CN112546155A - 含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN112546155A
CN112546155A CN202011266917.8A CN202011266917A CN112546155A CN 112546155 A CN112546155 A CN 112546155A CN 202011266917 A CN202011266917 A CN 202011266917A CN 112546155 A CN112546155 A CN 112546155A
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dendrobium officinale
prebiotics
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周兵
戚建华
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Zhejiang Tianfang Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提出一种含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果的制备工艺，包括如下操作：制备pH为8‑10的碱性鲜竹水；将铁皮石斛组合物预处理后在惰性气氛中浸泡于40‑50℃碱性鲜竹水中至少24h，过滤得到滤液和滤渣，铁皮石斛组合物为铁皮石斛、桔皮、胖大海、菊花、罗汉果、天然薄荷脑的组合物；酶解：灭菌发酵：发酵时先接入乳酸菌发酵剂发酵、再添加壳聚糖发酵，得到发酵原液；喷雾干燥：向发酵原液中添加保护剂并雾化干燥后得到酵素粉；压片。本发明制得的压片糖果含有益生元和益生菌，营养丰富、气味清新、口感清凉，具有显著的清热去火、清咽利喉、养胃生津等保健功效。

Description

含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及铁皮石斛加工技术领域，特别是一种含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果及其制备工艺。
背景技术
铁皮石斛是兰科石斛属植物中的名贵中药材，具有滋阴清热、益胃生津、调节免疫等功效，被誉为“中华九大仙草之首”。向铁皮石斛中添加一些其他中药成分并加工成糖果，使其具有解毒利咽、润肺止咳等效果，已经成为广为接受的食用方式。然而，现有的铁皮石斛与各种中药组份的营养成分仅存在物理上的加和，无法充分发挥协同作用，因此功效一般；另外，铁皮石斛多以茎段为原料，茎段中叶绿素含量高，再加上其他中药组份的味道各异，所制得的糖果带有青草味及不愉快的中药味，口感上不太被人们都接受。如何优化铁皮石斛的保健功效并改善口感，是含有铁皮石斛的压片糖果加工工艺中需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为解决以上现有技术的不足，本发明提出了一种含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果及其制备工艺。
一种含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果的制备工艺，包括如下操作步骤：
1)制备碱性鲜竹水：将竹龄至少1年的鲜竹切段后碾压得到鲜竹水，调节鲜竹水的pH为8-10备用；鲜竹水中含有多种氨基酸、葡萄糖、木糖、蛋白质、黄酮、维生素、酚酸类化合物、蒽醌类化合物及微量元素；铁皮石斛本身含有少量的有机酸，在发酵过程中还会产生一部分有机酸，碱性鲜竹水不仅可以中和上述有机酸，还可以促进滤渣中氨基酸及其他营养物质的释放，增加竹的营养成分并改善口感；
2)浸泡：将铁皮石斛组合物去除杂质、清水洗净后切段或粉碎，然后浸泡于40-50℃的碱性鲜竹水中，碱性鲜竹水至少没过铁皮石斛组合物的表面，惰性气氛中浸泡至少24h后过滤得到滤液和滤渣；铁皮石斛组合物为铁皮石斛、桔皮、胖大海、菊花、罗汉果、天然薄荷脑的组合物，铁皮石斛切段，其余组分粉碎；浸泡在惰性气氛中进行，避免鲜竹水氧化变质，浸泡完成后，铁皮石斛组合物中的部分营养物质进入碱性鲜竹水中，部分营养物质滞留于滤渣中；
