CN112523753A - Method for effectively improving one-time mining height of mine - Google Patents
Method for effectively improving one-time mining height of mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112523753A CN112523753A CN202011499200.8A CN202011499200A CN112523753A CN 112523753 A CN112523753 A CN 112523753A CN 202011499200 A CN202011499200 A CN 202011499200A CN 112523753 A CN112523753 A CN 112523753A
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses: a method for effectively improving the primary mining height of a mine comprises the following steps: s1, tunneling and cutting a raise; s2, drilling a medium-length hole; s3, constructing a downward large-diameter deep hole; and S4, blasting. The invention can effectively reduce the mining-cutting ratio of the mine, improve the mining intensity of the mine and shorten the mine construction time; meanwhile, the invention is also suitable for recovering the edge ore which cannot be accurately drawn out of the upper boundary of the ore body due to geological prospecting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mining, in particular to a method for effectively improving the primary stoping height of a mine.
Background
Along with the development of industry and economy, the demand of each country for mineral resources is more and more, and each country increases the mining strength of mineral resources and obtains more mineral resources. Mining of the steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body is common in mining at home and abroad, the steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body is an ore body with the thickness of 4-15 m and the inclination angle of more than 55 degrees. At present, the VCR method for mining the steeply inclined medium-thick and large ore bodies occupies the mainstream due to the advantages of high recovery efficiency, safety, reliability, low ore per ton cost, large amount of long-meter ore caving and the like. However, it is almost difficult to improve the mining strength of a mine by further increasing the step height of the mine due to the limitation of the hole deviation rate of a rock drilling apparatus (a down-the-hole drill). Meanwhile, in mining, the situation of investment cost increase or resource loss in the ore stoping process is often caused because geological prospecting cannot accurately circle the upper boundary of the ore body.
Most of the current "VCR" methods have mining heights of generally 40 to 60 meters, and although various methods are improved, the methods have the following disadvantages: 1. the ore body is divided into 2 stages to form 2 bottom ore discharging structures, additional mining and cutting engineering is added, the mining and cutting ratio is increased, the mining strength is low, and the mining value of the ore is reduced. 2. And (3) mining in shallow holes (shallow hole shrinkage method) of a YT-28 drilling machine at the upper part of the drilling chamber: if the mining is directly carried out on the top plate of the rock drilling chamber by a shallow hole method, the large-diameter deep-hole rock drilling chamber has large span (about 16 m), after the upper ore amount is directly mined, the height is further increased (usually more than 3.5 m), the management difficulty of the top wall plate is very high, and the safety of operating personnel and equipment in the rock drilling chamber is endangered, and the safety is unreliable. 3. Filling a goaf, excavating in a filling body, and performing mining preparation and cutting engineering stoping: because the lower part of the rock drilling chamber is filled, the stoping and cutting projects are excavated on the filling body, so that the stoping safety can be guaranteed, but the method is only suitable for mining by a filling method and has higher value for meeting the requirement of ores. 4. Abandoning and recovering the upper ore: will cause permanent loss of mineral resources, which is a waste of mineral resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for effectively improving the primary mining height of a mine, thereby reducing the mining-cutting ratio of the mine, improving the mining intensity of the mine and shortening the mine construction time.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for effectively improving the primary mining height of a mine comprises the following steps: s1, tunneling and cutting a raise: tunneling a cutting raise to a fan-shaped medium-length hole at the upper part of the drilling chamber; s2, medium-length hole drilling: arranging blast holes on the periphery of the cutting raise, and drilling upward fan-shaped medium-length holes at the top and the side wall of the drilling chamber where ores exist; s3, constructing a downward large-diameter deep hole: normally constructing downward large-diameter deep holes; s4, blasting: and when the downward large-diameter deep hole is subjected to top breaking blasting, simultaneously charging and blasting the corresponding upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter deep hole.
As a further improvement of the invention, the row spacing of blast holes at the periphery of the cutting raise in the S3 is 0.5-0.8 m.
As a further improvement of the invention, 2 detonators with the same section are bound in the hole opening initiating explosive packages of the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter deep hole.
As a further improvement of the invention, the number of the detonator is less than or equal to 5.
