CN112537195A - 混合动力汽车动力***及其传动方法 - Google Patents

混合动力汽车动力***及其传动方法 Download PDF

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CN112537195A
CN112537195A CN202011502111.4A CN202011502111A CN112537195A CN 112537195 A CN112537195 A CN 112537195A CN 202011502111 A CN202011502111 A CN 202011502111A CN 112537195 A CN112537195 A CN 112537195A
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gear
motor
output shaft
synchronizer
output
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顾佳鼎
徐玮
何露
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United Automotive Electronic Systems Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种混合动力汽车动力***及动力传动方法，涉及混合动力汽车技术领域。该***包括：发动机、电机、差速器、变速箱、离合器和多模混合动力切换机构，所述离合器连接所述发动机输出轴和所述变速箱输入轴，所述多模混合动力切换机构设置在所述发动机输出轴上，所述变速箱输出轴连接所述多模混合动力切换机构并后再和所述差速器连接，所述电机通过连接所述多模混合动力切换机构连接到所述发动机输出轴，所述离合器配合所述多模混合动力切换机构控制所述发动机、所述电机、所述差速器和所述变速箱的结合或分离。应用该***可实现怠速充电及其快速启动发动机、换挡扭矩补偿、行车助力、行车发电、制动能量回收或纯电动工作模式。

Description

混合动力汽车动力***及其传动方法
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力汽车技术领域，特别涉及一种混合动力汽车动力***及其传动方法。
背景技术
随着油耗和排放法规的日益严格，汽车的经济性和排放性能需要不断提升。混合动力汽车作为一种有效、可靠的新能源汽车解决方法，具有较强的节能减排能力及广阔的市场前景。
目前的混合动力***结构类型主要包含P1，P2，P3等不同类型。电机安装在发动机和变速器之间，且电机与发动机没有解耦的混合动力***(以下简称为P1型混合动力***)；电机安装在发动机和变速器之间，且电机通过离合器与发动机解耦(离合器断开，电机与发动机分开)的混合动力***(以下简称为P2型混合动力***)，电机安装在变速器和差速器之间的混合动力***(以下简称为P3型混合动力***)。
对于P1型混合动力***，电机与发动机机械耦合，可以实现怠速充电，并在该过程中快速启动发动机，但由于电机与发动机之间无脱开装置，无法实现纯电动模式，也无法实现换挡过程中的扭矩补偿，并且制动能量回收时受限于发动机的倒拖阻力，***效率较低。
对于P2型混合动力***，可以实现怠速充电以及纯电动行驶，但由于电机与发动机保持固定速比，电机的效率受限，并且由于轴向空间布置的限制，电机的功率一般比较小，中高速段的纯电动模式实现较为困难。
对于P3型混合动力***，电机与变速箱的输出轴耦合，电机与驱动轮保持固定速比，可以实现纯电动模式以及换挡过程扭矩补偿，减小切换过程中动力中断，但由于与车轮端无脱开装置，无法在整车电池馈电时实现怠速充电；由于P3型混合动力***的电机输出档位仅包含一个档位，无法覆盖电机较宽的速比范围与减小电机的体积，电机的效率低，难以实现减小电机的体积及保证电机在高效区运行。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种混合动力汽车动力***及其传动方法，使搭载多模切换机构的混合动力汽车的动力***继承P1、P2和P3型混合动力***的优点，可以实现怠速充电，并在该过程中快速启动发动机，可以实现换挡过程中的扭矩补偿，可以实现行车助力和行车发电，可以实现制动能量回收，可实现纯电动模式等技术优势，同时克服了电机输出档位仅包含一个档位，无法覆盖较宽的调速范围，电驱***效率低，难以实现减小电机的体积及保证电机在高效区运行的技术问题。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种混合动力汽车动力***，包括：发动机、电机、差速器、变速箱、离合器和多模混合动力切换机构；
所述发动机上设置有发动机输出轴，所述发动机为所述混合动力汽车的动力***提供扭矩输出；