3)酶解：将步骤2)得到的滤渣粉碎、破壁之后加入由纤维素酶、葡聚糖酶、木聚糖酶、阿魏酸酯酶组成的复合酶，搅拌均匀后在40-45℃下酶解5-8h，得到酶解浆料；复合酶中各个成分协同作用，使得铁皮石斛组合物的表皮得到最大程度的酶解，进而转化为水溶性的膳食纤维、多聚糖、低聚糖，不仅极大地改善了口感，还增加了营养成分；
4)灭菌发酵：将步骤2)得到的滤液和步骤3)得到的酶解浆料混合并均质、灭菌，之后接入乳酸菌发酵剂于35-38℃下搅拌发酵至少24h，然后室温下添加壳聚糖后再自然发酵至少24h，得到发酵原液，发酵不仅进一步提高了营养成分，而且极大的改善了口感；
5)喷雾干燥：将步骤4)得到的发酵原液中添加由麦芽提取物、环糊精、甘油、可溶性淀粉和海藻酸钠组成的保护剂，室温搅拌均匀后加入其1倍体积的碱性鲜竹水，再次搅拌均匀后雾化干燥后得到酵素粉；
6)压片：向酵素粉中添加粘合剂和润滑剂，混合均匀后压片成型。
本发明用碱性鲜竹水贯穿制备的始终，在碱性鲜竹水的辅佐下，本发明不仅最大化地保留了各个中药组份的有效成分，而且极大的改善了口感，制得集铁皮石斛、桔皮、胖大海、菊花、罗汉果、天然薄荷脑的营养为一体的压片糖果。所得的压片糖果具有清新的中药味、稍有甜度、口感清凉且含有益生元和益生菌，益生元和益生菌又促进了各个中药组份的营养物质的吸收，多种有效成分相互协同，具有显著的清热去火、清咽利喉、养胃生津功效，有助于解决口臭、改善咽部和胃部不适，达到利咽、健胃的目的。
优选的，步骤4)中，乳酸菌发酵剂中包括数量比为1：2：1的双歧杆菌、植物乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌，乳酸菌发酵剂的添加质量为步骤2)得到的滤液和步骤3)得到的酶解浆料总质量的2-3％。
进一步优选的，步骤2)中，铁皮石斛组合物中，各个组份的重量百分比分别为：铁皮石斛40％-50％、桔皮3％-10％、胖大海20％-25％、菊花10％-15％、罗汉果5％-10％、天然薄荷脑5％-8％。铁皮石斛组合物的组方来自由中医药理论指导下的临床实践，各个组份进行配伍，可以使得其内的有效成分易于吸收、充分发挥作用，提高疗效，各药材均为药食同源药材，无毒副作用。
进一步优选的，步骤4)中，自然发酵时，温度23-25℃、相对湿度90％-95％。
更为优选的，步骤5)中，保护剂的添加量与步骤4)得到的发酵原液的重量百分比为3％-5％，保护剂中各个组份的重量百分比分别为：麦芽提取物20％-25％、环糊精30％-50％、甘油10％-20％、可溶性淀粉10％-15％和海藻酸钠10％-12％。喷雾干燥时，进料口温度100-120℃、出料口温度40-50℃，喷头转速为8000-10000r/min；保护剂中的各个组分以上述比例进行组合，可以起到稳定蛋白结构、占位性屏障和包埋性屏障等作用，避免喷雾干燥时的高温对各种营养成分造成损伤。
最为优选的，步骤6)中，粘合剂具体为蜂蜜，添加量为酵素粉质量的3％-5％；润滑剂具体为硬脂酸镁，添加量为酵素粉质量的0.5％-1.8％。
本发明还提出一种由上述制备工艺制得的含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果的制备工艺，包括如下操作步骤：
1)制备碱性鲜竹水：将竹龄1-2年的鲜竹切段后碾压得到鲜竹水，调节鲜竹水的pH为10备用；
2)浸泡：将铁皮石斛组合物去除杂质、清水洗净后切段或粉碎，然后浸泡于45℃的碱性鲜竹水中，碱性鲜竹水至少没过铁皮石斛组合物的表面，惰性气氛中浸泡24h后过滤得到滤液和滤渣；铁皮石斛组合物中，各个组份的重量百分比分别为：铁皮石斛40％、桔皮10％、胖大海20％、菊花12％、罗汉果10％、天然薄荷脑8％；
3)酶解：将步骤2)得到的滤渣粉碎、破壁之后加入由纤维素酶、葡聚糖酶、木聚糖酶、阿魏酸酯酶组成的复合酶，搅拌均匀后在40℃下酶解8h，得到酶解浆料；
4)灭菌发酵：将步骤2)得到的滤液和步骤3)得到的酶解浆料混合并均质、灭菌，之后接入乳酸菌发酵剂于36℃下搅拌发酵24h，然后室温下添加壳聚糖后再于温度23℃、相对湿度95％的环境中自然发酵24h，得到发酵原液；乳酸菌发酵剂中包括数量比为1：2：1的双歧杆菌、植物乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌，乳酸菌发酵剂的添加质量为步骤2)得到的滤液和步骤3)得到的酶解浆料总质量的2.5％；
