JP3853515B2 - Field winding of high temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine - Google Patents

Field winding of high temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine Download PDF

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JP3853515B2
JP3853515B2 JP12495498A JP12495498A JP3853515B2 JP 3853515 B2 JP3853515 B2 JP 3853515B2 JP 12495498 A JP12495498 A JP 12495498A JP 12495498 A JP12495498 A JP 12495498A JP 3853515 B2 JP3853515 B2 JP 3853515B2
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temperature superconducting
field winding
electrical machine
rotating electrical
pancake
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JPH11318071A (en
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野 精之助 宇
森 康 夫 金
田 正 人 山
西 一 夫 中
村 英 之 中
村 英 博 長
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Toshiba Corp
Kansai Electric Power Co Inc
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Kansai Electric Power Co Inc
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高温超電導導体を適用した高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の超電導回転電機の界磁巻線は、金属系超電導導体からなる素線またはより線をソレノイドコイルとして巻線したものを回転子内に装着し固定している。金属系超電導導体はその臨界電流の磁界依存性にほとんど異方性がなく、導体に流す電流と直交する磁界成分の絶対値に逆比例の関係で臨界電流が小さくなるので、超電導導体の巻き方は、磁界の方向に関係なく、平巻き（フラットワイズ）でも平打巻き（エッジワイズ）でも可能である。従来のより線の金属系超電導導体を平打巻きのソレノイドコイルとして構成された、超電導回転電機の界磁巻線の横断面図を図６に示す。
【０００３】
図６において、回転子４に巻装されている界磁巻線１は、より線として構成された多数の金属系超電導導体１８からなっている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
２７Ｋあるいは７７Ｋという絶対温度の下で使用できる高温超電導導体を適用した高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線は既に知られているところである。以下に、そのような高温超電導導体を超電導回転電機の界磁巻線に適用する際の技術的課題について検討する。
【０００５】
高温超電導導体はペロブスカイト結晶構造を有し、その臨界電流密度特性は結晶の配向性を高めることにより向上する。結晶の配向性を高めるには、圧延処理などにより一方向に圧縮する必要がある。そのため、工業的に量産できるような高温超電導導体は、磁気テープのような厚さが１ｍｍ以下のテープに限られているのが現状である。また、高温超電導テープの場合、ａｂ軸はテープ平面と平行な方向に、ｃ軸はテープ平面と垂直な方向に生じる。Bi2223系超電導導体では、７７Ｋという温度においてａｂ軸方向とｃ軸方向とでは図７に示すように臨界電流密度特性７１，７２が大きく異なり、たとえば０．１Ｔの磁界下では、ｃ軸方向の磁界に対する臨界電流密度はａｂ軸方向の磁界に対する臨界電流密度の半分以下となる。
【０００６】
次に、従来の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線内部の回転子軸中央部断面で見た磁界Ｈの分布を図８に示す。図６に示すように、コイル横断面をＸ−Ｙ座標平面で見たコイル各部の位置を、Ｘ軸方向にＸ１〜Ｘ２と定義し、Ｙ軸方向にＹ１〜Ｙ２と定義する。図８において、図６で定義するＹ軸方向の磁界成分は界磁巻線１の座標（Ｘ１，Ｙ１）〜（Ｘｌ，Ｙ２）の線上が最大となる。また、Ｘ軸方向の磁界成分は界磁巻線１の（Ｘｌ，Ｙ１）〜（Ｘ２，Ｙ１）および（Ｘｌ，Ｙ２）〜（Ｘ２，Ｙ２）の線上が最大となる。各々の磁界成分の最大値を比較すると、Ｙ軸方向の磁界成分はＸ軸方向の磁界成分より大きく、両者の比は１．４〜ｌ．７程度である。
【０００７】
以上のことから、従来行われているように、磁界の方向に無関係に、界磁巻線１のＹ軸と高温超電導テープのｃ軸とが一致するような界磁巻線１を作ると、界磁巻線１内部の各位置における高温超電導テープの臨界電流密度の最大値と最小値の比率がほぼ４倍近くにまで拡大することになる。界磁巻線１は直列に接続された１本の高温超電導テープから構成されており、そのテープの最小の臨界電流密度で通電性能が決定されるから、界磁巻線１の電流密度は界磁巻線１の中の最小の臨界電流密度に制約され、大幅に低下してしまう。
【０００８】
そこで本発明は、電流密度を大きく制約するｃ軸方向の磁界成分の影響を受けにくく、ｃ軸方向の磁界成分により局部的に臨界電流密度が低下しても平均電流密度を低下させずにすむ高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線を提供することを目的とする。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本願では次の発明を提供する。
請求項１記載の発明では、高温超電導テープを平巻きしたパンケーキ型コイルを回転子の径方向に複数個積層して構成した高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、
界磁巻線の横断面を回転子の径方向に内径部、中間部、および外径部に分けたとき、
前記内径部および外径部を構成するパンケーキ型コイルには、高温超電導材のｃ軸方向の磁界に対する臨界電流密度の高い高温超電導テープが巻線され、
中間部を構成するパンケーキ型コイルには、高温超電導材のａｂ軸方向の磁界に対する臨界電流密度の高い高温超電導テープが巻線されている
