CN112577855A - Experimental device for research pumping well peripheral heterogeneous aquifer groundwater level change condition - Google Patents
Experimental device for research pumping well peripheral heterogeneous aquifer groundwater level change condition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device for researching the water level change condition of underground water of a heterogeneous aquifer around a pumping well, which relates to the technical field of underground water level change research and comprises the following steps: the experimental tank is used for simulating different aquifers of underground water; the movable water tank is used for controlling a left water head of the experiment tank; the fixed water tank is used for controlling a right water head of the experiment tank; simulating a well and simulating the change of the flow field of underground water under the condition of pumping water. The experimental device has the advantages that the operation is simple, different flow fields of the underground water are changed by adjusting the fixed water tank and the movable water tank which are arranged on two sides of the experimental groove, the water level of the simulation well is changed by opening the water pump so as to simulate the change of the flow field of the underground water under the condition of pumping, the height change of the underground water level of different aquifers can be visually observed, the change of the water level of the heterogeneous aquifer at the periphery of the pumping well can be simulated, the experimental repeatability and the operability are strong, and the experimental device has a better application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground water level change research, in particular to an experimental device for researching the underground water level change condition of a heterogeneous aquifer around a pumping well.
Background
With the increasing depletion of surface water resources and the rapid development of economic society, the situation of large-scale groundwater extraction is rare, a groundwater funnel is easily formed due to rapid consumption of groundwater resources, groundwater lateral flow can obviously supplement a groundwater funnel area, a groundwater flow field is seriously affected, groundwater water level is reduced to different degrees at different places away from the center of the funnel, and the groundwater level is especially obvious in plain areas. Most aquifers are heterogeneous, and different water permeability has different responsivities to artificial interference such as pumping, so that the exploration of water level change of the water level of the heterogeneous aquifer near an underground funnel, caused by pumping, is important for selecting a pumping well to pump in the future.
At present, the research on the high influence of manual interference such as water pumping on the water level of an aquifer is less, most of the research focuses on the research on the pollutant migration in underground water or the pollutant soil remediation, and Chinese patents (such as CN105152393B) introduce that the removal effect of pollutants in polluted underground water and soil under aeration conditions is researched by utilizing aeration devices such as a simulation well, but the change of the water level of the aquifer by the aeration devices cannot be monitored visually; chinese patents (such as CN108447376A) introduce a simulation experiment device for the migration and tendency of nano particles in an underground environment, wherein a monitoring well is arranged in the device, but no water level change observation hole of an underground aquifer is formed, so that the water level change cannot be observed visually; neither Chinese patent (CN104483240A, CN105300843A, etc.) realizes the intuitive understanding of the influence of pumping activities on the water level change of aquifers. The water level of the surrounding aquifer is necessarily changed when the pumping well is used, and aquifers of different types or different water permeability are necessarily corresponding to different water level changes, so that a laboratory device capable of researching the groundwater level change of the heterogeneous aquifer around the pumping well is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses an experimental device for researching the water level change condition of underground water of a heterogeneous aquifer around a pumping well.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an experimental device for researching water level change conditions of heterogeneous aquifer underground water at the periphery of a pumping well comprises:
the experimental tank is used for simulating different aquifers of underground water;
the movable water tank is used for controlling a left water head of the experiment tank;
the fixed water tank is used for controlling a right water head of the experiment tank;
simulating a well and simulating the change of the flow field of underground water under the condition of pumping water.
As a further preferred of the invention, the experimental groove is of a stepped structure, and the left side and the right side of the bottom of the experimental groove are respectively provided with a water outlet switch.
As a further optimization of the invention, a simulation well is arranged in the experiment groove, and a plurality of openings are uniformly formed on the periphery of the bottom of the simulation well.
As a further optimization of the invention, the simulation water well is made of PVC-U material, and the aperture of the opening at the bottom of the simulation water well is smaller than the grain diameter of the quartz sand of the aquifer.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, a plurality of vertical observation columns are provided at intervals on the inner side wall of the experimental tank.