5)喷雾干燥：将步骤4)得到的发酵原液中添加由麦芽提取物、环糊精、甘油、可溶性淀粉和海藻酸钠组成的保护剂，室温搅拌均匀后加入其1倍体积的碱性鲜竹水，再次搅拌均匀后雾化干燥后得到酵素粉；保护剂的添加量与步骤4)得到的发酵原液的重量百分比为3％，保护剂中各个组份的重量百分比分别为：麦芽提取物22％、环糊精40％、甘油15％、可溶性淀粉11％和海藻酸钠12％；
6)压片：向酵素粉中添加酵素粉质量5％的蜂蜜和酵素粉质量1％的硬脂酸镁，混合均匀后压片成型。
实施例2
一种含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果的制备工艺，包括如下操作步骤：
1)制备碱性鲜竹水：将竹龄2-3年的鲜竹切段后碾压得到鲜竹水，调节鲜竹水的pH为9备用；
2)浸泡：将铁皮石斛组合物去除杂质、清水洗净后切段或粉碎，然后浸泡于40℃的碱性鲜竹水中，碱性鲜竹水至少没过铁皮石斛组合物的表面，惰性气氛中浸泡28h后过滤得到滤液和滤渣；铁皮石斛组合物中，各个组份的重量百分比分别为：铁皮石斛50％、桔皮5％、胖大海25％、菊花10％、罗汉果5％、天然薄荷脑5％；
3)酶解：将步骤2)得到的滤渣粉碎、破壁之后加入由纤维素酶、葡聚糖酶、木聚糖酶、阿魏酸酯酶组成的复合酶，搅拌均匀后在45℃下酶解7h，得到酶解浆料；
4)灭菌发酵：将步骤2)得到的滤液和步骤3)得到的酶解浆料混合并均质、灭菌，之后接入乳酸菌发酵剂于35℃下搅拌发酵30h，然后室温下添加壳聚糖后再于温度25℃、相对湿度93％的环境中自然发酵28h，得到发酵原液；乳酸菌发酵剂中包括数量比为1：2：1的双歧杆菌、植物乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌，乳酸菌发酵剂的添加质量为步骤2)得到的滤液和步骤3)得到的酶解浆料总质量的2％；
5)喷雾干燥：将步骤4)得到的发酵原液中添加由麦芽提取物、环糊精、甘油、可溶性淀粉和海藻酸钠组成的保护剂，室温搅拌均匀后加入其1.5倍体积的碱性鲜竹水，再次搅拌均匀后雾化干燥后得到酵素粉；保护剂的添加量与步骤4)得到的发酵原液的重量百分比为5％，保护剂中各个组份的重量百分比分别为：麦芽提取物20％、环糊精50％、甘油10％、可溶性淀粉10％和海藻酸钠10％；
6)压片：向酵素粉中添加酵素粉质量4％的蜂蜜和酵素粉质量0.5％的硬脂酸镁，混合均匀后压片成型。
实施例3
一种含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果的制备工艺，包括如下操作步骤：
1)制备碱性鲜竹水：将竹龄2-4年的鲜竹切段后碾压得到鲜竹水，调节鲜竹水的pH为8备用；
2)浸泡：将铁皮石斛组合物去除杂质、清水洗净后切段或粉碎，然后浸泡于50℃的碱性鲜竹水中，碱性鲜竹水至少没过铁皮石斛组合物的表面，惰性气氛中浸泡35h后过滤得到滤液和滤渣；铁皮石斛组合物中，各个组份的重量百分比分别为：铁皮石斛45％、桔皮3％、胖大海23％、菊花15％、罗汉果8％、天然薄荷脑6％；
3)酶解：将步骤2)得到的滤渣粉碎、破壁之后加入由纤维素酶、葡聚糖酶、木聚糖酶、阿魏酸酯酶组成的复合酶，搅拌均匀后在43℃下酶解5h，得到酶解浆料；
4)灭菌发酵：将步骤2)得到的滤液和步骤3)得到的酶解浆料混合并均质、灭菌，之后接入乳酸菌发酵剂于38℃下搅拌发酵24h，然后室温下添加壳聚糖后再于温度24℃、相对湿度90％的环境中自然发酵48h，得到发酵原液；乳酸菌发酵剂中包括数量比为1：2：1的双歧杆菌、植物乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌，乳酸菌发酵剂的添加质量为步骤2)得到的滤液和步骤3)得到的酶解浆料总质量的3％；
5)喷雾干燥：将步骤4)得到的发酵原液中添加由麦芽提取物、环糊精、甘油、可溶性淀粉和海藻酸钠组成的保护剂，室温搅拌均匀后加入其2倍体积的碱性鲜竹水，再次搅拌均匀后雾化干燥后得到酵素粉；保护剂的添加量与步骤4)得到的发酵原液的重量百分比为4％，保护剂中各个组份的重量百分比分别为：麦芽提取物25％、环糊精30％、甘油20％、可溶性淀粉15％和海藻酸钠10％；
6)压片：向酵素粉中添加酵素粉质量3％的蜂蜜和酵素粉质量1.8％的硬脂酸镁，混合均匀后压片成型。
本发明制得的压片糖果对口臭、慢性咽炎、喉咙肿痛、消化不良、慢性萎缩性胃炎、浅表性胃炎具有显著疗效。而且，含糖量很低，也适合糖尿病人与肥胖病人含服。
病例1，王某，38岁，公司职员，以往从深秋开始，由于天凉导致胃部不适伴随消化不良症状。今年自立秋开始，每天含服本发明的实施例2的压片糖果，3-6个小时一片，至今没有出现过因为胃部不适，而且咽部特别舒服。