ことを特徴とする。
【００１０】
このように構成すると、高温超電導テープのａｂ軸は界磁巻線のＹ軸方向と一致する。界磁巻線で最大磁界の成分はＹ軸方向であり、それと一致するａｂ軸方向の磁界に対する高温超電導テープの臨界電流密度は大きい。一方、Ｘ軸方向は高温超電導テープのｃ軸と一致するが、その磁界成分はＹ軸方向の６〜７割であるから、ｃ軸方向の磁界成分による臨界電流密度の低下を少なくすることができる。
【００１１】
そして、界磁巻線の中でＹ軸方向とＸ軸方向の磁界成分が同位置で最大値をとることはなく、何れか一方の磁界成分が臨界電流密度を低下させる要因となるので、ａｂ軸方向の磁界成分が大きく、ｃ軸方向の磁界成分が小さい位置には、ａｂ軸方向の磁界に対する臨界電流密度が高い高温超電導テープが巻線され、ｃ軸方向の磁界成分が大きく、ａｂ軸方向の磁界成分が小さい位置には、ｃ軸方向の磁界に対するテープの臨界電流密度が高い高温超電導テープが巻線される。したがって、ｃ軸方向の磁界に対するテープの臨界電流密度を向上させることができる。
【００１２】
請求項２に係る高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線は、請求項１に記載の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、パンケーキ型コイルが、任意枚数重ね巻きされた高温超電導テープからなり、かつパンケーキ型コイルごとに異なる枚数の高温超電導テープが重ね巻きされていることを特徴とするものである。重ね巻きした高温超電導テープは両端で並列に接続する。従来は複数のパンケーキ型コイルの中でも臨界電流密度の小さいパンケーキ型コイルで界磁巻線全体の臨界電流密度が制約されていたが、本発明に従って構成すると、臨界電流密度の小さいパンケーキ型コイルの高温超電導テープの重ね巻き枚数を増加し、それによってパンケーキ型コイルの臨界電流値は重ね巻き枚数倍に増加させることができる。したがって、界磁巻線全体の電流密度を向上させることができる。
請求項３に係る高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線は、請求項１または２に記載の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、パンケーキ型コイルの配置位置によって高温超電導テープの断面積が異なることを特徴とするものである。
請求項５に係る高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線は、請求項５に記載の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、高温超電導テープの厚さがどのパンケーキ型コイルにおいても同一であることを特徴とするものである。
【００１３】
請求項４または５のように構成することにより、臨界電流密度の小さいパンケーキ型コイルの高温超電導テープの断面積を増やすことができるので、各々のパンケーキ型コイルの臨界電流値を一致させることができる。それにより、界磁巻線全体の電流密度を向上させることができる。また、テープ厚さを同一にし、かつ巻回数を同一にすることにより、各パンケーキ型コイルの内外径寸法を一致させることができる。このパンケーキ型コイルを積層することにより、界磁巻線の外側面の凹凸を無くすことができるので、無駄な空間を削減でき、ひいては界磁巻線の電流密度を向上させることができる。
【００１４】
請求項６に係る高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線は、請求項１に記載の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、界磁巻線の断面を回転子の径方向に内径部、中間部、および外径部に分けたときの内径部および外径部であって、かつパンケーキ型コイルの径方向に内径部、中間部、および外径部に分けたときの中間部の空間には、高温超電導テープが配置されることなく絶縁物が充填されていることを特徴とするものである。
【００１５】
請求項７に係る高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線は、請求項１に記載の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、界磁巻線の断面を回転子の径方向に内径部、中間部、および外径部に分けたときの内径部および外径部であって、かつパンケーキ型コイルの径方向に内径部、中間部、および外径部に分けたときの中間部の空間には、高温超電導テープが配置されることなく、銅またはアルミニウムまたはそれらの合金からなる常電導金属からなる導体が配置されていることを特徴とするものである。
【００１６】
請求項６または７に記載の界磁巻線においては、Ｘ軸方向の磁界成分の最大値は界磁巻線の（（Ｘ１＋Ｘ２）／２，Ｙ１）および（（Ｘｌ＋Ｘ２）／２，Ｙ２）、すなわち回転子の径方向で内径部および外径部で、かつパンケーキ型コイルの径方向の中間部に発生し、この位置の臨界電流密度が最小値となる。したがって、この位置に高温超電導テープを巻線しなければ臨界電流密度の最小値は大きくなる。高温超電導テープの代わりに絶縁物を充填することにより、パンケーキ型コイルを所定形状に保つことができる。また、絶縁物の代わりに常電導金属からなる導体を巻線することにより、界磁巻線の電流密度を向上させることができる。
【００１７】
【発明の実施の形態】
（第１の実施の形態）
図１は、本発明の第１の実施の形態による界磁巻線１Ａを備えた高温超電導回転電機の回転子４の横断面図である。界磁巻線１Ａは、高温超電導テープ２を平巻きコイルとして巻線したパンケーキ型コイル３を回転子４の径方向５に３層に積層したものである。
このように構成することにより、高温超電導テープ２のａｂ軸６は界磁巻線１ＡのＹ軸方向７と一致する。界磁巻線１Ａで最大磁界の成分はＹ軸方向７であり、それと一致するａｂ軸６方向の磁界に対する高温超電導テープ２の臨界電流密度は大きい。
一方、Ｘ軸方向８は高温超電導テープ２のｃ軸９と一致するが、その磁界成分はＹ軸方向７の６０〜７０％であるから、その分、ｃ軸９方向の磁界成分による臨界電流密度の低下を少なくすることができる。
【００１８】
第１の実施の形態による高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線は、回転子４の径方向５に内径部１０、中間部１１、および外径部１２に分けたときの、内径部１０および外径部１２を構成するパンケーキ型コイル３にはｃ軸９方向の磁界に対するテープの臨界電流密度の高い高温超電導テープ１３を巻線し、中間部１１を構成するパンケーキ型コイル３にはａｂ軸６方向の磁界に対するテープの臨界電流密度の高い高温超電導テープ１４を巻線して構成する。