As a further preferred aspect of the invention, the observation columns are made of organic glass and have a diameter smaller than 1/20 of the length of the bottom edge of the experimental groove.
As a further preferable mode of the invention, a perforated plate or a turbulator is arranged at the position where the movable water tank and the fixed water tank are communicated with the experiment groove.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movable water tank is installed at the left side of the test bath, and the height of the movable water tank is adjustable.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, a peristaltic pump for pumping water is further disposed outside each of the movable water tank and the fixed water tank, and a water pump for injecting water or draining water is further disposed outside the simulated water well.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aquifer simulating the groundwater in the experimental tank is filled with quartz sand with a suitable particle size, and the aquifer is separated from the aeration zone by a gauze.
The beneficial effect of the invention is that,
1. filling quartz sand subjected to acid washing and alkali washing with different particle sizes in an experimental groove for simulating underground water to simulate aquifers with different water contents, and simulating water taking in a water pump pumping mode.
2. The experimental device is simple to operate, different flow fields of underground water are changed by adjusting the fixed water tank and the movable water tank which are arranged on two sides of the experimental groove, the water level of the simulation well is changed by opening the water pump, the change of the flow field of the underground water under the condition of water pumping is simulated, the height change of the underground water level of different aquifers can be observed visually, the change of the water level of a heterogeneous aquifer at the periphery of the water pumping well can be simulated, the experimental repeatability and the operability are strong, and the experimental device has a better application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a simulated well according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a multi-well plate according to the present invention
Wherein, 1, a movable water tank; 2. a perforated plate; 3. an experimental groove; 4. observing the column; 5. a water outlet switch; 6. a peristaltic pump; 7. simulating a water well; 8. fixing a water tank; 9. and (6) water permeable holes.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an experimental apparatus for studying the variation of groundwater level in a heterogeneous aquifer around a pumping well includes:
the experimental tank 3 is used for simulating different aquifers of underground water; quartz sand with different grain sizes is selected and evenly paved on the bottom layer of the experimental groove 3 according to different thickness and different positions according to experimental purposes to be used as a water-bearing layer with good porosity.
The movable water tank 1 is used for controlling a left water head of the experiment tank 3;
the fixed water tank is used for controlling a right water head of the experiment tank 3;
and simulating a well 7 and simulating the change of the underground water flow field under the condition of pumping water.
Particularly, the experimental groove 3 has a stepped structure, and the left side and the right side of the bottom of the experimental groove 3 are respectively provided with a water outlet switch 5, so that water discharged from the simulated water tank 1 can be collected and recycled.
Particularly, a simulation well 7 is arranged in the experiment groove 3, and a plurality of openings are uniformly formed in the periphery of the bottom of the simulation well 7, so that water can be conveniently injected into the experiment groove 3 from the top of the simulation well 7.
Particularly, the simulated water well 7 is made of PVC-U materials, and the aperture of the opening at the bottom of the simulated water well 7 is smaller than the particle size of the quartz sand of the aquifer, so that the quartz sand is prevented from entering the simulated water well 7 from the opening.
Particularly, the inner side wall of the experimental groove 3 is provided with a plurality of vertical observation columns 4 at intervals, so that the liquid level height change in the experimental process can be observed conveniently.
In particular, the observation column 4 is made of organic glass, and the diameter of the observation column is smaller than 1/20 of the length of the bottom edge of the experimental groove 3, so that the influence of the observation column 4 on the original flow field is reduced.
Particularly, a porous plate 2 or a turbulator is arranged at the communication part of the movable water tank 1 and the fixed water tank and the experiment tank 3.
In particular, the movable water tank 1 is installed at the left side of the experimental tank 3, and the height thereof is adjustable.