病例2，李某，15岁，学生，易上火体质，每年在供暖之后的3-5天都会出现口苦咽干、喉咙刺痛症状，今年在供暖前一个月开始含服本发明的实施例3的压片糖果，如今供暖一周上述症状均未出现。
病例3，吴某，56岁，退休人员，有慢性咽炎史，感冒后尤为严重，最近一次感冒后，在服药的同时含服本发明实施例1的压片糖果，3-6个小时一片，咽部干燥感与痒感在含服一周后显著改善，复原周期明显缩短。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果的制备工艺，其特征在于：包括如下操作步骤：
1)制备碱性鲜竹水：将竹龄至少1年的鲜竹切段后碾压得到鲜竹水，调节鲜竹水的pH为8-10备用；
2)浸泡：将铁皮石斛组合物去除杂质、清水洗净后切段或粉碎，然后浸泡于40-50℃的碱性鲜竹水中，碱性鲜竹水至少没过铁皮石斛组合物的表面，惰性气氛中浸泡至少24h后过滤得到滤液和滤渣；所述铁皮石斛组合物为铁皮石斛、桔皮、胖大海、菊花、罗汉果、天然薄荷脑的组合物；
3)酶解：将步骤2)得到的滤渣粉碎、破壁之后加入由纤维素酶、葡聚糖酶、木聚糖酶、阿魏酸酯酶组成的复合酶，搅拌均匀后在40-45℃下酶解5-8h，得到酶解浆料；
4)灭菌发酵：将步骤2)得到的滤液和步骤3)得到的酶解浆料混合并均质、灭菌，之后接入乳酸菌发酵剂于35-38℃下搅拌发酵至少24h，然后室温下添加壳聚糖后再自然发酵至少24h，得到发酵原液；
5)喷雾干燥：将步骤4)得到的发酵原液中添加由麦芽提取物、环糊精、甘油、可溶性淀粉和海藻酸钠组成的保护剂，室温搅拌均匀后加入至少其1倍体积的碱性鲜竹水，再次搅拌均匀后雾化干燥后得到酵素粉；
6)压片：向所述酵素粉中添加粘合剂和润滑剂，混合均匀后压片成型。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果的制备工艺，其特征在于：步骤4)中，乳酸菌发酵剂中包括数量比为1：2：1的双歧杆菌、植物乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌，所述乳酸菌发酵剂的添加质量为步骤2)得到的滤液和步骤3)得到的酶解浆料总质量的2-3％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果的制备工艺，其特征在于：步骤2)中，所述铁皮石斛组合物中，各个组份的重量百分比分别为：铁皮石斛40％-50％、桔皮3％-10％、胖大海20％-25％、菊花10％-15％、罗汉果5％-10％、天然薄荷脑5％-8％。
4.根据权利要求2所述的含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果的制备工艺，其特征在于：步骤4)中，自然发酵时，温度23-25℃、相对湿度90％-95％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果的制备工艺，其特征在于：步骤5)中，所述保护剂的添加量与步骤4)得到的发酵原液的重量百分比为3％-5％，所述保护剂中各个组份的重量百分比分别为：麦芽提取物20％-25％、环糊精30％-50％、甘油10％-20％、可溶性淀粉10％-15％和海藻酸钠10％-12％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果的制备工艺，其特征在于：步骤6)中，粘合剂具体为蜂蜜，添加量为所述酵素粉质量的3％-5％；所述润滑剂具体为硬脂酸镁，添加量为所述酵素粉质量的0.5％-1.8％。
7.一种由权利要求1-6任一项所述的制备工艺制得的含有铁皮石斛益生元和益生菌的压片糖果。
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CN109793856A (zh) * 2019-03-28 2019-05-24 宁波工程学院奉化研究院 一种铁皮石斛粉的制备方法

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CN114287623A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-08 安徽阳光药业有限公司 一种石斛酵素颗粒及其制备方法

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