ｃ軸９方向の磁界に対するテープの臨界電流密度が高い高温超電導テープ１３としてはBi2223系超電導テープを、またａｂ軸６方向の磁界に対するテープの臨界電流密度が高い高温超電導テープ１４としてはBi2212系超電導テープをそれぞれ適用することができる。界磁巻線１Ａの中で、Ｙ軸方向７とＸ軸方向８の磁界成分が同位置で最大値をとることはなく、何れか一方の磁界成分が臨界電流密度を低下させる要因となる。
したがって、上記のように構成すると、ａｂ軸６方向の磁界成分が大きく、ｃ軸方向９の磁界成分が小さい位置には、ａｂ軸６方向の磁界に対する臨界電流密度の高い高温超電導テープ１４が巻線され、ｃ軸９方向の磁界成分が大きくａｂ軸方向６の磁界成分が小さい位置には、ｃ軸９方向の磁界に対するテープの臨界電流密度の高い高温超電導テープ１３が巻線される。したがって、ｃ軸９方向の磁界に対するテープの臨界電流密度をより向上させることができる。
【００１９】
（第２の実施の形態）
図２は、本発明の第２の実施の形態に係る界磁巻線１Ｂを備えた高温超電導回転電機の回転子を示すものである。この界磁巻線１Ｂにおいては、パンケーキ型コイル３に巻線する高温超電導テープ２は任意の枚数を重ね巻きし、かつパンケーキ型コイル３毎に異なる枚数を重ね巻きするように構成される。図２は、回転子４の径方向の内径部１０および回転子の径方向の外径部２の高温超電導テープ２は重ね巻き枚数を２とし、回転子４の径方向の中間部１１の高温超電導テープ２は重ね巻き枚数を１としたものである。重ね巻きした高温超電導テープ２は、両端で並列に接続される。
このように構成することにより、回転子４の径方向の内径部１０および外径部１２の通電電流は高温超電導テープ２枚の臨界電流まで増加することが可能となり、従来、この位置のｃ軸９方向の磁界に対するテープの臨界電流値で制限されていた界磁巻線１Ｂ全体の臨界電流値を最大その２倍まで増加することができる。その結果、大きな臨界電流密度を有する回転子４の径方向の中間部１１にはその最大能力まで通電することができ、したがって、界磁巻線１全体の電流密度を向上させることができる。
【００２０】
各パンケーキ型コイル３の高温超電導テープ２の重ね巻き枚数は、この第２の実施の形態のほかに、任意の枚数から選ぶことができ、それにより、界磁巻線１Ｂ全体の電流密度をさらに向上させることができる。
【００２１】
（第３の実施の形態）
図３は、本発明の第３の実施の形態に係る界磁巻線１Ｃを備えた高温超電導回転電機の横断面図である。この界磁巻線１Ｃは、回転子径方向の中間部１１のパンケーキ型コイル３に巻く高温超電導テープ２に対し、回転子径方向の内径部１０および外径部１２のパンケーキ型コイル３に巻く高温超電導テープ２の断面積が中間部１１のそれよりも大きくなるように構成されている。また、断面積が異なる高温超電導テープ２のテープ厚さは、すべてのパンケーキ型コイル３で同一とする。
このように構成することにより、臨界電流密度の小さい回転子径方向の内径部１０および外径部１２のパンケーキ型コイル３の高温超電導テープ２の断面積を増やすことができるので、各パンケーキ型コイル３の臨界電流値を一致させることができる。それにより、界磁巻線１Ｃ全体の電流密度の向上を達成することができる。また、テープ厚さを同一にし、かつ巻回数を同一にすることにより、各パンケーキ型コイル３の内外径寸法を一致させることができる。このようなパンケーキ型コイル３を積層することにより、界磁巻線１Ｃの外側面１５の凹凸を無くすことができるので、無効空間を低減することができ、延いては界磁巻線１Ｃの電流密度の向上を達成することができる。
【００２２】
（第４の実施の形態）
図４および図５は、本発明の第４の実施の形態に係る界磁巻線１Ｄおよび１Ｅを備えた高温超電導回転電機の回転子の横断面図を示すものである。図４の実施の形態においては、界磁巻線１Ｄの断面を回転子４の径方向５に見て内径部１０、中間部１１、および外径部１２に分けたときの内径部１０および外径部１２であって、かつパンケーキ型コイル３の径方向に内径部１５、中間部１６および外径部１７に分けたときの中間部１６の空間には、高温超電導テープ２を巻線しないものとする。
このパンケーキ型コイル３の径方向の中間部１６には、絶縁物１９を充填するか、あるいは図５に示すように、銅またはアルミニウムまたはそれらの合金で構成される常電導金属からなる導体２０を巻装し、その両端を高温超電導テープ２と接続することにより、パンケーキ型コイル３を構成する。Ｘ軸方向の磁界成分の最大値は、界磁巻線１Ｄ，１Ｅの（（Ｘ１＋Ｘ２）／２，Ｙ１）および（（Ｘ１＋Ｘ２）／２，Ｙ２）、すなわち回転子４の径方向５で内径部１０および外径部１２で、かつパンケーキ型コイル３の径方向の中間部１６に発生し、この位置の臨界電流密度が最小値となる。
したがって、この位置に高温超電導テープ２を配置しないことにより、臨界電流密度の最小値を大きくすることができる。高温超電導テープ２の代わりに絶縁物１９を充填する（図４）ことにより、パンケーキ型コイル３を所定形状に保つことができる。さらにまた、絶縁物１９の代わりに常電導金属からなる導体２０を巻装することにより、界磁巻線１Ｅの電流密度を向上させることができる。
【００２３】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、界磁巻線内部の位置による高温超電導テープに加わるｃ軸方向の磁界の差異による高温超電導テープの臨界電流の変動を抑制し、臨界電流の向上を達成することができる。この結果、界磁巻線全体の運転電流密度の向上を達成することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明の第１の実施の形態による高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線の横断面図。
【図２】 本発明の第２の実施の形態による高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線の横断面図。
【図３】 本発明の第３の実施の形態による高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線の横断面図。
【図４】 本発明の第４の実施の形態による高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線の横断面図。
【図５】 本発明の第５の実施の形態による高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線の横断面図。
【図６】 従来の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線の斜視図およびその要部の拡大横断面図。
【図７】 超電導導体の臨界電流密度の磁界依存性を表す線図。
【図８】 従来の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線内部の回転子軸中央部断面の磁界分布を説明するための図。