In particular, a peristaltic pump 6 for pumping water is respectively arranged outside the movable water tank 1 and the fixed water tank, and a water pump for injecting water or draining water is arranged outside the simulation well 7.
Specifically, the aquifer simulating the groundwater in the experimental tank 3 is filled with quartz sand having an appropriate particle size, and the aquifer is separated from the aeration zone by a gauze.
The experimental process of the experimental device is as follows:
in the installation process, quartz sand with a certain particle size subjected to acid washing and alkali washing is uniformly filled in the experimental groove 3, and is properly shaken during filling to ensure uniform filling; after the layer is filled, a thin gauze layer is put in to prevent the adjacent two layers of quartz sand from mixing; according to the experimental requirements, uniformly placing another quartz sand layer with the particle size on the gauze, and adjusting the thickness according to the experiment; the simulated water well 7 is placed at a proper position, and the periphery of the simulated water well can be wrapped and fixed by fillers such as quartz sand and the like; starting two peristaltic pumps 6 connected with the fixed water tank and the movable water tank 1 to inject water into the experimental tank 3, opening a water outlet switch 5, collecting and recycling discharged water, adjusting the heights of the water tanks on two sides, enabling the water head difference to reach a certain value, and continuously stabilizing for 3 hours to form a stable flow field; a water pump communicated with the simulation well 7 is opened, the artificial interference of water pumping or water injection is simulated at a certain flow rate, the flow field is stable after waiting for 30min, the artificial interference of water pumping or water injection is simulated at a certain flow rate, and the flow field is stable after the speed is kept for 30 min; and observing the liquid level of the observation column 4, waiting for the liquid level to be stable, and recording the height of the liquid level.
Example 1
An experimental device for researching water level change conditions of heterogeneous aquifer underground water at the periphery of a pumping well comprises:
the experimental tank 3 is used for simulating different aquifers of underground water; the aquifer simulating the groundwater in the experimental groove 3 is filled with quartz sand with proper particle size, and the aquifer and the aeration zone are separated by a gauze; the experimental groove 3 is of a step-shaped structure, and the left side and the right side of the bottom of the experimental groove 3 are respectively provided with a water outlet switch 5 which can collect and recycle water discharged from the simulated water tank 1; a simulation well 7 is arranged in the experiment groove 3, and a plurality of openings are uniformly formed in the periphery of the bottom of the simulation well 7, so that water can be conveniently injected into the experiment groove 3 from the top of the simulation well 7; a plurality of vertical observation columns 4 are arranged on the inner side wall of the experimental groove 3 at intervals, so that the liquid level height change in the experimental process can be observed conveniently; the observation column 4 is made of organic glass, and the diameter of the observation column 4 is smaller than 1/20 of the length of the bottom edge of the experimental groove 3, so that the influence of the observation column 4 on the original flow field is reduced.
The movable water tank 1 is used for controlling a left water head of the experiment tank 3; the movable water tank 1 is installed on the left side of the experimental tank 3, and the height of the movable water tank is adjustable.
The fixed water tank is used for controlling a right water head of the experiment tank 3; porous plates 2 are respectively arranged at the positions where the movable water tank 1 and the fixed water tank are communicated with the experimental tank 3, and a plurality of water permeable holes 9 are uniformly distributed on the porous plates; the outside of the movable water tank 1 and the fixed water tank is respectively provided with a peristaltic pump 6 for pumping water, and the outside of the simulation well 7 is also provided with a water pump for injecting water or draining water.
Simulating a well 7, and simulating the change of an underground water flow field under the condition of pumping; the simulated water well 7 is made of PVC-U materials, and the aperture of the opening at the bottom of the simulated water well 7 is smaller than the particle size of the quartz sand of the aquifer, so that the quartz sand is prevented from entering the simulated water well 7 from the opening.
