CN112496013A - Kitchen waste anaerobic composting fermentation reduction treatment method - Google Patents

Kitchen waste anaerobic composting fermentation reduction treatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112496013A
CN112496013A CN202011611492.XA CN202011611492A CN112496013A CN 112496013 A CN112496013 A CN 112496013A CN 202011611492 A CN202011611492 A CN 202011611492A CN 112496013 A CN112496013 A CN 112496013A
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China
Prior art keywords
kitchen waste
garbage
treatment method
reduction treatment
kitchen
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CN202011611492.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐绍伟
施济人
刘兵兵
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Zhejiang Liting Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Zhejiang Liting Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011611492.XA priority Critical patent/CN112496013A/en
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Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/02Apparatus for the manufacture
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/04Biological compost
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kitchen garbage anaerobic composting fermentation reduction treatment method, which is mainly divided into four main treatment units: the kitchen garbage treatment system comprises a garbage pretreatment unit, a garbage anaerobic fermentation composting treatment unit, a sewage treatment unit and a waste gas treatment unit, wherein kitchen garbage is unloaded and then enters a storage bin for being pre-disinfected, an ozone generator is adopted for generating ozone for the pre-disinfection, ozone gas with a certain concentration passes through a disinfection pipe network arranged in the storage bin and is fully contacted with the garbage, and harmful bacteria such as escherichia coli and the like in the garbage are inhibited or killed, so that the bacterial infection risk of operators is increased, the continuous, closed and automatic operation of the kitchen garbage is realized, the environmental pollution caused by manual sorting is avoided, the labor cost is reduced, in the treatment process, the damage to equipment is reduced, meanwhile, organic matters are converted into stable humus substances from an unstable state, the compost product does not contain pathogenic bacteria, and the kitchen garbage is processed into a good soil conditioner and organic fertilizer.

