CN112496037B - Nickel-based alloy plate rolling method - Google Patents
Nickel-based alloy plate rolling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112496037B CN112496037B CN202011277753.9A CN202011277753A CN112496037B CN 112496037 B CN112496037 B CN 112496037B CN 202011277753 A CN202011277753 A CN 202011277753A CN 112496037 B CN112496037 B CN 112496037B
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/16—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/28—Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B2001/225—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length by hot-rolling
Abstract
The invention provides a rolling method of a nickel-based alloy plate, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a nickel-based alloy ingot into a rectangular blank with the thickness of 180mm-220 mm; (2) heating the rectangular blank to 1180-1200 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, and then performing one-fire rolling or two-fire rolling to obtain a finished plate. By adopting the rolling method of the nickel-based alloy plate, the rolling process can be reasonably selected according to the thickness of the finished plate, and the obtained finished plate has no defects of heavy skin, cracks, burrs, pits and the like on the surface and excellent comprehensive performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy rolling processing, in particular to a rolling method of a nickel-based alloy plate.
Background
The nickel-based alloy has high room temperature and high temperature strength, good oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, excellent creep and fatigue resistance, good structure stability and use reliability, is widely applied to the industries of petrochemical industry, energy, machinery, environmental protection and the like, and is an indispensable material for economic construction and national defense and military industry. The production process of the nickel-based alloy plate is long, the quality requirement is high, and the process control requirement is complex, so that the high-end nickel-based alloy plate in China is basically imported. The production process of the nickel-based alloy plate mainly has the problems of easy cracking during rolling, high rolling mill load, more surface defects, low yield, difficult regulation and control of structure performance and the like, and seriously restricts the localization process of the nickel-based alloy plate in China. Therefore, how to realize high-quality rolling production of the plate is a main problem at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a rolling method of a nickel-based alloy plate, and by adopting the method, the surface quality and the comprehensive performance of the nickel-based alloy plate can be effectively improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a rolling method of a nickel-based alloy plate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a nickel-based alloy ingot into a rectangular blank with the thickness of 180mm-220 mm;
(2) heating the rectangular blank to 1180-1200 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, and then performing one-fire rolling or two-fire rolling to obtain a finished plate.
Optionally, the thickness of the finished plate is more than 30mm, in the step (2), the rectangular blank is heated to 1180-1200 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3-4 h, and then the rectangular blank is subjected to one-fire rolling forming to obtain the finished plate.
Optionally, the thickness of the finished plate is less than or equal to 30mm, in the step (2), the rectangular blank is heated to 1180-1200 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3-4 h, the rectangular blank is rolled in one fire to obtain an intermediate blank, then the intermediate blank is heated to 1180-1200 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2-3 h, and the intermediate blank is rolled in two fires to obtain the finished plate.
Optionally, the compression ratio during the two-fire rolling is more than or equal to 3.0.
Optionally, before the intermediate blank is heated, the intermediate blank is polished completely, and PT penetration detection is performed to ensure that 100% of the surface of the intermediate blank is qualified.
Optionally, when the thickness of the finished plate is less than 10mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is controlled to be 50mm-60 mm.
Optionally, when the thickness of the finished plate is less than or equal to 10mm and less than 20mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is controlled to be 60mm-70 mm.
Optionally, when the thickness of the finished plate is less than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 30mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is controlled to be 70mm-90 mm.
Optionally, the nickel-based alloy is a nickel-based alloy with a designation of N06625.
Optionally, the nickel-based alloy ingot is obtained by smelting with a VIM + ESR or VIM + VAR method.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
by adopting the rolling method of the nickel-based alloy plate, the rolling process can be reasonably selected according to the thickness of the finished plate, and the obtained finished plate has no defects of heavy skin, cracks, burrs, pits and the like on the surface and excellent comprehensive performance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the invention. The process of the present invention employs conventional methods or apparatus in the art, except as described below. The following noun terms have meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.
Aiming at various problems in the production process of the nickel-based alloy plate at present, the inventor of the invention creatively provides a rolling method of the nickel-based alloy plate, which is specially developed for a high-end nickel-based alloy with the brand number of N06625, through research. The method reasonably selects the rolling process according to the thickness of the finished plate, and the obtained finished plate has no defects of heavy skin, cracks, burrs, pits and the like on the surface and has excellent comprehensive performance.
In the invention, the standard component control range of the high-end nickel-based alloy plate with the brand number of N06625 is as follows:
TABLE 1
The composition control standard is referred to as ASME SB 443.
As a preferred embodiment, the rolling method of the nickel-based alloy sheet material of the present invention specifically includes the steps of:
(1) preparing a rectangular blank
First, an ingot of a nickel-based alloy should be smelted. In order to ensure the metallurgical purity of the alloy, the alloy is smelted by adopting a VIM + ESR (vacuum induction smelting + electroslag remelting) or VIM + VAR (vacuum induction smelting + vacuum consumable electrode) method. As for the respective specific operation processes of vacuum induction smelting, electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable electrode, those skilled in the art can make reasonable selection as required in actual production, and details are not repeated herein.