所述变速箱中设置有变速箱输出轴和变速箱输入轴，用于控制所述混合动力汽车的动力***的扭矩输出；
所述离合器连接所述发动机输出轴和所述变速箱输入轴，使所述发动机输出轴和所述变速箱输入轴结合或分离；
所述多模混合动力切换机构设置在所述发动机输出轴上，所述变速箱输出轴连接所述多模混合动力切换机构后再和所述差速器连接，用于输出动力和发电的所述电机通过连接所述多模混合动力切换机构连接到所述发动机输出轴，所述离合器配合所述多模混合动力切换机构控制所述发动机、所述电机和所述差速器之间的扭矩传递。
可选的，用于输出动力和发电的所述电机还可以通过连接所述多模混合动力切换机构连接到所述变速箱输出轴。
可选的，所述多模混合动力切换机构包括：空套在所述电机输出轴上的电机输出齿轮、空套在所述发动机输出轴上的输入轴齿轮、空套在所述变速箱输出轴上的输出轴齿轮、设置在所述电机输出轴上的电机同步器、设置在所述发动机输出轴上的输入轴同步器以及设置在所述变速箱输出轴上的输出轴同步器；
所述电机同步器可与所述电机输出齿轮结合或分离，控制所述电机输出齿轮和所述电机输出轴结合或分离；所述输入轴同步器可与所述输入轴齿轮结合或分离，控制所述发动机输出轴和所述输入轴齿轮结合或分离；所述输出轴同步器可与所述输出轴齿轮结合或分离，控制所述变速器输出轴和所述输出轴齿轮结合或分离；所述电机输出齿轮和所述输入轴齿轮啮合，所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮啮合。
可选的，所述电机输出齿轮、所在输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮均为两个，分别设置在各自对应的同步器两侧，设置在所述发动机一侧的第一电机输出齿轮、第一输入轴齿轮和第一输出轴齿轮组成第一齿轮组，设置在所述变速箱一侧的第二电机输出齿轮、第二输入轴齿轮和第二输出轴齿轮组成第二齿轮组，所述第一齿轮组和所述第二齿轮组传动比不同。
此外，为达到上述目的，本发明还提供了一种混合动力汽车动力***传动方法，所述混合动力汽车动力***传动方法使用上述混合动力汽车动力***，所述离合器配合所述电机同步器、所述输入轴同步器和所述输出轴同步器控制所述发动机、所述电机和所述差速器之间的扭矩传递，实现混合动力汽车动力***在怠速充电、怠速充电快速启动、换挡过程扭矩补偿、行车助力、行车发电、制动能量回收或者纯电动工作模式下进行动力传动。
可选的，所述混合动力汽车动力***动力传动包括怠速充电工作模式，当整车处于怠速充电模式时，所述离合器断开，所述输出轴同步器不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器和所述第一电机输出齿轮结合且所述输入轴同步器和所述第一输入轴齿轮结合，或者所述电机同步器和所述第二电机输出齿轮结合且所述输入轴同步器和所述第二输入轴齿轮结合，此时整车无输出动力，所述发动机通过所述输入轴齿轮带动所述电机输出齿轮运转，进而带动电机进行怠速发电。
可选的，所述混合动力汽车动力***动力传动包括怠速充电快速启动车辆工作模式，当整车处于怠速充电模式接收启动指令时，所述离合器缓慢结合，同时所述变速箱的一档齿轮与对应的同步器结合，所述发动机的输出扭矩经过所述变速箱带动车辆实现快速启动。
可选的，所述混合动力汽车动力***动力传动包括换挡过程扭矩补偿工作模式，当整车处于换挡过程中时，所述输入轴同步器不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器和所述第一电机输出齿轮结合且所述输出轴同步器和所述第一输出轴齿轮结合，或者所述电机同步器和所述第二电机输出齿轮结合且所述输出轴同步器和所述第二输出轴齿轮结合，所述电机的输出扭矩经过所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和输出轴齿轮传递到所述差速器连接的轮端。
可选的，所述混合动力汽车动力***动力传动包括行车助力和行车发电工作模式，当整车处于行车助力工作模式时，所述输入轴同步器不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器和所述第一电机输出齿轮结合且所述输出轴同步器和第一输出轴齿轮结合，或者所述电机同步器和所述第二电机输出齿轮结合且所述输出轴同步器和第二输出轴齿轮结合，所述电机的输出扭矩经所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮传递到所述差速器连接的轮端；
当整车处于行车发电工作模式时，所述输出轴同步器不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器和所述第一电机输出齿轮结合且所述输入轴同步器和第一输入轴齿轮结合，或者所述电机同步器和所述第二电机输入齿轮结合且所述输入轴同步器和第二输入轴齿轮结合，所述发动机的额外扭矩经所述电机输出齿轮传动到所述电机发电。