Description

Kitchen waste anaerobic composting fermentation reduction treatment method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the relevant technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and particularly relates to a kitchen waste anaerobic composting fermentation reduction treatment method.
Background
According to the domestic garbage classification management method and regulations in China, kitchen waste is a perishable component generated by classifying domestic garbage, and the generation source of the kitchen waste is resident families. According to the development process and the current situation of domestic garbage classification in China, the domestic garbage classification effect in most of cities is not obvious at present, and the outstanding characteristic is that the purity of kitchen garbage is not high. In addition, the residential kitchen garbage at the present stage is characterized by being bagged and completely sealed, and is not beneficial to subsequent impurity removal, screening and magnetic separation processes. Corresponding measures need to be taken in the preprocessing step.
The existing kitchen garbage sorting and processing technology has the following problems: at present, kitchen waste has various problems, and waste sorting is unreasonable, mainly comprises manual sorting, hydraulic sorting and crushing sorting. Manual sorting can make sorting personnel contact rubbish in a large number, has both caused a large amount of work to occupy, has increased sorting personnel's healthy risk simultaneously, and work efficiency is extremely low simultaneously. Water conservancy letter sorting utilizes the water to distinguish into floating and two kinds of rubbish of sediment in with rubbish, then still contains a large amount of animal and vegetable oil and pectin etc. in the rubbish from cooking, utilizes water conservancy letter sorting not only can influence letter sorting effect, still can cause a large amount of sewage to produce, when rubbish letter sorting effect is not good, still causes a large amount of new pollutants, greatly increased environmental risk and processing cost. Crushing type sorting also faces a plurality of problems at present, and a large amount of non-biodegradable substances enter garbage together in the crushing process, such as harmful substances of plastic products and the like. Meanwhile, the control of the particle size can also cause a series of problems of incapability of recycling or energy consumption increase in the post treatment and the like. After the kitchen waste is subjected to thermal hydrolysis, plastic bags, woven bags and the like mixed in the kitchen waste are subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure treatment, serious deformation and shrinkage are generated, and even the plastic bags, the woven bags and the like are intertwined together. And hydraulic pressure squeezes just contrary, and kitchen garbage is little with the contact surface of equipment, can not take place phenomenon such as winding, and its hydraulic strength is also enough to destroy glass bottle wherein simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a kitchen waste anaerobic compost fermentation reduction treatment method to solve the problem of unreasonable sorting of the waste in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kitchen waste anaerobic composting fermentation reduction treatment method comprises the following steps:
firstly, discharging kitchen waste, then putting the discharged kitchen waste into a storage bin, and generating ozone by an ozone generator for pre-disinfection;
secondly, conveying the disinfected kitchen waste to a crusher by a double-screw conveyor for crushing treatment, and feeding a leachate part generated in the crushing process into a desanding unit;
thirdly, feeding the crushed kitchen waste into a magnetic separation unit, separating metal substances in the waste, and screening by a drum screen to obtain undersize matters smaller than 100 mm;
fourthly, the screened kitchen waste enters a screw extrusion dehydration unit, the squeezed solid slag enters a rear-section crushing treatment system, and the squeezed organic slurry enters a sewage treatment system after sand and impurity removal;
fifthly, the crushed materials are subjected to anaerobic composting reaction, so that the waste organic matters are converted into fertilizers through the fermentation action of microorganisms under certain moisture, C/N and ventilation conditions.
Preferably, in the first step, a disinfection pipe network communicated with an ozone generator is arranged in the bin, and the disinfection pipe network is in full contact with kitchen garbage, so that harmful bacteria such as escherichia coli in the garbage are inhibited or killed, and the bacterial infection risk of operators is increased.
Preferably, in the second step, the double-helix conveyor adopts a hydraulic power system, and when the material is blocked, the double-helix conveyor automatically rotates in the reverse direction and gives an alarm to prompt so as to prevent the material from being blocked.
Preferably, in the second step, the crushing knife used by the crusher is made of high alloy steel materials, so that the impact resistance is improved.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the screw extrusion dehydration unit adopts two dehydration processes, so that the dehydration rate of the kitchen waste is more than 80%.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the anaerobic composting reaction removes 40-60% of organic matters in the material, reduces harmful germs, improves the dehydration stability of the material, reduces the subsequent 35% of treatment energy consumption, and converts the organic matters from an unstable state into stable humus substances.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a kitchen garbage anaerobic compost fermentation reduction treatment method, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the kitchen waste decrement comprehensive treatment system mainly comprises four main treatment units: the kitchen waste is discharged and then enters a storage bin for pre-disinfection, an ozone generator is used for generating ozone for the pre-disinfection, ozone gas with a certain concentration passes through a disinfection pipe network arranged in the storage bin and is fully contacted with the waste, so that harmful bacteria such as escherichia coli and the like in the waste are inhibited or killed, the bacterial infection risk of operators is improved, the kitchen waste is continuously, hermetically and automatically operated, the environmental pollution caused by manual sorting is avoided, the labor cost is reduced, and the waste treatment efficiency is improved;
2. the disinfected garbage is conveyed to a crusher by a double-screw conveyor to be crushed, a leachate part enters a desanding unit, the kitchen garbage is unloaded and crushed and enters a magnetic separation unit to separate metal substances, sieved substances with the particle size smaller than 100mm are obtained after the kitchen garbage is sieved by a drum sieve, the sieved kitchen garbage enters a screw extrusion dehydration unit, squeezed solid residues enter a rear-section crushing treatment system, squeezed organic slurry enters a sewage treatment system after desanding and impurity removal, and the pumped organic slurry is pumped to the sewage treatment system.
The equipment related to the invention is the existing equipment which can be directly purchased in the market, and the functions required by crushing, sorting and the like can be realized. The method of the invention can be carried out by adopting the existing method in the field without any specific method for the process steps and process parameters which are not recorded.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention without limiting the invention in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the kitchen waste anaerobic composting fermentation reduction process provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a kitchen waste anaerobic composting fermentation reduction treatment method comprises the following steps:
firstly, discharging kitchen waste, then putting the discharged kitchen waste into a storage bin, and generating ozone by an ozone generator for pre-disinfection;
secondly, conveying the disinfected kitchen waste to a crusher by a double-screw conveyor for crushing treatment, and feeding a leachate part generated in the crushing process into a desanding unit;
thirdly, feeding the crushed kitchen waste into a magnetic separation unit, separating metal substances in the waste, and screening by a drum screen to obtain undersize matters smaller than 100 mm;
fourthly, the screened kitchen waste enters a screw extrusion dehydration unit, the squeezed solid slag enters a rear-section crushing treatment system, and the squeezed organic slurry enters a sewage treatment system after sand and impurity removal;
fifthly, the crushed materials are subjected to anaerobic composting reaction, so that the waste organic matters are converted into fertilizers through the fermentation action of microorganisms under certain moisture, C/N and ventilation conditions.
Furthermore, in the first step, the disinfection pipe network that is linked together with ozone generator has been arranged in the feed bin, and ozone generator produces the ozone gas of certain concentration, goes out through the disinfection pipe network homodisperse in the feed bin for the disinfection pipe network fully contacts with rubbish from cooking, and harmful bacterium such as escherichia coli in the rubbish obtains inhibiting or killing, improves operating personnel's bacterial infection risk, ensures operating personnel's health and safety.
Furthermore, in the second step, the double-screw conveyor adopts a hydraulic power system, when the phenomenon of material blockage occurs, the double-screw conveyor automatically rotates in the reverse direction and gives an alarm to prompt, so that the material blockage is prevented, and the problem that domestic food waste is easy to block is effectively solved.
It should be noted that, in the second step, the crushing knife used in the crusher is made of high alloy steel material, so that the impact resistance is improved, and meanwhile, the crushing capability can be ensured, and the materials are fully crushed.
It is worth noting that in the fourth step, the screw extrusion dehydration unit adopts two dehydration processes, so that the dehydration rate of the kitchen waste is more than 80%, the screw extrusion dehydration unit can be widely applied to dehydration operation before the high-humidity residue material is dried, moisture which is not less than 80% of the material can be removed, and the dehydrated material can directly enter a lower-stage treatment system.
It is to be understood that in the fifth step, the anaerobic composting reaction removes 40% -60% of the organic matters in the materials, reduces harmful germs, improves the dehydration stability of the materials, reduces the subsequent 35% of the treatment energy consumption, converts the organic matters from an unstable state into stable humus substances, and the compost products do not contain pathogens after the composting process, are odorless and fly-free, can be safely treated and stored, and are good soil conditioners and organic fertilizers.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A kitchen waste anaerobic composting fermentation reduction treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, discharging kitchen waste, then putting the discharged kitchen waste into a storage bin, and generating ozone by an ozone generator for pre-disinfection;
secondly, conveying the disinfected kitchen waste to a crusher by a double-screw conveyor for crushing treatment, and feeding a leachate part generated in the crushing process into a desanding unit;
thirdly, feeding the crushed kitchen waste into a magnetic separation unit, separating metal substances in the waste, and screening by a drum screen to obtain undersize matters smaller than 100 mm;
fourthly, the screened kitchen waste enters a screw extrusion dehydration unit, the squeezed solid slag enters a rear-section crushing treatment system, and the squeezed organic slurry enters a sewage treatment system after sand and impurity removal;
fifthly, the crushed materials are subjected to anaerobic composting reaction, so that the waste organic matters are converted into fertilizers through the fermentation action of microorganisms under certain moisture, C/N and ventilation conditions.
2. The kitchen waste anaerobic compost fermentation and reduction treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, a disinfection pipe network communicated with an ozone generator is arranged in the bin, and the disinfection pipe network is in full contact with kitchen garbage, so that harmful bacteria such as escherichia coli in the garbage are inhibited or killed, and the bacterial infection risk of operators is improved.
3. The kitchen waste anaerobic compost fermentation and reduction treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the double-screw conveyor adopts a hydraulic power system, and when the phenomenon of material blockage occurs, the double-screw conveyor automatically rotates in the reverse direction and gives an alarm to prompt so as to prevent the material blockage.
4. The kitchen waste anaerobic compost fermentation and reduction treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the crushing cutter used by the crusher is made of high alloy steel materials, so that the impact resistance is improved.
5. The kitchen waste anaerobic compost fermentation and reduction treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the screw extrusion dehydration unit adopts two dehydration processes, so that the dehydration rate of the kitchen waste is more than 80%.
6. The kitchen waste anaerobic compost fermentation and reduction treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fifth step, the anaerobic composting reaction removes 40-60% of organic matters in the materials, reduces harmful germs, improves the dehydration stability of the materials, reduces the subsequent 35% of treatment energy consumption, and converts the organic matters from an unstable state into stable humus substances.
CN202011611492.XA 2020-12-30 2020-12-30 Kitchen waste anaerobic composting fermentation reduction treatment method Pending CN112496013A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114644438A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-06-21 浙江科力尔环保设备股份有限公司 Vertical sludge concentration device
CN114835527A (en) * 2022-05-13 2022-08-02 湖北笃冉生态农业科技有限公司 Soil remediation type organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN114835516A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-08-02 苏州华益洁环境能源技术有限公司 Biogas slurry anaerobic fermentation treatment process
CN114918227A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-08-19 湖南仁和环保科技有限公司 Anaerobic fermentation pretreatment system for kitchen garbage

