CN112544377A - Precision seeding method based on blanket formation of rice seedlings transplanted by rice machine - Google Patents
Precision seeding method based on blanket formation of rice seedlings transplanted by rice machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112544377A CN112544377A CN202011449246.9A CN202011449246A CN112544377A CN 112544377 A CN112544377 A CN 112544377A CN 202011449246 A CN202011449246 A CN 202011449246A CN 112544377 A CN112544377 A CN 112544377A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
- A01C7/081—Seeders depositing seeds in rows using pneumatic means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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Abstract
The invention discloses a precision seeding method based on the blanket forming property of rice seedlings transplanted by a rice machine, which comprises the following steps: adopting a rice sowing assembly line to sow seeds with different sowing grain numbers, wherein the sowing comprises two modes of drilling and broadcasting; recording blanket forming time and seedling forming number of the seedlings under different seeding grain numbers, and calculating the rate of emergence; establishing a functional relation between the seedling blanket forming time and the number of the seedlings in the seedling tray; when the rice is planted, the number of seedlings required by a seedling tray is determined according to the seedling rate of the rice variety, the required planting season and the required seedling raising time; the seeding grain number is determined through the calculation and digitization of the emergence rate under different seeding grain numbers, and the precision seeding under different seasons is realized. The method establishes the relation between the seedling number and the blanket formation under the conditions of drill seeding and broadcast seeding, can perform seedling raising treatment with 8 seeding quantities in different rice planting seasons, and can quantify the seeding quantity by using a function pair after determining the seedling raising time for a specific season and planting time when planting a specific pair of varieties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a digital seeding method, in particular to a precision seeding method based on the blanket formation of rice seedlings transplanted by a rice machine.
Background
With the development of social economy, the rice machine transplanting planting is the most effective planting mode for guaranteeing high and stable yield of national grains in future. The mechanical transplanting and seedling raising is the most important link in rice planting, but at present, the mechanical transplanting and seedling raising in China has more problems. Particularly for hybrid rice, the seedling raising quality directly influences the mechanical transplanting quality and the construction of a rice population after planting. The seedling blanket is the basis of machine transplanting, and previous researches show that effective blanket formation can be realized under the condition of high seeding rate, but for hybrid rice, the high seeding rate means the cost increase of seeds, and the current mechanical transplanting seeding rate of the hybrid rice is 70-90 g per standard seedling tray, so that the seeding rate is high, but the quality of seedlings is poor. At present, some farmers in production begin to explore the reduction of the seeding rate, but find that the reduction of the seeding rate too much affects the effective blanket of machine transplanting, and if the seeding rate is reasonably reduced, the technical bottleneck of the machine transplanting of the hybrid rice is formed. Moreover, for different varieties, the thousand seed weights are different, and the number of the sowing seeds under the condition of the same sowing quantity is different, so that quantitative sowing operation according to the number of the sowing seeds is difficult to realize.
At present, rice production is gradually scaled, so that assembly line automatic operation is required for machine-transplanted seedling sowing, the automatic intelligent quantitative control modes of the sowing quantity are not many at present, manual adjustment is required, the sowing grain number is different due to adjustment according to the sowing gram number, and the accurate quantitative seed grain number is difficult. In order to develop the intelligent type of the rice mechanical transplanting and seedling raising link in the future, the change of the seeding quantity from gram to grain is realized, the carpet property is combined, the grain number of the rice seeding is quantified, and the precision seeding according to the grain number of the seeds is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a precision seeding method based on the blanket forming property of rice seedlings transplanted by a rice machine, which solves the problem that the seed number of the seeds is difficult to accurately quantify in the existing rice machine seeding, establishes the relation between the seedling number and the blanket forming property, and can precisely determine the seeding quantity.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a precision seeding method based on rice seedling mechanical seedling planting carpet forming, the method comprising: adopting a rice sowing assembly line to sow seeds with different sowing grain numbers, wherein the sowing comprises two modes of drilling and broadcasting; recording blanket forming time and seedling forming number of the seedlings under different seeding grain numbers, and calculating the rate of emergence; establishing a functional relation between the seedling blanket forming time and the number of seedlings in a seedling tray; when the rice is planted, the number of seedlings required by a seedling tray is determined according to the seedling rate of the rice variety, the required planting season and the required seedling raising time; the number of the sowing seeds is determined by calculating and digitalizing the emergence rate under different sowing seeds, so that the precision sowing in different seasons is realized; wherein, the emergence rate is calculated, and the emergence rate (%) is the number of seedlings in a seedling tray/the number of sowed seeds multiplied by 100%.
