CN112538753A - 户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备方法 - Google Patents
户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及织物面料技术领域,具体是一种户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料及其制备方法。本发明首先以纳米二氧化硅为原料,将其和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合反应,随后用氢氧化钠溶液对其进行表面刻蚀,并烧结去除聚乙烯吡咯烷酮模板,得到表面粗糙且具有多孔结构的纳米二氧化硅,接着本发明以抗皱性能极佳的桑树皮纤维为原料,将桑树皮纤维和多聚磷酸钠、硝酸镍以及碱液混合,进行高温碱煮,得到预处理桑树皮纤维,同时本发明还制备了油性的蔗糖聚酯,最后,本发明将表面粗糙多孔的二氧化硅和油性蔗糖聚酯混合后制成浸渍液,将预处理后的桑树皮纤维和浸渍液共混后进行高温反应,最终和氨纶纤维以及涤纶纤维混纺制得抗皱耐磨面料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及织物面料技术领域,具体是一种户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着科技的进步,社会的发展,我国的纺织技术得到了快速的发展,随之而来的是多种新型纺织面料的大量涌现。
面料是用来制作服装的材料,面料种类繁多,用来制作服装的面料大多具有穿着舒适、吸汗透气等特点。随着人们对健康和运动的重视程度越来越高,日常的衣物磨损也逐渐加剧;特别是一些热爱健身、户外运动的消费者,他们对于衣物面料的耐磨性的要求越来越高。但是,目前的耐磨面料包括经纱和纬纱交织而成的基布,这种结构的面料透气性差,不具有弹性,易损坏。尤其是裤子的面料,不仅耐磨性不理想,较易出现磨损的情况,导致耐用性不理想,而且还容易出现褶皱,影响使用。因此,现有的衣物面料存在着耐磨性不理想、耐用性不理想和较易褶皱的问题。
目前,一般的纺织面料,可以满足保暖、遮肤的作用,通常耐磨性较差。而对已一些特殊的工作人员,现场环境比较恶劣,一般的纺织面料难以满足该种环境的需求。且有些面料在折叠储放后再拿出使用时容易出现明显的褶皱,影响面料的整体效果,不利于提升面料的档次感。
因此,发明一种户外运动装专用的具有抗皱、耐磨性能的织物面料对纺织品技术领域具有积极的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料及其制备方法,以解决现有技术中现有的衣物面料存在着耐磨性不理想、 耐用性不理想和较易褶皱的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料,所述户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料包括:涤纶纤维、自制耐磨抗皱纤维、氨纶纤维。
所述户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料,按重量份数计包括:30~40份涤纶纤维、50~60份自制耐磨抗皱纤维、6~8份氨纶纤维。
一种户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备方法,具体制备步骤为:
(1)多孔纳米二氧化硅的制备;
(2)上层油状物的制备;
(3)预处理桑树皮纤维的制备;
(4)自制耐磨抗皱纤维的制备;
(5)户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备。
一种户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备方法,具体制备步骤为:
(1)多孔纳米二氧化硅的制备:
将纳米二氧化硅和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合后放入油浴锅中,升高油浴锅温度用搅拌器搅拌反应3~5h,得到反应液;
将质量浓度为0.1g/L的氢氧化钠溶液和上述反应液混合后装入超声振荡仪中,超声振荡反应,反应结束后过滤分离得到反应滤渣,放入烧结炉中烧结40~50min,出料得到多孔纳米二氧化硅;
(2)上层油状物的制备:
将蔗糖和油酸钾、碳酸钾以及油酸甲酯混合后置于三口烧瓶中,加热升温,保温反应后,取出反应物静置分层15~20h,分离得到上层油状物;
(3)预处理桑树皮纤维的制备:
将桑树皮纤维和质量分数为10%氢氧化钠溶液、质量分数为5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液以及硝酸镍混合后移入高温反应釜中,保温蒸煮处理2~3h,保温蒸煮处理结束后,过滤分离得到蒸煮滤渣,放入烘箱干燥后得到预处理桑树皮纤维;