And (4) forging and cogging the cast ingot by using a press, and crushing the as-cast structure. And simultaneously, a rectangular blank with proper size is obtained according to the rolling requirement of the rolling mill. And carrying out surface grinding on the rectangular blank to ensure that no defect exists, and controlling the thickness of the finally obtained rectangular blank to be 180-220 mm.
(2) Rolling of
The nickel base alloy has great heat deformation resistance, so that rolling defect is easy to produce and brought to the finished product. The method comprises the following specific steps:
when the thickness of the finished plate is more than 30mm, the rectangular blank is rolled by one fire. The method comprises the following steps: heating the rectangular blank to 1180-1200 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, and then performing one-fire rolling forming to obtain a finished plate. When the one-shot rolling forming is carried out, the total rolling pass number is between 10 and 16, and the single-pass reduction rate is between 8 and 20 percent.
And when the thickness of the finished plate is less than or equal to 30mm, carrying out two-fire rolling on the rectangular blank. The method comprises the following steps: heating the rectangular blank to 1180-1200 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, carrying out first-fire rolling to obtain an intermediate blank, then heating the intermediate blank to 1180-1200 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3 h, carrying out second-fire rolling to obtain a finished plate.
And then, carrying out later-stage solution heat treatment on the finished plate, wherein the solution heat treatment can be carried out by adopting conventional operation, and details are not repeated here.
When the two-fire rolling is performed, the following points need to be noted:
firstly, the thickness control of the intermediate billet required for the two-heat rolling is determined by the thickness of the finished plate, and firstly, the compression ratio is ensured to be more than or equal to 3.0 during the two-heat rolling (the compression ratio refers to the initial thickness of the billet divided by the final rolling thickness). Specifically, when the thickness of the finished plate is less than 10mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is controlled to be 50-60 mm, and when the thickness of the finished plate is less than or equal to 10mm and less than 20mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is controlled to be 60-70 mm; when the thickness of the finished plate is less than or equal to 30mm and less than or equal to 20mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is controlled to be 70-90 mm.
Secondly, the surface of the intermediate blank is required to be polished completely before the second-heat rolling, visible defects are completely eliminated, PT penetration detection is carried out on the polished blank, and 100% of qualified surface is ensured. The PT penetration test can be specifically carried out by referring to NB/T47013.
The boundary line of the plate rolling thickness of 30mm is mainly based on the comprehensive consideration of rolling compression ratio, blank temperature drop in the rolling process, rolling force, finished plate shape and the like. When the thickness of the finished plate is more than 30mm, the rolling process is relatively easy to control, and key process points such as the structure, the performance, the plate shape and the like of the finished plate can be effectively ensured. When the thickness of the finished plate is less than 30mm, the requirement on the comprehensive control level of the rolling process is extremely high, and particularly, the thinner the finished plate is, the larger the temperature drop is, the higher the rolling force is, the more easily the plate is cracked, and the plate shape is very difficult to control. Therefore, the rolling efficiency, the rolling yield and the success rate are comprehensively considered, and when the thickness of the finished plate is less than 30mm, the finished plate is rolled by two fire.
The thickness of the intermediate billet is mainly selected based on factors such as the rolling compression ratio of the two-fire rolling, the control of the rolling process and the like. On the premise of ensuring the two-fire rolling compression ratio, the thinner the finished plate is, the thinner the thickness of the intermediate billet is. The temperature-increasing and fast-rolling principle is adopted during the two-fire rolling, and the shorter the total rolling time is, the more beneficial to the plate rolling and the later-stage comprehensive performance control are. The reduction of the rolling time is therefore achieved by thinning the intermediate billet (the thinner the intermediate billet, the fewer the rolling passes, the shorter the time).
Examples
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
The elemental composition of the nickel-base alloys in the following examples is as follows:
TABLE 2
The detection method of each parameter in the following examples is as follows:
yield strength: testing was performed according to ASTM A370.
Tensile strength: testing was performed according to ASTM A370.
Elongation percentage: testing was performed according to ASTM A370.
Example 1
The VIM + ESR process is adopted to obtain the nickel-based alloy ingot, and the actual components of the nickel-based alloy ingot are shown in the table 2. And forging and cogging the cast ingot to obtain a plate blank, wherein the surface of the blank is completely polished to eliminate visible defects with naked eyes, and the thickness of the blank is 190 mm.
Heating the blank at 1180 ℃ for 4 hours, then rolling and forming by one fire to obtain a finished plate with the thickness of 48 mm. The surface of the finished product plate has no defects of heavy skin, cracks, burrs, pits and the like, and has excellent performance.
After the finished plate is subjected to later-stage solution heat treatment: the yield strength is 411Mpa, the tensile strength is 817Mpa, the elongation is 63%, and the standard requirements are met (the standard requirements are that the yield strength is more than or equal to 379Mpa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 758Mpa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 30%).