Preferably, a rice sowing production line is adopted to sow different sowing grain numbers, the sowing quantity is divided into 8 gradients, and 400 grains are arranged between adjacent gradients.
Preferably, the number of the sowing seeds is 800, 1200, 1600, 2000, 2400, 2800, 3200 and 3600 respectively.
Preferably, the weight of the sown rice is determined based on the number of sown grains and the thousand-grain weight of the seeds.
The precision seeding method based on the blanket formation of the rice seedlings transplanted by the rice machine solves the problem that the seed number is difficult to accurately quantify in the existing rice seedling transplanting and seeding method, and has the following advantages:
the method of the invention establishes the relation between the seedling number and the blanket formation under the conditions of drill seeding and broadcast seeding, can carry out seedling raising treatment with 8 seeding quantities in different rice planting seasons, and can quantify the seeding quantity by using a function pair after determining the seedling raising time aiming at a specific season and planting time when planting a special pair of varieties.
The method provided by the invention is convenient to operate, the test result rule is obvious, the reliability is high, the systematicness is good, on one hand, accurate support can be provided for the determination of the seeding amount of farmers, and on the other hand, support can be provided for the development of a digital intelligent seedling raising mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the early rice blanket forming time and the number of seedlings in a seedling tray.
FIG. 2 is the relationship between the blanket forming time of single season rice and the number of seedlings in a seedling tray.
FIG. 3 is the relationship between the late rice blanket forming time and the number of seedlings in the seedling tray.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A precision seeding method based on rice mechanical seedling blanket forming performance takes Yongyou 1540 varieties as an example, establishes the relationship between blanket forming performance and seedling tray seedlings for the Yongyou 1540 varieties in different seasons, and determines the number of seeds to be sown and the corresponding seeding gram number, which comprises the following steps:
(1) seed preparation: the seeds are shriveled out, soaked for 48 hours and dried for later use;
(2) sowing and seedling raising: sowing 16 seeds in a drill way by adopting an air-aspiration type seeder, wherein the number of the sowed seeds is 1000, 1400, 1800, 2200, 2600, 3000, 3400 and 3800, the sowing is carried out by adopting a traditional Miyazaki sowing production line, the sowing quantity is consistent, and 5 discs are sowed each time;
(3) and (3) blanket forming recording: recording blanket forming time when the seedlings can form a blanket, and simultaneously inspecting the number of the seedlings;
(5) function construction: and calculating the emergence rate, constructing a functional relation between the seedling number of the seedling tray and the blanket forming time, and determining the number of the seedlings according to the required blanket forming time in the actual application process.
As shown in table 1, the rate of emergence for different modes of sowing in different seasons (rate of emergence (%): number of seedling trays per number of seeds × 100%) was not much different between different numbers of seeds, and the difference between drill sowing and broadcast sowing was not much, with the rate of emergence for early rice averaging 75.0%, the rate of emergence for single season rice 84.2%, and the rate of emergence for late rice 83.5%.