(4)自制耐磨抗皱纤维的制备:
将多孔纳米二氧化硅与上层油状物搅拌混合10~15min,得到混合液,将上述预处理桑树皮纤维完全浸入混合液中,加热升温,搅拌反应1~2h后出料,自然晾干后即得自制耐磨抗皱纤维;
(5)户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备:
称取涤纶纤维、自制耐磨抗皱纤维、氨纶纤维,将一路自制耐磨抗皱纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺与一路涤纶纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺的交替排列各路纬纱,织造得到户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料。
一种户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备方法,具体制备步骤为:
(1)多孔纳米二氧化硅的制备:
将纳米二氧化硅和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合后放入油浴锅中,升高油浴锅温度至100~105℃,用搅拌器以50~60r/min的转速搅拌反应3~5h,得到反应液;
按体积比为1:4将质量浓度为0.1g/L的氢氧化钠溶液和上述反应液混合后装入超声振荡仪中,以30~40kHz的频率超声振荡反应3~4h,反应结束后过滤分离得到反应滤渣,放入烧结炉中以300~400℃的温度烧结40~50min,出料得到多孔纳米二氧化硅;
(2)上层油状物的制备:
将蔗糖和油酸钾、碳酸钾以及油酸甲酯混合后置于三口烧瓶中,加热升温至145~150℃,保温反应4~5h后,取出反应物静置分层15~20h,分离得到上层油状物;
(3)预处理桑树皮纤维的制备:
按质量比为10:80:10:3将桑树皮纤维和质量分数为10%氢氧化钠溶液、质量分数为5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液以及硝酸镍混合后移入高温反应釜中,保温蒸煮处理2~3h,保温蒸煮处理结束后,过滤分离得到蒸煮滤渣,放入烘箱干燥后得到预处理桑树皮纤维;
(4)自制耐磨抗皱纤维的制备:
按质量比1:15,将多孔纳米二氧化硅与上层油状物搅拌混合10~15min,得到混合液,将上述预处理桑树皮纤维完全浸入混合液中,加热升温搅拌反应1~2h后出料,自然晾干后即得自制耐磨抗皱纤维;
(5)户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备:
按重量份数计,称取30~40份涤纶纤维、50~60份上述自制耐磨抗皱纤维、6~8份氨纶纤维,将一路自制耐磨抗皱纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺与一路涤纶纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺的交替排列各路纬纱,织造得到户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料。
优选方案所述多孔纳米二氧化硅的制备步骤中,纳米二氧化硅和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的摩尔比为1:10。
优选方案所述上层油状物的制备步骤中,蔗糖和油酸钾、碳酸钾以及油酸甲酯的质量比为6:1:1:47。
优选方案所述预处理桑树皮纤维的制备步骤中,保温蒸煮处理的温度为160~180℃。
优选方案所述自制耐磨抗皱纤维的制备步骤中,加热升温搅拌反应的温度为160~180℃。
优选方案所述户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备步骤中,制造时各纱线的喂入长度为 :富强纤维280~320mm/100N,涤纶270~310mm/100N,氨纶为110~130mm/100N。与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明首先以纳米二氧化硅为原料,将其和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合反应,使得聚乙烯吡咯烷酮凝聚附着在纳米二氧化硅颗粒表面,并以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮作为模板保护层,随后用氢氧化钠溶液对其进行表面刻蚀,并烧结去除聚乙烯吡咯烷酮模板,得到表面粗糙且具有多孔结构的纳米二氧化硅,接着本发明以本申请抗皱性能极佳的桑树皮纤维为原料,将桑树皮纤维和多聚磷酸钠、硝酸镍以及碱液混合,进行高温碱煮,在碱煮的过程中,多聚磷酸钠溶液能够整合桑树皮纤维素周围溶液的金属镍离子,并能与桑树皮纤维素中羟基结合,填补棉麻纤维粗糙部位的间隙,改善棉麻纤维毛糙感,减少短绒的产生,进而提高面料的光滑的,避免起皱,并且经过金属离子填充后的桑树皮纤维机械强度提高,耐磨性得到显著提高,同时本发明还制备了油性的蔗糖聚酯,最后,本发明将表面粗糙多孔的二氧化硅和油性蔗糖聚酯混合后制成浸渍液,将预处理后的桑树皮纤维和浸渍液共混后进行高温反应,通过高温使得纳米二氧化硅表面的硅羟基和预处理桑皮纤维表面的羟基实现脱水缩合或者产生其他化学结合力,使得纳米二氧化硅附着在纤维表面,最终和氨纶纤维以及涤纶纤维混纺制得抗皱耐磨面料;
