CN112508236A - Day-ahead scheduling method and system for providing flexible adjustment service based on electricity-to-gas conversion - Google Patents

Day-ahead scheduling method and system for providing flexible adjustment service based on electricity-to-gas conversion Download PDF

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CN112508236A
CN112508236A CN202011311862.8A CN202011311862A CN112508236A CN 112508236 A CN112508236 A CN 112508236A CN 202011311862 A CN202011311862 A CN 202011311862A CN 112508236 A CN112508236 A CN 112508236A
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周明
赵德洁
武昭原
张适宜
杨宏基
杨鹏
吴宏波
史善哲
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
North China Electric Power University
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State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
North China Electric Power University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a day-ahead scheduling method and a day-ahead scheduling system for providing flexible adjustment service based on power to gas. The method comprises the following steps: determining the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber according to the electricity-to-gas parameters and the current density, determining the power consumption according to the output voltage and the current density of the electrolysis chamber, and determining the hydrogen production flow according to the power consumption; determining the electric-to-gas operation constraint condition according to the output voltage, the power consumption, the hydrogen production flow and the current density regulation range of the electrolysis chamber; and establishing a day-ahead scheduling model according to the electricity-to-gas operation constraint condition, solving the day-ahead scheduling model to obtain the power consumption of the electricity-to-gas system, and performing day-ahead scheduling according to the power consumption of the electricity-to-gas system. By adopting the method and the system, the operation characteristics of the water electrolysis link are considered, and the operation flexibility of the power system is improved.

Description

Day-ahead scheduling method and system for providing flexible adjustment service based on electricity-to-gas conversion
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flexible scheduling of power systems, in particular to a day-ahead scheduling method and system for providing flexible adjustment service based on power-to-gas conversion.
Background
With the great increase of the proportion of the renewable energy power generation, the fluctuation and uncertainty of the system operation are increased, the net load curve of the system is steeper than the actual load curve, and a duck-shaped curve appears. Two consequences of the high proportion of renewable energy being connected into the power system are: 1) the requirement on the climbing of the online generator set is improved; 2) the system has a situation of climbing capacity shortage.
To address the lack of system gradeability, the U.S. california independent system operators have proposed flexible regulatory services to improve scheduling flexibility. At present, the analysis of flexible adjustment service capability for resources such as wind power, energy storage and electric vehicles is provided.
In recent years, electrotransformation technology has gained widespread popularity due to the role of virtual storage. The technology of converting electricity into gas in the load valley period converts redundant renewable energy into storable hydrogen through the water electrolysis link, and generates electricity through the gas turbine for reuse in the peak period. The coordination of the electricity to gas and the gas turbine can make important contribution to the system operation flexibility in the smart power grid in the future. However, the current economic and technical analysis of electric power to gas only roughly considers that the operation efficiency of electric power to gas is constant, neglects the operation characteristics of the water electrolysis link, and the operation flexibility of the power system needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a day-ahead scheduling method and a day-ahead scheduling system for providing flexible adjustment service based on electricity-to-gas conversion, which take the operating characteristics of an electrolyzed water link into consideration and improve the operating flexibility of a power system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a method of day-ahead scheduling, comprising:
acquiring electric-to-gas parameters and current density;
determining the output voltage of the electrolytic chamber according to the electricity-to-gas parameters and the current density;
determining the power consumption according to the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber and the current density;
determining the hydrogen production flow according to the power consumption;
determining an electric-to-gas operation constraint condition according to the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber, the power consumption, the hydrogen production flow and the current density regulation range;
establishing a day-ahead scheduling model according to the electric-to-gas operation constraint condition;
and solving the day-ahead scheduling model to obtain the power consumption of the electric power-to-gas system, and performing day-ahead scheduling according to the power consumption of the electric power-to-gas system.
Optionally, the determining the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber according to the electric gas conversion parameter and the current density specifically includes:
the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber is determined according to the following formula:
Vcell＝ENerst+ηact+ηohm
wherein,
Figure BDA0002790081280000021
Figure BDA0002790081280000022
ηohm＝Rmid
in the formula, VcellDenotes the output voltage of the electrolysis cell, ENerstRepresenting thermodynamic electromotive force, ηactIndicating an activation overvoltage, ηohmWhich represents the ohmic over-voltage,
Figure BDA0002790081280000024
represents a correlation value of the reversible cell voltage, T represents the cell temperature, R represents an ideal gas constant, F represents a Faraday constant,
Figure BDA0002790081280000025
representing the partial pressure of oxygen at the anode catalyst/gas interface,
Figure BDA0002790081280000026
is expressed as the partial pressure of hydrogen at the cathode catalyst/gas interface, idDenotes the current density, αc,anDenotes the charge transfer coefficient, alpha, of the anodec,catDenotes the charge transfer coefficient of the cathode, id,anDenotes the current exchange density, i, of the anoded,catDenotes the current exchange density, R, of the cathodemRepresenting the internal equivalent ohmic resistance.
Optionally, the determining the power consumption according to the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber and the current density specifically includes:
the power consumption is determined according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002790081280000023
wherein,
Vstack＝ncell·Vcell
Ic＝Acell·id
in the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000031
denotes the amount of power consumption, NstackThe number of the electrolytic tanks is shown,
Figure BDA0002790081280000032
a variable of 0 to 1, V, representing whether the ith cell is operating at time tstackRepresenting the voltage, n, of a single cellcellDenotes the number of electrolysis chambers connected in series in an electrolysis cell, AcellDenotes the effective reaction area of the electrode, IcRepresenting the current of the electrolysis chamber.