As shown in figures 1-3, the relationship between the blanket forming time of rice and the number of seedlings in a seedling tray shows significant correlation in different seasons. The larger the number of seedlings, the shorter the time required for the seedlings to become blanket. And under the same seedling quantity, the time required by drilling is less than that of broadcasting, and as shown by functions in figures 1-3, quantification can be realized by utilizing a linear relation (x represents blanket forming time, y represents seedling number of a seedling tray):
the function of the relationship between the blanket forming time of the early rice drill seeding and the number of seedlings is as follows: y-0.0084 x +44.179 (R)2＝0.9869**)；
The relation function between the early rice broadcasting blanket forming time and the seedling quantity is as follows: y ═ 0.0106x +55.77 (R)2＝0.9714**)；
The relation function between the blanket forming time of single cropping rice drill seeding and the number of seedlings is as follows: y-0.0031 x +24.077 (R)2＝0.9819**)；
The relation function between the blanket forming time of single cropping rice broadcasting and the number of seedlings is as follows: y-0.0059 x +33.016 (R)2＝0.9685**)；
The function of the relationship between late rice drilling and blanket forming time and seedling quantity is as follows: y-0.0058 x +27.396 (R)2＝0.9973**)；
The relationship function between the late rice broadcasting and blanket forming time and the seedling number is as follows: y-0.0033 x +18.833 (R)2＝0.9854**)。
When the method is applied, for example, the single-season rice Yongyou 1540 seedling raising time calculated by farmers is 20 days, the seedling number required by a seedling tray is 1315.2 seedlings by adopting a drilling mode, the seedling emergence rate of the single-season rice is 84.2%, the number of seeds required by the seedlings is 1562 seeds, the thousand seed weight of the seeds is 23.5g, and the weight of the seeds required to be sown is 36.7 g. And adopting a broadcast sowing mode, wherein the number of seedlings required by a seedling tray is 2206.1 seedlings, the number of seeds required by the seedlings is 2620 according to the emergence rate of the single cropping rice of 84.2%, the weight of the seeds required by the seedlings is 61.6g according to the thousand seed weight of 23.5 g.
Table 1 shows the emergence rates of different modes of sowing in different seasons
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (4)
1. A precision seeding method based on the blanket forming property of rice mechanical seedling transplanting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adopting a rice sowing assembly line to sow seeds with different sowing grain numbers, wherein the sowing comprises two modes of drilling and broadcasting; recording blanket forming time and seedling forming number of the seedlings under different seeding grain numbers, and calculating the rate of emergence; establishing a functional relation between the seedling blanket forming time and the number of seedlings in a seedling tray;
when the rice is planted, the number of seedlings required by a seedling tray is determined according to the seedling rate of the rice variety, the required planting season and the required seedling raising time; the number of the sowing seeds is determined by calculating and digitalizing the emergence rate under different sowing seeds, so that the precision sowing in different seasons is realized;
wherein, the emergence rate is calculated, and the emergence rate (%) is the number of seedlings in a seedling tray/the number of sowed seeds multiplied by 100%.
2. The precision seeding method based on the rice seedling carpet forming performance of the rice machine transplanting according to claim 1, characterized in that a rice seeding production line is adopted to perform seeding with different seeding grain numbers, the seeding quantity is divided into 8 gradients, and 400 grains are arranged between adjacent gradients.
3. The method for precision seeding based on the rice mechanical seedling carpet formation according to claim 2, wherein the number of the seeding grains is respectively 800 grains, 1200 grains, 1600 grains, 2000 grains, 2400 grains, 2800 grains, 3200 grains and 3600 grains.
4. The precision sowing method based on rice mechanical seedling carpet-forming property according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the sown rice is determined according to the number of sown grains and the thousand seed weight.
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103283349A (en) * | 2013-03-09 | 2013-09-11 | 黑龙江省农垦科学院水稻研究所 | A tray type seedling method by drilling |
| CN108541533A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-18 | 贵州省水稻研究所 | A kind of organic method accurately cultivated of rice |
| CN110050652A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-26 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of hybrid paddy rice Low seeding rate precision drilling seedling strong sprout is at blanket method |
| CN110352819A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-10-22 | 江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | A kind of big bowl body blanket seedling method of raising seedling of machine transplanting of rice early rice |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103283349A (en) * | 2013-03-09 | 2013-09-11 | 黑龙江省农垦科学院水稻研究所 | A tray type seedling method by drilling |
| CN108541533A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-18 | 贵州省水稻研究所 | A kind of organic method accurately cultivated of rice |
| CN110050652A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-26 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of hybrid paddy rice Low seeding rate precision drilling seedling strong sprout is at blanket method |
| CN110352819A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-10-22 | 江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | A kind of big bowl body blanket seedling method of raising seedling of machine transplanting of rice early rice |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 易国强等: "《新编农业技术员实用手册》", 31 December 2008, 中原农民出版社 * |
| 胡雪华等: "草地早熟禾播种量对非土壤基质生产地毯式草皮的成卷研究", 《上海农学院学报》 * |
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Application publication date: 20210326 |