time a day; feeding live mysidacea larvae in the sea area before and after 14 days, wherein the feeding density is increased or decreased according to the feeding condition of the larvae, and the water is changed by 60-80%.
8. The method for selectively breeding improved varieties of marine shellfish according to claim 1, wherein in S16, young squid hatched is fed with live mysidacea larvae in the sea area before and after 14 days, the feeding density is increased or decreased according to the feeding condition of the larvae, the water is changed by 60-80%, after the trunk length of the young squid is 1.2cm (about 20 days old), the dead bait feeding is tried, the dead mysidacea is fed for a few times in the early stage, the feeding amount is increased day by day until most of the larvae can feed the dead bait, after the dead mysidacea is changed, the water is changed by 100% every day, the flowing water is added according to the water quality condition, the dirt is sucked for 1-2 times, the oil film and dirt on the water surface are removed, and the water temperature is controlled by a temperature sensor and a temperature controller, so that the temperature difference during the water changing is not more than +/-2 ℃.
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