Optionally, the determining the hydrogen production flow rate according to the power consumption includes:
the hydrogen production flow rate is determined according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002790081280000033
in the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000034
the hydrogen production flow rate is shown,
Figure BDA0002790081280000035
indicating the electrical transformation at time t
Figure BDA0002790081280000036
The efficiency of the operation under the amount of power consumption,
Figure BDA0002790081280000037
indicating a high heating value of hydrogen under standard conditions.
Optionally, the establishing a day-ahead scheduling model according to the electric-to-gas operation constraint condition specifically includes:
the objective function is determined according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002790081280000038
wherein t represents time, NTRepresenting the total time, i represents a conventional unit, comprising a thermal power unit and a gas turbine, NUIndicates the total number of the conventional units,
Figure BDA0002790081280000039
representing the upward start-stop cost of the unit i,
Figure BDA00027900812800000310
indicating the cost of start-up and shut-down of the unit i, yi,tIndicating the starting indicating variable y of the unit i at the time ti,tA value of 1 indicates that the unit i is changed from shutdown to operation from time t-1 to time t, and yi,tA value of 0 indicates that the running state of the unit i is unchanged, zi,tIndicating a shutdown indicator variable, z, for the unit i at time ti,tA value of 1 indicates that the unit i is switched from operation to shutdown from time t-1 to time t, z i,t0 represents that the running state of the unit i is unchanged, s represents a scene, and NsRepresents the total number of scenes, rsWhich represents the probability of the occurrence of the scene s,
Figure BDA00027900812800000311
represents a power generation cost function of the unit i,
Figure BDA00027900812800000312
represents the generated power of the unit i,
Figure BDA00027900812800000313
representing the flexible ramp up deficit capacity of the upward system for a time period t under scene s,
Figure BDA0002790081280000041
representing the downward system flexible hill climbing deficit capacity within a time period t under a scene s,
Figure BDA0002790081280000042
represents the opportunity cost of the loss of the system caused by the flexible climbing of the upward system,
Figure BDA0002790081280000043
the opportunity cost of the loss caused by insufficient flexible climbing of the downward system to the system is represented;
determining a constraint condition; the constraint conditions specifically include: the system is flexibly constrained in climbing demand, available climbing capacity, system balance, unit combination, power flow, wind power output, electricity-to-gas operation, gas turbine operation and natural gas market contract.
The invention also provides a day-ahead scheduling system, comprising:
the parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring electric-to-gas parameters and current density;
the output voltage determining module of the electrolytic chamber is used for determining the output voltage of the electrolytic chamber according to the electric gas conversion parameter and the current density;
the power consumption determining module is used for determining the power consumption according to the output voltage of the electrolytic chamber and the current density;
the hydrogen production flow determining module is used for determining the hydrogen production flow according to the power consumption;
the electric gas conversion operation constraint condition determining module is used for determining an electric gas conversion operation constraint condition according to the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber, the power consumption, the hydrogen production flow and the adjustment range of the current density;
the day-ahead scheduling model establishing module is used for establishing a day-ahead scheduling model according to the power-to-gas operation constraint condition;
and the day-ahead scheduling module is used for solving the day-ahead scheduling model to obtain the power consumption of the power-to-gas system and performing day-ahead scheduling according to the power consumption of the power-to-gas system.
Optionally, the output voltage determination module of the electrolysis chamber specifically includes:
an output voltage determination unit of the electrolysis chamber for determining the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber according to the following formula:
Vcell＝ENerst+ηact+ηohm
wherein,
Figure BDA0002790081280000044
Figure BDA0002790081280000045
ηohm＝Rmid
in the formula, VcellDenotes the output voltage of the electrolysis cell, ENerstRepresenting thermodynamic electromotive force, ηactIndicating an activation overvoltage, ηohmWhich represents the ohmic over-voltage,
Figure BDA00027900812800000511
represents a correlation value of the reversible cell voltage, T represents the cell temperature, R represents an ideal gas constant, F represents a Faraday constant,
Figure BDA00027900812800000512
representing the partial pressure of oxygen at the anode catalyst/gas interface,
Figure BDA00027900812800000513
is expressed as the partial pressure of hydrogen at the cathode catalyst/gas interface, idDenotes the current density, αc,anDenotes the charge transfer coefficient, alpha, of the anodec,catDenotes the charge transfer coefficient of the cathode, id,anDenotes the current exchange density, i, of the anoded,catDenotes the current exchange density, R, of the cathodemRepresenting the internal equivalent ohmic resistance.
Optionally, the power consumption determining module specifically includes:
a power consumption amount determining unit for determining a power consumption amount according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002790081280000051
wherein,
Vstack＝ncell·Vcell
Ic＝Acell·id
in the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000052
denotes the amount of power consumption, NstackThe number of the electrolytic tanks is shown,
Figure BDA0002790081280000053
a variable of 0 to 1, V, representing whether the ith cell is operating at time tstackRepresenting the voltage, n, of a single cellcellDenotes the number of electrolysis chambers connected in series in an electrolysis cell, AcellDenotes the effective reaction area of the electrode, IcRepresenting the current of the electrolysis chamber.
Optionally, the hydrogen production flow rate determining module specifically includes:
a hydrogen production flow rate determining unit for determining the hydrogen production flow rate according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002790081280000054
in the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000055
the hydrogen production flow rate is shown,
Figure BDA0002790081280000056
indicating electrical transition at time t at Pt eThe efficiency of the operation under the amount of power consumption,
Figure BDA0002790081280000057
indicating a high heating value of hydrogen under standard conditions.