As a further improvement of the present invention, when blasting in S4, the simultaneously initiated upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and downward large-diameter hole are in the same vertical section.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) safety: the rock drilling and charging operations are carried out in the rock drilling chamber, and the safety and reliability are realized. (2) Economy: a large amount of mining preparation and cutting projects are not required to be added, synchronous blasting and synchronous stoping of the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter deep hole of the drilling chamber are not required, and the economic benefit is remarkable. (3) High efficiency: the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter deep hole are blasted and fallen simultaneously, and the ore is shoveled and loaded on the same operation surface, so that the mine enhanced exploitation is facilitated. (4) The process is simple and convenient: only an upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and a downward large-diameter deep hole are constructed in the drilling chamber, and the drilling process of the medium-length hole and the large-diameter deep hole is mature and simple and convenient to construct. The invention can effectively reduce the mining-cutting ratio of the mine, improve the mining intensity of the mine and shorten the mine construction time; meanwhile, the invention is also suitable for recovering the edge ore which cannot be accurately drawn out of the upper boundary of the ore body due to geological prospecting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the blasting of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the detonation network of the present invention.
Shown in the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1 ore removal lane, 2 ore body boundary, 3 downward large-diameter deep hole cutting well, 4 connecting lane, 5 upward fan-shaped medium-length hole cutting well, 6 upward fan-shaped medium-length hole, 7 rock drilling chamber, 8 downward large-diameter deep hole, 9 slope ramp ascending, 10 goaf and 11 caving ore pile.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
As shown, S1, tunneling cutting raise: tunneling a cutting raise to a fan-shaped medium-length hole at the upper part of the drilling chamber; s2, medium-length hole drilling: arranging blast holes on the periphery of the cutting raise, and drilling upward fan-shaped medium-length holes at the top and the side wall of the drilling chamber where ores exist; s3, constructing a downward large-diameter deep hole: normally constructing downward large-diameter deep holes; s4, blasting: and when the downward large-diameter deep hole is subjected to top breaking blasting, simultaneously charging and blasting the corresponding upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter deep hole.
In order to ensure the success of slot-drawing, the row spacing of blast holes on the periphery of the cutting raise is 0.5-0.8 m.
In order to try to reduce the total delay and avoid the damage to an initiation network caused by the upward and downward splashing of rocks after initiation, 2 detonators with the same section are bound in the orifice initiation explosive packages of the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter deep hole. The number of the detonators is less than or equal to 5.
In order to ensure safety and avoid falling of the goaf in the charging process, the simultaneously detonated upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and downward large-diameter deep hole are in the same vertical section.
Example 1, first step, tunneling of cutting raise: and (4) tunneling and cutting a raise to reach the designed height in the upper part of the chamber, namely the area where the descending large-diameter deep hole is firstly blasted. Secondly, drilling a medium-length hole: arranging blast holes with the spacing of 0.5-0.8m at the periphery of the cutting raise to ensure the success of slot drawing, and drilling an upward fan-shaped medium-length hole (hereinafter referred to as an upper blast hole) at the top and the wall of the rock drilling chamber where ores exist. Thirdly, constructing a downward large-diameter deep hole: and (3) after the drilling of the medium-length hole in the chamber is finished, constructing a downward large-diameter deep hole (hereinafter called a lower blast hole) in the positive production process. Fourthly, blasting: when the downward large-diameter deep hole is subjected to top breaking blasting, the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter deep hole correspond to each other up and down at the same time, and the upward corresponding and simultaneous explosive charging blasting is realized. In order to ensure safety, the upper blast hole and the lower blast hole are arranged on one cross section in each blasting, and the goaf is prevented from falling in the charging process. The upward fan-shaped medium-length hole is constructed firstly, and the phenomenon that the lower blast hole is blocked due to accumulation of rock debris generated by the upper blast hole in construction after the downward large-diameter deep hole is constructed is prevented. The corresponding relation of the upper blast hole and the lower blast hole is required to be well corresponded to each blasting design, and the upper blast hole and the lower blast hole cannot be advanced or delayed after blasting. In the process of charging an upper blast hole and a lower blast hole simultaneously, each blast hole uses an explosive fuse, 2 detonators with the same section position are bound in an orifice initiating explosive package, the use of the whole detonators does not exceed 5 section positions, the total delay is reduced by striving for, and the rock splashes up and down after initiation to damage an initiation network. The method is characterized in that a lower blast hole orifice needs to be checked and plugged carefully before blasting each time, after the upper blast hole and the lower blast hole are detonated simultaneously, upward ore is accumulated in a rock drilling chamber in a small quantity, after blasting, a scraper needs to be used for pushing the ore into a dead zone in the rock drilling chamber, and field personnel command the dead zone to avoid the phenomenon that the hole plug of the lower blast hole is shoveled and plugged, so that hole plugging is caused. The tail wires of the primary explosive medium detonators of the upward medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter deep hole are gathered together to form a beam, and the beam is bound with the instantaneous detonators, and the instantaneous detonators detonate simultaneously.