【符号の説明】
１ 界磁巻線
１Ａ 第１の実施の形態による界磁巻線
１Ｂ 第２の実施の形態による界磁巻線
１Ｃ 第３の実施の形態による界磁巻線
１Ｄ 第４の実施の形態による界磁巻線
１Ｅ 第５の実施の形態による界磁巻線
２ 高温超電導テープ
３ パンケーキ型コイル
４ 回転子
６ ａｂ軸
７ Ｙ軸方向
８ Ｘ軸方向
９ ｃ軸[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a field winding of a high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine to which a high-temperature superconducting conductor is applied.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A field winding of a conventional superconducting rotating electric machine is mounted and fixed in a rotor by winding a strand made of a metallic superconducting conductor or a stranded wire as a solenoid coil. Metal superconducting conductors have almost no anisotropy in the magnetic field dependence of the critical current, and the critical current decreases in inverse proportion to the absolute value of the magnetic field component orthogonal to the current flowing through the conductor. Regardless of the direction of the magnetic field, flat winding (flatwise) or flat winding (edgewise) is possible. FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a field winding of a superconducting rotating electric machine in which a conventional stranded metal superconducting conductor is configured as a flat wound solenoid coil.
[0003]
In FIG. 6, the field winding 1 wound around the rotor 4 is composed of a number of metallic superconducting conductors 18 configured as stranded wires.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A field winding of a high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine to which a high-temperature superconducting conductor that can be used at an absolute temperature of 27K or 77K is applied is already known. In the following, a technical problem when applying such a high-temperature superconducting conductor to a field winding of a superconducting rotating electrical machine will be examined.
[0005]
The high-temperature superconducting conductor has a perovskite crystal structure, and its critical current density characteristics are improved by increasing the crystal orientation. In order to improve the crystal orientation, it is necessary to compress in one direction by a rolling process or the like. Therefore, the high temperature superconducting conductor that can be industrially mass-produced is currently limited to a tape having a thickness of 1 mm or less such as a magnetic tape. In the case of a high temperature superconducting tape, the ab axis is generated in a direction parallel to the tape plane, and the c axis is generated in a direction perpendicular to the tape plane. In the Bi2223 superconductor, the critical current density characteristics 71 and 72 are greatly different between the ab axis direction and the c axis direction at a temperature of 77 K, as shown in FIG. 7, for example, under a magnetic field of 0.1 T, the magnetic field in the c axis direction. The critical current density for is less than half of the critical current density for the magnetic field in the ab axis direction.
