CN112523805B - Micro-air pressure wave dissipation system and method for high-speed train to pass through tunnel - Google Patents
Micro-air pressure wave dissipation system and method for high-speed train to pass through tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN112523805B CN112523805B CN202011301529.9A CN202011301529A CN112523805B CN 112523805 B CN112523805 B CN 112523805B CN 202011301529 A CN202011301529 A CN 202011301529A CN 112523805 B CN112523805 B CN 112523805B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention relates to a micro-air pressure wave dissipation system and a method for a high-speed train to pass through a tunnel, wherein the system comprises a sensor, a detection component and a horn; the sensor is positioned at the entrance of the tunnel, and is triggered when the train passes through the entrance, so as to record the time of the train passing through the entrance and transmit a signal to the horn; the detection component is positioned at the exit of the tunnel and used for detecting the frequency, the amplitude and the phase of the micro-pressure wave, simultaneously recording the time of detecting the micro-pressure wave and transmitting the data to the loudspeaker; the loudspeaker is positioned at the exit of the tunnel, and sends out corresponding sound waves to counteract micro-pressure waves according to data sent by the sensor and the detection component. The invention utilizes the mode of actively sending sound waves to eliminate the micro-pressure waves on the propagation path, does not need to change the original structure of the tunnel, and has simpler and more convenient construction and design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a micro-air pressure wave dissipation system and a micro-air pressure wave dissipation method for a high-speed train to pass through a tunnel.
Background
When the high-speed train rushes into the tunnel, compression waves are generated in front of the high-speed train and are transmitted forwards in the tunnel. As the high-speed train continuously drives into the tunnel, the pressure in the tunnel is also continuously increased, and the wavefront pressure gradient of the compression wave is also continuously increased. When the compression wave reaches the tunnel exit, the compression wave is reflected to the entrance to form expansion wave, and simultaneously, a pulse wave is radiated from the tunnel exit to the surrounding area, and the pulse-shaped shock wave is micro-pressure wave and emits explosion sound, so that nearby buildings and the like are rapidly vibrated to make sound, and noise is formed.
The technical means adopted for relieving the micro-pressure waves at present mainly comprise the following steps: 1. arranging openings at the top and the side parts of the tunnel open cut tunnel to be used as a buffer structure; 2. constructing a section enlarging or bell mouth type buffer structure outside the tunnel; 3. arranging a sound absorption material in the tunnel; 4. and (4) building energy dissipation structures such as vertical shafts, transverse channels, auxiliary tunnels and the like in the tunnel. Among these means: the buffering structure arranged at the opening has an unobvious slowing-down effect, and if a large ballastless track tunnel with a micro-pressure wave excitation effect exists, an expected slowing-down effect cannot be achieved; the tunnel is inside to set up sound absorbing material, builds structures such as shaft, cross passage, supplementary gallery in the tunnel and increases cost and the construction degree of difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a micro-air pressure wave dissipation system and a micro-air pressure wave dissipation method for a high-speed train to pass through a tunnel.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the micro-pressure wave dissipation system for the high-speed train to pass through the tunnel is characterized in that:
the system comprises a sensor 7, a detection component 8 and a loudspeaker 4;
the sensor 7 is positioned at the entrance of the tunnel, is triggered when the train passes through and is used for recording the time when the train passes through the entrance and transmitting a signal to the loudspeaker 4;
the detection component 8 is positioned at the exit of the tunnel and is used for detecting the frequency, amplitude and phase of the micro-pressure wave, simultaneously recording the time of detecting the micro-pressure wave and transmitting the data to the loudspeaker 4;
the loudspeaker 4 is positioned at the exit of the tunnel, and sends out corresponding sound waves to counteract micro-pressure waves according to data sent by the sensor 7 and the detection component 8.
The sensor 7 is an infrared sensor, when the train passes through the sensor 7, the sensor 7 is triggered to respond immediately, and the triggering time is sent to the loudspeaker 4.
The detection component 8 is a sound wave receiver, collects the frequency, amplitude and phase of the micro-pressure wave, records the time for monitoring the micro-pressure wave, and sends the micro-pressure wave to the loudspeaker 4.
The loudspeakers 4 are positioned on two sides of the tunnel outlet, the elevation of the loudspeakers is the same as that of the center of the tunnel, and sound waves are emitted to offset micro-pressure waves.