可选的，所述混合动力汽车动力***传动包括制动能量回收工作模式，制动时，所述离合器断开，所述输入轴同步器不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器和所述第一电机输出齿轮结合且所述输出轴同步器和第一输出轴齿轮结合，或者所述电机同步器和所述第二电机输出齿轮结合且所述输入轴同步器和第二输出轴齿轮结合，轮端的动力经所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮传递所述电机发电。
可选的，所述混合动力汽车动力***传动包括纯电动工作模式，当整车处于纯电动工作模式时，所述离合器断开，所述输入轴同步器不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器和所述第一电机输出齿轮结合且所述输出轴同步器和第一输出轴齿轮结合，或者所述电机同步器和所述第二电机输出齿轮结合且所述输入轴同步器和第二输出轴齿轮结合，所述电机的输出扭矩经所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮传递至所述差速器连接的轮端。
本发明的混合动力汽车动力***搭载多模切换机构，兼具P1、P2和P3型混合动力***的优点，可以实现怠速充电并在该过程中快速启动发动机，可以实现换挡过程中的扭矩补偿，可以实现行车助力和行车发电，可以实现制动能量回收，可实现纯电动等工作模式。
附图说明
图1是本发明一实施例提供的混合动力汽车动力***结构示意图；
图2是本发明一实施例提供的电机接入点为变速箱输出轴的混合动力汽车动力***结构示意图；
图3是本发明一实施例提供混合动力汽车动力***怠速充电工作模式示意图；
图4是本发明一实施例提供混合动力汽车动力***换挡过程扭矩补偿工作模式示意图；
其中：10-发动机，11-发动机输出轴，20电机，21-电机输出轴，30-差速器，40-变速箱，41-变速箱输入轴，42-变速箱输出轴，50-离合器，60-多模混合动力切换机构，61-第一电机输出齿轮，62-第二电机输出齿轮，63-第一输入轴齿轮，64-第二输入轴齿轮，65-第一输出轴齿轮，66-第二输出轴齿轮，67-电机同步器，68-输入轴同步器，69-输出轴同步器。
具体实施方式
下面将结合示意图对本发明的具体实施方式进行更详细的描述。根据下列描述和权利要求书，本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。需说明的是，附图均采用非常简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。
本实施例提供一种混合动力汽车动力***，所述混合动力汽车动力***兼具P1、P2和P3型混合动力***的优点，可以实现怠速充电并在该过程中快速启动发动机，可以实现换挡过程中的扭矩补偿，可以实现行车助力和行车发电，可以实现制动能量回收，可实现纯电动等工作模式。
图1是本发明一实施例提供的混合动力汽车动力***结构示意图。如图1所示，所述混合动力汽车动力***包括：发动机10、电机20、差速器30、变速箱40、离合器50和多模混合动力切换机构60；所述发动机10上设置有发动机输出轴11，所述发动机10用于为所述混合动力汽车的动力***提供扭矩输出；所述变速箱40中设置有变速箱输出轴42和变速箱输入轴41，用于控制所述混合动力汽车的动力***的扭矩输出；所述离合器50连接所述发动机输出轴11和所述变速箱输入轴41，使所述发动机输出轴11和所述变速箱输入轴41结合或分离；所述多模混合动力切换机构60设置在所述发动机输出轴11上，所述变速箱输出轴41连接所述多模混合动力切换机构60后再和所述差速器30连接，用于输出动力和发电的所述电机20通过连接所述多模混合动力切换机构60连接到所述发动机输出轴11，所述离合器50配合所述多模混合动力切换机构60控制所述发动机10、所述电机20和所述差速器30之间的扭矩传递。
图2是本发明一实施例提供的电机接入点为变速箱输出轴的混合动力汽车动力***结构示意图。如图2所示，用于输出动力和发电的所述电机20还可以通过连接所述多模混合动力切换机构60连接到所述变速箱输出轴42。容易理解的是，本实施例中，图2所示的电机接入点为变速箱输出轴的混合动力汽车动力***结构相比于图1所示的混合动力汽车动力***结构仅仅改变了所述电机接入点位置，其他结构相同或相似。
更进一步的，如图1所示，所述多模混合动力切换机构60包括：空套在所述电机输出轴21上的电机输出齿轮、空套在所述发动机输出轴11上的输入轴齿轮、空套在所述变速箱输出轴42上的输出轴齿轮、设置在所述电机输出轴21上的电机同步器67、设置在所述发动机输出轴11上的输入轴同步器68以及设置在所述变速箱输出轴42上的输出轴同步器69。所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮均空套在各自对应的轴上，在无其他结构联动的情况下，不随各自对应的轴运动。所述电机同步器67可与所述电机输出齿轮结合或分离，控制所述电机输出齿轮和所述电机输出轴67结合或分离；所述输入轴同步器68可与所述输入轴齿轮结合或分离，控制所述发动机输出轴11和所述输入轴齿轮结合或分离；所述输出轴同步器69可与所述输出轴齿轮结合或分离，控制所述变速器输出轴42和所述输出轴齿轮结合或分离。所述电机输出齿轮和所述输入轴齿轮啮合，所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮啮合。