[0006]
Next, FIG. 8 shows the distribution of the magnetic field H as seen in the cross section of the central portion of the rotor shaft inside the field winding of the conventional high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine. As shown in FIG. 6, the position of each part of the coil when the coil cross section is viewed on the XY coordinate plane is defined as X1-X2 in the X-axis direction and defined as Y1-Y2 in the Y-axis direction. In FIG. 8, the magnetic field component in the Y-axis direction defined in FIG. 6 is maximized on the line of the coordinates (X1, Y1) to (X1, Y2) of the field winding 1. Further, the magnetic field component in the X-axis direction is maximized on the lines (Xl, Y1) to (X2, Y1) and (Xl, Y2) to (X2, Y2) of the field winding 1. Comparing the maximum values of the respective magnetic field components, the magnetic field component in the Y-axis direction is larger than the magnetic field component in the X-axis direction, and the ratio of both is 1.4 to l. It is about 7.
[0007]
From the above, when the field winding 1 is made so that the Y axis of the field winding 1 and the c axis of the high-temperature superconducting tape coincide with each other regardless of the direction of the magnetic field, as conventionally performed, The ratio between the maximum value and the minimum value of the critical current density of the high-temperature superconducting tape at each position inside the field winding 1 is increased to almost four times. The field winding 1 is composed of a single high-temperature superconducting tape connected in series. The current density of the field winding 1 is determined by the minimum critical current density of the tape. It is constrained by the minimum critical current density in the magnetic winding 1 and greatly decreases.
[0008]
Therefore, the present invention is not easily affected by the magnetic field component in the c-axis direction that greatly restricts the current density, and even if the critical current density is locally decreased by the magnetic field component in the c-axis direction, the average current density is not reduced. An object is to provide a field winding of a high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following invention.
In the invention according to claim 1, in the field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine constituted by laminating a plurality of pancake-type coils obtained by flat winding the high-temperature superconducting tape in the radial direction of the rotor,
When the cross section of the field winding is divided into an inner diameter part, an intermediate part, and an outer diameter part in the radial direction of the rotor,
A high-temperature superconducting tape having a high critical current density with respect to the magnetic field in the c-axis direction of the high-temperature superconducting material is wound around the pancake-type coil constituting the inner diameter part and the outer diameter part,
A high temperature superconducting tape having a high critical current density with respect to the magnetic field in the ab axis direction of the high temperature superconducting material is wound around the pancake type coil constituting the intermediate portion.
[0010]
With this configuration, the ab axis of the high-temperature superconducting tape coincides with the Y-axis direction of the field winding. In the field winding, the component of the maximum magnetic field is in the Y-axis direction, and the critical current density of the high-temperature superconducting tape with respect to the magnetic field in the ab-axis direction that coincides with it is large. On the other hand, the X-axis direction coincides with the c-axis of the high-temperature superconducting tape, but its magnetic field component is 60 to 70% of the Y-axis direction, so that the decrease in critical current density due to the magnetic field component in the c-axis direction can be reduced. it can.
[0011]
In the field winding, the magnetic field components in the Y-axis direction and the X-axis direction do not take the maximum value at the same position, and either one of the magnetic field components causes a decrease in the critical current density. A high temperature superconducting tape having a high critical current density with respect to the magnetic field in the ab axis direction is wound at a position where the magnetic field component in the axial direction is large and the magnetic field component in the c axis direction is small, and the magnetic field component in the c axis direction is large. A high temperature superconducting tape having a high critical current density of the tape with respect to the magnetic field in the c-axis direction is wound at a position where the magnetic field component in the direction is small. Therefore, the critical current density of the tape with respect to the magnetic field in the c-axis direction can be improved.
[0012]
The field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 2 is a field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the pancake-type coil is made of a high-temperature superconducting tape in which an arbitrary number of layers are wound. In addition, a different number of high temperature superconducting tapes are wound on each pancake type coil. Stacked high-temperature superconducting tapes are connected in parallel at both ends. Conventionally, the critical current density of the entire field winding is restricted by a pancake type coil having a small critical current density among a plurality of pancake type coils, but when configured according to the present invention, a pancake type having a small critical current density is provided. The number of lap windings of the high-temperature superconducting tape of the coil can be increased, whereby the critical current value of the pancake coil can be increased by a factor of the number of lap windings. Therefore, the current density of the entire field winding can be improved.
The field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 3 is the field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cross-sectional area of the high-temperature superconducting tape depends on the arrangement position of the pancake type coil. It is characterized by being different.
The field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 5 is the field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 5, wherein the thickness of the high-temperature superconducting tape is the same in any pancake type coil. It is characterized by this.