The invention has the following advantages: (1) safety: the rock drilling and charging operations are carried out in the rock drilling chamber, and the safety and reliability are realized. (2) Economy: a large amount of mining preparation and cutting projects are not required to be added, synchronous blasting and synchronous stoping of the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter deep hole of the drilling chamber are not required, and the economic benefit is remarkable. (3) High efficiency: the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter deep hole are blasted and fallen simultaneously, and the ore is shoveled and loaded on the same operation surface, so that the mine enhanced exploitation is facilitated. (4) The process is simple and convenient: only an upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and a downward large-diameter deep hole are constructed in the drilling chamber, and the drilling process of the medium-length hole and the large-diameter deep hole is mature and simple and convenient to construct. The invention can effectively reduce the mining-cutting ratio of the mine, improve the mining intensity of the mine and shorten the mine construction time; meanwhile, the invention is also suitable for recovering the edge ore which cannot be accurately drawn out of the upper boundary of the ore body due to geological prospecting.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scheme of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various permutations, combinations and modifications can be made on the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the modifications are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for effectively improving the primary mining height of a mine comprises the following steps:
s1, tunneling and cutting a raise: tunneling a cutting raise to a fan-shaped medium-length hole at the upper part of the drilling chamber;
s2, medium-length hole drilling: arranging blast holes on the periphery of the cutting raise, and drilling upward fan-shaped medium-length holes at the top and the side wall of the drilling chamber where ores exist;
s3, constructing a downward large-diameter deep hole: normally constructing downward large-diameter deep holes;
s4, blasting: and when the downward large-diameter deep hole is subjected to top breaking blasting, simultaneously charging and blasting the corresponding upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter deep hole.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper part of the chamber is a first blasting area of a downward large-diameter deep hole.
3. The method for effectively increasing the primary mining height of the mine according to claim 1, wherein the row spacing of the blast holes at the periphery of the cutting raise in the S3 is 0.5 to 0.8 m.
4. The method for effectively improving the one-time mining height of the mine according to claim 1, wherein 2 blasting caps with the same section are bound in the hole opening initiating explosive packages of the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter deep hole.
5. The method for effectively improving the primary mining height of the mine as claimed in claim 4, wherein the number of the detonators is less than or equal to 5.
6. A method for effectively increasing the primary mining height of a mine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein when the blasting is carried out in S4, the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole and the downward large-diameter hole which are simultaneously detonated are in the same vertical section.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011499200.8A CN112523753A (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Method for effectively improving one-time mining height of mine |
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| CN202011499200.8A CN112523753A (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Method for effectively improving one-time mining height of mine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113944465A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-01-18 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Twice-slot-drawing high-layering stoping mining method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101328809A (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2008-12-24 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Non-bottom pillar deep hole falling-back type mining method |
| CN104594903A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-05-06 | 攀钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Ore breaking method for whole-section high combination rock drilling blasting |
| CN106761757A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-31 | 江西理工大学 | A kind of full stage combination chisel it is quick-fried fall the efficient mining methods of ore deposit |
| CN109944591A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-06-28 | 安徽铜冠（庐江）矿业有限公司 | A kind of Longhole Mining method of small-sized corner mine |
| CN112031771A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-04 | 玉溪矿业有限公司 | Groove cutting and pulling method for safe construction |
-
2020
- 2020-12-17 CN CN202011499200.8A patent/CN112523753A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101328809A (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2008-12-24 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Non-bottom pillar deep hole falling-back type mining method |
| CN104594903A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-05-06 | 攀钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Ore breaking method for whole-section high combination rock drilling blasting |
| CN106761757A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-31 | 江西理工大学 | A kind of full stage combination chisel it is quick-fried fall the efficient mining methods of ore deposit |
| CN109944591A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-06-28 | 安徽铜冠（庐江）矿业有限公司 | A kind of Longhole Mining method of small-sized corner mine |
| CN112031771A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-04 | 玉溪矿业有限公司 | Groove cutting and pulling method for safe construction |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113944465A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-01-18 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Twice-slot-drawing high-layering stoping mining method |
| CN113944465B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2024-02-23 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Two-time slot pulling high-layering stoping mining method |
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