The loudspeaker 4 comprises a processor for data calculation, a data receiver for data reception and a sound generator;
the data receiver receives the data sent by the sensor 7 and the detection part 8, transmits the data to the processor for calculation, and then controls the sound wave generator to emit corresponding sound waves.
The micro-air pressure wave dissipation method for the high-speed train to pass through the tunnel is characterized in that:
the acoustic waves and the micro-pressure waves are actively generated by using a horn arranged at the exit of the tunnel to interfere with each other and offset each other, so that the aim of dissipating the micro-pressure waves is fulfilled.
The method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: data acquisition is carried out, a detection component 8 is arranged at a tunnel outlet, a sensor 7 is arranged at a tunnel inlet, when a train passes through the sensor 7, time t1 is recorded, when the detection component 8 monitors a micro-pressure wave at the outlet, time t2 is recorded, and the frequency, amplitude and phase of the micro-pressure wave are detected;
step two: calculating a micro-pressure wave vibration function according to the sensor 7 and the detection part 8, and then setting a vibration function of sound waves emitted by the loudspeaker 4 according to the micro-pressure wave vibration function;
step three: when the train passes through the sensor 7 again, the sensor 7 sends a signal to enable the loudspeaker 4 to generate sound waves set in the second step after t2-t1, the vibration function of the sound waves sent by the loudspeaker 4 is different from the vibration function of the micro-pressure waves in a pi phase, and wave crests and wave troughs are mutually offset, so that the aim of dissipating the micro-pressure waves is fulfilled.
Calculating a micro-pressure wave vibration function according to the sensor 7 and the detection part 8, wherein the obtained micro-pressure wave vibration function is as follows:
Y 1 ＝A sin(2πft+φ)
wherein:
a-amplitude; f-frequency; phi-phase; t-time; the sensor 7 sends a signal to signal the loudspeaker 4 to generate sound waves set in the step two after t2-t 1.
The function of the sound wave emitted by the horn 4 determined from the micro-pressure wave vibration function is:
Y 2 ＝A sin(2πft+φ+π)
a-amplitude; f-frequency; phi-phase; t-time; the sensor 7 sends a signal to signal the loudspeaker 4 to generate sound waves set in the second step after t2-t 1;
Y 2 in a functionA-amplitude, f-frequency, phi-phase and Y of 1 Equality in function.
The sensor 7 and the speaker 4 are connected by wire or wirelessly.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention utilizes the mode of actively sending out sound waves to eliminate the micro-pressure waves on the propagation path.
2. The invention does not need to change the original structure of the tunnel, and the construction and design are simpler and more convenient.
3. The invention has simple structure and convenient maintenance.
4. The calculation method can realize adjustment according to the speed per hour of the train and different tunnel characteristics, and has strong flexibility.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the micro-pressure wave of the present invention when not dissipated;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the dissipation of the micro-pressure waves of the present invention;
the labels in the figure are: a train 1; a tunnel 2; a roadbed 3; a loudspeaker 4; micro-pressure waves 5; a bracket 6; a sensor 7; a detection section 8; sound waves 9.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The invention relates to a micro-air pressure wave dissipation system for a high-speed train to pass through a tunnel, which comprises a sensor 7, a detection component 8 and a loudspeaker 4; the sensor 7 is positioned at the entrance of the tunnel, is triggered when the train passes through and is used for recording the time when the train passes through the entrance and transmitting a signal to the loudspeaker 4; the detection component 8 is positioned at the exit of the tunnel and is used for detecting the frequency, amplitude and phase of the micro-pressure wave, simultaneously recording the time of detecting the micro-pressure wave and transmitting the data to the loudspeaker 4; the loudspeaker 4 is positioned at the exit of the tunnel, and sends out corresponding sound waves to counteract micro-pressure waves according to data sent by the sensor 7 and the detection component 8.
In the system:
the sensor 7 is an infrared sensor and a non-contact sensor, when the train passes through the sensor 7, the sensor 7 is triggered to respond immediately, and the triggering time is sent to the loudspeaker 4.
The detection component 8 is a sound wave receiver, collects the frequency, amplitude and phase of the micro-pressure wave, records the time for monitoring the micro-pressure wave, and sends the micro-pressure wave to the loudspeaker 4.