更进一步的，如图1所示，所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮均为两个，分别设置在各自对应的同步器两侧，设置在所述发动机10一侧的第一电机输出齿轮61、第一输入轴齿轮63和第一输出轴齿轮65组成第一齿轮组，设置在所述变速箱40一侧的第二电机输出齿轮62、第二输入轴齿轮64和第二输出轴齿轮66组成第二齿轮组，所述第一齿轮组和所述第二齿轮组传动比不同。所述第一齿轮组和所述第二齿轮组设置不同的传动比，克服了电机输出档位仅包含一个档位，无法覆盖较宽的调速范围，电驱***效率低，难以实现减小电机的体积及保证电机在高效区运行的技术问题。
本实施例还提供一种混合动力汽车动力***传动方法，所述混合动力汽车动力***传动方法使用上述混合动力汽车动力***，所述离合器50配合所述电机同步器67、所述输入轴同步器68和所述输出轴同步器69控制所述发动机10、所述电机20和所述差速器30之间的扭矩传递，实现混合动力汽车动力***在怠速充电、怠速充电快速启动、换挡过程扭矩补偿、行车助力、行车发电、制动能量回收或者纯电动工作模式下进行动力传动。
图3是本发明一实施例提供混合动力汽车动力***怠速充电工作模式示意图。所述混合动力汽车动力***动力传动包括怠速充电工作模式，当整车处于怠速充电工作模式时，所述离合器50断开，所述输出轴同步器69不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器67和所述第一电机输出齿轮61结合且所述输入轴同步器68和所述第一输入轴齿轮63结合，或者所述电机同步器67和所述第二电机输出齿轮62结合且所述输入轴同步器68和所述第二输入轴齿轮64结合，此时整车无输出动力，所述发动机10通过所述输入轴齿轮带动所述电机输出齿轮运转，进而带动所述电机20进行怠速发电。
更进一步的，所述混合动力汽车动力***动力传动包括怠速充电快速启动车辆工作模式，当整车处于怠速充电模式接收到启动指令时，所述离合器缓慢结合，同时所述变速箱的一档齿轮与对应的同步器结合，所述发动机10的输出扭矩经过所述变速箱40带动车辆实现快速启动。
图4是本发明一实施例提供混合动力汽车动力***换挡过程扭矩补偿工作模式示意图。如图4所示，所述混合动力汽车动力***动力传动包括换挡过程扭矩补偿工作模式，当整车处于换挡过程中时，所述输入轴同步器68不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器67和所述第一电机输出齿轮61结合且所述输出轴同步器69和所述第一输出轴齿轮65结合，或者所述电机同步器67和所述第二电机输出齿轮62结合且所述输出轴同步器69和所述第二输出轴齿轮66结合，所述电机20的输出扭矩经过所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和输出轴齿轮传递到所述差速器30连接的轮端。
在本实施例中，所述混合动力汽车动力***动力传动包括行车助力和行车发电工作模式，当整车处于行车助力工作模式时，所述输入轴同步器68不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器67和所述第一电机输出齿轮61结合且所述输出轴同步器69和第一输出轴齿轮65结合，或者所述电机同步器67和所述第二电机输出齿轮62结合且所述输出轴同步器69和第二输出轴齿轮66结合，此时所示多模混合动力切换机构状态和其在图4中状态相同，所述电机20的输出扭矩经所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮传递到所述差速器30连接的轮端；
当整车处于行车发电工作模式时，所述输出轴同步器69不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器67和所述第一电机输出齿轮61结合且所述输入轴同步器68和第一输入轴齿轮63结合，或者所述电机同步器67和所述第二电机输入齿轮62结合且所述输入轴同步器68和第二输入轴齿轮64结合，此时所示多模混合动力切换机构状态和其在图3中状态相同，所述发动机10的额外扭矩经所述电机输出齿轮传动到所述电机20发电。