Optionally, the day-ahead scheduling model establishing module specifically includes:
an objective function determination unit for determining an objective function according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002790081280000058
wherein t represents time, NTRepresenting the total time, i represents a conventional unit, comprising a thermal power unit and a gas turbine, NUIndicates the total number of the conventional units,
Figure BDA0002790081280000059
representing the upward start-stop cost of the unit i,
Figure BDA00027900812800000510
indicating the cost of start-up and shut-down of the unit i, yi,tIndicating the starting indicating variable y of the unit i at the time ti,tA value of 1 indicates that the unit i is changed from shutdown to operation from time t-1 to time t, and yi,tA value of 0 indicates that the running state of the unit i is unchanged, zi,tIndicating a shutdown indicator variable, z, for the unit i at time ti,tA value of 1 indicates that the unit i is switched from operation to shutdown from time t-1 to time t, zi,t0 represents that the running state of the unit i is unchanged, s represents a scene, and NsRepresents the total number of scenes, rsWhich represents the probability of the occurrence of the scene s,
Figure BDA0002790081280000061
represents a power generation cost function of the unit i,
Figure BDA0002790081280000062
represents the generated power of the unit i,
Figure BDA0002790081280000063
representing the flexible ramp up deficit capacity of the upward system for a time period t under scene s,
Figure BDA0002790081280000064
indicating insufficient flexible downward system hill climbing for a time period t in a scene sThe capacity of the electric power transmission device is,
Figure BDA0002790081280000065
represents the opportunity cost of the loss of the system caused by the flexible climbing of the upward system,
Figure BDA0002790081280000066
the opportunity cost of the loss caused by insufficient flexible climbing of the downward system to the system is represented;
a constraint condition determining unit for determining a constraint condition; the constraint conditions specifically include: the system is flexibly constrained in climbing demand, available climbing capacity, system balance, unit combination, power flow, wind power output, electricity-to-gas operation, gas turbine operation and natural gas market contract.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a day-ahead scheduling method and a day-ahead scheduling system for providing flexible adjustment service based on electricity-to-gas, wherein the output voltage of an electrolysis chamber is determined according to electricity-to-gas parameters and current density, the power consumption is determined according to the output voltage and the current density of the electrolysis chamber, and the hydrogen production flow is determined according to the power consumption; determining the electric-to-gas operation constraint condition according to the output voltage, the power consumption, the hydrogen production flow and the current density regulation range of the electrolysis chamber; and establishing a day-ahead scheduling model according to the electricity-to-gas operation constraint condition, solving the day-ahead scheduling model to obtain the power consumption of the electricity-to-gas system, and performing day-ahead scheduling according to the power consumption of the electricity-to-gas system. The invention considers the operation characteristic of the water electrolysis link and improves the operation flexibility of the power system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for providing flexible regulation service based on power to gas in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a day-ahead dispatch system for providing flexible regulation services based on power-to-gas conversion in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a comparative chart of wind-electricity output conditions in examples 3-5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a day-ahead scheduling method and a day-ahead scheduling system for providing flexible adjustment service based on electricity-to-gas conversion, which take the operating characteristics of an electrolyzed water link into consideration and improve the operating flexibility of a power system.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Examples
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a day-ahead scheduling method for providing flexible adjustment service based on power to gas in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, a day-ahead scheduling method for providing flexible adjustment service based on power to gas includes:
step 101: and acquiring electric conversion gas parameters and current density.
Step 102: and determining the output voltage of the electrolytic chamber according to the electric gas conversion parameter and the current density.
The water electrolysis link is formed by connecting a plurality of electrolytic cells in parallel, wherein each electrolytic cell is formed by connecting a series of electrolytic chambers in series. The hydrogen yield can be adjusted by controlling the start and stop of the electrolytic cell.
Step 102, specifically comprising:
the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber is determined according to the following formula:
Vcell＝ENerst+ηact+ηohm
wherein,
Figure BDA0002790081280000071
Figure BDA0002790081280000081
ηohm＝Rmid
in the formula, VcellDenotes the output voltage of the electrolysis cell, ENerstRepresenting thermodynamic electromotive force, ηactIndicating an activation overvoltage, ηohmWhich represents the ohmic over-voltage,
Figure BDA0002790081280000082
represents a correlation value of the reversible cell voltage, T represents the cell temperature, R represents an ideal gas constant, F represents a Faraday constant,
Figure BDA0002790081280000083
representing the partial pressure of oxygen at the anode catalyst/gas interface,
Figure BDA0002790081280000084
is expressed as the partial pressure of hydrogen at the cathode catalyst/gas interface, idDenotes the current density, αc,anDenotes the charge transfer coefficient, alpha, of the anodec,catDenotes the charge transfer coefficient of the cathode, id,anDenotes the current exchange density, i, of the anoded,catDenotes the current exchange density, R, of the cathodemRepresenting the internal equivalent ohmic resistance.
Step 103: the power consumption is determined from the output voltage and current density of the electrolysis chamber.
Step 103, specifically comprising:
the power consumption is determined according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002790081280000085
wherein,
Vstack＝ncell·Vcell
Ic＝Acell·id
in the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000086
denotes the amount of power consumption, NstackThe number of the electrolytic tanks is shown,
Figure BDA0002790081280000087
a variable of 0 to 1, V, representing whether the ith cell is operating at time tstackRepresenting the voltage, n, of a single cellcellDenotes the number of electrolysis chambers connected in series in an electrolysis cell, AcellDenotes the effective reaction area of the electrode, IcRepresenting the current of the electrolysis chamber.
Step 104: and determining the hydrogen production flow according to the power consumption.
The relationship between the ring joint efficiency and the power consumption of the electrolyzed water is as follows:
Figure BDA0002790081280000088
the change curve of the ring joint efficiency of the electrolyzed water is subjected to piecewise linearization, and the variable Pt eThe value of (c) is only in one of the divided intervals, and the corresponding function value is P2G (electrical switching) operation efficiency at the power consumption. The function value is used
Figure BDA0002790081280000089
And (4) showing.
