CN112562913A - Common vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable and winding transposition method - Google Patents

Common vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable and winding transposition method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112562913A
CN112562913A CN202010960864.3A CN202010960864A CN112562913A CN 112562913 A CN112562913 A CN 112562913A CN 202010960864 A CN202010960864 A CN 202010960864A CN 112562913 A CN112562913 A CN 112562913A
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China
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conductor
winding
framework
folded
transposition
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Inventor
左佳欣
赖小强
李鹏远
孙林煜
张腾
陈辉
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Southwestern Institute of Physics
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Southwestern Institute of Physics
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B12/00Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
    • H01B12/02Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by their form
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature superconduction, and particularly relates to a co-vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable and a winding transposition method, wherein the co-vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable comprises a conductor framework, a metal sheath and folded yarns, the folded yarns are tightly wound on the surface of the conductor framework, and the metal sheath completely covers all the folded yarns; the strands are helically wound around the surface of the conductor skeleton at an angle, and all strand strip faces are all parallel. The co-vertical surface winding transposition method comprises the steps of tightly winding a folded yarn on the outer surface of a conductor framework, taking the arc center line of the conductor framework as the winding central axis of the folded yarn, and winding the folded yarn around the central axis of the framework at the same angle theta in a rotating mode at an alpha angular speed; while the strand is also rotated at an angular velocity a in the opposite direction around the fixed axis Xs of the coil from which the strand emanates. The band surface orientation of the common vertical surface transposition high-temperature superconducting cable can be adjusted to keep all the band plane parallel to the angle of the magnetic field or have the minimum included angle, so that the maximum critical current of the high-temperature superconducting band can be fully utilized.

Description

Common vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable and winding transposition method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature superconduction, and particularly relates to a common vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable and a winding transposition method.
Background
The high-temperature superconducting strip has an operating temperature and a critical magnetic field which are far higher than those of low-temperature superconductors, and provides a better choice for building a high-magnetic-field magnet, such as a fusion reactor magnet, an accelerator magnet, a detector magnet and the like. The critical current of the high-temperature super-strip has obvious anisotropy, and in order to fully utilize the critical current of the strip, the normal direction of the strip surface of the strip needs to be vertical to the direction of a magnetic field; for an unsteady state operation environment, the high-temperature superconducting cable needs to be symmetrically transposed, so that the alternating current loss of the cable is reduced. When the high-temperature superconducting cable with a common structure is transposed, the surface normal of the strip changes along with the length direction of the strip constantly, and generally, the normal of all the strips is difficult to be always vertical to the direction of a magnetic field, so that the current carrying capacity of all the strips is difficult to be fully utilized, and the economy is poor.
With the promotion of critical current of high-temperature superconducting tapes and the development of cutting technology, the circular conductor with smaller diameter is manufactured by using the high-temperature superconducting narrow band, the bending property of the circular conductor is close to that of a copper wire with the same diameter, and the advantage can be fully utilized to wind a large-current cable with the characteristic of common vertical plane transposition. Patent CN 110246625A, CN 110706860a is a typical rutherford cable, where the high temperature superconducting stacked rectangular and circular strands are spatially transposed at a certain angle, the tape surface of the strand rotates 360 ° in one period, when the cable is used for winding magnets, all the tapes will have a portion where the normal of the tape surface is parallel to the magnetic field, resulting in that only the minimum current carrying capacity of the tape can be utilized. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the structure and process of the high temperature superconducting cable and fully utilize the current carrying capacity of the tape.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a common vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable and a winding transposition method, which can keep the angle parallelism between the planes of all strips and a magnetic field or have the minimum included angle, thereby fully utilizing the maximum critical current of a high-temperature superconducting strip.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-temperature superconducting cable with transposition in a common vertical plane comprises a conductor framework, a metal sheath and a strand between the conductor framework and the metal sheath, wherein the strand is tightly wound on the surface of the conductor framework, and the metal sheath completely wraps all the strands; the folded yarn consists of a coating material and an internal stacked conductor, the stacked conductor is a multilayer structure formed by stacking ribbon conductors, the cross section of the stacked conductor is square, and the plane of each layer is a ribbon surface; all strands are helically wound around the surface of the conductive skeleton at an angle, and all strand strip faces are all parallel.