(2)另外,本发明面料中桑树皮纤维表面附着的纳米二氧化硅本身机械强度高,可以初步提高面料纤维的耐磨性,其次二氧化硅可以作为柔软粒子,当面料纤维和其他界面发生相对运动时,面料表面的纳米二氧化硅发生挤压、变形和滑滚等微观运动,降低纤维间的摩擦系数,防止面料内能损耗,再一次提高了面料的耐磨性,同时,本发明加入的蔗糖聚酯可在面料纤维表面形成一层吸附膜,降低面料纤维表面能,提供润湿保护,赋予织物柔软和光滑度,避免皱褶的出现,进一步提高了面料的抗皱性能,具有广阔的应用前景。
具体实施方式
多孔纳米二氧化硅的制备:
(1)将纳米二氧化硅和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮按摩尔比为1:10混合后放入油浴锅中,升高油浴锅温度至100~105℃,用搅拌器以50~60r/min的转速搅拌反应3~5h,得到反应液;
(2)按体积比为1:4将质量浓度为0.1g/L的氢氧化钠溶液和上述反应液混合后装入超声振荡仪中,以30~40kHz的频率超声振荡反应3~4h,反应结束后过滤分离得到反应滤渣,放入烧结炉中以300~400℃的温度烧结40~50min,出料得到多孔纳米二氧化硅,备用;
上层油状物的制备:
按质量比为6:1:1:47将蔗糖和油酸钾、碳酸钾以及油酸甲酯混合后置于三口烧瓶中,加热升温至145~150℃,保温反应4~5h后,取出反应物静置分层15~20h,分离得到上层油状物;
预处理桑树皮纤维的制备:
按质量比为10:80:10:3将桑树皮纤维和质量分数为10%氢氧化钠溶液、质量分数为5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液以及硝酸镍混合后移入高温反应釜中,在160~180℃下,保温蒸煮处理2~3h,保温蒸煮处理结束后,过滤分离得到蒸煮滤渣,放入烘箱干燥后得到预处理桑树皮纤维;
自制耐磨抗皱纤维的制备:
按质量比1:15,将多孔纳米二氧化硅与上层油状物搅拌混合10~15min,得到混合液,将上述预处理桑树皮纤维完全浸入混合液中,加热升温至160~180℃,搅拌反应1~2h后出料,自然晾干后即得自制耐磨抗皱纤维;
户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备:
按重量份数计,称取30~40份涤纶纤维、50~60份上述自制耐磨抗皱纤维、6~8份氨纶纤维,将一路自制耐磨抗皱纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺与一路涤纶纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺的交替排列各路纬纱,各纱线的喂入长度为 :富强纤维280~320mm/100N,涤纶270~310mm/100N,氨纶为110~130mm/100N,织造得到户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料。
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实例1
多孔纳米二氧化硅的制备:
(1)将纳米二氧化硅和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮按摩尔比为1:10混合后放入油浴锅中,升高油浴锅温度至100℃,用搅拌器以50r/min的转速搅拌反应3h,得到反应液;
(2)按体积比为1:4将质量浓度为0.1g/L的氢氧化钠溶液和上述反应液混合后装入超声振荡仪中,以30kHz的频率超声振荡反应3h,反应结束后过滤分离得到反应滤渣,放入烧结炉中以300℃的温度烧结40min,出料得到多孔纳米二氧化硅,备用;
上层油状物的制备:
按质量比为6:1:1:47将蔗糖和油酸钾、碳酸钾以及油酸甲酯混合后置于三口烧瓶中,加热升温至145℃,保温反应4h后,取出反应物静置分层15h,分离得到上层油状物;
预处理桑树皮纤维的制备:
按质量比为10:80:10:3将桑树皮纤维和质量分数为10%氢氧化钠溶液、质量分数为5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液以及硝酸镍混合后移入高温反应釜中,在160℃下,保温蒸煮处理2h,保温蒸煮处理结束后,过滤分离得到蒸煮滤渣,放入烘箱干燥后得到预处理桑树皮纤维;