Step 104, specifically comprising:
the hydrogen production flow rate is determined according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002790081280000091
in the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000092
the hydrogen production flow rate is shown,
Figure BDA0002790081280000093
indicating the electrical transformation at time t
Figure BDA0002790081280000094
The efficiency of the operation under the amount of power consumption,
Figure BDA0002790081280000095
indicating a high heating value of hydrogen under standard conditions.
Step 105: and determining the electric-to-gas operation constraint condition according to the output voltage, the power consumption, the hydrogen production flow and the current density regulation range of the electrolysis chamber.
The flexible regulation service aims to reserve sufficient climbing capacity for the system to meet both the volatility and uncertainty of the payload. The important index of the flexible adjustment service is the flexible climbing requirement. The flexible climbing demand consists of two parts: the system is characterized in that the net load of the system in the next time period is changed from the current time period, and the system is additionally provided with a flexible climbing demand for meeting the deviation within a certain confidence interval (such as 95%) of the system net load prediction. The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002790081280000096
in the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000097
respectively representing the total upward/downward demand of the system in the t period;
Figure BDA0002790081280000098
respectively representing flexible climbing requirements caused by system net load fluctuation;
Figure BDA0002790081280000099
respectively, representing flexible hill climbing requirements caused by net load prediction error uncertainty.
And establishing a day-ahead scheduling model which is composed of an objective function and constraint conditions and considers the electric conversion gas to provide flexible regulation service according to the electric conversion gas operation constraint conditions and the system flexible climbing requirement of the previous formula.
Step 106: and establishing a day-ahead scheduling model according to the constraint condition of the electric-to-gas operation.
Step 106, specifically comprising:
the objective function is determined according to the following formula:
Figure BDA00027900812800000910
wherein t represents time, NTRepresenting the total time, i represents a conventional unit, comprising a thermal power unit and a gas turbine, NUIndicates the total number of the conventional units,
Figure BDA00027900812800000911
representing the upward start-stop cost of the unit i,
Figure BDA00027900812800000912
indicating the cost of start-up and shut-down of the unit i, yi,tIndicating the starting indicating variable y of the unit i at the time ti,tA value of 1 indicates that the unit i is changed from shutdown to operation from time t-1 to time t, and yi,tA value of 0 indicates that the running state of the unit i is unchanged, zi,tIndicating a shutdown indicator variable, z, for the unit i at time ti,tA value of 1 indicates that the unit i is switched from operation to shutdown from time t-1 to time t, zi,t0 represents that the running state of the unit i is unchanged, s represents a scene, and NsRepresents the total number of scenes, rsWhich represents the probability of the occurrence of the scene s,
Figure BDA0002790081280000101
represents a power generation cost function of the unit i,
Figure BDA0002790081280000102
represents the generated power of the unit i,
Figure BDA0002790081280000103
representing the flexible ramp up deficit capacity of the upward system for a time period t under scene s,
Figure BDA0002790081280000104
representing the downward system flexible hill climbing deficit capacity within a time period t under a scene s,
Figure BDA0002790081280000105
represents the opportunity cost of the loss of the system caused by the flexible climbing of the upward system,
Figure BDA0002790081280000106
the opportunity cost of the loss caused by insufficient flexible climbing of the downward system to the system is represented;
determining a constraint condition; the constraint conditions specifically include: the system is flexibly constrained in climbing demand, available climbing capacity, system balance, unit combination, power flow, wind power output, electricity-to-gas operation, gas turbine operation and natural gas market contract.
Wherein,
1) flexible climbing demand constraint of system
Figure BDA0002790081280000107
In the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000108
respectively representing the provided upward/downward climbing capacity of the thermal power generating unit m at the moment t;
Figure BDA0002790081280000109
representing the upward climbing capacity provided by the air engine group g at the moment t;
Figure BDA00027900812800001010
represents the available downhill capacity, N, of the electric power conversion system p at time tTUIndicating the total number of thermal power generating units, NGTIndicating the total number of gas units, NP2GIndicating the total number of electric gas conversion systems.
2) Available climbing capacity constraint
Figure BDA00027900812800001011
In the formula ui,tE {0,1} represents the start-stop state variable of the unit i at the moment t;
Figure BDA00027900812800001012
respectively representing the maximum/minimum generated output of the unit i;
Figure BDA00027900812800001013
representing the generated output of the unit i in a scene s of time t +1,
Figure BDA00027900812800001014
representing the offered uphill capacity of the unit i at time tset,
Figure BDA0002790081280000111
representing the offered downhill capacity of the unit i at time tset.
3) Climbing ability constraint
Figure BDA0002790081280000112
In the formula, URi,t、DRi,tRespectively representing the upward/downward climbing rate limit of the unit i in the time period t; l istRepresenting the time length of the period t.
4) System balance constraints
Figure BDA0002790081280000113
In the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000114
representing the power generation output of the wind turbine generator k at the moment t under the scene s, NKThe total number of the wind turbines is represented,
Figure BDA0002790081280000115
representing the load of node b at time t under scene s, NBWhich represents the total number of nodes,
Figure BDA0002790081280000116
representing the power consumed by the electrical power system p at time t.
5) Unit combination constraint
Figure BDA0002790081280000117
In the formula ui,tAnd indicating variables (0-1 variables) for the running state of the unit, wherein 1 indicates running and 0 indicates shutdown.
6) Flow restraint
Figure BDA0002790081280000118
In the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000119
represents the maximum transmission capacity of the line l; fl-bRepresenting the distribution factor of branch i to node b.