Carrying out acid washing and alkali washing treatment on quartz sand with the particle sizes of 200nm, 300nm and 400nm respectively, drying after staying overnight, uniformly layering the quartz sand with different particle sizes from bottom to top into an experimental tank 3, properly shaking during filling to ensure uniform filling, and placing a layer of gauze between every two layers of quartz sand to prevent the quartz sand from being mutually stringed; placing the simulated well 7 with holes on the periphery of the bottom in the experimental groove 3, and wrapping and fixing the periphery with fillers such as quartz sand; after filling, starting the two peristaltic pumps 6, adjusting the heights of the simulated water tanks on the two sides to ensure that the water head difference between the two simulated water tanks is 5cm, and after fixing the height of the water tank, continuing for 3 hours to form a stable flow field by the system; and (3) starting a water pump connected with the simulated water well 7, simulating water pumping at the flow rate of 0.1mL/min, and keeping the flow field stable after the flow rate is kept for 3 h. And observing the liquid level height in the organic glass observation column 4, and starting to record the liquid level height and draw when the liquid level height is unchanged.
Example 2
An experimental device for researching water level change conditions of heterogeneous aquifer underground water at the periphery of a pumping well comprises:
the experimental tank 3 is used for simulating different aquifers of underground water; the aquifer simulating the groundwater in the experimental groove 3 is filled with quartz sand with proper particle size, and the aquifer and the aeration zone are separated by a gauze; the experimental groove 3 is of a step-shaped structure, and the left side and the right side of the bottom of the experimental groove 3 are respectively provided with a water outlet switch 5 which can collect and recycle water discharged from the simulated water tank 1; a simulation well 7 is arranged in the experiment groove 3, and a plurality of openings are uniformly formed in the periphery of the bottom of the simulation well 7, so that water can be conveniently injected into the experiment groove 3 from the top of the simulation well 7; a plurality of vertical observation columns 4 are arranged on the inner side wall of the experimental groove 3 at intervals, so that the liquid level height change in the experimental process can be observed conveniently; the observation column 4 is made of organic glass, and the diameter of the observation column 4 is smaller than 1/20 of the length of the bottom edge of the experimental groove 3, so that the influence of the observation column 4 on the original flow field is reduced.
The movable water tank 1 is used for controlling a left water head of the experiment tank 3; the movable water tank 1 is installed on the left side of the experimental tank 3, and the height of the movable water tank is adjustable.
The fixed water tank is used for controlling a right water head of the experiment tank 3; turbulators are arranged at the positions where the movable water tank 1 and the fixed water tank are communicated with the experimental tank 3; the outside of the movable water tank 1 and the fixed water tank is respectively provided with a peristaltic pump 6 for pumping water, and the outside of the simulation well 7 is also provided with a water pump for injecting water or draining water.
Simulating a well 7, and simulating the change of an underground water flow field under the condition of pumping; the simulated water well 7 is made of PVC-U materials, and the aperture of the opening at the bottom of the simulated water well 7 is smaller than the particle size of the quartz sand of the aquifer, so that the quartz sand is prevented from entering the simulated water well 7 from the opening.
Carrying out acid washing and alkali washing treatment on quartz sand with the particle sizes of 200nm and 300nm respectively, drying after staying overnight, paving the quartz sand with different particle sizes into an experimental tank 3 from bottom to top according to the thickness of 3:1, properly shaking during filling to ensure uniform filling, and placing a layer of gauze between two layers of quartz sand to prevent the quartz sand from mutually crossing; placing the simulated well 7 with holes on the periphery of the bottom in the experimental groove 3, and wrapping and fixing the periphery with fillers such as quartz sand; after filling, starting the two peristaltic pumps 6, adjusting the heights of the simulated water tanks on the two sides to ensure that the water head difference between the two simulated water tanks is 5cm, and after fixing the height of the water tank, continuing for 3 hours to form a stable flow field by the system; and (3) starting a water pump connected with the simulated water well 7, simulating water pumping at the flow rate of 0.3mL/min, and keeping the flow field stable after the flow rate is kept for 3 h. And observing the liquid level height in the organic glass observation column 4, and starting to record the liquid level height and draw when the liquid level height is unchanged.