The metal sheath is cylindrical or cylindrical with an oblong cross section, the side wall is of a double-layer hollow structure, and cooling media are filled in the inner gap.
The conductor framework is cylindrical or cylindrical with an oblong cross section.
The cooling medium is liquid nitrogen, liquid helium or low-temperature helium.
The number of layers of the multilayer structure formed by stacking the strip conductors of the stacked conductors is 20-30.
And a plurality of layers of folded yarns are wound outside the conductor framework, and the single layers and the even layers of folded yarns are alternately arranged clockwise and anticlockwise respectively.
The folded yarn is divided into 2-4 layers and is wound outside the conductor framework.
All the strands are spirally wound on the surface of the conductor framework at a certain angle, and the angle is 5-30 degrees.
The folded yarn metal material is made by packaging, and is made of tin, lead, tin-lead alloy, gold, aluminum, copper or alloy of 2 components.
The metal sheath is made of stainless steel, copper, aluminum, copper alloy or aluminum alloy.
A method for adopting the co-vertical surface winding transposition method is characterized in that the folded yarn is tightly wound on the outer surface of a conductor framework, the arc center line of the conductor framework is taken as the winding central axis of the folded yarn, and the strip surfaces in all the folded yarn are parallel and parallel to the axial direction of the conductor framework; all the strands are wound around the central axis of the framework at the same angle theta in a rotating mode at an alpha angular speed; at the same time, the strand also rotates around the fixed axis Xs of the coil from which the strand is emitted, in the opposite direction, at an angular speed α, and a certain position of the side surface of the strand is periodically in contact with and away from the conductor skeleton, and the position is periodically in a compressed or stretched state.
And multiple layers of strands can be wound around the conductor framework, and when multiple layers are wound, the single layers and the even layers of strands are alternately wound clockwise and anticlockwise respectively.
Theta is 5-30 DEG, and alpha angular velocity is 20-200 DEG/s.
The invention has the following remarkable effects:
1. according to the problem that the anisotropy difference of the critical current of the high-temperature superconducting strip is obvious, the common vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable is designed, and the belt surface orientation of the common vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable can be adjusted to keep all strip planes parallel to the angle of a magnetic field or have the minimum included angle, so that the maximum critical current of the high-temperature superconducting strip can be fully utilized.
2. The round metal cladding design of the strand ensures that the strand has enough mechanical strength and keeps uniform stress when the strands are transposed in a common vertical plane.
3. The alternating current loss of the cable under the unstable state working condition can be effectively reduced by winding transposition, the hysteresis loss can be further reduced by the fact that the magnetic field is parallel to the plane of the high-temperature superconducting strip in the cable, and the refrigeration power and the quench risk required by the cable can be reduced under the action of the two effects.
4. The number of the twisted strands can be unlimited due to the mode of alternately winding the plurality of layers, the number of the strands and the number of the wound layers can be determined according to specific current requirements, and the method has great use flexibility.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a co-vertical transposing HTC superconducting cable;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a strand;
FIG. 3a is an oblique view of a single strip wrap;
FIG. 3b is a schematic projection of the tape in the YZ plane;
FIG. 3c is a schematic view of a projection of the strip in the XZ plane;
FIG. 3d is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a co-vertical transpose HTC superconducting cable;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a co-vertical transposing HTC superconducting cable;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a co-vertical transposing HTC superconducting cable;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of strand winding using a co-vertical winding index;
in the figure: 1. a conductor skeleton; 2. stacking conductors; 3. a strip face; 4. a strand; 5. a metal sheath.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The common vertical plane of the transposition high-temperature superconducting cable designed by the invention means that the inner high-temperature superconducting strip surface has the same or similar vertical plane under the straight state of the cable; transposition means that there is an interpositioning between the strands of the cable, so that the strands have a reproducibility in spatial position. The cable is suitable for magnets with strong magnetic fields and power cable equipment, such as fusion reactor high-temperature superconducting magnets, accelerator magnets, detector magnets, ore dressing magnets, motors, transformers and the like.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the co-vertical transposing high temperature superconducting cable includes a conductor former 1 and a metal sheath 5.