7) Wind power output constraint
Figure BDA00027900812800001110
In the formula,
Figure BDA00027900812800001111
representing the predicted output of the wind park k at time t under scene s.
8) Electric to gas operation constraint
Figure BDA0002790081280000121
Figure BDA0002790081280000122
Figure BDA0002790081280000123
id,min≤id≤id,max
In the formula id,max、id,minRepresenting the maximum/minimum constraints of the current density, respectively.
Given id,max、id,minPower consumption can be obtained
Figure BDA0002790081280000124
And hydrogen production flow rate
Figure BDA0002790081280000125
Electric power consumption of electric gas conversion
Figure BDA0002790081280000126
The hydrogen production is taken as the load of the power system, and the hydrogen production is the supply source of the gas quantity required by the gas turbine
Figure BDA0002790081280000127
9) Gas turbine operating constraints
Figure BDA0002790081280000128
In the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000129
representing the power generation of the gas turbine, etaG2PWhich represents the conversion efficiency of the gas turbine,
Figure BDA00027900812800001210
representing the volume of natural gas consumed by the gas turbine.
10) Natural gas market contracts
The natural gas consumption of the gas turbine is provided by both the natural gas market contract and the hydrogen produced by the electric gas conversion system. Day-ahead contracts are considered in the present invention and the total gas consumption should be limited in the following manner:
Figure BDA00027900812800001211
in the formula,
Figure BDA00027900812800001212
representing the gas quantity, V, required by the gas turbine g at the moment t under the scene sNGRepresenting a quantity of contract gas purchased from a natural gas market;
Figure BDA00027900812800001213
an amount of hydrogen equivalent to natural gas required by the gas turbine; vH→NGThe amount of natural gas equivalent to the amount of hydrogen produced by P2G; HHVNGIndicating the high heating value of natural gas under standard conditions,
Figure BDA0002790081280000131
indicating the volume of hydrogen produced by P2G.
Step 107: and solving the day-ahead scheduling model to obtain the power consumption of the power-to-gas system, and performing day-ahead scheduling according to the power consumption of the power-to-gas system.
After the solution is carried out by a yalnip solver, the product containing the electric conversion gas can be obtained
Figure BDA0002790081280000132
Gas turbine
Figure BDA0002790081280000133
Conventional unit
Figure BDA0002790081280000134
(including thermal power generating units and gas turbines
Figure BDA0002790081280000135
) Wind turbine generator set
Figure BDA0002790081280000136
The power generation output result of the internal units obtains the condition that the flexible climbing requirement of the power system can be met. The influence on the electric power system (such as flexibility improvement, new energy consumption and the like) after the electricity is converted into the gas to participate in providing flexible adjustment service can be obtained by analyzing the modeling result.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a day-ahead scheduling system for providing flexible adjustment service based on power-to-gas in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, a day-ahead scheduling system for providing flexible adjustment service based on power-to-gas conversion includes:
the parameter obtaining module 201 is configured to obtain an electric-to-gas parameter and a current density.
And an electrolytic chamber output voltage determination module 202 for determining the electrolytic chamber output voltage according to the electric gas conversion parameter and the current density.
The output voltage determination module 202 of the electrolysis chamber specifically comprises:
an output voltage determination unit of the electrolysis chamber for determining the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber according to the following formula:
Vcell＝ENerst+ηact+ηohm
wherein,
Figure BDA0002790081280000137
Figure BDA0002790081280000138
ηohm＝Rmid
in the formula, VcellDenotes the output voltage of the electrolysis cell, ENerstRepresenting thermodynamic electromotive force, ηactIndicating an activation overvoltage, ηohmWhich represents the ohmic over-voltage,
Figure BDA0002790081280000139
represents a correlation value of the reversible cell voltage, T represents the cell temperature, R represents an ideal gas constant, F represents a Faraday constant,
Figure BDA00027900812800001310
representing the partial pressure of oxygen at the anode catalyst/gas interface,
Figure BDA00027900812800001311
is expressed as the partial pressure of hydrogen at the cathode catalyst/gas interface, idDenotes the current density, αc,anDenotes the charge transfer coefficient, alpha, of the anodec,catDenotes the charge transfer coefficient of the cathode, id,anDenotes the current exchange density, i, of the anoded,catDenotes the current exchange density, R, of the cathodemRepresenting the internal equivalent ohmic resistance.
And the power consumption determining module 203 is used for determining the power consumption according to the output voltage and the current density of the electrolytic chamber.
The power consumption determining module 203 specifically includes:
a power consumption amount determining unit for determining a power consumption amount according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002790081280000141
wherein,
Vstack＝ncell·Vcell
Ic＝Acell·id
in the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000142
denotes the amount of power consumption, NstackThe number of the electrolytic tanks is shown,
Figure BDA0002790081280000143
a variable of 0 to 1, V, representing whether the ith cell is operating at time tstackRepresenting the voltage, n, of a single cellcellDenotes the number of electrolysis chambers connected in series in an electrolysis cell, AcellDenotes the effective reaction area of the electrode, IcRepresenting the current of the electrolysis chamber.
And a hydrogen production flow rate determination module 204 for determining the hydrogen production flow rate according to the power consumption.
The hydrogen production flow rate determination module 204 specifically includes:
a hydrogen production flow rate determining unit for determining the hydrogen production flow rate according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002790081280000144
in the formula,
Figure BDA0002790081280000145
the hydrogen production flow rate is shown,
Figure BDA0002790081280000146
indicating the electrical transformation at time t
Figure BDA0002790081280000147
The efficiency of the operation under the amount of power consumption,
Figure BDA0002790081280000148
indicating a high heating value of hydrogen under standard conditions.