自制耐磨抗皱纤维的制备:
按质量比1:15,将多孔纳米二氧化硅与上层油状物搅拌混合10min,得到混合液,将上述预处理桑树皮纤维完全浸入混合液中,加热升温至160℃,搅拌反应1h后出料,自然晾干后即得自制耐磨抗皱纤维;
户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备:
按重量份数计,称取30份涤纶纤维、50份上述自制耐磨抗皱纤维、6份氨纶纤维,将一路自制耐磨抗皱纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺与一路涤纶纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺的交替排列各路纬纱,各纱线的喂入长度为 :富强纤维280mm/100N,涤纶270mm/100N,氨纶为110mm/100N,织造得到户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料。
实例2
多孔纳米二氧化硅的制备:
(1)将纳米二氧化硅和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮按摩尔比为1:10混合后放入油浴锅中,升高油浴锅温度至103℃,用搅拌器以55r/min的转速搅拌反应4h,得到反应液;
(2)按体积比为1:4将质量浓度为0.1g/L的氢氧化钠溶液和上述反应液混合后装入超声振荡仪中,以35kHz的频率超声振荡反应3h,反应结束后过滤分离得到反应滤渣,放入烧结炉中以350℃的温度烧结45min,出料得到多孔纳米二氧化硅,备用;
上层油状物的制备:
按质量比为6:1:1:47将蔗糖和油酸钾、碳酸钾以及油酸甲酯混合后置于三口烧瓶中,加热升温至148℃,保温反应4h后,取出反应物静置分层18h,分离得到上层油状物;
预处理桑树皮纤维的制备:
按质量比为10:80:10:3将桑树皮纤维和质量分数为10%氢氧化钠溶液、质量分数为5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液以及硝酸镍混合后移入高温反应釜中,在170℃下,保温蒸煮处理2h,保温蒸煮处理结束后,过滤分离得到蒸煮滤渣,放入烘箱干燥后得到预处理桑树皮纤维;
自制耐磨抗皱纤维的制备:
按质量比1:15,将多孔纳米二氧化硅与上层油状物搅拌混合13min,得到混合液,将上述预处理桑树皮纤维完全浸入混合液中,加热升温至170℃,搅拌反应2h后出料,自然晾干后即得自制耐磨抗皱纤维;
户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备:
按重量份数计,称取35份涤纶纤维、55份上述自制耐磨抗皱纤维、7份氨纶纤维,将一路自制耐磨抗皱纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺与一路涤纶纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺的交替排列各路纬纱,各纱线的喂入长度为 :富强纤维300mm/100N,涤纶285mm/100N,氨纶为120mm/100N,织造得到户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料。
实例3
多孔纳米二氧化硅的制备:
(1)将纳米二氧化硅和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮按摩尔比为1:10混合后放入油浴锅中,升高油浴锅温度至105℃,用搅拌器以60r/min的转速搅拌反应5h,得到反应液;
(2)按体积比为1:4将质量浓度为0.1g/L的氢氧化钠溶液和上述反应液混合后装入超声振荡仪中,以40kHz的频率超声振荡反应4h,反应结束后过滤分离得到反应滤渣,放入烧结炉中以400℃的温度烧结50min,出料得到多孔纳米二氧化硅,备用;
上层油状物的制备:
按质量比为6:1:1:47将蔗糖和油酸钾、碳酸钾以及油酸甲酯混合后置于三口烧瓶中,加热升温至150℃,保温反应5h后,取出反应物静置分层20h,分离得到上层油状物;
预处理桑树皮纤维的制备:
按质量比为10:80:10:3将桑树皮纤维和质量分数为10%氢氧化钠溶液、质量分数为5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液以及硝酸镍混合后移入高温反应釜中,在180℃下,保温蒸煮处理3h,保温蒸煮处理结束后,过滤分离得到蒸煮滤渣,放入烘箱干燥后得到预处理桑树皮纤维;
自制耐磨抗皱纤维的制备:
按质量比1:15,将多孔纳米二氧化硅与上层油状物搅拌混合15min,得到混合液,将上述预处理桑树皮纤维完全浸入混合液中,加热升温至180℃,搅拌反应2h后出料,自然晾干后即得自制耐磨抗皱纤维;