在本实施例中，所述混合动力汽车动力***传动包括制动能量回收工作模式，制动时，所述离合器50断开，所述输入轴同步器68不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器67和所述第一电机输出齿轮61结合且所述输出轴同步器69和所述第一输出轴齿轮65结合，或者所述电机同步器67和所述第二电机输出齿轮62结合且所述输出轴同步器69和所述第二输出轴齿轮66结合，此时所示多模混合动力切换机构状态和其在图4中状态相同，轮端的动力经所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮传递到所述电机20发电。
在本实施例中，所述混合动力汽车动力***传动包括纯电动工作模式，当整车处于纯电动工作模式时，所述离合器50断开，所述输入轴同步器68不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器67和所述第一电机输出齿轮61结合且所述输出轴同步器69和所述第一输出轴齿轮65结合，或者所述电机同步器67和所述第二电机输出齿轮62结合且所述输出轴同步器69和所述第二输出轴齿轮66结合，所述发动机10无扭矩输出，所述电机20的输出扭矩经所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮传递至所述差速器30连接的轮端。
综上所述，在本发明实施例提供的一种混合动力汽车动力***中，所述混合动力汽车动力***包括：发动机、电机、差速器、变速箱、离合器和多模混合动力切换机构。所述离合器连接所述发动机输出轴和所述变速箱输入轴，所述多模混合动力切换机构设置在所述发动机输出轴上，所述变速箱输出轴连接所述多模混合动力切换机构并后再和所述差速器连接，所述电机通过连接所述多模混合动力切换机构连接到所述发动机输出轴。所述多模混合动力切换机构包括：空套在所述电机输出轴上的电机输出齿轮、空套在所述发动机输出轴上的输入轴齿轮、空套在所述变速箱输出轴上的输出轴齿轮、设置在所述电机输出轴上的电机同步器、设置在所述发动机输出轴上的输入轴同步器以及设置在所述变速箱输出轴上的输出轴同步器。所述电机输出齿轮、所在输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮分为两组，分别设置在各自对应的同步器两侧，两组齿轮组传动比不同。应用上述混合动力汽车动力***可实现怠速充电、怠速充电快速启动车辆、换挡过程扭矩补偿、行车助力、行车发电、制动能量回收以及纯电动工作模式。
上述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不对本发明起到任何限制作用。任何所属技术领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的技术方案的范围内，对本发明揭露的技术方案和技术内容做任何形式的等同替换或修改等变动，均属未脱离本发明的技术方案的内容，仍属于本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

1.一种混合动力汽车动力***，其特征在于，包括：发动机、电机、差速器、变速箱、离合器和多模混合动力切换机构；
所述发动机上设置有发动机输出轴，所述发动机为所述混合动力汽车的动力***提供扭矩输出；
所述变速箱中设置有变速箱输出轴和变速箱输入轴，用于控制所述混合动力汽车的动力***的扭矩输出；
所述离合器连接所述发动机输出轴和所述变速箱输入轴，使所述发动机输出轴和所述变速箱输入轴结合或分离；
所述多模混合动力切换机构设置在所述发动机输出轴上，所述变速箱输出轴连接所述多模混合动力切换机构后再和所述差速器连接，用于输出动力和发电的所述电机通过连接所述多模混合动力切换机构连接到所述发动机输出轴，所述离合器配合所述多模混合动力切换机构控制所述发动机、所述电机和所述差速器之间的扭矩传递。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力汽车动力***，其特征在于，用于输出动力和发电的所述电机还可以通过连接所述多模混合动力切换机构连接到所述变速箱输出轴。
3.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力汽车动力***，其特征在于，所述多模混合动力切换机构包括：空套在所述电机输出轴上的电机输出齿轮、空套在所述发动机输出轴上的输入轴齿轮、空套在所述变速箱输出轴上的输出轴齿轮、设置在所述电机输出轴上的电机同步器、设置在所述发动机输出轴上的输入轴同步器以及设置在所述变速箱输出轴上的输出轴同步器；
所述电机同步器可与所述电机输出齿轮结合或分离，控制所述电机输出齿轮和所述电机输出轴结合或分离；所述输入轴同步器可与所述输入轴齿轮结合或分离，控制所述发动机输出轴和所述输入轴齿轮结合或分离；所述输出轴同步器可与所述输出轴齿轮结合或分离，控制所述变速器输出轴和所述输出轴齿轮结合或分离；所述电机输出齿轮和所述输入轴齿轮啮合，所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮啮合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力汽车动力***，其特征在于，所述电机输出齿轮、所在输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮均为两个，分别设置在各自对应的同步器两侧，设置在所述发动机一侧的第一电机输出齿轮、第一输入轴齿轮和第一输出轴齿轮组成第一齿轮组，设置在所述变速箱一侧的第二电机输出齿轮、第二输入轴齿轮和第二输出轴齿轮组成第二齿轮组，所述第一齿轮组和所述第二齿轮组传动比不同。