The conductor framework 1 is tightly wound with the strands 4 and is completely covered by the outer metal sheath 5.
The folded yarn 4 is tightly wound on the surface of the conductor framework 1 at a certain angle.
The strands 4 are composed of a hollow cylindrical cladding material and an inner stacked conductor 2.
The stacked conductor 2 is a multilayer structure formed by stacking a plurality of strip conductors (tapes), and has a square-shaped cross section. The plane of each layer is the tape side 3. All the strip conductors (ribbons) are always perpendicular to the same plane, i.e. perpendicular to the ribbon plane 3. The belt surfaces 3 have the same vertical surfaces (coplanar surfaces) in the belt material longitudinal direction.
As shown in fig. 3d, all the strands 4 are spirally wound at a certain angle around the outer part of the conductor framework 1, while the tape surfaces 3 of the tapes of all the strands 4 are all parallel, i.e. tightly wound at a certain angle around the surface of the conductor framework 1 under the condition that all the tape surfaces at the inner part are always perpendicular to the vertical surface of the tape surface 3;
it is essential that all the strip faces 3 are parallel in cross section, but the strip faces 3 are curved when wound in the strip length direction, and parallel faces cannot be defined, but the curved faces have a common vertical plane, i.e., the YZ plane in fig. 3a, and are therefore defined as co-vertical plane conductors.
Fig. 3a, 3b and 3c illustrate the coplanar definition of the plane 3 of the strip, with fig. 3a being an oblique view of a single strip being wound with the plane of the strip always perpendicular to the YZ plane, the projection of the strip onto the YZ plane being a thin line (shown in fig. 3 b) and the projection of the strip onto the XZ plane being the plane of the strip (shown in fig. 3 c).
The metal sheath 5 is of a hollow structure, completely covers the strand 4 and the framework 1 inside, and simultaneously plays a role in supporting and protecting the strand 4; a cooling medium channel is arranged in the inner gap of the metal sheath 5, and the cooling medium is used for keeping the high-temperature superconducting conductor 1 at a constant temperature; the cooling medium is liquid nitrogen, liquid helium or low-temperature helium (the temperature is 4.2-77K).
In this embodiment, the strands 4 are formed of a hollow cylindrical shape, and the conductive skeleton 1 is formed of a cylindrical shape. The metal sheath 5 is hollow cylindrical and has a double-layer structure, and a cooling medium channel is arranged in the middle gap.
Example 2
Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 4 and 5. The cross section of the conductor framework 1 is oblong, namely the main body is rectangular, two ends of the conductor framework are semi-circles, the folded yarn 4 is tightly wound on the surface of the conductor framework 1 at the same angle, and the cross section of one winding circle is shown in the figure. The outer metal sheath 5 compresses the strands 4 and is also hollow with a rectangular outer surface.
The strip faces 3 of the strips of all strands 4 are all parallel and parallel to the axial direction of the conductor skeleton 1.
As shown in fig. 6, the strand 4 is wound using a homeotropic winding transposition method: the arc center line of the conductor framework 1 is taken as the winding central axis of the strand 4, the strip surfaces 3 in all the strand 4 are parallel, and in order to ensure that all the strip surfaces are always vertical to the vertical surface of the initial strip surface 3 during winding, the strand 4 rotates around the Xc axis (central axis) of the framework 1 by an angle theta (the included angle between the winding axis and the winding direction), and simultaneously reversely rotates around the fixed axis Xs of the wire coil 6 by an angle theta.
After winding, the strip planes 3 of all the strands 4 are parallel, namely always perpendicular to the vertical plane of the initial plane, and a certain position of the side surface of each strand 4 is periodically contacted and separated with the conductor framework 1 and is periodically in a compressed or stretched state.
Taking a rectangular common vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable containing 20 strands as an example, circular strands of the cable are formed by stacking and packaging high-temperature superconducting tapes with the width of 3mm and the thickness of 0.1mm, the tapes have typical critical current values of 130A and 900A of a vertical field and a horizontal field under a background magnetic field of 4.2K and 20T, when the common vertical plane of the common vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable is perpendicular to an external magnetic field, the critical current of the cable reaches 540kA, and the common transposition cable can only utilize the lowest vertical field current, namely 78 kA. In the actual process of winding the cable, all the strips are difficult to ensure to be completely vertical to the same plane, a certain angle deviation is allowed, the angle between the strip surface of the high-temperature superconducting strip and the common vertical surface is controlled within 80-90 degrees, and the critical current of the common vertical surface transposition high-temperature superconducting cable can be still improved by more than one time compared with that of a common transposition cable.