[0013]
Since the cross-sectional area of the high-temperature superconducting tape of the pancake type coil having a small critical current density can be increased by configuring as in claim 4 or 5, the critical current values of the respective pancake type coils should be matched. Can do. Thereby, the current density of the entire field winding can be improved. Further, by making the tape thickness the same and making the number of windings the same, the inner and outer diameters of the pancake coils can be matched. By laminating this pancake type coil, the irregularities on the outer surface of the field winding can be eliminated, so that a useless space can be reduced and the current density of the field winding can be improved.
[0014]
The field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 6 is the field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the field winding has a cross section of the field winding in the radial direction of the rotor and an intermediate portion. The inner diameter portion and the outer diameter portion when divided into the outer diameter portion and the inner portion space when divided into the inner diameter portion, the intermediate portion, and the outer diameter portion in the radial direction of the pancake coil Is characterized in that it is filled with an insulator without disposing a high-temperature superconducting tape.
[0015]
The field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 7 is the field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the field winding has a cross section of the field winding in the radial direction of the rotor and an intermediate portion. The inner diameter portion and the outer diameter portion when divided into the outer diameter portion and the inner portion space when divided into the inner diameter portion, the intermediate portion, and the outer diameter portion in the radial direction of the pancake coil Is characterized in that a conductor made of a normal conducting metal made of copper, aluminum or an alloy thereof is placed without placing a high temperature superconducting tape.
[0016]
In the field winding according to claim 6 or 7, the maximum value of the magnetic field component in the X-axis direction is ((X1 + X2) / 2, Y1) and ((Xl + X2) / 2, Y2) of the field winding. That is, it occurs at the inner diameter portion and the outer diameter portion in the radial direction of the rotor and at the intermediate portion in the radial direction of the pancake coil, and the critical current density at this position becomes the minimum value. Therefore, the minimum critical current density becomes large unless the high temperature superconducting tape is wound at this position. By filling the insulator instead of the high temperature superconducting tape, the pancake coil can be kept in a predetermined shape. Moreover, the current density of the field winding can be improved by winding a conductor made of a normal conducting metal instead of the insulator.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor 4 of a high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine equipped with a field winding 1A according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The field winding 1 </ b> A is obtained by laminating a pancake type coil 3 wound with a high-temperature superconducting tape 2 as a flat coil in three layers in the radial direction 5 of the rotor 4.
With this configuration, the ab axis 6 of the high-temperature superconducting tape 2 coincides with the Y-axis direction 7 of the field winding 1A. The maximum magnetic field component in the field winding 1A is 7 in the Y-axis direction, and the critical current density of the high-temperature superconducting tape 2 is large with respect to the magnetic field in the ab-axis 6 direction that coincides therewith.
On the other hand, the X-axis direction 8 coincides with the c-axis 9 of the high-temperature superconducting tape 2, but the magnetic field component is 60 to 70% of the Y-axis direction 7. The decrease in density can be reduced.
[0018]
The field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment is divided into an inner diameter portion 10, an outer diameter portion 12, and an inner diameter portion 10 and an outer diameter portion 12 in the radial direction 5 of the rotor 4. A high-temperature superconducting tape 13 having a high critical current density of the tape with respect to the magnetic field in the c-axis 9 direction is wound around the pancake coil 3 constituting the diameter portion 12, and ab is placed on the pancake coil 3 constituting the intermediate portion 11. The high-temperature superconducting tape 14 having a high critical current density of the tape with respect to the magnetic field in the direction of the axis 6 is wound and configured.
Bi2223-based superconducting tape is used as the high-temperature superconducting tape 13 having a high critical current density of the tape with respect to the magnetic field in the c-axis 9 direction, and Bi2212-based superconducting is used as the high-temperature superconducting tape 14 having a high critical current density of the tape with respect to the magnetic field in the ab-axis 6 direction. Each tape can be applied. In the field winding 1A, the magnetic field components in the Y-axis direction 7 and the X-axis direction 8 do not take the maximum value at the same position, and either one of the magnetic field components causes a decrease in the critical current density.
Therefore, with the above configuration, the high temperature superconducting tape 14 having a high critical current density with respect to the magnetic field in the ab axis 6 direction is wound at a position where the magnetic field component in the ab axis 6 direction is large and the magnetic field component in the c axis direction 9 is small. A high-temperature superconducting tape 13 having a high critical current density of the tape with respect to the magnetic field in the c-axis 9 direction is wound at a position where the magnetic field component in the c-axis 9 direction is large and the magnetic field component in the ab-axis direction 6 is small. Therefore, the critical current density of the tape with respect to the magnetic field in the c-axis 9 direction can be further improved.
[0019]
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 2 shows a rotor of a high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine provided with a field winding 1B according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In this field winding 1B, the high-temperature superconducting tape 2 wound around the pancake-type coil 3 is configured such that an arbitrary number of the high-temperature superconducting tapes 2 are overwrapped, and different numbers of the pancake-type coils 3 are overwrapped. . 2 shows that the high-temperature superconducting tape 2 of the inner diameter portion 10 in the radial direction of the rotor 4 and the outer diameter portion 2 in the radial direction of the rotor has two lap windings and the high temperature of the intermediate portion 11 in the radial direction of the rotor 4. The superconducting tape 2 is one in which the number of lap windings is one. The high-temperature superconducting tape 2 wound in layers is connected in parallel at both ends.