The loudspeakers 4 are positioned on two sides of the tunnel outlet, the elevation of the loudspeakers is the same as that of the center of the tunnel, and sound waves are emitted to offset micro-pressure waves. The loudspeaker 4 is arranged on the bracket 6 and is arranged on the roadbed 3 outside the tunnel portal. The loudspeaker 4 comprises a processor for data calculation, a data receiver for data reception and a sound generator; the data receiver receives the data sent by the sensor 7 and the detection part 8, transmits the data to the processor for calculation, and then controls the sound wave generator to emit corresponding sound waves.
The sensor 7 and the speaker 4 are connected by wire or wirelessly.
The micro-air pressure wave dissipation method for the high-speed train to pass through the tunnel based on the system comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: data acquisition is carried out, a detection component 8 is arranged at a tunnel outlet, a sensor 7 is arranged at a tunnel inlet, when a train passes through the sensor 7, time t1 is recorded, when the detection component 8 monitors a micro-pressure wave at the outlet, time t2 is recorded, and the frequency, amplitude and phase of the micro-pressure wave are detected;
step two: calculating a micro-pressure wave vibration function according to the sensor 7 and the detection part 8, and then setting a vibration function of sound waves emitted by the loudspeaker 4 according to the micro-pressure wave vibration function;
step three: when the train passes the sensor 7 again, the sensor 7 sends a signal to enable the loudspeaker 4 to generate the sound wave set in the second step after t2-t1, the vibration function of the sound wave sent by the loudspeaker 4 is different from the vibration function of the micro-pressure wave by pi phase, and the wave crest and the wave trough are mutually offset, so that the purpose of dissipating the micro-pressure wave is achieved.
Calculating a micro-pressure wave vibration function according to the sensor 7 and the detection part 8, wherein the obtained micro-pressure wave vibration function is as follows:
Y 1 ＝A sin(2πft+φ)
wherein:
a-amplitude; f-frequency; phi-phase; t-time; the sensor 7 sends a signal to enable the loudspeaker 4 to generate sound waves set in the second step after t2-t 1.
The function of the sound wave emitted by the loudspeaker 4 determined according to the vibration function of the micro-pressure wave is as follows:
Y 2 ＝A sin(2πft+φ+π)
a-amplitude; f-frequency; phi-phase; t-time; the sensor 7 sends a signal to enable the loudspeaker 4 to generate sound waves set in the second step after t2-t 1.
Y 2 A-amplitude, f-frequency, phi-phase and Y in function 1 Equality in function.
The invention is not limited to the examples, and any equivalent changes to the technical solution of the invention by a person skilled in the art after reading the description of the invention are covered by the claims of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The micro-air pressure wave dissipation method for the high-speed train to pass through the tunnel is characterized in that:
utilize the loudspeaker initiative emergence sound wave that the tunnel exit set up to interfere with little atmospheric pressure wave, offset each other, reach the purpose of dissipating little atmospheric pressure wave, include the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: data acquisition is carried out, a detection component (8) is arranged at a tunnel outlet, a sensor (7) is arranged at a tunnel inlet, when a train passes through the sensor (7), time t1 is recorded, when the detection component (8) detects a microwave pressure wave at the outlet, time t2 is recorded, and the frequency, amplitude and phase of the microwave pressure wave are detected;
step two: calculating a micro-pressure wave vibration function according to the sensor (7) and the detection component (8), and then setting a vibration function of sound waves emitted by the loudspeaker (4) according to the micro-pressure wave vibration function;
step three: when the train passes through the sensor (7) again, the sensor (7) sends a signal to enable the loudspeaker (4) to generate sound waves set in the second step after (t 2-t 1), the vibration function of the sound waves sent by the loudspeaker (4) and the vibration function of the micro-pressure waves have a pi phase difference, and the wave crests and the wave troughs are mutually offset, so that the purpose of dissipating the micro-pressure waves is achieved.
2. The micro-air pressure wave dissipation method for the high-speed train to pass through the tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that:
calculating a micro-pressure wave vibration function according to the sensor (7) and the detection component (8), wherein the obtained micro-pressure wave vibration function is as follows:
Y 1 ＝Asin(2πft+φ)
wherein:
a-amplitude; f-frequency; phi-phase; t-time; the sensor (7) sends out a signal to enable the loudspeaker (4) to generate sound waves set in the second step after t2-t 1.
3. The micro-pressure wave dissipation method for high-speed train passing through tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the function of the sound wave sent out by the loudspeaker (4) determined according to the vibration function of the micro-pressure wave is as follows:
Y 2 ＝Asin(2πft+φ+π)
a-amplitude; f-frequency; phi-phase; t-time; the sensor (7) sends a signal to enable the loudspeaker (4) to generate sound waves set in the second step after t2-t 1;
Y 2 a-amplitude, f-frequency, phi-phase and Y in function 1 Equality in function.