Example 3
An experimental device for researching water level change conditions of heterogeneous aquifer underground water at the periphery of a pumping well comprises:
the experimental tank 3 is used for simulating different aquifers of underground water; the aquifer simulating the groundwater in the experimental groove 3 is filled with quartz sand with proper particle size, and the aquifer and the aeration zone are separated by a gauze; the experimental groove 3 is of a step-shaped structure, and the left side and the right side of the bottom of the experimental groove 3 are respectively provided with a water outlet switch 5 which can collect and recycle water discharged from the simulated water tank 1; a simulation well 7 is arranged in the experiment groove 3, and a plurality of openings are uniformly formed in the periphery of the bottom of the simulation well 7, so that water can be conveniently injected into the experiment groove 3 from the top of the simulation well 7; a plurality of vertical observation columns 4 are arranged on the inner side wall of the experimental groove 3 at intervals, so that the liquid level height change in the experimental process can be observed conveniently; the observation column 4 is made of organic glass, and the diameter of the observation column 4 is smaller than 1/20 of the length of the bottom edge of the experimental groove 3, so that the influence of the observation column 4 on the original flow field is reduced.
The movable water tank 1 is used for controlling a left water head of the experiment tank 3; the movable water tank 1 is installed on the left side of the experimental tank 3, and the height of the movable water tank is adjustable.
The fixed water tank is used for controlling a right water head of the experiment tank 3; porous plates 2 are respectively arranged at the positions where the movable water tank 1 and the fixed water tank are communicated with the experimental tank 3, and a plurality of water permeable holes 9 are uniformly distributed on the porous plates; the outside of the movable water tank 1 and the fixed water tank is respectively provided with a peristaltic pump 6 for pumping water, and the outside of the simulation well 7 is also provided with a water pump for injecting water or draining water.
Simulating a well 7, and simulating the change of an underground water flow field under the condition of pumping; the simulated water well 7 is made of PVC-U materials, and the aperture of the opening at the bottom of the simulated water well 7 is smaller than the particle size of the quartz sand of the aquifer, so that the quartz sand is prevented from entering the simulated water well 7 from the opening.
Carrying out acid washing and alkali washing treatment on quartz sand with the particle sizes of 300nm and 400nm respectively, drying after overnight, paving the quartz sand with different particle sizes into an experimental tank 3 from bottom to top according to the thickness of 1:1, properly shaking during filling to ensure uniform filling, and placing a layer of gauze between two layers of quartz sand to prevent the quartz sand from mutually crossing; placing the simulated well 7 with holes on the periphery of the bottom in the experimental groove 3, and wrapping and fixing the periphery with fillers such as quartz sand; after filling, starting the two peristaltic pumps 6, adjusting the heights of the simulated water tanks on the two sides to ensure that the water head difference between the two simulated water tanks is 5cm, and after fixing the height of the water tank, continuing for 3 hours to form a stable flow field by the system; and (3) starting a water pump connected with the simulated water well 7, simulating water pumping at the flow rate of 0.2mL/min, and keeping the flow field stable after the flow rate is kept for 3 h. And observing the liquid level height in the organic glass observation column 4, and starting to record the liquid level height and draw when the liquid level height is unchanged.
When the experimental device is applied, quartz sand which is subjected to acid washing and alkali washing overnight is uniformly filled in the experimental tank 3 to a certain thickness according to the experimental purpose, then quartz sand with a certain thickness and different particle sizes is filled above the experimental tank according to the experimental requirement to form an upper water-bearing layer and a lower water-bearing layer with different water contents, in order to ensure that the water-bearing layers are obviously divided, a gauze can be used for separating at the joint, and the simulated water well 7 is fixed at a certain position in the sand filling process; then a peristaltic pump 6 for controlling a water head is adjusted to inject water into the movable water tank 1, the water exceeding the interface of the water tank overflows and is discharged, and the discharged water can be collected in time and recycled by turning on a water outlet switch 5. After the water level height is stabilized for 3h and the flow field is basically stabilized, the water pump connected with the simulation well 7 is turned on, the water pumping work is simulated at a certain flow velocity, the water level change in the organic glass observation column 4 is observed, and a water level change graph is drawn.