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6423532B1 (en) * 1997-02-24 2002-07-23 Linde Brv Biowaste Technologies Ag Refuse-treatment method and apparatus
CN102527701A (en) * 2012-01-06 2012-07-04 北京昊海天际科技有限公司 Comprehensive treating system for domestic wastes
CN104307848A (en) * 2014-09-29 2015-01-28 吴长江 Kitchen waste treatment method
CN112077115A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-12-15 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 Kitchen waste extrusion screening pretreatment and dry/wet anaerobic fermentation treatment process system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6423532B1 (en) * 1997-02-24 2002-07-23 Linde Brv Biowaste Technologies Ag Refuse-treatment method and apparatus
CN102527701A (en) * 2012-01-06 2012-07-04 北京昊海天际科技有限公司 Comprehensive treating system for domestic wastes
CN104307848A (en) * 2014-09-29 2015-01-28 吴长江 Kitchen waste treatment method
CN112077115A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-12-15 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 Kitchen waste extrusion screening pretreatment and dry/wet anaerobic fermentation treatment process system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114644438A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-06-21 浙江科力尔环保设备股份有限公司 Vertical sludge concentration device
CN114835527A (en) * 2022-05-13 2022-08-02 湖北笃冉生态农业科技有限公司 Soil remediation type organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN114835516A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-08-02 苏州华益洁环境能源技术有限公司 Biogas slurry anaerobic fermentation treatment process
CN114918227A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-08-19 湖南仁和环保科技有限公司 Anaerobic fermentation pretreatment system for kitchen garbage
CN114918227B (en) * 2022-05-25 2023-08-04 湖南仁和环保科技有限公司 Anaerobic fermentation pretreatment system for kitchen waste

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Inventor after: Xu Shaowei

Inventor after: Shi Jiren

Inventor after: Liu Bingbing

Inventor before: Xu Shaowei

Inventor before: Shi Jiren

Inventor before: Liu Bingbing

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
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Application publication date: 20210316