5.一种混合动力汽车动力***传动方法，其特征在于，所述混合动力汽车动力***传动方法使用根据权利要求4所述的混合动力汽车动力***，所述离合器配合所述电机同步器、所述输入轴同步器和所述输出轴同步器控制所述发动机、所述电机和所述差速器之间的扭矩传递，实现混合动力汽车动力***在怠速充电、怠速充电快速启动、换挡过程扭矩补偿、行车助力、行车发电、制动能量回收或者纯电动工作模式下进行动力传动。
6.根据权利要求5所述的混合动力汽车动力***传动方法，其特征在于，所述混合动力汽车动力***动力传动包括怠速充电工作模式，当整车处于怠速充电模式时，所述离合器断开，所述输出轴同步器不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器和所述第一电机输出齿轮结合且所述输入轴同步器和所述第一输入轴齿轮结合，或者所述电机同步器和所述第二电机输出齿轮结合且所述输入轴同步器和所述第二输入轴齿轮结合，此时整车无输出动力，所述发动机通过所述输入轴齿轮带动所述电机输出齿轮运转，进而带动电机进行怠速发电。
7.根据权利要求6所述的混合动力汽车动力***传动方法，其特征在于，所述混合动力汽车动力***动力传动包括怠速充电快速启动车辆工作模式，当整车处于怠速充电模式接收到启动指令时，所述离合器缓慢结合，同时所述变速箱的一档齿轮与对应的同步器结合，所述发动机的输出扭矩经过所述变速箱带动车辆实现快速启动。
8.根据权利要求5所述的混合动力汽车动力***传动方法，其特征在于，所述混合动力汽车动力***动力传动包括换挡过程扭矩补偿工作模式，当整车处于换挡过程中时，所述输入轴同步器不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器和所述第一电机输出齿轮结合且所述输出轴同步器和所述第一输出轴齿轮结合，或者所述电机同步器和所述第二电机输出齿轮结合且所述输出轴同步器和所述第二输出轴齿轮结合，所述电机的输出扭矩经过所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和输出轴齿轮传递到所述差速器连接的轮端。
9.根据权利要求5所述的混合动力汽车动力***传动方法，其特征在于，所述混合动力汽车动力***动力传动包括行车助力和行车发电工作模式，当整车处于行车助力工作模式时，所述输入轴同步器不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器和所述第一电机输出齿轮结合且所述输出轴同步器和第一输出轴齿轮结合，或者所述电机同步器和所述第二电机输出齿轮结合且所述输出轴同步器和第二输出轴齿轮结合，所述电机的输出扭矩经所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮传递到所述差速器连接的轮端；
当整车处于行车发电工作模式时，所述输出轴同步器不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器和所述第一电机输出齿轮结合且所述输入轴同步器和第一输入轴齿轮结合，或者所述电机同步器和所述第二电机输入齿轮结合且所述输入轴同步器和第二输入轴齿轮结合，所述发动机的额外扭矩经所述电机输出齿轮传动到所述电机发电。
10.根据权利要求5所述的混合动力汽车动力***传动方法，其特征在于，所述混合动力汽车动力***传动包括制动能量回收工作模式，制动时，所述离合器断开，所述输入轴同步器不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器和所述第一电机输出齿轮结合且所述输出轴同步器和第一输出轴齿轮结合，或者所述电机同步器和所述第二电机输出齿轮结合且所述输入轴同步器和第二输出轴齿轮结合，轮端的动力经所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮传递所述电机发电。
11.根据权利要求5所述的混合动力汽车动力***传动方法，其特征在于，所述混合动力汽车动力***传动包括纯电动工作模式，当整车处于纯电动工作模式时，所述离合器断开，所述输入轴同步器不挂档，处于中间状态，所述电机同步器和所述第一电机输出齿轮结合且所述输出轴同步器和第一输出轴齿轮结合，或者所述电机同步器和所述第二电机输出齿轮结合且所述输入轴同步器和第二输出轴齿轮结合，所述电机的输出扭矩经所述电机输出齿轮、所述输入轴齿轮和所述输出轴齿轮传递至所述差速器连接的轮端。
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