The strand 4 is made of metal material, typically tin, lead, tin-lead alloy, gold, aluminum, copper or alloy of 2 components thereof.
The metal sheath 5 is used for supporting and protecting the high-temperature superconducting strand from being damaged by huge electromagnetic force or mechanical stress, according to the structure of the strand after winding, the inner contour of the section of the metal sheath 5 is circular or track-shaped, the outer contour of the section of the metal sheath is circular, track-shaped or chamfer-rectangular, and the material of the metal sheath can be stainless steel, copper, aluminum, copper alloy or aluminum alloy.
The stacked conductor 2 is stacked in a rectangular or nearly rectangular cross section from a plurality of strips of one or more gauges. The specification of the strip is 1-5mm in width and 0.05-0.2mm in thickness.
The multilayer strand 4 can be wound around the conductor framework 1, when the multilayer strand is wound, the single layer and the even layer of the strand 4 are wound alternately clockwise and anticlockwise respectively, the winding angle is determined according to the framework size, the strand diameter and the winding intercept of the high-temperature superconducting cable with the transposition of the common vertical plane, and after the winding is finished, the planes of the high-temperature superconducting tapes in the single-layer or multilayer wound high-temperature superconducting strands are kept parallel in any section of the cable.

Claims (13)

1. A high temperature superconducting cable with transposition in the same vertical plane comprises a conductor framework (1), a metal sheath (5) and a strand (4) between the conductor framework and the metal sheath, and is characterized in that: the folded yarn (4) is tightly wound on the surface of the conductor framework (1), and the metal sheath (5) completely covers all the folded yarn (4); the folded yarn (4) consists of a cladding material and an internal stacked conductor (2), the stacked conductor (2) is a multilayer structure formed by stacking ribbon conductors, the cross section of the stacked conductor is square, and the plane of each layer is a ribbon surface (3); all the strands (4) are spirally wound on the surface of the conductor framework (1) at a certain angle, and the strip surfaces (3) of all the strands (4) are all parallel.
2. A coterpendicular transposing hts cable as claimed in claim 1, characterized by: the metal sheath (5) is cylindrical or cylindrical with an oblong cross section, the side wall is of a double-layer hollow structure, and cooling media are filled in the inner gap.
3. A coterpendicular transposing hts cable as claimed in claim 2, characterized by: the conductor framework (1) is cylindrical or cylindrical with an oblong cross section.
4. A coterpendicular transposing hts cable as claimed in claim 2, characterized by: the cooling medium is liquid nitrogen, liquid helium or low-temperature helium.
5. A coterpendicular transposing hts cable as claimed in claim 2, characterized by: the strip conductors of the stacked conductors (2) are stacked to form a multilayer structure, and the number of layers is 20-30.
6. A coterpendicular transposing hts cable as claimed in claim 2, characterized by: the conductor framework (1) is externally wound with a plurality of layers of folded yarns (4), and the single layers and the even layers of folded yarns (4) are alternately arranged clockwise and anticlockwise respectively.
7. A coterpendicular transposing hts cable as claimed in claim 6, characterized by: the folded yarn (4) is divided into 2-4 layers and wound outside the conductor framework 1.
8. A coterpendicular transposing hts cable as claimed in claim 1, characterized by: all the strands (4) are spirally wound on the surface of the conductor framework (1) at a certain angle, and the angle is 5-30 degrees.
9. A coterpendicular transposing hts cable as claimed in claim 1, characterized by: the folded yarn (4) is made of metal materials in a packaging mode, and the materials are tin, lead, tin-lead alloy, gold, aluminum, copper or alloys of 2 components of the tin, lead, tin-lead alloy, gold, aluminum and copper.
10. A coterpendicular transposing hts cable as claimed in claim 1, characterized by: the metal sheath (5) is made of stainless steel, copper, aluminum, copper alloy or aluminum alloy.