With this configuration, the energization currents of the inner diameter portion 10 and the outer diameter portion 12 in the radial direction of the rotor 4 can be increased up to the critical current of two high-temperature superconducting tapes. The critical current value of the entire field winding 1B, which is limited by the critical current value of the tape with respect to the magnetic field in nine directions, can be increased up to twice the maximum. As a result, the radial intermediate portion 11 of the rotor 4 having a large critical current density can be energized to its maximum capacity, and thus the current density of the entire field winding 1 can be improved.
[0020]
In addition to the second embodiment, the number of lap windings of the high-temperature superconducting tape 2 of each pancake coil 3 can be selected from any number, and thereby the current density of the entire field winding 1B can be selected. Further improvement can be achieved.
[0021]
(Third embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine provided with a field winding 1C according to the third embodiment of the present invention. This field winding 1 </ b> C has a pancake type coil 3 with an inner diameter portion 10 and an outer diameter portion 12 in the rotor radial direction with respect to the high-temperature superconducting tape 2 wound around the pancake type coil 3 in the intermediate portion 11 in the rotor radial direction. The cross-sectional area of the high-temperature superconducting tape 2 wound around is larger than that of the intermediate portion 11. The tape thicknesses of the high-temperature superconducting tapes 2 having different cross-sectional areas are the same for all pancake coils 3.
By configuring in this way, the cross-sectional area of the high-temperature superconducting tape 2 of the pancake type coil 3 of the inner diameter portion 10 and the outer diameter portion 12 in the rotor radial direction having a small critical current density can be increased. The critical current values of the mold coils 3 can be matched. Thereby, the improvement of the current density of the whole field winding 1C can be achieved. Further, by making the tape thickness the same and making the number of turns the same, the inner and outer diameters of the pancake coils 3 can be made to coincide. By laminating such pancake-type coils 3, the unevenness of the outer surface 15 of the field winding 1C can be eliminated, so that the ineffective space can be reduced, and consequently the field winding 1C can be reduced. An improvement in current density can be achieved.
[0022]
(Fourth embodiment)
4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of a rotor of a high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine provided with field windings 1D and 1E according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, when the cross section of the field winding 1 </ b> D is viewed in the radial direction 5 of the rotor 4, the inner diameter portion 10 and the outer diameter portion 12 are divided into an inner diameter portion 10, an intermediate portion 11, and an outer diameter portion 12. The high-temperature superconducting tape 2 is not wound in the space of the intermediate portion 16 that is the diameter portion 12 and divided into the inner diameter portion 15, the intermediate portion 16, and the outer diameter portion 17 in the radial direction of the pancake coil 3. Shall.
The intermediate portion 16 in the radial direction of the pancake coil 3 is filled with an insulator 19 or, as shown in FIG. 5, a conductor 20 made of a normal conducting metal made of copper, aluminum, or an alloy thereof. Is connected, and the both ends thereof are connected to the high-temperature superconducting tape 2 to form a pancake-type coil 3. The maximum value of the magnetic field component in the X-axis direction is ((X1 + X2) / 2, Y1) and ((X1 + X2) / 2, Y2) of the field windings 1D, 1E, that is, the inner diameter portion in the radial direction 5 of the rotor 4 10 and the outer diameter portion 12 and at the radial intermediate portion 16 of the pancake coil 3, the critical current density at this position becomes the minimum value.
Therefore, the minimum value of the critical current density can be increased by not arranging the high temperature superconducting tape 2 at this position. By filling the insulator 19 instead of the high temperature superconducting tape 2 (FIG. 4), the pancake coil 3 can be kept in a predetermined shape. Furthermore, the current density of the field winding 1E can be improved by winding the conductor 20 made of a normal conducting metal instead of the insulator 19.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the variation of the critical current of the high-temperature superconducting tape due to the difference in the magnetic field in the c-axis direction applied to the high-temperature superconducting tape depending on the position inside the field winding, thereby achieving an improvement in the critical current. As a result, an improvement in the operating current density of the entire field winding can be achieved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a field winding of a high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a field winding of a high temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a field winding of a high temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a field winding of a high temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a transverse sectional view of a field winding of a high temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a field winding of a conventional high-temperature superconducting rotating electric machine and an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part thereof.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the magnetic field dependence of the critical current density of a superconducting conductor.