户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备:
按重量份数计,称取40份涤纶纤维、60份上述自制耐磨抗皱纤维、8份氨纶纤维,将一路自制耐磨抗皱纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺与一路涤纶纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺的交替排列各路纬纱,各纱线的喂入长度为 :富强纤维320mm/100N,涤纶310mm/100N,氨纶为130mm/100N,织造得到户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料。
对比例1:制备方法和本发明的实例1的制备方法基本一致,唯一不同的是不用本发明制备的多孔纳米二氧化硅和上次油状物制成混合液对预处理桑树皮纤维进行浸渍反应,其他步骤相同;
对比例2:制备方法和本发明的实例1的制备方法基本一致,唯一不同的是用普通的植物纤维代替本发明制得的自制耐磨抗皱纤维,其他制备步骤都和实施例1中的步骤一样;
分别对本发明制得的户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料和对比例中制得的面料进行性能检测,检测结果如表1所示:
检测方法:
耐磨性测试:
参照GB/T 21196.2—2007《马丁代尔法织物耐磨性的测定第2部分:试样破损的测定》以及GB/T 21196.4—2007《马丁代尔法织物耐磨性的测定第4部分:外观变化的评定》在标准三级大气压下,采用YG401型平磨仪,其中,加压重锤250g,240粒/cm2砂纸,转数300。采用TG328A分析天平称取磨前与磨后的质量和厚度差,计算质量和厚度损失率。
抗皱性检测:
按照GB/T3819--1997《纺织品织物折痕回复性的测定回复角法》进行检测。
表1 性能检测结果:
由上表中检测数据可以看出,本发明的对比例1中由于没有用本发明制备的多孔纳米二氧化硅和上层油状物制成的混合液对面料进行浸渍反应,所以磨损质量损失率变大,回复角变小,对比例2中由于用普通的植物纤维代替本发明制得的自制耐磨抗皱纤维,所以最后的磨损质量损失也变大了,回复角减小,从而能够看出,本发明制得的多孔纳米二氧化硅和自制耐磨抗皱纤维的使用,的确提高了本发明户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的抗磨性能和抗皱性,具有广阔的应用前景。
Claims (1)
1.一种户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备方法,其特征在于:具体制备步骤为:
(1)多孔纳米二氧化硅的制备:
将纳米二氧化硅和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮按摩尔比为1:10混合后放入油浴锅中,升高油浴锅温度至105℃,用搅拌器以60r/min的转速搅拌反应5h,得到反应液;
按体积比为1:4将质量浓度为0.1g/L的氢氧化钠溶液和上述反应液混合后装入超声振荡仪中,以40kHz的频率超声振荡反应4h,反应结束后过滤分离得到反应滤渣,放入烧结炉中以400℃的温度烧结50min,出料得到多孔纳米二氧化硅,备用;
(2)上层油状物的制备:
按质量比为6:1:1:47将蔗糖和油酸钾、碳酸钾以及油酸甲酯混合后置于三口烧瓶中,加热升温至150℃,保温反应5h后,取出反应物静置分层20h,分离得到上层油状物;
(3)预处理桑树皮纤维的制备:
按质量比为10:80:10:3将桑树皮纤维和质量分数为10%氢氧化钠溶液、质量分数为5%的多聚磷酸钠溶液以及硝酸镍混合后移入高温反应釜中,在180℃下,保温蒸煮处理3h,保温蒸煮处理结束后,过滤分离得到蒸煮滤渣,放入烘箱干燥后得到预处理桑树皮纤维;
(4)自制耐磨抗皱纤维的制备:
按质量比1:15,将多孔纳米二氧化硅与上层油状物搅拌混合15min,得到混合液,将上述预处理桑树皮纤维完全浸入混合液中,加热升温至180℃,搅拌反应2h后出料,自然晾干后即得自制耐磨抗皱纤维;
(5)户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料的制备:
按重量份数计,称取40份涤纶纤维、60份上述自制耐磨抗皱纤维、8份氨纶纤维,将一路自制耐磨抗皱纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺与一路涤纶纤维与氨纶纤维的混纺的交替排列各路纬纱,各纱线的喂入长度为:富强纤维320mm/100N,涤纶310mm/100N,氨纶为130mm/100N,织造得到户外运动装专用抗皱耐磨面料。
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