4. The micro-air pressure wave dissipation method for the high-speed train to pass through the tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the sensor (7) is connected with the loudspeaker (4) in a wired or wireless way.
5. The micro-air pressure wave dissipation method for the high-speed train to pass through the tunnel according to claim 1, which adopts a micro-air pressure wave dissipation system, and is characterized in that:
the system comprises a sensor (7), a detection component (8) and a loudspeaker (4);
the sensor (7) is positioned at the entrance of the tunnel, and is triggered when the train passes through the entrance to record the time of the train passing through the entrance and transmit a signal to the loudspeaker (4);
the detection component (8) is positioned at the exit of the tunnel and is used for detecting the frequency, amplitude and phase of the micro-pressure wave, simultaneously recording the time of detecting the micro-pressure wave and transmitting the data to the loudspeaker (4);
the loudspeaker (4) is positioned at the exit of the tunnel, and sends out corresponding sound waves to counteract the micro-pressure waves according to the data sent by the sensor (7) and the detection component (8).
6. The micro-air pressure wave dissipation method for the high-speed train to pass through the tunnel according to claim 1, which adopts a micro-air pressure wave dissipation system, and is characterized in that:
the sensor (7) is an infrared sensor, when the train passes through the sensor (7), the sensor (7) is triggered to respond immediately, and the triggering time is sent to the loudspeaker (4).
7. The micro-air pressure wave dissipation method for the high-speed train to pass through the tunnel according to claim 1, which adopts a micro-air pressure wave dissipation system, and is characterized in that:
the detection component (8) is an acoustic wave receiver, collects the frequency, amplitude and phase of the micro-pressure wave, records the time when the micro-pressure wave is monitored, and sends the micro-pressure wave to the loudspeaker (4).
8. The micro-air pressure wave dissipation method for the high-speed train to pass through the tunnel according to claim 1, which adopts a micro-air pressure wave dissipation system, and is characterized in that:
the loudspeakers (4) are positioned on two sides of the tunnel outlet, the elevation of the loudspeakers is the same as that of the center of the tunnel, and sound waves are emitted to offset micro-pressure waves.
9. The micro-air pressure wave dissipation method for the high-speed train to pass through the tunnel according to claim 1, which adopts a micro-air pressure wave dissipation system, and is characterized in that:
the loudspeaker (4) comprises a processor for data calculation, a data receiver for data reception and a sound wave generator;
the data receiver receives data sent by the sensor (7) and the detection component (8), the data are transmitted to the processor for calculation, and then the sound wave generator is controlled to emit corresponding sound waves.
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05209405A (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1993-08-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Sound silencing apparatus |
| CN101697173A (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2010-04-21 | 中南大学 | Method for calculating micro-pressure waves generated in process of passing through tunnel by high-speed train |
| CN104564098A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2015-04-29 | 韩国铁道技术研究院 | Structure for reducing tunnel micro pressure wave including air pipe |
| CN106522116A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | Sound insulation system and method used for highway and railway |
| JP2018115479A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2018-07-26 | 三菱重工機械システム株式会社 | Negative pressure wave generator |
| JP2018115480A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2018-07-26 | 三菱重工機械システム株式会社 | Negative pressure wave generator |
| CN111140282A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Active intelligent tunnel monitoring protection system |
| CN111852536A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-30 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system and method |
-
2020
- 2020-11-19 CN CN202011301529.9A patent/CN112523805B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05209405A (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1993-08-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Sound silencing apparatus |
| CN101697173A (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2010-04-21 | 中南大学 | Method for calculating micro-pressure waves generated in process of passing through tunnel by high-speed train |
| CN104564098A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2015-04-29 | 韩国铁道技术研究院 | Structure for reducing tunnel micro pressure wave including air pipe |
| CN106522116A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | Sound insulation system and method used for highway and railway |
| JP2018115479A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2018-07-26 | 三菱重工機械システム株式会社 | Negative pressure wave generator |
| JP2018115480A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2018-07-26 | 三菱重工機械システム株式会社 | Negative pressure wave generator |
| CN111140282A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Active intelligent tunnel monitoring protection system |
| CN111852536A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-30 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system and method |
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