11. A method for winding and transposition by adopting a common vertical plane is characterized by comprising the following steps: tightly winding the folded yarns (4) on the outer surface of the conductor framework (1), taking the arc center line of the conductor framework (1) as the winding central axis of the folded yarns (4), and enabling the strip surfaces (3) in all the folded yarns (4) to be parallel and parallel to the axial direction of the conductor framework (1); all the folded yarns (4) are wound around the central shaft of the framework (1) at the same angle theta in a rotating mode at an alpha angular speed; meanwhile, the strand (4) also rotates around the fixed shaft Xs of a coil (6) emitted by the strand (4) in the opposite direction at an angular speed alpha, and a certain position of the side surface of the strand (4) is periodically contacted and separated with the conductor framework (1) and is periodically in a compression or tension state.
12. A method of indexing using homeotropic winding as in claim 11 wherein: a plurality of layers of folded yarns (4) can be wound around the conductor framework (1), and when the plurality of layers of folded yarns are wound, the single layers and the even layers of folded yarns (4) are alternately wound clockwise and anticlockwise respectively.
13. A method of indexing using homeotropic winding as in claim 11 wherein: theta is 5-30 DEG, and alpha angular velocity is 20-200 DEG/s.
CN202010960864.3A 2020-09-14 2020-09-14 Common vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable and winding transposition method Pending CN112562913A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113488284A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-10-08 国网上海市电力公司 Superconducting cable comprising optical cable and consisting of square thin wires
CN113571253A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-10-29 北京智诺嘉能源科技有限公司 Multi-slot superconducting cable with improved CORC round core conductor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1338339A (en) * 1971-02-26 1973-11-21 Commissariat Energie Atomique Superconducting cable
US6215072B1 (en) * 1993-10-21 2001-04-10 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method of preparing an oxide superconducting conductor
US6284979B1 (en) * 1996-11-07 2001-09-04 American Superconductor Corporation Low resistance cabled conductors comprising superconducting ceramics
US20120055172A1 (en) * 2010-09-02 2012-03-08 Rainer Soika Arrangement with at least one superconductive cable
CN107564623A (en) * 2017-07-27 2018-01-09 华北电力大学 A kind of Cable-in-conduit conductor based on ReBCO isotropism Superconducting Strands
CN110246625A (en) * 2019-07-15 2019-09-17 华北电力大学 A kind of high-temperature superconductor rutherford cable
CN110808122A (en) * 2019-10-14 2020-02-18 华北电力大学 CICC conductor based on critical current quasi-isotropy high-engineering current density high-temperature superconducting strand
CN213752114U (en) * 2020-09-14 2021-07-20 核工业西南物理研究院 Common vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1338339A (en) * 1971-02-26 1973-11-21 Commissariat Energie Atomique Superconducting cable
US6215072B1 (en) * 1993-10-21 2001-04-10 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method of preparing an oxide superconducting conductor
US6284979B1 (en) * 1996-11-07 2001-09-04 American Superconductor Corporation Low resistance cabled conductors comprising superconducting ceramics
US20120055172A1 (en) * 2010-09-02 2012-03-08 Rainer Soika Arrangement with at least one superconductive cable
CN107564623A (en) * 2017-07-27 2018-01-09 华北电力大学 A kind of Cable-in-conduit conductor based on ReBCO isotropism Superconducting Strands
CN110246625A (en) * 2019-07-15 2019-09-17 华北电力大学 A kind of high-temperature superconductor rutherford cable
CN110808122A (en) * 2019-10-14 2020-02-18 华北电力大学 CICC conductor based on critical current quasi-isotropy high-engineering current density high-temperature superconducting strand
CN213752114U (en) * 2020-09-14 2021-07-20 核工业西南物理研究院 Common vertical plane transposition high-temperature superconducting cable

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113488284A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-10-08 国网上海市电力公司 Superconducting cable comprising optical cable and consisting of square thin wires
CN113571253A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-10-29 北京智诺嘉能源科技有限公司 Multi-slot superconducting cable with improved CORC round core conductor
CN113571253B (en) * 2021-08-25 2022-11-04 北京智诺嘉能源科技有限公司 Multi-slot superconducting cable with improved CORC round core conductor

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