According to the invention, different types of aquifers are simulated by using quartz sand with different particle sizes, and the use condition of the water well 7 is simulated by adjusting the positions of the fixed water tank and the movable water tank 1 on the two sides of the experiment groove 3, so that the underground water flow field under the water pumping background is simulated, the blank that the existing experiment device cannot intuitively simulate the underground water level change and intuitively research the underground water level change under the water pumping background is made up, and a good experiment teaching device is provided for researching the underground water level change of the heterogeneous aquifer around the water pumping well in a laboratory.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an experimental apparatus for research pumping well peripheral heterogeneous aquifer groundwater level change condition which characterized in that includes: the experimental tank is used for simulating different aquifers of underground water;
the movable water tank is used for controlling a left water head of the experiment tank;
the fixed water tank is used for controlling a right water head of the experiment tank;
simulating a well and simulating the change of the flow field of underground water under the condition of pumping water.
2. The experimental facility for studying the water level variation of the groundwater of the heterogeneous aquifer around the pumping well as defined in claim 1, wherein the experimental tank has a stepped structure, and the left side and the right side of the bottom of the experimental tank are respectively provided with a water outlet switch.
3. The experimental facility for studying the water level variation of the groundwater of the heterogeneous aquifer around the pumping well as defined in claim 2, wherein a simulated well is disposed in the experimental tank, and a plurality of openings are uniformly formed around the bottom of the simulated well.
4. The experimental device for researching water level change of heterogeneous aquifer groundwater table around a pumping well as claimed in claim 3, wherein the simulation well is made of PVC-U material, and the aperture of the opening at the bottom of the simulation well is smaller than the particle size of quartz sand of the aquifer.
5. The experimental facility for studying the water level variation of the groundwater of the heterogeneous aquifer around the pumping well as defined in claim 3, wherein a plurality of vertical observation pillars are arranged on the inner side wall of the experimental tank at intervals.
6. The experimental facility for studying the water level variation of the groundwater of the heterogeneous aquifer around the pumping well as the experimental facility of claim 5, wherein the observation columns are made of organic glass and have a diameter smaller than 1/20 of the length of the bottom edge of the experimental tank.
7. The experimental facility for studying the water level variation of the groundwater of the heterogeneous aquifer around the pumping well as defined in claim 1, wherein a porous plate or a turbulator is disposed at the connection between the movable flume and the fixed flume and the experimental flume.
8. The experimental facility for studying the water level variation of the groundwater of the heterogeneous aquifer around the pumping well as recited in claim 7, wherein the movable water tank is installed at the left side of the experimental tank, and the height of the movable water tank is adjustable.
9. The experimental facility for studying the water level variation of the groundwater of the heterogeneous aquifer around the pumping well as the claim 7, wherein the movable water tank and the fixed water tank are respectively provided with a peristaltic pump for pumping water outside, and the simulated well is provided with a water pump for injecting water or discharging water outside.
10. The experimental facility for investigating the water level variation of an inhomogeneous aquifer surrounding a pumping well as recited in claim 8, wherein the aquifer in the experimental tank simulating groundwater is filled with quartz sand of suitable particle size, and the aquifer is separated from the aeration zone by a gauze.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114965962A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-30 | 桂林理工大学 | Visualization method for applying transparent soil technology to composite aquifer structure and evolution thereof |
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| JP2006161340A (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-22 | Tone Geo Tech Co Ltd | Method and storage medium for analyzing pumping test |
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