Example 2
The VIM + ESR process is adopted to obtain the nickel-based alloy ingot, and the actual components of the nickel-based alloy ingot are shown in the table 2. And forging and cogging the cast ingot to obtain a plate blank, wherein the surface of the blank is polished completely, visible defects are eliminated, and the thickness of the blank is 195 mm.
The blank is heated at 1180 ℃ for 4 hours and then rolled. And (3) rolling with one fire to obtain an intermediate blank with the thickness of 75mm, polishing the whole surface, detecting PT penetration, and then rolling with two fires. The blank is heated at 1180 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain a finished product plate with the thickness of 22 mm. The surface of the finished product plate has no defects of heavy skin, cracks, burrs, pits and the like, and has excellent performance.
After the finished plate is subjected to later-stage solution heat treatment: the yield strength is 433MPa, the tensile strength is 841MPa, the elongation is 61 percent, and the standard requirements (the yield strength is more than or equal to 379MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 758MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 30 percent) are met.
Example 3
The nickel-based alloy ingot is obtained by adopting a VIM + ESR process, and the actual components of the nickel-based alloy ingot are shown in the table. And forging and cogging the cast ingot to obtain a plate blank, polishing the surface of the blank completely, eliminating visible defects with naked eyes, and keeping the thickness of the blank 188 mm.
The blank is heated at 1180 ℃ for 4 hours and then rolled. And (3) rolling with one fire to obtain an intermediate blank with the thickness of 68mm, polishing the whole surface, detecting PT penetration, and then rolling with two fires. The blank is heated at 1180 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain a finished product plate with the thickness of 16 mm. The surface of the finished product plate has no defects of heavy skin, cracks, burrs, pits and the like, and has excellent performance.
After the finished plate is subjected to later-stage solution heat treatment: the yield strength is 419Mpa, the tensile strength is 809Mpa, the elongation is 67%, and the standard requirements (the yield strength is more than or equal to 379Mpa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 758Mpa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 30%) are met.
Example 4
The VIM + VAR process is adopted to obtain the nickel-based alloy ingot, and the actual components are shown in the table. And forging and cogging the cast ingot to obtain a plate blank, wherein the surface of the blank is completely polished to eliminate visible defects with naked eyes, and the thickness of the blank is 220 mm.
The blank is heated at 1180 ℃ for 3 hours and then rolled. And (3) rolling with one fire to obtain an intermediate blank with the thickness of 55mm, polishing the whole surface, detecting PT penetration, and then rolling with two fires. Heating the blank at 1180 ℃ for 3h to obtain a finished product plate with the thickness of 8 mm. The surface of the finished product plate has no defects of heavy skin, cracks, burrs, pits and the like, and has excellent performance.
After the finished plate is subjected to later-stage solution heat treatment: the yield strength is 438Mpa, the tensile strength is 829Mpa, the elongation is 62%, and the standard requirements (the yield strength is equal to or more than 379Mpa, the tensile strength is equal to or more than 758Mpa, and the elongation is equal to or more than 30%) are met.
From the mechanical property data of the plates in the embodiments 1 to 4, it can be seen that the mechanical property of the plate obtained after the plate is processed by the rolling method of the present invention can not only meet the standard requirements, but also is significantly better than the standard requirements.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other substitutions, modifications, combinations, changes, simplifications, etc., which are made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be construed as equivalents and included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The rolling method of the nickel-based alloy plate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparing a nickel-based alloy ingot into a rectangular blank with the thickness of 180mm-220 mm;
(2) heating the rectangular blank to 1180-1200 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, and then performing one-fire rolling or two-fire rolling to obtain a finished plate;
wherein the nickel-based alloy is a nickel-based alloy with the trade name of N06625;
when the thickness of the finished plate is more than 30mm, rolling the rectangular blank in one fire in the step (2); heating the rectangular blank to 1180-1200 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, and then performing one-fire rolling forming to obtain a finished plate; when the hot rolling forming is carried out, the total rolling pass number is between 10 and 16 times, and the single-pass reduction rate is between 8 and 20 percent;
when the thickness of the finished plate is less than or equal to 30mm, performing two-fire rolling on the rectangular blank in the step (2); heating the rectangular blank to 1180-1200 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, carrying out first-fire rolling to obtain an intermediate blank, then heating the intermediate blank to 1180-1200 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3 h, carrying out second-fire rolling to obtain a finished plate;
wherein the compression ratio during the two-fire rolling is more than or equal to 3.0; when the thickness of the finished plate is less than 10mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is controlled to be 50mm-60 mm; when the thickness of the finished plate is less than or equal to 10mm and less than 20mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is controlled to be 60mm-70 mm; when the thickness of the finished plate is less than or equal to 30mm and less than or equal to 20mm, the thickness of the intermediate blank is controlled to be 70-90 mm.
2. The rolling method of nickel-base alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein before the intermediate slab is heated, the intermediate slab is subjected to full grinding and PT penetration test to ensure that 100% of the surface of the intermediate slab is qualified.
3. The rolling method of the nickel-based alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein the nickel-based alloy ingot is obtained by smelting by a VIM + ESR or VIM + VAR method.
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