FIG. 8 is a view for explaining the magnetic field distribution in the cross section of the central portion of the rotor shaft inside the field winding of the conventional high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Field winding 1A Field winding 1B by 1st Embodiment Field winding 1C by 2nd Embodiment Field winding 1D by 3rd Embodiment Field by 4th Embodiment Magnetic winding 1E Field winding 2 according to the fifth embodiment High temperature superconducting tape 3 Pancake type coil 4 Rotor 6 Ab axis 7 Y axis direction 8 X axis direction 9 c axis

Claims (7)

高温超電導テープを平巻きしたパンケーキ型コイルを回転子の径方向に複数個積層して構成した高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、
界磁巻線の横断面を回転子の径方向に内径部、中間部、および外径部に分けたとき、
前記内径部および前記外径部を構成するパンケーキ型コイルには、高温超電導材のｃ軸方向の磁界に対する臨界電流密度の高い高温超電導テープが巻線され、
前記中間部を構成するパンケーキ型コイルには、高温超電導材のａｂ軸方向の磁界に対する臨界電流密度の高い高温超電導テープが巻線されている
ことを特徴とする高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線。In the field winding of a high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine, which is formed by laminating a plurality of pancake-type coils with a flat roll of high-temperature superconducting tape in the radial direction of the rotor,
When the cross section of the field winding is divided into an inner diameter part, an intermediate part, and an outer diameter part in the radial direction of the rotor,
A high-temperature superconducting tape having a high critical current density with respect to the magnetic field in the c-axis direction of the high-temperature superconducting material is wound around the pancake-type coil constituting the inner diameter part and the outer diameter part,
A high temperature superconducting tape having a high critical current density with respect to the magnetic field in the ab axis direction of the high temperature superconducting material is wound around the pancake type coil constituting the intermediate portion. line. 請求項１に記載の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、
前記内径部および前記外径部を構成するパンケーキ型コイルはBi2223系高温超電導テープからなり、前記中間部を構成するパンケーキ型コイルはBi2212系高温超電導テープからなっていることを特徴とする高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線。In the field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The pancake type coil constituting the inner diameter part and the outer diameter part is made of Bi2223 series high temperature superconducting tape, and the pancake type coil constituting the intermediate part is made of Bi2212 series high temperature superconducting tape. Field winding of superconducting rotating electrical machine. 請求項１または２に記載の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、
前記パンケーキ型コイルが、任意枚数重ね巻きされた高温超電導テープからなり、かつ前記パンケーキ型コイルそれぞれに異なる枚数の高温超電導テープが重ね巻きされていることを特徴とする高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線。In the field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2,
A field of a high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine, wherein the pancake-type coil is made of a high-temperature superconducting tape wound in an arbitrary number of layers, and a different number of high-temperature superconducting tapes are wound around each of the pancake-type coils. Magnetic winding. 請求項１ないし３の何れかに記載の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、
前記パンケーキ型コイルの配置位置によって前記高温超電導テープの断面積が異なることを特徴とする高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線。In the field winding of the high temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A field winding of a high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine, wherein a cross-sectional area of the high-temperature superconducting tape varies depending on an arrangement position of the pancake-type coil. 請求項４に記載の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、
前記高温超電導テープの厚さが前記パンケーキ型コイルのどれにおいても同一であることを特徴とする高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線。In the field winding of the high temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 4,
A field winding for a high temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine, wherein the thickness of the high temperature superconducting tape is the same in any of the pancake type coils. 請求項１に記載の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、
前記界磁巻線の断面を前記回転子の径方向に内径部、中間部、および外径部に分けたときの内径部および外径部であって、かつ前記パンケーキ型コイルの径方向に内径部、中間部、および外径部に分けたときの中間部の空間には、前記高温超電導テープが配置されることなく絶縁物が充填されていることを特徴とする高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線。In the field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
An inner diameter portion and an outer diameter portion when a cross section of the field winding is divided into an inner diameter portion, an intermediate portion, and an outer diameter portion in the radial direction of the rotor, and in the radial direction of the pancake coil A space of the high temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine characterized in that the space of the intermediate portion when divided into the inner diameter portion, the intermediate portion, and the outer diameter portion is filled with an insulator without the high temperature superconducting tape being disposed. Magnetic winding. 請求項１に記載の高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線において、
前記界磁巻線の断面を前記回転子の径方向に内径部、中間部、および外径部に分けたときの内径部および外径部であって、かつ前記パンケーキ型コイルの径方向に内径部、中間部、および外径部に分けたときの中間部の空間には、前記高温超電導テープが配置されることなく、銅またはアルミニウムまたはそれらの合金からなる常電導金属からなる導体が配置されていることを特徴とする高温超電導回転電機の界磁巻線。In the field winding of the high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
An inner diameter portion and an outer diameter portion when a cross section of the field winding is divided into an inner diameter portion, an intermediate portion, and an outer diameter portion in the radial direction of the rotor, and in the radial direction of the pancake coil In the space of the intermediate portion when divided into the inner diameter portion, the intermediate portion, and the outer diameter portion, a conductor made of a normal conducting metal made of copper, aluminum, or an alloy thereof is arranged without the high-temperature superconducting tape being arranged. A field winding of a high-temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine, characterized in that
JP12495498A 1998-05-07 1998-05-07 Field winding of high temperature superconducting rotating electrical machine Expired - Fee Related JP3853515B2 (en)

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