And the electric gas conversion operation constraint condition determining module 205 is used for determining the electric gas conversion operation constraint condition according to the output voltage, the power consumption, the hydrogen production flow and the current density adjusting range of the electrolysis chamber.
And a day-ahead scheduling model establishing module 206 for establishing a day-ahead scheduling model according to the electric-to-gas operation constraint condition.
The day-ahead scheduling model establishing module 206 specifically includes:
an objective function determination unit for determining an objective function according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002790081280000151
wherein t represents time, NTRepresenting the total time, i represents a conventional unit, comprising a thermal power unit and a gas turbine, NUIndicates the total number of the conventional units,
Figure BDA0002790081280000152
representing the upward start-stop cost of the unit i,
Figure BDA0002790081280000153
indicating the cost of start-up and shut-down of the unit i, yi,tIndicating the starting indicating variable y of the unit i at the time ti,tA value of 1 indicates that the unit i is changed from shutdown to operation from time t-1 to time t, and yi,tA value of 0 indicates that the running state of the unit i is unchanged, zi,tIndicating a shutdown indicator variable, z, for the unit i at time ti,tA value of 1 indicates that the unit i is switched from operation to shutdown from time t-1 to time t, zi,t0 represents that the running state of the unit i is unchanged, s represents a scene, and NsRepresents the total number of scenes, rsWhich represents the probability of the occurrence of the scene s,
Figure BDA0002790081280000154
represents a power generation cost function of the unit i,
Figure BDA0002790081280000155
represents the generated power of the unit i,
Figure BDA0002790081280000156
representing flexible crawling of the system up in a time period t under a scene sThe volume of the slope is insufficient,
Figure BDA0002790081280000157
representing the downward system flexible hill climbing deficit capacity within a time period t under a scene s,
Figure BDA0002790081280000158
represents the opportunity cost of the loss of the system caused by the flexible climbing of the upward system,
Figure BDA0002790081280000159
the opportunity cost of the loss caused by insufficient flexible climbing of the downward system to the system is represented;
a constraint condition determining unit for determining a constraint condition; the constraint conditions specifically include: the system is flexibly constrained in climbing demand, available climbing capacity, system balance, unit combination, power flow, wind power output, electricity-to-gas operation, gas turbine operation and natural gas market contract.
And the day-ahead scheduling module 207 is configured to solve the day-ahead scheduling model to obtain the power consumption of the electric power conversion system, and perform day-ahead scheduling according to the power consumption of the electric power conversion system.
For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The invention proposes for the first time the conversion of electricity to gas as a provider of flexible regulatory services. The improvement of system operation flexibility by electric-to-gas conversion is quantified in a random unit combination model. The invention simulates the nonlinear relation between the power consumption and the hydrogen production according to the characteristics of the proton exchange membrane, and further provides a nonlinear method for converting the nonlinear efficiency into a piecewise linear form. Under the situation that a high-proportion new energy is accessed into a power system, in order to cope with the volatility and uncertainty of the system, the method and the device can provide theoretical guidance for the electricity-to-gas participation flexible regulation service.
The following describes the embodiments in detail with reference to an example.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention. The verification is carried out under a 13-machine system, and the system comprises 10 thermal power generating units, 1 wind power generating unit, 1 gas turbine and 1P 2G system. The opportunity cost resulting from failure to meet the flexible ramp requirements of the system is $ 247/megawatt-hour. The error of wind power output and daily load prediction is 10%. The scheduling period is 24 hours and the interval is 1 hour.
1) Basic example results
The wind power consumption rate is 96.3% when the day-ahead power generation plan for providing flexible adjustment service by considering the participation of the electric conversion gas and the gas turbine is taken into consideration. When only a thermal power generating unit is arranged in the power system, the climbing rate is limited, so that the flexible adjustment service requirement of the system is difficult to meet. And the quick start and stop of electricity commentaries on classics gas and gas turbine can satisfy most nimble climbing demands, strengthens the flexibility of system.
2) Electric-to-gas refined modeling front-to-back comparison
In order to compare the influence of the change of the nonlinear efficiency of the electric-to-gas conversion on the hydrogen production amount of the electric-to-gas conversion, two calculation examples are set:
example 1: electric gas conversion model with neglected electric gas conversion efficiency change
Example 2: electric gas conversion model considering electric gas conversion efficiency change
In the example 1, the electric gas conversion efficiency is regarded as a constant, and assuming the corresponding conversion efficiency under the rated efficiency of the electrolytic cell, the deviation of the hydrogen production of a single electrolytic cell reaches 94Nm at most3And therefore, the power generation plan of the subsequent link is deviated. In contrast, in the case of the embodiment 2, after the electric gas conversion efficiency of the refined modeling is linearized, the maximum hydrogen production deviation of a single electrolytic cell is only 12.3Nm3。
3) Effect of electric-to-gas/gas turbine and Flexible tuning service on System flexibility
For the impact of comparing electricity to gas, gas turbine and flexible regulation service on system operation, three examples are set:
example 3: electric gas conversion and gas turbines are not considered to participate in day-ahead unit combination, and flexible regulation service is not considered in the model.
Example 4: only the flexible regulation service is considered, and the flexible regulation service is provided without considering the participation of the electric gas conversion and the gas turbine.
Example 5: both the participation of the electric gas conversion and the gas turbine are considered, and the flexible regulation service is also considered.
According to the simulation verification result, the wind electricity consumption rate in the embodiment 3 is only 66.5%. Example 4 the wind power efficiency increased to 80.7% after flexible regulation service was introduced. In the calculation example 5, the gas turbine can reserve sufficient upward flexible climbing capacity for the system at the load peak time, the electric gas conversion equipment can reserve sufficient downward climbing capacity for the system at the night wind power high-rise time, the wind power consumption application medium rate reaches 96.3%, and the flexibility of the system is greatly enhanced. The obtained result is shown in fig. 4, and the wind of fig. 4 represents the wind power output.
The following can be concluded from the theoretically derived formula and simulation results: 1) the refined model of electric gas conversion shows that: the efficiency of electric-to-gas operation decreases with increasing input power, and ignoring the efficiency variation causes large deviations in practical applications. 2) The participation of the electric gas turbine and the gas turbine in providing flexible regulation services can provide sufficient flexible climbing capacity for the system, provide system flexibility and promote renewable energy consumption.
The objective function in the implementation steps can be flexibly selected and customized according to the actual scheduling cost, the constraint conditions can be added and deleted according to the actual requirements, and the expandability is strong; therefore, the above steps are only used for illustrating the technical method of the present invention, and not for limiting the present invention, and any modifications or partial replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for day-ahead scheduling, comprising:
acquiring electric-to-gas parameters and current density;
determining the output voltage of the electrolytic chamber according to the electricity-to-gas parameters and the current density;
determining the power consumption according to the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber and the current density;
determining the hydrogen production flow according to the power consumption;
determining an electric-to-gas operation constraint condition according to the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber, the power consumption, the hydrogen production flow and the current density regulation range;
establishing a day-ahead scheduling model according to the electric-to-gas operation constraint condition;
and solving the day-ahead scheduling model to obtain the power consumption of the electric power-to-gas system, and performing day-ahead scheduling according to the power consumption of the electric power-to-gas system.
2. The method for scheduling day ahead of claim 1, wherein the determining an output voltage of an electrolysis chamber from the electrical switching parameter and the current density specifically comprises:
the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber is determined according to the following formula:
Vcell＝ENerst+ηact+ηohm
wherein,
Figure FDA0002790081270000011
Figure FDA0002790081270000012
ηohm＝Rmid
in the formula, VcellDenotes the output voltage of the electrolysis cell, ENerstRepresenting thermodynamic electromotive force, ηactIndicating an activation overvoltage, ηohmWhich represents the ohmic over-voltage,
Figure FDA0002790081270000013
represents a correlation value of the reversible cell voltage, T represents the cell temperature, R represents an ideal gas constant, F represents a Faraday constant,
Figure FDA0002790081270000015
representing the partial pressure of oxygen at the anode catalyst/gas interface,
Figure FDA0002790081270000014
is expressed as the partial pressure of hydrogen at the cathode catalyst/gas interface, idDenotes the current density, αc,anDenotes the charge transfer coefficient, alpha, of the anodec,catDenotes the charge transfer coefficient of the cathode, id,anDenotes the current exchange density, i, of the anoded,catDenotes the current exchange density, R, of the cathodemRepresenting the internal equivalent ohmic resistance.
3. The method for scheduling a day ahead of claim 2, wherein the determining a power consumption amount from the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber and the current density specifically comprises:
the power consumption is determined according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002790081270000021
wherein,
Vstack＝ncell·Vcell
Ic＝Acell·id
in the formula, Pt eDenotes the amount of power consumption, NstackThe number of the electrolytic tanks is shown,
Figure FDA0002790081270000022
the ith electrolytic cell at the moment t isNon-running 0-1 variable, VstackRepresenting the voltage, n, of a single cellcellDenotes the number of electrolysis chambers connected in series in an electrolysis cell, AcellDenotes the effective reaction area of the electrode, IcRepresenting the current of the electrolysis chamber.
4. The day-ahead scheduling method according to claim 3, wherein the determining a hydrogen production flow rate according to the power consumption amount specifically includes:
the hydrogen production flow rate is determined according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002790081270000023
in the formula,
Figure FDA0002790081270000024
the hydrogen production flow rate is shown,
Figure FDA0002790081270000025
indicating electrical transition at time t at Pt eThe efficiency of the operation under the amount of power consumption,
Figure FDA0002790081270000026
indicating a high heating value of hydrogen under standard conditions.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the establishing a day-ahead scheduling model according to the electric-to-gas operation constraint condition specifically comprises:
the objective function is determined according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002790081270000027
wherein t represents time, NTRepresenting the total time, i represents a conventional unit, comprising a thermal power unit and a gas turbine, NUIndicates the total number of the conventional units,
Figure FDA0002790081270000028
representing the upward start-stop cost of the unit i,
Figure FDA0002790081270000029
indicating the cost of start-up and shut-down of the unit i, yi,tIndicating the starting indicating variable y of the unit i at the time ti,tA value of 1 indicates that the unit i is changed from shutdown to operation from time t-1 to time t, and yi,tA value of 0 indicates that the running state of the unit i is unchanged, zi,tIndicating a shutdown indicator variable, z, for the unit i at time ti,tA value of 1 indicates that the unit i is switched from operation to shutdown from time t-1 to time t, zi,t0 represents that the running state of the unit i is unchanged, s represents a scene, and NsRepresents the total number of scenes, rsWhich represents the probability of the occurrence of the scene s,
Figure FDA0002790081270000031
represents a power generation cost function of the unit i,
Figure FDA0002790081270000032
represents the generated power of the unit i,
Figure FDA0002790081270000033
representing the flexible ramp up deficit capacity of the upward system for a time period t under scene s,
Figure FDA0002790081270000034
representing the downward system flexible hill climbing deficit capacity within a time period t under a scene s,
Figure FDA0002790081270000035
represents the opportunity cost of the loss of the system caused by the flexible climbing of the upward system,
Figure FDA0002790081270000036
presentation Down SystemOpportunity cost of loss to the system caused by insufficient flexible climbing;
determining a constraint condition; the constraint conditions specifically include: the system is flexibly constrained in climbing demand, available climbing capacity, system balance, unit combination, power flow, wind power output, electricity-to-gas operation, gas turbine operation and natural gas market contract.
6. A day-ahead scheduling system, comprising:
the parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring electric-to-gas parameters and current density;
the output voltage determining module of the electrolytic chamber is used for determining the output voltage of the electrolytic chamber according to the electric gas conversion parameter and the current density;
the power consumption determining module is used for determining the power consumption according to the output voltage of the electrolytic chamber and the current density;
the hydrogen production flow determining module is used for determining the hydrogen production flow according to the power consumption;
the electric gas conversion operation constraint condition determining module is used for determining an electric gas conversion operation constraint condition according to the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber, the power consumption, the hydrogen production flow and the adjustment range of the current density;
the day-ahead scheduling model establishing module is used for establishing a day-ahead scheduling model according to the power-to-gas operation constraint condition;
and the day-ahead scheduling module is used for solving the day-ahead scheduling model to obtain the power consumption of the power-to-gas system and performing day-ahead scheduling according to the power consumption of the power-to-gas system.
7. The day-ahead scheduling system of claim 6, wherein the output voltage determination module of the electrolysis chamber specifically comprises:
an output voltage determination unit of the electrolysis chamber for determining the output voltage of the electrolysis chamber according to the following formula:
Vcell＝ENerst+ηact+ηohm
wherein,
Figure FDA0002790081270000041
Figure FDA0002790081270000042
ηohm＝Rmid
in the formula, VcellDenotes the output voltage of the electrolysis cell, ENerstRepresenting thermodynamic electromotive force, ηactIndicating an activation overvoltage, ηohmWhich represents the ohmic over-voltage,
Figure FDA0002790081270000043
represents a correlation value of the reversible cell voltage, T represents the cell temperature, R represents an ideal gas constant, F represents a Faraday constant,
Figure FDA0002790081270000044
representing the partial pressure of oxygen at the anode catalyst/gas interface,
Figure FDA0002790081270000045
is expressed as the partial pressure of hydrogen at the cathode catalyst/gas interface, idDenotes the current density, αc,anDenotes the charge transfer coefficient, alpha, of the anodec,catDenotes the charge transfer coefficient of the cathode, id,anDenotes the current exchange density, i, of the anoded,catDenotes the current exchange density, R, of the cathodemRepresenting the internal equivalent ohmic resistance.
8. The day-ahead scheduling system of claim 7, wherein the power consumption determination module specifically includes:
a power consumption amount determining unit for determining a power consumption amount according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002790081270000046
wherein,
Vstack＝ncell·Vcell
Ic＝Acell·id
in the formula, Pt eDenotes the amount of power consumption, NstackThe number of the electrolytic tanks is shown,
Figure FDA0002790081270000047
a variable of 0 to 1, V, representing whether the ith cell is operating at time tstackRepresenting the voltage, n, of a single cellcellDenotes the number of electrolysis chambers connected in series in an electrolysis cell, AcellDenotes the effective reaction area of the electrode, IcRepresenting the current of the electrolysis chamber.
9. The day-ahead scheduling system of claim 8, wherein the hydrogen production flow rate determination module specifically comprises:
a hydrogen production flow rate determining unit for determining the hydrogen production flow rate according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002790081270000051
in the formula,
Figure FDA0002790081270000052
the hydrogen production flow rate is shown,
Figure FDA0002790081270000053
indicating electrical transition at time t at Pt eThe efficiency of the operation under the amount of power consumption,
Figure FDA0002790081270000054
indicating a high heating value of hydrogen under standard conditions.
10. The day-ahead scheduling system of claim 9, wherein the day-ahead scheduling model establishing module specifically includes:
an objective function determination unit for determining an objective function according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002790081270000055
wherein t represents time, NTRepresenting the total time, i represents a conventional unit, comprising a thermal power unit and a gas turbine, NUIndicates the total number of the conventional units,
Figure FDA0002790081270000056
representing the upward start-stop cost of the unit i,
Figure FDA0002790081270000057
indicating the cost of start-up and shut-down of the unit i, yi,tIndicating the starting indicating variable y of the unit i at the time ti,tA value of 1 indicates that the unit i is changed from shutdown to operation from time t-1 to time t, and yi,tA value of 0 indicates that the running state of the unit i is unchanged, zi,tIndicating a shutdown indicator variable, z, for the unit i at time ti,tA value of 1 indicates that the unit i is switched from operation to shutdown from time t-1 to time t, zi,t0 represents that the running state of the unit i is unchanged, s represents a scene, and NsRepresents the total number of scenes, rsWhich represents the probability of the occurrence of the scene s,
Figure FDA0002790081270000058
represents a power generation cost function of the unit i,
Figure FDA0002790081270000059
represents the generated power of the unit i,
Figure FDA00027900812700000510
representing the flexible ramp up deficit capacity of the upward system for a time period t under scene s,
Figure FDA00027900812700000511
representing the downward system flexible hill climbing deficit capacity within a time period t under a scene s,
Figure FDA00027900812700000512
represents the opportunity cost of the loss of the system caused by the flexible climbing of the upward system,
Figure FDA00027900812700000513
the opportunity cost of the loss caused by insufficient flexible climbing of the downward system to the system is represented;
a constraint condition determining unit for determining a constraint condition; the constraint conditions specifically include: the system is flexibly constrained in climbing demand, available climbing capacity, system balance, unit combination, power flow, wind power output, electricity-to-gas operation, gas turbine operation and natural gas market contract.
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